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高考英语核心688个词汇421-430
421 grasp [grɑ:sp] v.抓紧；抓牢；理解；领会 n.紧抓，紧握；理解（力）；领会；能力所及
1 It took her a while to fully grasp the complexity of the situation.
她花了一段时间才完全理解这种情况的复杂性。
2 A firm grasp of the basics is essential for advanced study.
牢固掌握基础知识对于深入学习至关重要。
3 The concept of quantum physics is beyond my grasp.
量子物理的概念超出了我的理解能力。"
422 decrease ['di:kri:s,di:'kri:s] v.&n. 降低，减少
Efforts to decrease pollution have been somewhat successful.
减少污染的努力已经取得了一定的成功。
423 beneficial [ beni'fi l] adj.有益的,有利的
1 Word Family
名词 (Noun) benefit: 利益；好处 beneficiary: 受益人
形容词 (Adjective) beneficial: 有益的；有利的
动词 (Verb) benefit: 受益；得到好处
副词 (Adverb) beneficially: 有益地；有利地
II 例句
Finding a mentor can be highly beneficial for career development.
寻找一位导师对职业发展大有裨益。
424 define [di'fain] v.定义，明确
I Word Family
名词 (Noun) definition: 定义
形容词 (Adjective) definite: 明确的；确定的 indefinite: 不确定的；无限期的
动词 (Verb) define: 定义；明确
副词 (Adverb) definitely: 明确地；肯定地 indefinitely: 无限期地；不确定地
II 例句
The role of a teacher is difficult to define.
教师的角色难以定义。
425 vast [vɑ:st] adj.广阔的，巨大的
1 The vast desert stretched out as far as the eye could see.
广袤的沙漠一望无际。
2 The internet offers vast resources for research.
互联网为研究提供了广泛的资源。
426 witness ['witnis] v.目击；n.目击者，证人
1 She was a witness to the accident and gave a statement to the police.
她是事故的目击者，并向警方提供了证词。
2 Historical events have been witnessed by many.
许多历史事件被众多人目击。
427 wrap [r p] v.包裹，覆盖
She wrapped the gift in colorful paper. 她用彩色纸包裹了礼物。
428 candidate ['k ndidit] n.候选人，应试者
She is a strong candidate for the scholarship. 她是这个奖学金的有力候选人。
429 affair [ 'f ] n.公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情；风流韵事
The government official resigned due to a scandalous affair.
由于一起丑闻，那位政府官员辞职了。
430 acquire [ 'kwai ] v.获得，取得；购得
I Word Family
名词 (Noun) acquisition: 获得；收购
形容词 (Adjective) acquisitive: 渴望获得的；贪婪的
动词 (Verb) acquire: 获得；收购
II 例句
1 She acquired a new language during her stay abroad.
她在国外期间学会了一门新语言。
2 The museum acquired several new pieces for its collection.
博物馆为其收藏获得了几件新作品。
【421-430 语境小短文】
In a vast and complex world, understanding the nuances of global affairs is crucial. Professor Johnson, an expert in international relations, always emphasized the importance of being able to grasp the underlying principles that define the dynamics between nations. His lectures were beneficial to students, who were eager to acquire knowledge in this field. He often used historical events as examples, where witnesses played key roles in documenting the truth. As the semester progressed, students were asked to wrap up their findings in a comprehensive report, showcasing their ability to analyze and decrease complex information into digestible insights. Among them, one candidate stood out for her exceptional work, demonstrating a deep understanding of the course material.
【译文】
在一个广阔且复杂的世界中，理解全球事务的细微差别至关重要。国际关系专家约翰逊教授总是强调能够理解定义国与国之间动态的基本原则的重要性。他的讲座对学生们很有益处，学生们渴望在这一领域获得知识。他经常使用历史事件作为例子，其中目击者在记录真相中扮演了关键角色。随着学期的进展，学生们被要求在一份综合报告中总结他们的发现，展示他们分析和将复杂信息简化为易于理解的洞察力的能力。其中，一位候选人因她出色的工作而脱颖而出，展现了对课程材料的深刻理解。
431-440
431 certificate [s 'tifikit] n.证书，证明
The health inspector issued a safety certificate to the restaurant.
卫生检查员为餐厅颁发了安全证书。
432 champion ['t mpj n] n.冠军；v.支持，拥护
1 She was the undisputed champion of the tennis tournament.
她是网球锦标赛的无可争议的冠军。
2 He always champions the rights of the underprivileged.
他总是支持弱势群体的权利。
433 estimate ['estimeit] v.估计，估算
I Word Family
名词 (Noun) estimate: 估计；估算 estimation: 评价；估计
estimator: 估计者；估算器 overestimate: 高估
underestimate: 低估
动词 (Verb) estimate: 估计；估算 overestimate: 高估
underestimate: 低估
形容词 (Adjective) estimated: 估计的；预计的
II 例句
The contractor estimated the cost of the project to be around $10,000.
承包商估计项目的成本约为10,000美元。
434 exhausted [ig'z :stid] adj.精疲力竭的；耗尽的，枯竭的
1 After running the marathon, she felt completely exhausted.
跑完马拉松后，她感到彻底筋疲力尽。
2 The resources of the mine have been almost exhausted.
矿井的资源几乎已经耗尽。
435 refresh [ri'fre ] v.使恢复精力，使凉爽；刷新
1 A short break can refresh your mind and increase productivity.
短暂的休息可以使你的头脑恢复清醒并提高生产力。
2 Please refresh the webpage to see the latest updates.
请刷新网页以查看最新更新。
436 contract ['k ntr kt] n.合同；v.订合同；收缩；感染（疾病），得（病）
1 The two companies signed a contract for the supply of raw materials.
这两家公司签订了一份原材料供应合同。
2 Muscles contract and relax during exercise.
运动期间，肌肉会收缩和放松。
437 critical ['kr t kl] adj.批评的；关键的，决定性的；危急的
I Word Family
名词 (Noun) critic: 评论家；批评者 criticism: 批评；评论
形容词 (Adjective) critical: 批评的；关键的；危急的 uncritical: 无批评的；不加批判的
动词 (Verb) criticize: 批评；评论
副词 (Adverb) critically: 批评地；关键地；危急地 uncritically: 无批判地；盲目地
II 例句
1 The patient is in critical condition and requires immediate surgery.
病人情况危急，需要立即手术。
2 Making the right decision at this moment is critical to our success.
在这一刻做出正确的决定对我们的成功至关重要。
438 civil ['s vl] adj.国民的，平民的；国家的，政府的（非宗教或军事的）；民事的（非刑事的）；有礼貌的，客气的
Civil rights are an essential part of a democratic society.
民权是民主社会的重要组成部分。
439 compose [k m'p z] v.组成，构成；创作（音乐、文学等）
1 Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氢和氧组成。
2 The composer took years to compose his symphony.
作曲家花了多年时间创作他的交响曲。
440 splendid ['splend d] adj.极好的，壮丽的
They gave a splendid performance that captivated the audience.
他们表演得极好，吸引了观众。
【431-440 语境小短文】
After years of hard work and dedication, Anna finally received her certificate in architectural design, a splendid achievement that filled her with pride. She had always been a champion for sustainable living, advocating for green spaces in urban areas. To support her cause, she needed to compose a proposal that would estimate the environmental benefits and costs accurately. Despite feeling exhausted from the endless nights of research, she found the energy to refresh her commitment to her cause every morning.
The project reached a critical stage when it was time to negotiate the contract with the city officials. It was a civil discussion, focused on how her ideas could benefit the community. Anna knew the importance of being articulate and persuasive in these discussions, aware that any oversight could lead to her proposals being underestimated or overlooked.
Her efforts paid off when the city agreed to implement her green space project, a testament to her hard work and the critical role of her architectural expertise. Anna's journey was a perfect example of how dedication and a clear vision could lead to splendid results, transforming urban landscapes for the better.
【译文】
经过多年的辛勤工作和奉献，安娜最终获得了建筑设计的证书，这是一个令她骄傲的极好的成就。她一直是可持续生活的捍卫者，提倡在城市地区增加绿地。为了支持她的事业，她需要撰写一份提案，准确地估计环境效益和成本。尽管感到筋疲力尽，她每天早上都能找到能量，重新激发她对事业的承诺。
项目在与市政官员协商合同时达到了一个关键阶段。这是一次文明的讨论，重点是她的想法如何能够惠及社区。安娜知道在这些讨论中表达清晰和有说服力的重要性，意识到任何疏忽都可能导致她的提案被低估或忽视。
当城市同意实施她的绿地项目时，她的努力得到了回报，这证明了她的辛勤工作和她的建筑专业知识的关键作用。安娜的旅程是一个完美的例子，展示了奉献和清晰的愿景如何能够带来极好的结果，使城市景观向好的方向转变。
441-450
441 strike [stra k] v.打，击；侵袭，爆发； 突然想到，一下子想起，猛地意识到；罢工 n.罢工；袭击；（尤指）空袭；击；打 （strike- struck -struck）
1 The workers decided to strike for better wages and working conditions.
工人们决定罢工以争取更好的工资和工作条件。
2 A brilliant idea struck her while she was taking a shower.
她在洗澡时突然想到了一个绝妙的主意。
442 threaten ['θretn] v.威胁，恐吓
He threatened to leave if the situation didn't improve.
他威胁说如果情况没有改善就要离开。
443 tragedy ['tr d di] n.悲剧；悲惨事件
The sudden death of the young athlete was a tragedy that shook the community.
这位年轻运动员的突然去世是震撼社区的一场悲剧。
444 transform [tr ns'f m] v.转换，变形
1 The caterpillar will transform into a butterfly. 这只毛毛虫将变成一只蝴蝶。
2 Digital technology has transformed the way we communicate.
数字技术已经改变了我们的沟通方式。
445 trial ['tra l] n.试验；审讯，审判
1 The new medicine is currently under clinical trial. 这种新药目前正在进行临床试验。
2 He will stand trial for his involvement in the robbery. 他将因参与抢劫而受审。
446 fantasy ['f nt si] n.幻想，奇幻
The book transports readers to a world of fantasy and magic.
这本书将读者带入一个充满幻想和魔法的世界。
447 fetch [fet ] v.取来，拿来
Could you fetch me a glass of water, please 你能给我拿杯水来吗？
448 frequently ['fri:kw ntli] adv.频繁地，经常地
The issue has been discussed frequently at meetings. 这个问题在会议上被频繁讨论。
449 glance [glɑ:ns] v. 瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视；n.一瞥，一看
1 She took a quick glance at her watch. 她快速地看了一眼她的手表。
2 At first glance, the problem seems easy to solve. 乍一看，这个问题似乎很容易解决。
450 assume [ 'sju:m] v.假设，假定；承担，采取
1 Let's assume for a moment that you're right. 假设一下，你是对的。
2 She assumed responsibility for the project. 她承担了这个项目的责任。
【441-450语境小短文】
In the quiet town of Eldridge, a sudden strike of lightning illuminated the sky, threatening the peaceful evening. This event was a prelude to a series of unfortunate events that would transform the town forever. Among them was the tragedy of the old mill burning down, a place full of history and memories. As the community tried to cope with the loss, they faced a trial that tested their resilience and unity.
Amidst these challenges, young Emily found escape in her fantasy world, where dragons soared and heroes triumphed. One day, while she was frequently visiting her favorite spot by the lake, an idea struck her – why not organize a play to bring the town together She quickly glanced around, imagining the stage set right there by the water. Determined, she went to fetch her friends to share her plan, assuming they'd be just as excited. Her initiative sparked a light of hope, reminding everyone that even in the darkest times, a community can find ways to rebuild and heal.
【译文】
在埃尔德里奇的宁静小镇上，一道突如其来的闪电照亮了天空，威胁着平和的夜晚。这一事件是一系列不幸事件的序幕，这些事件将永远改变这个小镇。其中包括老磨坊烧毁的悲剧，那是一个充满历史和回忆的地方。随着社区试图应对损失，他们面临了一个考验他们韧性和团结的审判。
在这些挑战中，年轻的艾米莉在她的幻想世界中找到了逃避的方式，那里有龙在翱翔，英雄们获得了胜利。一天，当她经常去湖边她最喜欢的地方时，一个想法突然闪现在她的脑海中——为什么不组织一场戏剧来让小镇团结起来呢？她迅速环顾四周，想象着舞台就设在水边。她决心去找她的朋友们分享她的计划，假设他们会同样兴奋。她的主动性点燃了希望之光，提醒着每个人，即使在最黑暗的时刻，一个社区也能找到重建和治愈的方式。

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