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2023年秋季期高一年级期末教学质量监测
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which is the woman’s best subject
A. Math. B. Physics. C. English.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A stranger. B. A good deed. C. A phone.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman’s advice
A. Improving the judgment. B. Avoiding judging by appearances.
C. Carrying out the real-name system.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What behavior does the man dislike at the cinema
A. Kicking the seat. B. Leaving halfway. C. Sending texts.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers most probably
A. In the library. B. In the zoo. C. In the classroom.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. The weather. B. The weekend plan. C. Free-time activities.
7. What does the man plan to do this winter
A. Take some classes. B. Go to karaoke at night. C. Go camping with the woman.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How does the woman first sound after hearing the man’s words
A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Painful.
9. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Buy a cute wallet for her.
B. Do some shopping with her.
C. Have a fashionable hairstyle.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the woman doing
A. She is buying a house.
B. She is checking a house.
C. She is repainting the walls.
11. What is the man’s requirement
A. Keeping the walls clean.
B. Signing the agreement now.
C. Paying three years’ rent in advance.
12. How much will the woman pay
A. $900. B. $600. C. $300.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and parent. B. Teacher and student. C. Colleagues.
14. Who is Joy
A. The woman’s niece. B. The man’s student. C. The man’s niece.
15. What does the woman say about the heavy study burden
A. It is the result of bad study habits.
B. It does harm to children’s health.
C. It mainly comes from school.
16. What should parents do according to the man
A. Help children develop good study habits.
B. Improve children’s interest in learning.
C. Put more pressure on children.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How much snow can people see this morning
A A lot. B. A little. C. None.
18. What will the temperature be on Mount Raven at noon
A. About five degrees. B. About two degrees. C. About zero degree.
19. When does the speaker recommend taking the family out
A. Tomorrow. B. This weekend. C. Next Monday.
20. What can listeners hear today at 5: 00 pm
A. A sports report. B. Another weather report. C. A speech by the president.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Paris, the capital of France, has some attractive bridges. These are four of the most beautiful bridges in Paris: some in iconic (标志性的) places you’ve seen in the movies, and others in quiet places that you’ll delight in discovering.
Pont des Arts
Connecting the Louvre Museum to the Institut de France, the Pont des Arts, first built by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804 and reconstructed in the 1970s, is a bridge only for people walking that is beloved by tourists and locals alike. In the spring and summer months, Parisians and visitors come here for lazy picnics overlooking the Seine.
Pont Marle
This lovely but little-known bridge is a gateway between the Marais district on the right bank and a natural island on the Seine River. The current stone structure dates to around 1670, following a fire on its wooden structure that destroyed much of the original bridge and the houses that once stood on it. It has remained much the same since the 18th century, making it one of Paris’ oldest bridges.
Pont Alexandre Ⅲ
The Pont Alexandre Ⅲ is probably the most attractive of Paris’ many bridges. Built between 1896 and 1900, it connects the des Invalides with the gardens of the Petit Palais. It’s after dark that you can best appreciate its delicate statues and other decorative elements.
Pont Neuf
First built in 1578 by King Henry Ⅲ Pont Neuf has seen numerous reconstructions and changes over the centuries. But it conserves its Roman-inspired arch (拱形) structures. This is a lovely bridge that offers easy and picturesque access to the left and right bank. Have some ice cream, explore the lovely riverside paths and enjoy views of Notre Dame Cathedral.
21. What is special about the Pont des Arts
A. It has been rebuilt many times. B. It is one of Paris’ oldest bridges.
C. It is a bridge only for people walking. D. It is the most attractive bridge in Paris.
22. Which is the oldest among the four bridges
A. Pont des Arts. B. Pont Marie.
C. Pont Alexandre Ⅲ D. Pont Neuf.
23. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. A health magazine.
C. A news report. D. A book review.
B
You’re never too old to achieve your dreams—or even break records. A 104-year-old woman named Dorothy Hoffner is such an example. She has just become the oldest person to skydive (跳伞), and she had the time of her life doing it. After touching ground following her jump with a US instructor, she proudly said, “Age is just a number.”
Hoffner took to the skies of Northern Illinois with the help of Skydive Chicago, making her way to the town of Ottawa for the jump. For all the excitement, this wasn’t her first time jumping out of the plane. Hoffner’s first skydiving took place a few years ago, when she was 100. Although back then the instructor helped push them out together, this time she insisted on leading the jump from 13,500 feet up in the air.
A video shared by Skydive Chicago shows Hoffner determinedly advancing towards the plane on her red walker (助行架) before being helped on board. Sitting among her fellow skydivers, she is all smiles as she waits for her turn. Once the door opens, the woman confidently jumps out of the plane head first.
Before Hoffner’s jump, the record for the oldest person to skydive belonged-to 103-year-old Linnea Ingegard Larsson from Sweden, who set it in May 2022. Now, Skydive Chicago is requesting Guinness World Records to certify Hoffner’s jump as the new record.
As for Hoffner, she seems happy with having achieved this, describing the jump as an amazing experience. “It was wonderful up there. The whole thing was wonderful, and couldn’t have been better,” she says. Now that she has completed this achievement, she is now thinking of her next adventure. Since she is turning 105 in December, she is thinking of celebrating by riding a hot air balloon, saying, “I’ve never been in one of those.”
24. What do we know about Hoffner
A. She set a world record in 2022.
B. She took up skydiving from an early age.
C. She loved to meet new challenges in life.
D. She improved her physical fitness through sports.
25. Why does the author mention Hoffner’s red walker in paragraph 3
A. To compare different types of walkers.
B. To explore the reason why she took to skydiving.
C. To encourage people struggling in life to be brave.
D. To show her determination despite physical difficulties.
26. Which of the following best describes Hoffner
A. Thoughtful. B. Courageous. C. Responsible. D. Calm.
27. What is the main idea of the text
A. Woman braves difficulties to achieve success.
B. 104-year-old woman takes the world by storm.
C. Woman with disability stands out with hard work.
D. The oldest person breaks world record for skydiving.
C
When 62-year-old fisherman Kpana Charlie finished the day’s catch, he liked to settle into a wooden chair, thinking about his childhood. Back then, his life on Sierra Leone’s Nyangai Island seemed excellent. He spent endless hours playing with his friends on the island’s white beaches. Whenever he wanted to avoid having to do. his housework, he could simply disappear into the forest that covered much of the island. He remembers as recently as ten years ago, it still measured some 2, 300 feet from end to end.
Today, Nyangai is disappearing before his very eyes, covered by the endless sea. The forests are gone. And the land on which Charlie’s family home once stood, has long since disappeared beneath the waves.
In fact, the local government has responded to the sharp increase of sea level by building a concrete (混凝土制的) seawall along the length of the town. But in the many smaller coastal towns and villages in the area, there simply aren’t the resources. Then, the government made a project to protect some of the settlements by planting trees, but this has had limited success. With the population relying on woods for building and smoking-fish, few trees lived longer than the project, which ended in 2021.
Sierra Leone has been identified as one of the world’s most weak countries to the effects of climate change, despite having little influence on global CO2 emissions (排放). “Weak countries should be getting some support from wealthy nations to strengthen their climate defenses (防御),” says Gabriel Kpaka, the head of the country’s Meteorological Agency. “But we’re not really seeing that.”
With global sea level expected to rise by anywhere between 1 and 3 feet by the end of the century, along with an increase in extreme weather events, the experience of this West African island offers an understanding of the possible future of countless other low-lying areas around the world.
28. Why does the author tell Charlie’s story in paragraph 1
A. To describe his wonderful life at present. B. To offer-readers-background information
C. To call on local people to protect the seen D. To attract more visitors to Nyangai Island.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The reasons for the changes on the island. B. The rich natural species in coastal areas.
C. The measures taken to deal with rising sea level. D. The way to build a concrete seawall on the island.
30. What can be done to help Nyangai Island according to Kpaka
A. Local government should build a stronger seawall.
B. Local people on the island limit their CO2 emissions.
C. Countries in low-lying areas work together for their rights.
D. Rich countries should offer support about climate defenses.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of other low-lying areas
A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Uncertain. D. Positive.
D
Not all birds sing, but those that do—some several thousand species—do it a lot.
Iris Adam, a scientist at the University of Southern Denmark says, birds have “a drive to sing”. This means hours every day for some species, and that takes a lot of energy. However, singing can be dangerous. “As soon as you sing, you show yourself, for example, where you are and that you even exist—all of that immediately is out in the open for predators (捕食性动物) , for everybody,” she says.
In a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for why birds take that risk and whether the muscles (肌肉) that produce birdsong require daily exercise. Adam designed an experiment on zebra finches—little Australian songbirds. Her experiment included keeping male birds in the dark to sever the connection between their brains and-their singing muscles, which prevented them from singing.
After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half of their strength. Three weeks later, they were back to the same level when they were juveniles (幼鸟) and never had sung before. When Adam played one of the male’s songs for: a group of female birds, six out of nine preferred the song that came from a male who had been using his singing muscles daily.
Adam’s conclusion (结论) is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance song. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females, which is bad.
“What they stress is that you need a lot of practice to improve what you’re doing” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires. It’s a good rule to live by, whether you’re a bird or a human—practice makes perfect, at least when it comes to singing one’s heart out.
32. Why can singing be dangerous for birds
A. They can drive predators to sing. B. They never protect their areas.
C. Their singing can attract predators. D. Singing does damage to their muscles.
33. What does the underlined word “sever” probably mean in paragraph 3
A. Remember. B. End. C. Risk. D. Keep.
34. What do we know about Adam’s experiment
A. It mainly focused on male birds and juveniles.
B. It aimed to protect zebra finches from possible risks.
C. It strengthened birds’ singing muscles in four weeks.
D. It proved exercising singing muscles matters to birds.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Iris Adam’s work is a big success B. Singing can be dangerous for birds
C. Birds sing to keep muscles in shape D. Birds and human beings need practice
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Benefits Of Cold Weather
There’s no doubt about it—cold weather can be pretty unpleasant. ___36___ So if you’re feeling down about the cold temperatures outside, read on for a few reasons to be happy about them!
It boosts your brain. Cold temperatures can excite your brain, allowing improved focus and greater clarity of thought. The cold climate increases oxygen flow to the brain. ___37___
It increases brown fat content. Cold weather has the unique ability to increase the number of brown fat cells. ___38___ . Not only do they help us stay comfortably warm in cold temperatures, but they may also even promote weight loss over time.
___39___ In cold weather, an even body temperature can be beneficial for a good night’s rest. As our bodies try to keep warm when it’s ‘cold out, blood vessels get narrower and help control your sleep temperature for a more relaxed and restful sleep. People sleeping in colder environments generally wake up feeling more refreshed than those sleeping in warmer temperatures.
It improves skin health. ___40___ Low temperatures force us to dress warmly against the cold, leading to protection against environmental aspects that would otherwise remove water from our skin.
All in all, there are many benefits to spending time outside in cold weather! Next time you want to stay inside and avoid the cold, keep these benefits in mind and consider getting outside for a few minutes!
A. It helps you sleep.
B. It raises health awareness.
C. Thus, the central nervous system can perform at increased levels.
D. Cold weather exposure is a helpful contribution to our well-being.
E. They are important for controlling body temperature by producing heat.
F. Cold weather can be good for keeping our skin looking and feeling healthy.
G. While it makes us want to stay indoors, cold weather has some major benefits.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first day of high school for Emily. As she walked to school, Emily felt nervous. She had heard ___41___ from her older brothers about how worrying high school could be, and she was afraid she wouldn’t ___42___. But as soon as she arrived on campus, her ___43___ were put to rest. She saw ___44___ faces from her middle school and soon made new friends with students in her classes.
Her first class of the day was English, and Emily was excited to ___45___ her new teacher, Mr. Johnson. As Mr. Johnson entered the classroom, Emily could see the enthusiasm (热情) in his eyes. He began to ___46___ himself and then asked each student to stand up and share something about themselves. Emily listened as her classmates ___47___ their hobbies and interests, and was inspired by their diversity. When it was her turn, Emily stood up and ___48___ introduced herself. But as she spoke, she gradually gain ___49___. She was happy to be in this new ____50____.
The rest of the day flew by. Emily went from class to class, learning about history, science, and math. She was ____51____ by her teachers’ knowledge, and she found herself ____52____ the rest of the school year.
That day, she ____53____ that high school wasn’t as scary as she thought it would be. She was excited about what the ____54____ held. She knew that she had a lot to learn, but she was ____55____ for the challenges.
41. A. adventures B. stories C. lessons D. footsteps
42. A. change. B. escape C. prove D. adapt
43. A. views B. dreams C. fears D. goals
44. A. honest B. helpless C. hopeful D. familiar
45. A. persuade B. meet C. thank D. urge
46 A. encourage B. educate C. comfort D. introduce
47. A. shared B. managed C. planned D. admired
48. A. gladly B. exactly C. nervously D. secretly
49. A. success B. experience C. confidence D. strength
50 A. career B. environment C. charity D. village
51. A. frightened B. disappointed C. confused D. impressed
52. A. going through B. making up C. longing for D. giving up
53. A. realized B. remembered C. doubted D. explained
54. A. decision B. future C. habit D. rule
55. A. ready B. anxious C. responsible D. happy
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zu Ti of the Jin Dynasty was a man who had with great ambition. When he was young, he had a good friend ___56___ (name) Liu Kun. They had such a deep friendship ___57___ they stayed together every day and got up at the same time every morning.
One day, when they were sleeping. Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (鸡鸣) . He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about ___58___ (get) up to play swords (剑) as soon as we heard the rooster crowing from now on ” Liu Kun was still ___59___ (sleep) . But he agreed with him ___60___ (joyful) . From then on, they got up and played swords once the rooster began crowing. They kept their word and never gave up no matter ___61___ cold in winter or hot in summer. Hard work ___62___ (pay) off. After a long period of hard study and training, they finally became the all-rounder. And they both did excellent jobs to their country.
The idiom “to rise with the rooster” teaches us that with ambition and hard work, ___63___ (succeed) is possible. When we can discover our shortcomings ___64___ time, it is not too late to try. But if you are not willing ____65____ (work) hard, you will not be able to achieve a career after all.
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号内的中文提示写出正确形式的英文单词。
66. I really like _________ (探险) stories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
67. We’ll _________ (递送) the goods as soon as we can. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. I just spent a holiday there and would ___ (推荐) it to anyone. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69. We have lots of ideas about what to do to add to your _________ (收藏品) . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70. Doctors say too much _________ (压力) is not good for a child’s development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. A 10-year-old girl invented a new kind of window because of her _________ (创造力) . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. He decided to take training courses like a _________ (专业的) player. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. _________ (专心于) on my homework, I didn’t notice they had sat down behind me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. Peter couldn’t see the _________ (好处；益处) of arguing any longer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. According to the traditional Chinese _________ (习俗) , 2024 is just the year of the Dragon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据括号内的中文提示完成句子。
76. ______________ (如果你方便的话) , we can see you tomorrow. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
77. What you have done ______________ (可能会对你的同学造成伤害) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78. ______________ (由于智能手机的发明) , it’s easy for us to take photos anytime. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
79. I come to you ______________ (因我所做的事情向你道歉). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
80. Now she has trouble in learning English, ______________ (我们应该全力以赴帮助她). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第三节(满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了以“动物保护”为主题的照片展。请你给外国朋友Eric写一封邮件告诉他相关情况，内容包括：
1. 展览的时间、地点；
2. 展览的内容；
3. 同学们的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua2023年秋季期高一年级期末教学质量监测
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which is the woman’s best subject
A. Math. B. Physics. C. English.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The math scores were announced. You did well in the exam.
W: Yes! It’s great! My best subject is English, but I’m really looking forward to my physics scores this afternoon.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A stranger. B. A good deed. C. A phone.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I couldn’t get on the bus without coins and my phone today. Luckily, someone paid for me.
W: Wow! Although this is only a small thing, it will make people feel warm.
M: Yes. I’m in a good mood all day.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman’s advice
A. Improving the judgment. B. Avoiding judging by appearances.
C. Carrying out the real-name system.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Can you believe spreading something unreal can ruin a person’s life
M: Yes. So we can’t always trust the Internet. I think the real-name system can help solve the problem.
W: In the final analysis, we’d better improve our own judgment.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What behavior does the man dislike at the cinema
A. Kicking the seat. B. Leaving halfway. C. Sending texts.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Is there any behavior you don’t like at the movie theater
M: Of course. I can’t stand people sending texts during the show.
W: I see. And some people like kicking the front seat or leaving halfway, which affects my mood.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers most probably
A. In the library. B. In the zoo. C. In the classroom.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Different animals have different ways of communicating information, some by sound and some by smell.
W: You really read a lot in the library. But I came here today to see animals, not to listen to your lesson.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. The weather. B. The weekend plan. C. Free-time activities.
7. What does the man plan to do this winter
A. Take some classes. B. Go to karaoke at night. C. Go camping with the woman.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve noticed that you always have a lot of fun. How do you do it
W: On the weekend, if the weather permits, I’ll go camping with my family. What do you enjoy doing in your spare time
M: I’ll go to karaoke at night for entertainment.
W: Good. I know you have a talent for singing songs.
M: Oh thanks. And this winter, I’m going to take the skiing classes.
W: Great. I’m so excited to see your good performances.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How does the woman first sound after hearing the man’s words
A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Painful.
9. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Buy a cute wallet for her.
B. Do some shopping with her.
C. Have a fashionable hairstyle.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Darling, do you like my hairstyle
M: Well, it looks great. I love it.
W: Come on. I’d like to know the truth. You’re just trying to make me feel happy.
M: Well, I find your hairstyle very fashionable. Why are you unsatisfied with it
W: My hair looks short. I’ve never experienced anything like it before. It’s strange. I want to change it back to something more normal.
M: Er, why not try to wear a cute hat
W: Sounds great. My wallet is in our bedroom. Please help me fetch it and then go to the hat shop with me.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the woman doing
A. She is buying a house.
B. She is checking a house.
C. She is repainting the walls.
11. What is the man’s requirement
A. Keeping the walls clean.
B. Signing the agreement now.
C. Paying three years’ rent in advance.
12. How much will the woman pay
A. $900. B. $600. C. $300.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow! The house is wonderful. The floor is suitable and the house has a southern exposure. It is much more convenient to air the quilt here at ordinary times.
M: Yes. You can also plant some flowers here. In summer, it’s satisfying to sit in a chair here to enjoy the cool.
W: Good. And the kitchen over there is exactly what I need, since it has plenty of space.
M: I’m glad you like it. Ms. Smail, you can sign the agreement today, or you can also think it over. If you decide to rent the house, you’re requested not to dirty the walls. Otherwise, I will have to repaint them.
W: I see. We can sign the agreement now.
M: OK. The monthly rent is $300. You need to pay three months’ rent in advance.
W: No problem.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and parent. B. Teacher and student. C. Colleagues.
14. Who is Joy
A. The woman’s niece. B. The man’s student. C. The man’s niece.
15. What does the woman say about the heavy study burden
A. It is the result of bad study habits.
B. It does harm to children’s health.
C. It mainly comes from school.
16. What should parents do according to the man
A. Help children develop good study habits.
B. Improve children’s interest in learning.
C. Put more pressure on children.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: The heavy workload among primary school students has been a topic of a national concern.
M: Yes, especially during vacation time, they have a lot of homework and have to go to extra classes. My sister signs my niece Joy up for three extra classes on weekdays, and that number doubles during the holiday.
W: But in fact, a heavy study burden can limit students’ creativity and damage their health.
M: Everyone knows that, but they do it anyway. Happily, a lot of parents have started lessening the pressure on kids.
W: I usually give my students less homework, which I think is better than not being able to hand it in on time or copying it.
M: So do L Most parents are very anxious about their children’s study, but actually, it is more important to develop children’s interest in study.
W: And let them develop good study habits, which can benefit all their lives. Oh, let’s discuss it after work. I have to give a class now.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How much snow can people see this morning
A. A lot. B. A little. C. None.
18. What will the temperature be on Mount Raven at noon
A. About five degrees. B. About two degrees. C. About zero degree.
19. When does the speaker recommend taking the family out
A. Tomorrow. B. This weekend. C. Next Monday.
20. What can listeners hear today at 5: 00 pm
A. A sports report. B. Another weather report. C. A speech by the president.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Hey, everyone, here is the latest weather report for you and your family. This morning, we’re seeing the sun with cloudy periods, as well as a little snow. Right now, I am at the top of Mount Raven, where it is two degrees and is expected to rise to about five degrees by noon. Overnight temperatures will probably drop to at least seven degrees below zero. Alaska is a cold place, but you’re probably used to it by now! Tomorrow’s forecast calls for more snow with a high of zero and a low of twelve degrees below zero. Conditions are perfect for skiing this weekend, but I wouldn’t want to be playing out in this cold. If you’re heading out to the mountains tomorrow, please remember to dress warmly to avoid getting sick. Next Monday is going to be a lot warmer, so maybe then would be a good time to take the family out. Well, we’ll go back to the news room now for a look at what’s happening in sports, and stay tuned for a speech from the president this afternoon at 5: 00 pm. Take care, folks!
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Paris, the capital of France, has some attractive bridges. These are four of the most beautiful bridges in Paris: some in iconic (标志性的) places you’ve seen in the movies, and others in quiet places that you’ll delight in discovering.
Pont des Arts
Connecting the Louvre Museum to the Institut de France, the Pont des Arts, first built by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804 and reconstructed in the 1970s, is a bridge only for people walking that is beloved by tourists and locals alike. In the spring and summer months, Parisians and visitors come here for lazy picnics overlooking the Seine.
Pont Marle
This lovely but little-known bridge is a gateway between the Marais district on the right bank and a natural island on the Seine River. The current stone structure dates to around 1670, following a fire on its wooden structure that destroyed much of the original bridge and the houses that once stood on it. It has remained much the same since the 18th century, making it one of Paris’ oldest bridges.
Pont Alexandre Ⅲ
The Pont Alexandre Ⅲ is probably the most attractive of Paris’ many bridges. Built between 1896 and 1900, it connects the des Invalides with the gardens of the Petit Palais. It’s after dark that you can best appreciate its delicate statues and other decorative elements.
Pont Neuf
First built in 1578 by King Henry Ⅲ, Pont Neuf has seen numerous reconstructions and changes over the centuries. But it conserves its Roman-inspired arch (拱形) structures. This is a lovely bridge that offers easy and picturesque access to the left and right bank. Have some ice cream, explore the lovely riverside paths and enjoy views of Notre Dame Cathedral.
21. What is special about the Pont des Arts
A. It has been rebuilt many times. B. It is one of Paris’ oldest bridges.
C. It is a bridge only for people walking. D. It is the most attractive bridge in Paris.
22. Which is the oldest among the four bridges
A. Pont des Arts. B. Pont Marie.
C. Pont Alexandre Ⅲ D. Pont Neuf.
23. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. A health magazine.
C. A news report. D. A book review.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。文章Pont des Arts段讲到“Connecting the Louvre Museum to the Institut de France, the Pont des Arts, first built by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804 and reconstructed in the 1970s, is a bridge only for people walking that is beloved by tourists and locals alike. (连接卢浮宫和法兰西学院的艺术桥(Pont des Arts)是1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴(Napoleon Bonaparte)建造的，在20世纪70年代重建，是一座仅供行人行走的桥，受到游客和当地人的喜爱。)”可知，艺术桥的特别之处是这是一座供人行走的桥。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。文章Pont des Arts部分讲到“first built by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804 (1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴首次建造)”、Pont Marie.部分讲到“The current stone structure dates to around 1670(目前的石头结构可以追溯到1670年左右)”、Pont Alexandre Ⅲ部分讲到“Built between 1896 and 1900 (建于1896年至1900年)”以及Pont Neuf部分讲到“First built in 1578 by King Henry Ⅲ(始建于1578年，由国王亨利三世建造)”可知，四座桥中最古老的是Pont Neuf。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Paris, the capital of France, has some attractive bridges. These are four of the most beautiful bridges in Paris: some in iconic (标志性的) places you’ve seen in the movies, and others in quiet places that you’ll delight in discovering. (法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。这是巴黎最美丽的四座桥：一些在你在电影中看到的标志性地方，另一些在你乐于发现的安静地方。)”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故选A。
B
You’re never too old to achieve your dreams—or even break records. A 104-year-old woman named Dorothy Hoffner is such an example. She has just become the oldest person to skydive (跳伞), and she had the time of her life doing it. After touching ground following her jump with a US instructor, she proudly said, “Age is just a number.”
Hoffner took to the skies of Northern Illinois with the help of Skydive Chicago, making her way to the town of Ottawa for the jump. For all the excitement, this wasn’t her first time jumping out of the plane. Hoffner’s first skydiving took place a few years ago, when she was 100. Although back then the instructor helped push them out together, this time she insisted on leading the jump from 13,500 feet up in the air.
A video shared by Skydive Chicago shows Hoffner determinedly advancing towards the plane on her red walker (助行架) before being helped on board. Sitting among her fellow skydivers, she is all smiles as she waits for her turn. Once the door opens, the woman confidently jumps out of the plane head first.
Before Hoffner’s jump, the record for the oldest person to skydive belonged-to 103-year-old Linnea Ingegard Larsson from Sweden, who set it in May 2022. Now, Skydive Chicago is requesting Guinness World Records to certify Hoffner’s jump as the new record.
As for Hoffner, she seems happy with having achieved this, describing the jump as an amazing experience. “It was wonderful up there. The whole thing was wonderful, and couldn’t have been better,” she says. Now that she has completed this achievement, she is now thinking of her next adventure. Since she is turning 105 in December, she is thinking of celebrating by riding a hot air balloon, saying, “I’ve never been in one of those.”
24. What do we know about Hoffner
A. She set a world record in 2022.
B. She took up skydiving from an early age.
C. She loved to meet new challenges in life.
D. She improved her physical fitness through sports.
25. Why does the author mention Hoffner’s red walker in paragraph 3
A. To compare different types of walkers.
B. To explore the reason why she took to skydiving.
C. To encourage people struggling in life to be brave.
D. To show her determination despite physical difficulties.
26. Which of the following best describes Hoffner
A. Thoughtful. B. Courageous. C. Responsible. D. Calm.
27. What is the main idea of the text
A. Woman braves difficulties to achieve success.
B. 104-year-old woman takes the world by storm.
C. Woman with disability stands out with hard work.
D. The oldest person breaks world record for skydiving.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了104岁的Dorothy Hoffner成为跳伞年纪最大的人，打破了吉尼斯纪录。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For all the excitement, this wasn’t her first time jumping out of the plane. Hoffner’s first skydiving took place a few years ago, when she was 100. Although back then the instructor helped push them out together, this time she insisted on leading the jump from 13,500 feet up in the air. (尽管她很兴奋，但这并不是她第一次从飞机上跳下来。Hoffner第一次跳伞是在几年前，当时她100岁。虽然当时是教练帮忙把他们一起推出来的，但这次她坚持要从13500英尺的高空起跳。)”和最后一段中的“Now that she has completed this achievement, she is now thinking of her next adventure. (既然她已经完成了这项成就，她现在正在考虑她的下一个冒险。)”可知，她几年前尝试过跳伞，当时是教练帮忙推她的，这次她想挑战自己跳，并且完成跳伞这件事后，她又打算进行下一个冒险，由此可推测，她喜欢挑战没有做过的新事情。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A video shared by Skydive Chicago shows Hoffner determinedly advancing towards the plane on her red walker (助行架) before being helped on board. (芝加哥跳伞公司分享的一段视频显示，Hoffner在被扶上飞机之前，坚定地骑着她的红色助行架向飞机前进。)”可知，Hoffner年老行动不便，只能借助助行架行动，但即便如此，她依然坚定地尝试跳伞活动，由此可推测出，文中提到她的红色助行架是为了展示她虽然身体不便但仍然有跳伞的决心。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sitting among her fellow skydivers, she is all smiles as she waits for her turn. Once the door opens, the woman confidently jumps out of the plane head first. (她坐在跳伞同伴中间，微笑着等待轮到她。门一打开，这位女士就自信地头朝下跳下了飞机。)”可知，她在等待跳伞的过程中非常镇定，而且跳伞时非常自信地跳下飞机，由此可推测出，她非常勇敢。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“You’re never too old to achieve your dreams—or even break records. A 104-year-old woman named Dorothy Hoffner is such an example. She has just become the oldest person to skydive (跳伞), and she had the time of her life doing it. (你永远不会因太老而无法实现梦想，甚至打破纪录。一位名叫Dorothy Hoffner的104岁妇女就是这样一个例子。她刚刚成为跳伞年龄最大的人，而且这是她一生中最快乐的一次。)”可知，本文主要讲述了104岁的Dorothy Hoffner成为跳伞年纪最大的人，打破了世界纪录。故选D。
C
When 62-year-old fisherman Kpana Charlie finished the day’s catch, he liked to settle into a wooden chair, thinking about his childhood. Back then, his life on Sierra Leone’s Nyangai Island seemed excellent. He spent endless hours playing with his friends on the island’s white beaches. Whenever he wanted to avoid having to do. his housework, he could simply disappear into the forest that covered much of the island. He remembers as recently as ten years ago, it still measured some 2, 300 feet from end to end.
Today, Nyangai is disappearing before his very eyes, covered by the endless sea. The forests are gone. And the land on which Charlie’s family home once stood, has long since disappeared beneath the waves.
In fact, the local government has responded to the sharp increase of sea level by building a concrete (混凝土制的) seawall along the length of the town. But in the many smaller coastal towns and villages in the area, there simply aren’t the resources. Then, the government made a project to protect some of the settlements by planting trees, but this has had limited success. With the population relying on woods for building and smoking-fish, few trees lived longer than the project, which ended in 2021.
Sierra Leone has been identified as one of the world’s most weak countries to the effects of climate change, despite having little influence on global CO2 emissions (排放). “Weak countries should be getting some support from wealthy nations to strengthen their climate defenses (防御),” says Gabriel Kpaka, the head of the country’s Meteorological Agency. “But we’re not really seeing that.”
With global sea level expected to rise by anywhere between 1 and 3 feet by the end of the century, along with an increase in extreme weather events, the experience of this West African island offers an understanding of the possible future of countless other low-lying areas around the world.
28. Why does the author tell Charlie’s story in paragraph 1
A. To describe his wonderful life at present. B. To offer-readers-background information
C. To call on local people to protect the seen D. To attract more visitors to Nyangai Island.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The reasons for the changes on the island. B. The rich natural species in coastal areas.
C. The measures taken to deal with rising sea level. D. The way to build a concrete seawall on the island.
30. What can be done to help Nyangai Island according to Kpaka
A. Local government should build a stronger seawall.
B. Local people on the island limit their CO2 emissions.
C. Countries in low-lying areas work together for their rights.
D. Rich countries should offer support about climate defenses.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of other low-lying areas
A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Uncertain. D. Positive.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海平面的急剧上升导致一些低洼地区被淹没，虽然采取了一些措施，但也收效甚微。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When 62-year-old fisherman Kpana Charlie finished the day’s catch, he liked to settle into a wooden chair, thinking about his childhood. Back then, his life on Sierra Leone’s Nyangai Island seemed excellent. He spent endless hours playing with his friends on the island’s white beaches. Whenever he wanted to avoid having to do. his housework, he could simply disappear into the forest that covered much of the island. He remembers as recently as ten years ago, it still measured some 2, 300 feet from end to end. (当62岁的渔夫Kpana Charlie钓完了一天的鱼，他喜欢坐在木椅上，回忆他的童年。当时，他在塞拉利昂尼扬盖岛的生活似乎很美好。他和朋友们在岛上白色的沙滩上玩了无数个小时。每当他想要避免的时候。他的家务，他可以简单地消失在覆盖了大部分岛屿的森林里。他记得，就在十年前，它的首尾距离还在2300英尺左右。)”可推知，作者在第一段讲述查理的故事是为读者提供背景信息。故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In fact, the local government has responded to the sharp increase of sea level by building a concrete (混凝土制的) seawall along the length of the town. But in the many smaller coastal towns and villages in the area, there simply aren’t the resources. Then, the government made a project to protect some of the settlements by planting trees, but this has had limited success. With the population relying on woods for building and smoking-fish, few trees lived longer than the project, which ended in 2021. (事实上，为了应对海平面的急剧上升，当地政府沿着整个城镇修建了一座混凝土海堤。但在该地区的许多较小的沿海城镇和村庄，根本没有资源。然后，政府制定了一个项目，通过植树来保护一些定居点，但收效甚微。由于人们依赖木材建筑和熏鱼，很少有树木的寿命比该项目更长，该项目于2021年结束。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是应对海平面上升所采取的措施。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Weak countries should be getting some support from wealthy nations to strengthen their climate defenses (防御),” says Gabriel Kpaka, the head of the country’s Meteorological Agency. (“弱国应该从富裕国家那里得到一些支持，以加强他们的气候防御，”该国气象局局长加布里埃尔·卡帕卡说。)”可知，Kpaka认为富裕国家应该提供气候防御方面的支持来帮助Nyangai岛。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With global sea level expected to rise by anywhere between 1 and 3 feet by the end of the century, along with an increase in extreme weather events, the experience of this West African island offers an understanding of the possible future of countless other low-lying areas around the world. (到本世纪末，全球海平面预计将上升1到3英尺，同时极端天气事件也会增加，这个西非岛屿的经历让我们了解了世界上无数其他低洼地区可能的未来。)”可推知，作者对其他低洼地区的未来持担忧态度。故选A。
D
Not all birds sing, but those that do—some several thousand species—do it a lot.
Iris Adam, a scientist at the University of Southern Denmark says, birds have “a drive to sing”. This means hours every day for some species, and that takes a lot of energy. However, singing can be dangerous. “As soon as you sing, you show yourself, for example, where you are and that you even exist—all of that immediately is out in the open for predators (捕食性动物) , for everybody,” she says.
In a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for why birds take that risk and whether the muscles (肌肉) that produce birdsong require daily exercise. Adam designed an experiment on zebra finches—little Australian songbirds. Her experiment included keeping male birds in the dark to sever the connection between their brains and-their singing muscles, which prevented them from singing.
After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half of their strength. Three weeks later, they were back to the same level when they were juveniles (幼鸟) and never had sung before. When Adam played one of the male’s songs for: a group of female birds, six out of nine preferred the song that came from a male who had been using his singing muscles daily.
Adam’s conclusion (结论) is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance song. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females, which is bad.
“What they stress is that you need a lot of practice to improve what you’re doing,” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires. It’s a good rule to live by, whether you’re a bird or a human—practice makes perfect, at least when it comes to singing one’s heart out.
32. Why can singing be dangerous for birds
A. They can drive predators to sing. B. They never protect their areas.
C. Their singing can attract predators. D. Singing does damage to their muscles.
33. What does the underlined word “sever” probably mean in paragraph 3
A. Remember. B. End. C. Risk. D. Keep.
34. What do we know about Adam’s experiment
A. It mainly focused on male birds and juveniles.
B. It aimed to protect zebra finches from possible risks.
C. It strengthened birds’ singing muscles in four weeks.
D. It proved exercising singing muscles matters to birds.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Iris Adam’s work is a big success B. Singing can be dangerous for birds
C. Birds sing to keep muscles in shape D. Birds and human beings need practice
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““As soon as you sing, you show yourself, for example, where you are and that you even exist—all of that immediately is out in the open for predators (捕食性动物) , for everybody,” she says. (她说：“只要你一唱歌，你就展示了你自己，例如，你在哪里，你甚至存在——所有这些都立即暴露在捕食者面前，暴露在所有人面前。”)”可知，歌唱对鸟类来说是危险的因为它们的歌声可以吸引捕食者。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the connection between their brains and-their singing muscles, which prevented them from singing”可知，实验把雄鸟关在黑暗中，结束它们大脑和唱歌肌肉之间的联系，这阻止了它们唱歌。故划线词意思是“结束”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Adam’s conclusion (结论) is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance song. (亚当的结论是，鸣禽需要锻炼它们的歌唱肌肉，才能唱出最好的歌曲。”可知，亚当的实验证明锻炼歌唱肌肉对鸟类很重要。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Adam’s conclusion (结论) is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance song. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females, which is bad. (亚当的结论是，鸣禽需要锻炼它们的歌唱肌肉，才能唱出最好的歌曲。如果他们不唱歌，他们就会失去表演能力，他们的歌曲对女性的吸引力就会下降，这很糟糕。)”结合文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。可知，C选项“鸟唱歌是为了保持肌肉的形状”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Benefits Of Cold Weather
There’s no doubt about it—cold weather can be pretty unpleasant. ___36___ So if you’re feeling down about the cold temperatures outside, read on for a few reasons to be happy about them!
It boosts your brain. Cold temperatures can excite your brain, allowing improved focus and greater clarity of thought. The cold climate increases oxygen flow to the brain. ___37___
It increases brown fat content. Cold weather has the unique ability to increase the number of brown fat cells. ___38___ . Not only do they help us stay comfortably warm in cold temperatures, but they may also even promote weight loss over time.
___39___ In cold weather, an even body temperature can be beneficial for a good night’s rest. As our bodies try to keep warm when it’s ‘cold out, blood vessels get narrower and help control your sleep temperature for a more relaxed and restful sleep. People sleeping in colder environments generally wake up feeling more refreshed than those sleeping in warmer temperatures.
It improves skin health. ___40___ Low temperatures force us to dress warmly against the cold, leading to protection against environmental aspects that would otherwise remove water from our skin.
All in all, there are many benefits to spending time outside in cold weather! Next time you want to stay inside and avoid the cold, keep these benefits in mind and consider getting outside for a few minutes!
A. It helps you sleep.
B. It raises health awareness.
C. Thus, the central nervous system can perform at increased levels.
D. Cold weather exposure is a helpful contribution to our well-being.
E. They are important for controlling body temperature by producing heat.
F. Cold weather can be good for keeping our skin looking and feeling healthy.
G. While it makes us want to stay indoors, cold weather has some major benefits.
【答案】36. G 37. C 38. E 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了寒冷天气的一些好处。
【36题详解】
根据上文“There’s no doubt about it—cold weather can be pretty unpleasant. (毫无疑问，寒冷的天气会让人很不舒服。)”以及后文“So if you’re feeling down about the cold temperatures outside, read on for a few reasons to be happy about them! (所以，如果你对外面的寒冷天气感到沮丧，那就往下读，看看有什么理由让你开心起来吧！)”可知，后文提到了寒冷的天气也有理由开心，说明寒冷的天气也有好处。故G选项“虽然它使我们想呆在室内，但寒冷的天气也有一些主要的好处”符合语境，故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“It boosts your brain. Cold temperatures can excite your brain, allowing improved focus and greater clarity of thought. The cold climate increases oxygen flow to the brain. (它能增强你的大脑。低温可以刺激你的大脑，让你的注意力更集中，思维更清晰。寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量。)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量所带来的积极影响。故C选项“因此，中枢神经系统可以在更高的水平上工作。”符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据上文“It increases brown fat content. Cold weather has the unique ability to increase the number of brown fat cells. (它增加棕色脂肪的含量。寒冷的天气有增加棕色脂肪细胞数量的独特能力。)”以及后文“Not only do they help us stay comfortably warm in cold temperatures, but they may also even promote weight loss over time. (它们不仅能帮助我们在寒冷的天气里保持舒适温暖，而且随着时间的推移，它们甚至还能促进减肥。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释棕色脂肪细胞的作用，E选项中They指代上文brown fat cells。故E选项“它们通过产生热量对控制体温很重要。”符合语境，故选E。
39题详解】
根据本段内容“In cold weather, an even body temperature can be beneficial for a good night’s rest. As our bodies try to keep warm when it’s ‘cold out, blood vessels get narrower and help control your sleep temperature for a more relaxed and restful sleep. People sleeping in colder environments generally wake up feeling more refreshed than those sleeping in warmer temperatures. (在寒冷的天气里，稳定的体温有助于晚上睡个好觉。当外面很冷的时候，我们的身体会试图保持温暖，血管会变窄，帮助控制你的睡眠温度，从而获得更放松、更安宁的睡眠。睡在寒冷环境中的人醒来时通常比睡在温暖环境中的人更神清气爽。)”可知，本段的主旨是寒冷的天气有助于睡眠。故A选项“它有助于睡眠。”符合语境，故选A。
【40题详解】
根据后文“Low temperatures force us to dress warmly against the cold, leading to protection against environmental aspects that would otherwise remove water from our skin. (低温迫使我们穿上暖和的衣服来抵御寒冷，从而保护我们免受环境因素的影响，否则会使皮肤失去水分。)”可知，后文提到低温会避免皮肤失去水分，即寒冷天气对皮肤有好处。故F选项“寒冷的天气可以使我们的皮肤看起来和感觉健康。”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first day of high school for Emily. As she walked to school, Emily felt nervous. She had heard ___41___ from her older brothers about how worrying high school could be, and she was afraid she wouldn’t ___42___. But as soon as she arrived on campus, her ___43___ were put to rest. She saw ___44___ faces from her middle school and soon made new friends with students in her classes.
Her first class of the day was English, and Emily was excited to ___45___ her new teacher, Mr. Johnson. As Mr. Johnson entered the classroom, Emily could see the enthusiasm (热情) in his eyes. He began to ___46___ himself and then asked each student to stand up and share something about themselves. Emily listened as her classmates ___47___ their hobbies and interests, and was inspired by their diversity. When it was her turn, Emily stood up and ___48___ introduced herself. But as she spoke, she gradually gain ___49___. She was happy to be in this new ____50____.
The rest of the day flew by. Emily went from class to class, learning about history, science, and math. She was ____51____ by her teachers’ knowledge, and she found herself ____52____ the rest of the school year.
That day, she ____53____ that high school wasn’t as scary as she thought it would be. She was excited about what the ____54____ held. She knew that she had a lot to learn, but she was ____55____ for the challenges.
41. A. adventures B. stories C. lessons D. footsteps
42. A. change. B. escape C. prove D. adapt
43 A. views B. dreams C. fears D. goals
44. A. honest B. helpless C. hopeful D. familiar
45 A. persuade B. meet C. thank D. urge
46. A. encourage B. educate C. comfort D. introduce
47. A. shared B. managed C. planned D. admired
48. A. gladly B. exactly C. nervously D. secretly
49. A. success B. experience C. confidence D. strength
50. A. career B. environment C. charity D. village
51. A. frightened B. disappointed C. confused D. impressed
52. A. going through B. making up C. longing for D. giving up
53. A. realized B. remembered C. doubted D. explained
54. A. decision B. future C. habit D. rule
55. A. ready B. anxious C. responsible D. happy
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Emily上高中第一天的经历和感受，她一开始对高中生活充满担忧，后来见到了熟悉的面孔，结交了新的朋友，恐惧就消失了，经历过英语课堂后，她变得有信心起来，一天的课程结束后，老师们的知识给了她深刻印象，她开始向往接下来的学校生活，也准备好迎接挑战了。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她听哥哥们讲过高中生活有多令人担忧的故事，她担心自己无法适应。A. adventures冒险；B. stories故事；C. lessons课程；D. footsteps脚步。根据上文“As she walked to school, Emily felt nervous.”和下文“from her older brothers about how worrying high school could be”可推知，Emily的哥哥们应该是和她讲过高中生活有多令人担忧的故事，所以她才会很紧张。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她听哥哥们讲过高中生活有多令人担忧的故事，她担心自己无法适应。A. change改变；B. escape逃跑；C. prove证明；D. adapt适应。根据上文“She had heard ___1___ from her older brothers about how worrying high school could be”可知，Emily听说过高中生活令人担忧，因此会担心自己无法适应。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一到校园，她的恐惧就烟消云散了。A. views视角；B. dreams梦想；C. fears恐惧；D. goals目标。根据上文“Emily felt nervous”和“she was afraid she wouldn’t ___2___”可知，Emily原先是紧张的、害怕的，因此应该是恐惧消失了。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看到了中学时熟悉的面孔，很快就和班里的同学交到了新朋友。A. honest诚实的；B. helpless无助的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“It was the first day of high school for Emily.”和下文“faces from her middle school”可推知，第一天上高中的Emily是看到了中学时熟悉的面孔。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天的第一节课是英语，Emily很高兴见到她的新老师Johnson先生。A. persuade说服；B. meet遇见；C. thank感谢；D. urge催促。根据上文“Her first class of the day was English”可知，Emily在上第一节英语课，因此应该是见到新老师。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始自我介绍，然后让每个学生站起来分享一些关于他们自己的事情。A. encourage鼓励；B. educate教育；C. comfort安慰；D. introduce介绍。根据下文“himself and then asked each student to stand up and share something about themselves”可推知，作为老师的Johnson应该是先介绍自己，再请学生进行分享。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emily听她的同学分享他们的爱好和兴趣，并被他们的多样性所鼓舞。A. shared分享；B. managed管理；C. planned计划；D. admired钦佩。根据上文“then asked each student to stand up and share something about themselves”可知，Emily是在听她的同学们分享爱好和兴趣。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：轮到Emily时，她站了起来，紧张地作了自我介绍。A. gladly高兴地；B. exactly精确地；C. nervously紧张地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“But as she spoke, she gradually gain ___9___. She was happy to be in this new ___10___.”可知，后面Emily的心理发生了转变，变得高兴起来，由此推知，此时做自我介绍的她应该很紧张。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她说着说着，渐渐有了信心。A. success成功；B. experience经验；C. confidence信心；D. strength力量。根据下文“She was happy to be in this new ___10___.”可知，Emily变得高兴起来，再结合这是她第一天上高中的情境可推知，她是逐渐有了信心。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴能在这个新环境中生活。A. career职业；B. environment环境；C. charity慈善；D. village村庄。根据上文描述的Emily是个学生，第一天上高中，来到新的校园和班级可推知，她高兴的是可以在新环境中生活。故选B。
51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师们的知识给她留下了深刻的印象，她发现自己向往剩下的学年。A. frightened害怕的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“by her teachers’ knowledge”可推知，老师们的知识让Emily印象深刻。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师们的知识给她留下了深刻的印象，她发现自己向往剩下的学年。A. going through经历；B. making up编造；C. longing for向往；D. giving up放弃。根据下文“That day, she ___13___ that high school wasn’t as scary as she thought it would be.”可知，Emily觉得高中没有那么可怕了，因此应该是向往高中剩下来的学年。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一天，她意识到高中并没有她想象的那么可怕。A. realized意识到；B. remembered记住；C. doubted怀疑；D. explained解释。根据上文描述的Emily一开始对高中生活充满担忧，后来见到了熟悉的面孔，结交了新的朋友，在英语课堂上自我介绍，变得高兴起来，以及下文“that high school wasn’t as scary as she thought it would be”可推知，她是意识到高中并没有她想象的那么可怕。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对未来如何感到兴奋。A. decision决定；B. future未来；C. habit习惯；D. rule规则。根据上文“She was excited about what the”和下文“held”可推知，future“未来”符合情境，固定表达what the future holds意为“未来如何”，表示Emily对未来如何感到兴奋。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道自己还有很多东西要学，但她已经准备好迎接挑战。A. ready准备好的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. responsible负责的；D. happy开心的。根据上文描述的这是Emily上高中的第一天，她一开始对高中生活充满担忧，后来见到了熟悉的面孔，结交了新的朋友，在英语课堂上自我介绍，变得高兴起来，以及下文“for the challenges”可推知，她是准备好迎接未来的挑战了，固定短语be ready for意为“为……做好准备”。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zu Ti of the Jin Dynasty was a man who had with great ambition. When he was young, he had a good friend ___56___ (name) Liu Kun. They had such a deep friendship ___57___ they stayed together every day and got up at the same time every morning.
One day, when they were sleeping. Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (鸡鸣) . He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about ___58___ (get) up to play swords (剑) as soon as we heard the rooster crowing from now on ” Liu Kun was still ___59___ (sleep) . But he agreed with him ___60___ (joyful) . From then on, they got up and played swords once the rooster began crowing. They kept their word and never gave up no matter ___61___ cold in winter or hot in summer. Hard work ___62___ (pay) off. After a long period of hard study and training, they finally became the all-rounder. And they both did excellent jobs to their country.
The idiom “to rise with the rooster” teaches us that with ambition and hard work, ___63___ (succeed) is possible. When we can discover our shortcomings ___64___ time, it is not too late to try. But if you are not willing ____65____ (work) hard, you will not be able to achieve a career after all.
【答案】56. named
57. that 58. getting
59. sleepy 60. joyfully
61. how 62. paid
63. success
64. in 65. to work
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“闻鸡起舞”的成语故事以及感悟。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他年轻的时候，他有一个好朋友叫刘琨。分析句子结构可知friend与name构成被动关系，故用过去分词做定语。故填named。
【57题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：他们有如此深厚的友谊，以至于每天呆在一起，每天早上都在同一时间起床。根据句意和such可知，此处为结果状语从句such…that…。故填that。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从现在起，我们一听到公鸡叫就起来舞剑怎么样？about是介词，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填getting。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：刘琨仍然很困。作表语，应用形容词sleepy。故填sleepy。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：但他高兴地同意了。修饰动词agree应用副词joyfully，故填joyfully。
【61题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：不管冬天多冷夏天多热，他们都遵守诺言，从不放弃。表示“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句，应用no matter how，修饰cold。故填how。
【62题详解】
考查时态。句意：努力没有白费。根据语境可知描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填paid。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：“闻鸡起舞”这个成语告诉我们，只要有抱负和努力工作，成功是可能的。作主语，应用名词success，不可数。故填success。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：当我们能及时发现自己的缺点时，努力绝不会晚。表示“及时”短语为in time。故填in。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词句意：但如果你不愿意努力，你终究无法成就事业。短语be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”。故填to work。
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号内的中文提示写出正确形式的英文单词。
66. I really like _________ (探险) stories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】adventure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我真的很喜欢探险故事。根据汉语提示和空后的stories可知，这里应用名词adventure，作定语。故填adventure。
67. We’ll _________ (递送) the goods as soon as we can. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】deliver
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们会尽快发货。空前有We’ll，空处应用动词原形。根据汉语提示和空后的the goods，空处应用及物动词deliver。故填deliver。
68. I just spent a holiday there and would ___ (推荐) it to anyone. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recommend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我刚刚在那里度过了一个假期，我会把它推荐给任何人。根据汉语提示可知应填动词recommend，would后跟原形。故填recommend。
69. We have lots of ideas about what to do to add to your _________ (收藏品) . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】collection
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于做什么来增加你的收藏品我们有很多想法，根据汉语提示可知应用名词collection，作宾语，可数名词，此处表示“你的收藏品”，用单数。故填collection。
70. Doctors say too much _________ (压力) is not good for a child’s development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pressure##stress
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生说压力太大不利于孩子的发育。根据汉语提示可知应填名词pressure/stress，作主语，不可数。故填pressure/stress。
71. A 10-year-old girl invented a new kind of window because of her _________ (创造力) . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】creativity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一个10岁的女孩运用她的创造力发明了一种新型窗户。根据汉语提示“创造力”，以及句子结构可知，此处需要不可数名词creativity充当介词of的宾语，故填creativity。
72. He decided to take training courses like a _________ (专业的) player. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】professional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他决定像职业球员一样参加训练课程。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词player，根据提示的汉语，表示“专业的”应为professional符合句意。故填professional。
73. _________ (专心于) on my homework, I didn’t notice they had sat down behind me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Concentrating##Focusing
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我专心做作业，没有注意到他们已经在我后面坐下了。根据汉语提示可知应用动词focus或concentrate，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Concentrating/Focusing。
74. Peter couldn’t see the _________ (好处；益处) of arguing any longer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】benefit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：彼得看不出再争论有什么好处了。根据空前的the和汉语提示，这里应用名词benefit作宾语。根据空后的of arguing any longer可知，这里特指再争论下去的好处，应用名词单数。故填benefit。
75. According to the traditional Chinese _________ (习俗) , 2024 is just the year of the Dragon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】custom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据中国传统习俗，2024年恰好是龙年。根据汉语提示，空处应用名词custom，作宾语。故填custom。
第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据括号内的中文提示完成句子。
76. ______________ (如果你方便的话) , we can see you tomorrow. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】If it’s convenient for you
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你方便的话，我们明天见。分析句子结构并结合汉语提示，设空处应为If it’s convenient for you固定句型，意为“如果你方便的话”，为条件状语从句。故填If it’s convenient for you。
77. What you have done ______________ (可能会对你的同学造成伤害) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】may do harm to your classmates
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词以及固定短语。句意：你的所作所为可能会伤害你的同学。根据汉语提示“可能会对你的同学造成伤害”，以及句子结构可知，此处用作句子的谓语和宾语部分，“对……有害”需要固定短语do harm to，表示“可能”用情态动词may，“同学”的英语是classmate，用作介词to的宾语，此处表示泛指，应使用复数形式。故填may do harm to your classmates。
78. ______________ (由于智能手机的发明) , it’s easy for us to take photos anytime. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Because of the invention of the smartphone##Due to the invention of the smartphone##Thanks to the invention of the smartphone
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于智能手机的发明，我们很容易随时拍照。表示“由于”短语为because of、due to或thanks to；表示“智能手机的发明”短语为the invention of the smartphone。首字母大写。故填Because of/Due to/Thanks to the invention of the smartphone。
79. I come to you ______________ (因我所做的事情向你道歉). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to apologize to you for what I have done
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定短语和宾语从句。句意：我来找你是为了因我所做的事情向你道歉。“因……向……道歉”可表示为apologize to...for...；根据句意，“我”来找你是为了道歉，这里表示目的，所以应用不定式作目的状语。“我所做的事”作for的宾语，应用what引导宾语从句，“我”可表示为I，“做”可表示为do，且这里表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故填to apologize to you for what I have done。
80. Now she has trouble in learning English, ______________ (我们应该全力以赴帮助她). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】so we should go all out to help her
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：现在她学英语有困难，所以我们应该全力以赴帮助她。句子前后表示因果关系，使用连词so，表示“所以”，后句主语为we；表示“应该”使用情态动词should，表示“全力以赴”使用动词短语go all out to do sth.，should后跟动词原形形式，“帮助她”help her。故填so we should go all out to help her。
第三节(满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了以“动物保护”为主题的照片展。请你给外国朋友Eric写一封邮件告诉他相关情况，内容包括：
1. 展览的时间、地点；
2. 展览的内容；
3. 同学们的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
Last Sunday, our school held a photo exhibition with the theme of “Animal Protection”. The exhibition was held in the school hall and exhibited a variety of photos related to animal protection.
The exhibition exhibited the photos taken by our students and teachers, as well as some professional photographers. The photos included some animals’ behaviors, habitats, and interactions with humans. The exhibition received a lot of positive feedback from the students and teachers. Many students were moved by the photos and expressed their desire to do more for animal protection.
If you’re interested in learning more about our school’s activities, please contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，向Eric介绍以“动物保护”为主题的照片展的情况，具体包括：展览的时间、地点，展览的内容，同学们的感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
展出：exhibit→display
各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of
和……有关：related to→connected with
感动的：moved→touched
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The exhibition was held in the school hall and exhibited a variety of photos related to animal protection.
拓展句：The exhibition was held in the school hall, exhibiting a variety of photos related to animal protection.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The exhibition exhibited the photos taken by our students and teachers, as well as some professional photographers.(运用了过去分词短语作后置定语)
【高分句型2】If you’re interested in learning more about our school’s activities, please contact me.(运用了If引导条件状语从句、动名词作宾语、祈使句)

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