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常德市一中2023年下学期高二年级期末考试试卷
英 语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do with his money
A. Book a holiday. B. Take a course. C. Buy a car.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Look at this picture. I must visit this island. It’s so beautiful. I’m going to take a holiday there.
M: I was saving for a holiday, but now I decide to spend the money on a car instead.
W: I prefer experiences that teach me something.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do next
A. Have a walk. B. Finish their work. C. Watch the weather report.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: This weather is perfect for a walk.
M: Yes, it’s a pity I have so much work to do.
W: Come on. You deserve a good break. Let’s go outside and enjoy ourselves.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Waiter and customer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We do need another bookshelf for our daughter in this room. She loves reading books. But the problem is that we need more space for it.
W: How about moving the old dining table to the kitchen
M: That’s a good idea.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel about the exam
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Angry.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How do you feel about your performance in the exam I’m worried I might fail.
W: Oh, I’m pretty certain to pass. I think I’ll get a very high mark.
M: My parents will be so angry if I fail.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does Eric usually get to work
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, it’s a surprise to see you catching a bus to work, Eric. Where’s your car
M: It’s under repair, so I had to decide between this and the train.
W: The bus is slower, but it’s a lot cheaper than the train.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where are the speakers probably
A. On the beach. B. At a hotel. C. In a castle.
7. What problem did the woman have
A. She couldn’t open the window.
B. She didn’t like the view.
C. She lost her key.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Mrs. Evans. How are you enjoying your stay Is everything OK with your room
W: Oh, I love the room. I like the view of the beach and the castle.
M: It’s beautiful, isn’t it Glad you like it.
W: There’s just one thing I’d like to mention. I can’t open the window. I tried several times. Does it need a key or something
M: Oh, I’m not sure. I’ll send someone to check that for you.
W: OK, thank you. Apart from that, everything is great.
M: I’m glad to hear it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the man
A. An animal expert. B. A teacher. C. A designer.
9. What does the girl think is difficult
A. To learn about all kinds of animals.
B. To use the scissors correctly.
C. To make a paper elephant.
10. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Wild elephants. B. School supplies. C. Paper folding art.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: OK, class, let’s do some paper folding art — we’ll be making a paper elephant. First of all, get a piece of paper and fold it like this.
W: Have I folded it correctly, sir
M: Yes, that’s right. Now, these next three folds are really important. You need to pay attention, because if you get this wrong, it will totally ruin the wild elephant. Fold it like this, this and this.
W: It’s quite difficult making this elephant. Maybe we should have started on something easier, like a flower, sir.
M: Actually, flowers are quite hard — so are lions. A boat would have been better for a beginner, as it’s not that difficult. Right, get some sharp scissors and cut it, like this.
W: Are these its ears
M: You’ll see. Now, open it up.
W: Oh, wow, an elephant! That’s brilliant, sir!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the problem with the office
A. There are no chairs.
B. There is no coffee maker.
C. There are no windows.
12. Which magazine does the woman have on her desk
A. Times. B. Wealth. C. The New York Times.
13. What does the woman offer to do for Bob
A. Lend him her computer.
B. Buy him a magazine.
C. Make him a coffee.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Bob, come in. This is my new office.
M: Wow, it’s great. There is so much furniture, such as the sofa, the armchair.
W: How about my desk Isn’t it beautiful
M: Yes. Look at that! Is that a new computer
W: Yes, it is, the latest model.
M: But there aren’t any windows here.
W: Yeah, it’s a pity.
M: Is that a new Times magazine on your desk
W: Yes, it is. There are some more copies in the cupboard.
M: That’s a great magazine. I love it.
W: I also have other magazines like Wealth, The New York Times in my house, not here. You can borrow them anytime you want to. Would you like a cup of coffee
M: Sure. Is there a coffee maker here
W: Yes, there is. There is everything in this office.
M: You’re lucky.
W: Yes, I am. You are welcome anytime. Now, let’s make a coffee.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why is Paul surprised
A. The café is busy.
B. He missed the notice.
C. A conference was canceled.
15. How many people will work today
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
16. What has been removed from the menu
A. Cheese. B. Ham. C. Vegetables.
17. What will Paul probably do next
A. Butter some bread.
B. Cut some cheese.
C. Prepare the vegetables.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Ah, Paul. Thank goodness you were able to come in at short notice. I don’t know what we would do without you.
M: Wow, the café’s busy today. What’s going on I’ve never seen it like this.
W: There’s a big conference at one of the office buildings down the street, and I think everyone has decided to come here for lunch.
M: It certainly looks like it.
W: It was too much for Jane and me to deal with, but now you are here to help. Things should be easier.
M: What shall I do first
W: Well, someone left the ham out of the fridge last night, so I’ve had to take that off the menu. If you could spread butter on some bread, that would be a great help. I’ve already cut some cheese and prepared the vegetables.
M: OK, I’ll do that right away. Don’t worry. We’ll soon get everyone served.
W: I hope so. I started to get nervous when I saw all these people, but I didn’t want to turn anyone away. That’s why I called you.
M: I’m glad I could help. It’s a good thing to have lots of customers. It shows the place is popular.
W: You’re right.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Why did Maria go to Australia
A. For studying animals.
B. For an expert meeting.
C. For a holiday.
19. What did Maria first think when she found the snake
A. It was not real. B. It was dangerous. C. It was dead.
20. Who first took the snake outside
A. An animal charity. B. Maria’s relative. C. A zookeeper.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Welcome back to Radio Glasgow, and now we have an unusual story. A woman from Glasgow found an unexpected item in her suitcase when she returned from a holiday in Australia. It was a snake. When Maria Boxall first saw the snake, she thought it was a toy snake, which was placed there as a joke by a member of her family. But she quickly realized it was not a joke — when she touched it, it moved. Without knowing, she had transported the snake in her case on a flight from Queensland to Glasgow. She only discovered it hiding in a shoe, as she started to unpack in her home. She was very frightened when she realized what had happened and quickly ran out of the room. The snake was later taken outside, still in the shoe, by a relative and kept there until an animal charity arrived to deal with it. Experts said the snake was not dangerous. The snake is now being held at an animal rescue center. When it has been examined by experts and declared healthy, it will probably be given to a Scottish zoo. This has been the news from Radio Glasgow. And now a look at today’s weather.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共 15个小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Window Cleaning Available
Professional traditional method only (mop and blade)! Cleaning glass for over 10 years! Prices start from ￡3.50 to￡7.00. Disabled discounts available! No chemicals! We have space available on our round covering all areas of the west Midlands.
Phone: 07775 359361
Smart Home
At Smart Home we provide our clients with a range of home assistant services, including pre move-in and post renovation cleaning, pest control, air-conditioning maintenance and deep cleaning services.
Phone: 08825 378451
Healing, Balance And Relaxing Massage (按摩)Therapies
Focus on high-quality service and customer satisfaction! A variety of offerings to choose from!
-Relaxing massage￡25/hour
-Hot stone massage￡35/hour
-Deep tissue massage￡30/hour
Special offer! Add the Indian head massage for only extra￡10
Phone: 07432 256741
Year 2-6 Math And English Tutoring
I am an A level student currently studying Biology, Chemistry and Physics. I achieved a B in Math and a B in English GCSE level of education. I am keen on tutoring children from year 2 to year 6 in order to prepare them for their SATS in both year 2 and year 6 and help them achieve the best level possible.
Phone: 07446 251339
21. If customers need thorough household cleaning service, they should _______.
A. call 07446 251339 B. call 07432 256741
C. call 07775 359361 D. call 08825 378451
22. Two hours’ hot stone massage and extra Indian head massage will cost you _________.
A. ￡45. B. ￡80.
C. ￡70. D. ￡35.
23. Which advertisement can provide service to improve academic performance
A. Smart Home.
B. Window Cleaning Available.
C. Year 2-6 Math And English Tutoring.
D. Healing, Balance And Relaxing Massage Therapies.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要分为四个部分，分别介绍了四则广告。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Smart Home部分中的“At Smart Home we provide our clients with a range of home assistant services, including pre move-in and post renovation cleaning, pest control, air-conditioning maintenance and deep cleaning services.(在智能家居，我们为客户提供一系列家居助理服务，包括入住前和装修后的清洁、害虫防治、空调维修和深度清洁服务)”及“Phone: 08825 378451”可知，如果客户需要彻底的家庭清洁服务，他们应该拨打08825 378451。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Healing, Balance And Relaxing Massage (按摩)Therapies部分中的“-Hot stone massage￡35/hour(热石按摩35英镑/小时)”及“Add the Indian head massage for only extra￡10(加上印度式头部按摩只需要额外的10英镑)”可知，两个小时的热石按摩和额外的印度头部按摩将花费你80英镑。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Year 2-6 Math And English Tutoring(2-6年级的数学和英语辅导)部分中的“I am keen on tutoring children from year 2 to year 6 in order to prepare them for their SATS in both year 2 and year 6 and help them achieve the best level possible.(我热衷于辅导二年级到六年级的孩子，以帮助他们为二年级和六年级的SATS做准备，并帮助他们达到最好的水平)”可知，2-6年级的数学和英语辅导可以提供服务，以提高学习成绩。故选C。
B
Zhou Dongyu was born into an ordinary family in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province in early 1992. In 2010, Zhang Yimou chose Zhou from more than 8,000 actresses to star in Under the Hauthorn Tree, and she soon became known to the people of her hometown after winning Best Actress at the 56th Valladolid International Film Festival in Spain, the Outstanding New Actress Award at the 14th China Huabiao Awards and Best New Performer at the 20th Shanghai Film Critics Association Awards for her role in Under the Hauthorn Tree.
The luck of the young actress continued from there. In 2011 she was admitted to the Beijing Film Academy (BFA), China’s most respected film school.
In the three years there, Zhou received a number of film offers and starred in several, but the characters always seemed the same. “I’m always that innocent girl—the first-love type,” she once lamented. She felt the need to break out of the pigeonhole(禁锢). In 2013, Zhou auditioned(试演) for a small role in Breakup Buddies. “Actually, the director turned me down at first. But days later, he called me in for an audition. ‘I have to land this role’ was all I could think on the way to the audition. It was the perfect opportunity to change my image.” During her audition, Zhou was asked to do some name-calling. Two days later, she was told that she had been cast as a rural hairdresser, turning her previous lovable, innocent image upside down and resulting in the most memorable female character in the film.
After Breakup Buddies, Zhou began to receive a wider variety of offers, and she ended up playing an ill-tempered genius in The Ark of Mr. Chow and an agent in the TV drama Sparrow. “I still need to further improve my skills by playing different characters,” says Zhou. “By doing this, I get a deeper understanding of a wider variety of people I might not have otherwise ever known.”
24. What can we know of Zhou when she was 18
A. She hit the big time. B. She became world famous.
C. She performed in a senior high school. D. She directed Under the Hawthorn Tree.
25. What does the underlined word “lamented” mean in the third paragraph
A. Explained patiently. B. Sighed sadly. C. Said proudly. D. Admitted unwillingly.
26. Which of the following marks the change in Zhou’s acting style
A. Under the Hawthorn Tree. B. The Ark of Mr. Chow.
C. Breakup Buddies. D. Sparrow.
27. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By giving descriptions. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By giving examples.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了周冬雨的成名之路及其参演的相关作品。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“in early 1992”及第二句中的“In 2010, Zhang Yimou chose Zhou from more than 8,000 actresses to star in Under the Hawthorn Tree, and she soon became known to the people of her hometown（2010年，张艺谋从8000多名女演员中挑选了周出演《山楂树之恋》，她很快就被家乡的人们所熟知。）”可知，周冬雨出生于1992年。2010年，即在她18岁的时候，她因主演《山楂树之恋》一举成名。故选A。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第三段内容尤其是画线词所在句中的“I’m always that innocent girl—the first-love type（我一直是那种天真的女孩——初恋类型。）”及第四段第一句“She felt the need to break out of the pigeonhole(禁锢).（她觉得有必要打破常规）”可知，此处表示周冬雨总是饰演天真的女孩，即初恋的类型，而她觉得有必要打破这种禁锢。由此可推知，画线词lamented应意为“痛惜，对……表示失望”，此处指悲伤地叹气，与B项意思相近。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“turning her previous lovable, innocent image upside down and resulting in the most memorable female character in the film（将她之前可爱、天真的形象彻底颠覆，成为电影中最令人难忘的女性角色）”可知，《心花路放》中周冬雨饰演的角色颠覆了她之前可爱、天真的形象，并让她成为了这部电影中最令人难忘的女性角色。由此可知，《心花路放》标志着周冬雨表演风格的改变。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文并结合文中的时间状语“In early 1992”、“In 2010”、“In 2011”和“In 2013”可知，本文是按照时间顺序展开叙述的。故选B。
C
A lot of manufactured glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate(碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items, but it doesn’t break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years. A team of Chinese scientists aimed to deal with this environmental concern by developing an eco-conscious alternative.
In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances, a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Process Engineering describe how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids(氨基酸). That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months.
In a test, glass beads(玻璃珠) made out of amino acids were placed under the skin of mice, and the breakdown of the bead and the skin healing process were observed for 30days. A diagram from the study shows how the mice’s bodies broke down the beads. In that month, the glass implant degraded beneath the skin, the wound site healed, and fur grew back. “Throughout the experimental period, no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation, and none of them experienced obvious weight loss,” the researchers wrote in their paper.
Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment, this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass, because amino acids can break down quickly in heat. In order to overcome this hurdle, the researchers chemically modified the amino acids using the heating-cooling procedure applied in glass manufacturing. This is when materials for the glass are heated to become soft and then rapidly cooled so as to make the glass tougher.
“It’s important to point out that this biodegradable glass is currently in the lab stage, and far from large-scale commercialization,” emphasized Yan Xuehai, a professor involved in the study, in a press release.
28. What is an advantage of the new glass
A. It takes less time to break down.
B. It can be recycled at a low cost.
C. It is produced without pollution.
D. It has a wide range of applications.
29. Why did researchers implant glass beads inside mice
A. To assess whether the glass is biologically harmless.
B. To investigate why amino acids are medically useful.
C. To explore how long it takes for the glass to degrade.
D. To observe if the glass can be melt down in mice’s stomach.
30. What does the underlined word “hurdle” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The challenge of improving the heating-cooling procedure.
B. Environmental problems caused by traditional glass.
C. The difficulty of selecting materials for the glass.
D. The instability of amino acids.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Amin o Acids Make Glass Tougher
B. Amin o Acids Cast New Light on Science
C. Biodegradable Glass: Closer to Sustainability
D. Biodegradable Glass: Ready to Hit the Market
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A lot of manufactured glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate(碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items, but it doesn’t break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years.”（今天，许多由沙子和碳酸钠制成的人造玻璃可以重复使用或熔化，再循环制成新物品，但它不会在环境中分解，将在垃圾填埋场中放置数千年。）和第二段中“That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months.”（这种玻璃对环境的影响较小，可以在几周或几个月内分解。）可知，新型玻璃的优点是它需要更少的时间来分解。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Throughout the experimental period, no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation, and none of them experienced obvious weight loss.”（在整个实验期间，没有老鼠表现出可能由玻璃植入引起的任何与疼痛相关的行为，也没有老鼠出现明显的体重减轻。）可知，研究人员要在老鼠体内植入玻璃珠是为了评估玻璃在生物学上是否无害。故选A项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段，尤其是该划线单词的前一句“Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment, this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass, because amino acids can break down quickly in heat.”（虽然氨基酸在环境中会随着时间的推移而降解，但这种可生物降解的玻璃不如传统玻璃耐用，因为氨基酸在加热下会迅速分解。）可知，这种氨基酸玻璃确实可以随着时间的推移而降解，但是它却不如传统的玻璃那样经久耐用，因为氨基酸在加热下会迅速分解。由此可推知，下文中的“hurdle”指的是氨基酸的不稳定性。故选D项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances, a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Process Engineering describe how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids(氨基酸).”（在最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究中，中国科学院过程工程研究所的一个团队描述了他们是如何设计出由氨基酸制成的可生物降解玻璃的。）可知，文章主要讲的是中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。故文章最好的标题是“可生物降解玻璃：更接近可持续性”。故选C项。
D
In late September, 2023, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission (任务) delivered bits of rock and dust collected from a distant asteroid (小行星) to Earth. The sample, from the asteroid named Bennu, is the first of its kind brought to the United States. Now, the public can see the asteroid’s rocky debris (碎片) on display at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History a few days ago.
Scientists think the 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid is composed of some of the solar system’s oldest materials, formed in dying stars before the planets existed. Examining this ancient matter could hold clues about how organic materials first arrived on Earth, so NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission in 2016 to collect samples from Bennu’s surface. The spacecraft arrived at the asteroid in 2018, surveyed the rock for an ideal collection site and ultimately took a sample back to Earth in 2020. Recently, an initial examination of the sample revealed evidence of a high carbon content and water on Bennu.
When the team was unpacking their sample, they found that “bonus” material from the asteroid covered the collector. The presence (存在) of this extra matter delayed NASA’s processing of the sample. “The very best ‘problem’ to have is that there is so much material that it’s taking longer than we expected to collect it,” said Christopher Snead, the OSIRIS-REx deputy sample curator. Next, more of the material from Bennu will go on display at the museum. In the next two years, scientists will continue analyzing the sample and will save at least 70 percent of the Bennu rocks for further research.
NASA administrator Bill Nelson believes that studying Bennu samples will advance our understanding of the solar system for generations. It promises to shed light on (弄明白) what makes our planet unique. By studying this 4.5-billion-year-old sample and sharing it with the public, NASA aims to inspire future scientists and encourage them to explore new fields.
32. What is the mission of OSIRIS-REx
A. To search for alien life on Bennu.
B. To collect a sample from an asteroid.
C. To explore the origin of the solar system.
D. To study the impact of space debris on Earth.
33. What can we know from paragraph 2
A. There is carbon and water on Bennu.
B. Bennu is the oldest star in the solar system.
C. Bennu played a key role in the evolution of life on Earth.
D. It took two years for scientists to locate an ideal collection site.
34. Why was the study process delayed
A. The sample was difficult to collect.
B. The spacecraft had technical problems.
C. The collector was covered by additional material.
D. The examination of the material takes lots of time.
35. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The significance of studying the Bennu sample.
B. The purpose of displaying samples at the museum.
C. NASA’s further plans for the research on Bennu rocks.
D. NASA’s efforts to inspire scientists to explore new fields.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是2023年9月下旬，美国宇航局的OSIRIS-REx任务将从一颗遥远的小行星收集的岩石和尘埃带回了地球。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The sample, from the asteroid named Bennu, is the first of its kind brought to the United States.(该样本来自名为Bennu的小行星，是第一个被带到美国的此类样本。)”和第二段“Examining this ancient matter could hold clues about how organic materials first arrived on Earth, so NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission in 2016 to collect samples from Bennu’s surface.(研究这种古老的物质可以提供有机物质如何首次到达地球的线索，因此美国宇航局于2016年启动了OSIRIS-REx任务，从Bennu表面收集样本。)”可知，OSIRIS-REx的任务是从小行星上采集样本。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, an initial examination of the sample revealed evidence of a high carbon content and water on Bennu.(最近，对样本的初步检查显示，Bennu上存在高碳含量和水的证据。)”可知，从第二段我们可以知道Bennu岛上有碳和水。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When the team was unpacking their sample, they found that “bonus” material from the asteroid covered the collector. The presence (存在) of this extra matter delayed NASA’s processing of the sample.(当团队打开样本时，他们发现来自小行星的“额外”物质覆盖了收集器。这种额外物质的存在推迟了NASA对样品的处理。)”可知，研究过程被推迟了是因为收集器被额外的材料覆盖着。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“NASA administrator Bill Nelson believes that studying Bennu samples will advance our understanding of the solar system for generations. It promises to shed light on (弄明白) what makes our planet unique. By studying this 4.5-billion-year-old sample and sharing it with the public, NASA aims to inspire future scientists and encourage them to explore new fields.(美国国家航空航天局局长Bill Nelson认为，研究本努的样本将在未来几代人里推进我们对太阳系的了解。它有望揭示是什么让我们的星球与众不同。通过研究这个45亿年前的样本并与公众分享，美国宇航局旨在激励未来的科学家，鼓励他们探索新的领域。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是Bennu样本研究的意义。故选A。
第二节 (共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。
Europeans and other western nations have controlled car industry for over a century. But a newcomer will soon be running after them at their heels. ___36___ It is more than ten years since they did better than America to become the most productive car-makers in the world. China is producing the best cars in the world, and on the way to controlling car production. ___37___
China has gradually built its car-making capabilities during different periods. ___38___ And then its state-owned companies reached arrangements with western makers like General Motors in the 1980s. This produced cars that were far better designed, and soon China’s roads were becoming busy with western clones.
___39___ It still pays relatively low wages and has millions of skilled workers. Skilled workers are important to reduce the costs because they make vehicles that need fewer rebuilds. Some Chinese vehicles in the past ten years haven’t had the design expected by western buyers, so haven’t sold in enough cars in Europe to worry the western makers. ___40___ Chinese-designed and built vehicles are not far behind in their design, and starting to enter European markets. Xpeng is one Chinese start-up that only produces electric vehicles. Having sold well in China, it is making its first moves into Europe via Norway with its G3 model. The next revolution in car industry is replacing petrol vehicles with electric. With all of China’s advantages, it could finally become the home of the best cars in the world.
A. How did this happen
B. Yet this is changing rapidly.
C. These cars sold well at home and abroad.
D. The Chinese are not exactly newcomers.
E. China also has excellent shipping links, like Shanghai.
F. China is also in a good position to build cars for the right price.
G. It originally began making Soviet-designed vehicles in the 1950s.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国汽车制造业的巨大发展及其优势。
【36题详解】
上文“But a newcomer will soon be running after them at their heels.”（但一个新来者很快就会紧随其后。）说明汽车行业将迎来后起之秀，并结合下文“It is more than ten years since they did better than America to become the most productive car-makers in the world.”（十多年来，他们比美国做得更好，成为世界上产量最高的汽车制造商。）说明新加入的汽车制造商潜力巨大，D项“The Chinese are not exactly newcomers.”（中国人并不是真正的新来者。）其中“newcomers”照应上文的“newcomer”，并引出下文具体解释，因为中国的汽车制造商十多年来一直比美国做的好，所以并非真正的新来者，衔接恰当。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“China is producing the best cars in the world, and on the way to controlling car production.”（中国正在生产世界上最好的汽车，并且正在控制汽车生产。）说明了中国汽车制造业的发展，并结合下文对中国汽车制造业的优势分析可知，A项“How did this happen ”（这是怎么发生的 ）承上启下，引出下文对中国汽车制造业发展原因的分析，衔接恰当。故选A项。
【38题详解】
上文“China has gradually built its car-making capabilities during different periods.”（中国在不同时期逐步建立了自己的汽车制造能力。）说明中国汽车制造业是逐步发展壮大的，G项“It originally began making Soviet-designed vehicles in the 1950s.”（它最初在20世纪50年代开始生产苏联设计的汽车。）追溯中国汽车制造的历史，衔接下文第二个发展阶段“And then its state-owned companies reached arrangements with western makers like General Motors in the 1980s.”（然后，上世纪80年代，中国的国有企业与通用汽车等西方制造商达成了协议。）衔接恰当。故选G项。
【39题详解】
下文“It still pays relatively low wages and has millions of skilled workers. Skilled workers are important to reduce the costs because they make vehicles that need fewer rebuilds.”（它仍然支付相对较低的工资，并拥有数百万熟练工人。技术工人对降低成本很重要，因为他们生产的汽车需要更少的重建。）说明中国的人口优势有利于降低生产成本，F项“China is also in a good position to build cars for the right price.”（中国在以合适的价格生产汽车方面也处于有利地位。）衔接后文恰当。故选F项。
【40题详解】
上文“Some Chinese vehicles in the past ten years haven’t had the design expected by western buyers, so haven’t sold in enough cars in Europe to worry the western makers.”（过去10年，一些中国汽车的设计并没有达到西方买家的预期，因此在欧洲的销量不够，所以并没有让西方制造商感到担忧。）说明了过去中国汽车在欧洲遭遇的困境，并结合下文“Chinese-designed and built vehicles are not far behind in their design, and starting to enter European markets.”（中国设计和制造的汽车在设计上并不落后，并开始进入欧洲市场。）说明中国汽车在欧洲遭遇的困境即将迎来转机，B项“Yet this is changing rapidly.”（然而，这种情况正在迅速改变。）承上启下，与上文构成转折关系，并引出下文具体的改变，衔接恰当。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I moved to Washington D.C, I left all of my friends behind. ____41____ new acquaintances to home-cooked meals was my best ____42____ to make new friends. Given that my food was pretty good, everyone was soon asking me for the ____43____, which was how Bun Bo Bae, my cooking blog came into being.
In hindsight (事后看来), I’ve probably been ____44____ to start a food blog. I spent most of my childhood in the kitchen with my mom. I would watch her cook, ____45____ a lot of knowledge of cooking. To my ____46____, I left for college before I could learn my mom's best dishes.
I went to France to study. I was ____47____ alone for the first time in my life. There were no roommates, dorms or dining halls. I was ____48____ homesick. So, I started calling my mom and asking for the recipes for my favorite dishes. As it ____49____, my mom didn’t have any recipes. She just taught me how to cook intuitively (凭直觉地); thus, I learned to cook by ____50____ and feeling my food.
Bun Bo Bae was initially a space for me to put what I learned into writing. I wanted to write down every ____51____ I was given in detail. Later on, I ____52____ more. I created some recipes by myself. Soon my food blog and follower count grew.
Bun Bo Bae increased my ____53____ at work. I knew I was a great cook, but I had no idea how to make a website. So I taught myself web building. And the ____54____ helped me land my job at NPR, where one of my recipes was ____55____ in a famous cafeteria.
41.
A. Comparing B. Limiting C. Entertaining D. Abusing
42.
A. quality B. attempt C. service D. wish
43.
A. menus B. associations C. instructions D. recipes
44.
A. bound B. willing C. ready D. hesitant
45.
A. reviewing B. applying C. acquiring D. sharing
46.
A. joy B. regret C. relief D. astonishment
47.
A. working B. travelling C. expanding D. living
48.
A. desperately B. occasionally C. hardly D. surprisingly
49.
A. worked out B. paid off C. turned out D. went off
50.
A. touching B. tasting C. storing D. producing
51.
A. suggestion B. sample C. option D. command
52.
A. fixed B. struggled C. experimented D. deserved
53.
A. duty B. patience C. income D. confidence
54.
A. skills B. recommendations C. posts D. friends
55.
A. designed B. selected C. replaced D. promoted
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者创建Bun Bo Bae博客的过程以及这对她的影响。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：招待新认识的人吃家常菜是我结交新朋友的最好尝试。A. Comparing比较；B. Limiting限制；C. Entertaining款待；D. Abusing滥用。由下文“home-cooked meals”可知，作者这里指用家常菜“款待”朋友。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：招待新认识的人吃家常菜是我结交新朋友的最好尝试。A. quality 质量；B. attempt尝试；C. service服务；D. wish希望。由下文“make new friend”以及结合语境可知，这里指用家常菜认识新朋友是作者最好的“尝试”。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鉴于我的食物很好，很快每个人都问我食谱，这就是我的烹饪博客Bun Bo Bae的由来。A. menus菜单；B. associations协会；C. instructions说明；D. recipes配方，食谱。由上文“my food was pretty good”可知，这里指由于菜不错，朋友问作者要“食谱”。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事后看来，我可能已经注定要开一个美食博客了。A. bound一定的；B. willing愿意的；C. ready准备好的；D. hesitant犹豫不决的。由后文“I spent most of my childhood in the kitchen with my mom”以及语境可知，作者从小和食物打交道，所以这里指作者“一定”要开一个美食博客。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看着她做饭，学习很多烹饪知识。A. reviewing复习；B. applying申请；C. acquiring获得；D. sharing共享。由上文“I would watch her cook”可知，作者看母亲做饭，所以“获得”了很多烹饪知识。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我遗憾的是，我还没来得及学会妈妈最好的菜就去上大学了。A. joy喜悦；B. regret遗憾；C. relief解脱；D. astonishment惊奇。由下文“before I could learn my mom’s best dishes”可知，作者还没有学到母亲最好的菜就离开去上大学了，所以比较“遗憾”。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有生以来第一次独自生活。A. working工作；B. travelling旅行；C. expanding扩展；D. living活着。由上文“I went to France to study”可知，这里指作者独自一人“生活着”。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我非常想家。A. desperately非常地；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. hardly几乎没有；D. surprisingly惊人地。由下文“I started calling my mom and asking for the recipes for my favorite dishes.”可知，作者“非常”想家。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：事实证明，我妈妈没有任何食谱。A. worked out算出；B. paid off见成效；C. turned out结果是；D. went off爆炸。由下文“my mom didn’t have any recipes”以及语境可知，这里表示“结果证明”，作者妈妈是没有任何食谱，全凭感觉。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只是凭直觉教我如何做饭；因此，我通过品尝和感受食物来学习烹饪。A. touching触摸；B. tasting品尝；C. storing储存；D. producing生产。由下文“feeling my food”可知，作者这里指通过“品尝”和感受食物来做菜。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想把收到的每一个建议都详细地写下来。A. suggestion建议；B. sample样品；C. option选项；D. command命令。由上文“everyone was soon asking me for the 　3　 　”可知，这里指作者写下做菜的“建议”。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我做了更多的实验。A. fixed修理；B. struggled挣扎；C. experimented实验；D. deserved值得。由下文“I created some recipes by myself”可知，这里指作者“实验”做菜。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bun Bo Bae增强了我在工作中的信心。A. duty职责；B. patience耐心；C. income收入；D. confidence信心。由下文“I knew I was a great cook”可知，Bun Bo Bae增加了作者的“自信”。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些技能帮助我在NPR找到了工作，我一份食谱被一家著名的自助餐厅里挑选。A. skills技能；B. recommendations建议；C. posts邮件；D. friends朋友。由上文“I taught myself web building”可知，这里指这些网络建设“技能”帮助作者找到了工作。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些技能帮助我在NPR找到了工作，我的一份食谱被一家著名的自助餐厅里挑选。A.designed设计；B. selected挑选；C. replaced取代；D. promoted促进。由 “one of my recipes”以及语境可知，作者这里指自己一个菜单被一个著名的自助餐厅看上并“挑选”出来使用了。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. That’s to say: News ____56____ (matter)! But we usually find reports on the same events contain different ____57____ even contradictory information. Why
Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example. The first news report, which focuses on firefighters’ efforts to put out the fire, tells us the fire spread quickly and left people ____58____ (trap). And the firefighters got the fire ____59____ control. However, the second news report attaches importance to deaths and ____60____ (injury). The fire has left dozens of people hurt, five of ____61____ are in a critical condition. From the examples above, we know it is ____62____ (advise) to remember journalists may have different priorities. They may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly ____63____ (change). In addition, news reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as news facts ____64____ (bring) to light.
To sum up, it’s smart to read news reports written from various perspectives, which brings us ____65____ accurate understanding of a situation!
【答案】56. matters
57. or 58. trapped
59. under 60. injuries
61. whom 62. adviseable##advisable
63. changing
64. are brought
65. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。新闻很重要，但是对同一事件的报道包含不同或者甚至矛盾的信息。所以阅读从不同角度撰写的新闻报道是明智的，这可以让我们对情况有一个准确的了解。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：也就是说：新闻重要！此处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语news是不可数名词，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填matters。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：但我们经常发现对同一事件的报道包含不同或者甚至矛盾的信息。different和contradictory是选择关系，应用连词or，故填or。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一篇新闻报道重点介绍了消防员的灭火行动，报道称火势迅速蔓延，导致人员被困。宾语people和动词trap(使困住)是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填trapped。
【59题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：消防队员控制住了火势。under control固定搭配，意为“处于控制之下”，故填under。
【60题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但第二条新闻报道重视死伤。此处应用名词injury作宾语，表示“伤害”，为可数名词，由句意可知，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填injuries。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：火灾已造成数十人受伤，其中五人伤势严重。此处是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用whom，故填whom。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：从上面的例子中，我们知道我们最好记住记者可能有不同的优先事项。此处应用形容词adviseable/advisable作表语，表示“明智的，可取的”。故填adviseable/advisable。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：它们可能在事实细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。主语events和动词change是主动关系，应用现在分词形式与are构成现在进行时，故填changing。
【64题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：此外，随着新闻事实的曝光，在事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。此处在as引导的状语从句中作谓语，主语news facts和动词bring是被动关系，且此处表示一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用are，故填are brought。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：综上所述，阅读从不同角度撰写的新闻报道是明智的，这可以让我们对情况有一个准确的了解！此处泛指一个准确的了解，应用不定冠词来修饰，且accurate发音是以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假如你是高二学生李华，目前正在美国Boston做交换生。当地博物馆即将举办中国文化周，正在招募志愿者。请你给项目负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 表达愿望；
2. 自荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数在80左右, 开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 中国文化周：Chinese Cultural Week；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Hua and I am writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Cultural Week at the local museum. Being an exchange student from China, I have great confidence in our culture. Besides, I’m enthusiastic about sharing and promoting my country’s rich cultural heritages. Months of studying in Boston guarantees that I’m skilled in public speaking and cross-cultural communication. I possess a flexible schedule and am committed to contributing to the success of the event.
Thank you for taking my application into consideration. Choose me, and you’re bound to own a surprise!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国Boston当地博物馆项目负责人写一封自荐信，申请成为志愿者。其内容包括：表达愿望和自荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
而且：besides →moreover
热情的：enthusiastic →passionate
擅长：be skilled in→be expert in
致力于：be committed to→ be devoted to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank you for taking my application into consideration.
拓展句：I will greatly appreciate it if you take my application into consideration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Being an exchange student from China, I have great confidence in our culture. （运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 Months of studying in Boston guarantees that I’m skilled in public speaking and cross-cultural communication. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the nurse had instructed, Amy walked up and down the halls of Mercy Hospital again and again. As she walked past room after room filled with husbands and wives, laughter and encouragement, she was only reminded of how alone she was.
She couldn’t help but notice the bright bouquets (花束) in so many of the rooms. One woman had at least fifty roses beside her bed. How strongly Amy wished to also receive flowers!
Months before, her husband and parents had lost their lives in an accident. She only had grandparents, but they were old and weren’t able to go to the hospital with her. So, when she would soon give birth, she came to the hospital by herself. She had never felt so lonely. She wanted to have her hand held by someone to feel supported and loved.
As she continued walking, she passed a room filled with people. Curiously, Amy stuck her head in to see what was going on.
The new mother Laura on the bed inside saw Amy. Although she didn’t know what happened to Amy, she noticed how sad Amy looked. And she wanted to cheer her up. “Hi! It looks like you’re getting ready to have a baby!’ said Laura holding a beautiful baby girl. “Let’s hope so,” Amy said, trying to sound cheerful.
“I’m Laura. Would you like to hold her ” the mother asked. Amy was so touched by her kindness and nodded. Getting to her was the hard part. Laura had more flowers in her room than Amy had seen all day.
As Amy held the baby, she smiled. “Are you having a boy or girl ” Laura asked “I don’t know. I’ll find it out tonight,” Amy said. “Good luck. You will be a great mom,” Laura said. When Amy left, Laura learned she was alone and then whispered to the nurses, “Give all of these flowers to her. Don’t let her know they are from me.”
Hours later, Amy lay in her own bed, alone, waiting to be delivered of a child. She was so scared. As tears fell down her face, she heard a knock at her door.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。
A nurse came in with five beautiful flowers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Amy stopped by Laura’s room to visit and curiously found all her flowers gone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A nurse came in with five beautiful flowers. “Amy, someone sends them to you anonymously,” The nurse smiled and left the flowers. Then, nurse after nurse came in until the room was filled with every flower imaginable. Amy was so excited and shocked. She had no idea who the flowers were from, but she felt loved and supported. She knew someone was secretly watching her. And she didn’t feel lonely and scared anymore. That night she gave birth to a beautiful baby boy. A week later, she walked around the hospital.
Amy stopped by Laura s room to visit and curiously found all her flowers gone. “Laura, where are all your flowers ” Amy asked. Laura just smiled. Amy suddenly realized who had sent her flowers, and gave Laura a big hug. After leaving hospital, they still kept in touch with each other. And Laura has been Amy’s best friend for many years now. To celebrate their friendship, every year on their kids’ birthdays, they send each other flowers. And Amy never feels lonely. She has many family members including her kid and the lovely people from Laura’s family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米即将分娩，但是几个月前，她的丈夫和父母在一场事故中丧生，她的爷爷奶奶年龄太大了，不能陪她来医院，所以她独自一人来医院待产，她看到了新妈妈劳拉的房间里放满了鲜花，交谈后劳拉得知艾米独自一人，就吩咐护士把自己的鲜花送给艾米，几个小时后，艾米独自躺在自己的床上，等待着分娩。她非常害怕。正当她泪流满面时，她听到有人敲门。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一位护士拿着五朵美丽的花走了进来。”可知，第一段可描写护士把花送来艾米的房间以及艾米的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“艾米路过劳拉的房间，奇怪地发现她的花都不见了。”可知，第二段可描写艾米发现真相以及艾米和劳拉的友谊。
2.续写线索：护士送花——艾米的反应——艾米不再孤独和害怕——生男孩——意识到花是劳拉送的——出院后保持联系——成为朋友——每年送花——艾米从不孤独
3.词汇激活
行类
①送：send/give
②生下：give birth to/be delivered of
③保持联系：keep in touch/maintain contact
情绪类
①兴奋：excited/thrilled
②震惊：shocked/astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1] She had no idea who the flowers were from, but she felt loved and supported. (由who引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] Amy suddenly realized who had sent her flowers, and gave Laura a big hug. (由who引导的宾语从句)常德市一中2023年下学期高二年级期末考试试卷
英 语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do with his money
A. Book a holiday. B. Take a course. C. Buy a car.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do next
A. Have a walk. B. Finish their work. C. Watch the weather report.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Waiter and customer.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel about the exam
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Angry.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does Eric usually get to work
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where are the speakers probably
A. On the beach. B. At a hotel. C. In a castle.
7. What problem did the woman have
A. She couldn’t open the window.
B. She didn’t like the view.
C. She lost her key.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the man
A. An animal expert. B. A teacher. C. A designer.
9. What does the girl think is difficult
A. To learn about all kinds of animals.
B. To use the scissors correctly.
C. To make a paper elephant.
10. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Wild elephants. B. School supplies. C. Paper folding art.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the problem with the office
A. There are no chairs.
B. There is no coffee maker.
C. There are no windows.
12. Which magazine does the woman have on her desk
A. Times. B. Wealth. C. The New York Times.
13. What does the woman offer to do for Bob
A. Lend him her computer.
B. Buy him a magazine.
C. Make him a coffee.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why is Paul surprised
A. The café is busy.
B. He missed the notice.
C. A conference was canceled.
15. How many people will work today
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
16. What has been removed from the menu
A. Cheese. B. Ham. C. Vegetables.
17. What will Paul probably do next
A. Butter some bread.
B. Cut some cheese.
C. Prepare the vegetables.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Why did Maria go to Australia
A. For studying animals.
B. For an expert meeting.
C. For a holiday.
19. What did Maria first think when she found the snake
A. It was not real. B. It was dangerous. C. It was dead.
20. Who first took the snake outside
A. An animal charity. B. Maria’s relative. C. A zookeeper.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共 15个小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Window Cleaning Available
Professional traditional method only (mop and blade)! Cleaning glass for over 10 years! Prices start from ￡3.50 to￡7.00. Disabled discounts available! No chemicals! We have space available on our round covering all areas of the west Midlands.
Phone: 07775 359361
Smart Home
At Smart Home we provide our clients with a range of home assistant services including pre move-in and post renovation cleaning, pest control, air-conditioning maintenance and deep cleaning services.
Phone: 08825 378451
Healing, Balance And Relaxing Massage (按摩)Therapies
Focus on high-quality service and customer satisfaction! A variety of offerings to choose from!
-Relaxing massage￡25/hour
-Hot stone massage￡35/hour
-Deep tissue massage￡30/hour
Special offer! Add the Indian head massage for only extra￡10
Phone: 07432 256741
Year 2-6 Math And English Tutoring
I am an A level student currently studying Biology, Chemistry and Physics. I achieved a B in Math and a B in English GCSE level of education. I am keen on tutoring children from year 2 to year 6 in order to prepare them for their SATS in both year 2 and year 6 and help them achieve the best level possible.
Phone: 07446 251339
21. If customers need thorough household cleaning service, they should _______.
A. call 07446 251339 B. call 07432 256741
C. call 07775 359361 D. call 08825 378451
22. Two hours’ hot stone massage and extra Indian head massage will cost you _________.
A. ￡45. B. ￡80.
C. ￡70. D. ￡35.
23. Which advertisement can provide service to improve academic performance
A. Smart Home.
B. Window Cleaning Available.
C. Year 2-6 Math And English Tutoring.
D. Healing, Balance And Relaxing Massage Therapies.
B
Zhou Dongyu was born into an ordinary family in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province in early 1992. In 2010, Zhang Yimou chose Zhou from more than 8,000 actresses to star in Under the Hauthorn Tree, and she soon became known to the people of her hometown after winning Best Actress at the 56th Valladolid International Film Festival in Spain, the Outstanding New Actress Award at the 14th China Huabiao Awards and Best New Performer at the 20th Shanghai Film Critics Association Awards for her role in Under the Hauthorn Tree.
The luck of the young actress continued from there. In 2011, she was admitted to the Beijing Film Academy (BFA), China’s most respected film school.
In the three years there, Zhou received a number of film offers and starred in several, but the characters always seemed the same. “I’m always that innocent girl—the first-love type,” she once lamented. She felt the need to break out of the pigeonhole(禁锢). In 2013, Zhou auditioned(试演) for a small role in Breakup Buddies. “Actually, the director turned me down at first. But days later, he called me in for an audition. ‘I have to land this role’ was all I could think on the way to the audition. It was the perfect opportunity to change my image.” During her audition, Zhou was asked to do some name-calling. Two days later, she was told that she had been cast as a rural hairdresser, turning her previous lovable, innocent image upside down and resulting in the most memorable female character in the film.
After Breakup Buddies, Zhou began to receive a wider variety of offers, and she ended up playing an ill-tempered genius in The Ark of Mr. Chow and an agent in the TV drama Sparrow. “I still need to further improve my skills by playing different characters,” says Zhou. “By doing this, I get a deeper understanding of a wider variety of people I might not have otherwise ever known.”
24. What can we know of Zhou when she was 18
A. She hit the big time. B. She became world famous.
C. She performed in a senior high school. D. She directed Under the Hawthorn Tree.
25. What does the underlined word “lamented” mean in the third paragraph
A. Explained patiently. B. Sighed sadly. C. Said proudly. D. Admitted unwillingly.
26. Which of the following marks the change in Zhou’s acting style
A. Under the Hawthorn Tree. B. The Ark of Mr. Chow.
C Breakup Buddies. D. Sparrow.
27. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By giving descriptions. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By giving examples.
C
A lot of manufactured glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate(碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items, but it doesn’t break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years. A team of Chinese scientists aimed to deal with this environmental concern by developing an eco-conscious alternative.
In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances, a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Process Engineering describe how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids(氨基酸). That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months.
In a test, glass beads(玻璃珠) made out of amino acids were placed under the skin of mice, and the breakdown of the bead and the skin healing process were observed for 30days. A diagram from the study shows how the mice’s bodies broke down the beads. In that month, the glass implant degraded beneath the skin, the wound site healed, and fur grew back. “Throughout the experimental period, no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation, and none of them experienced obvious weight loss,” the researchers wrote in their paper.
Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment, this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass, because amino acids can break down quickly in heat. In order to overcome this hurdle, the researchers chemically modified the amino acids using the heating-cooling procedure applied in glass manufacturing. This is when materials for the glass are heated to become soft and then rapidly cooled so as to make the glass tougher.
“It’s important to point out that this biodegradable glass is currently in the lab stage, and far from large-scale commercialization,” emphasized Yan Xuehai, a professor involved in the study, in a press release.
28. What is an advantage of the new glass
A. It takes less time to break down.
B. It can be recycled at a low cost.
C. It is produced without pollution.
D. It has a wide range of applications.
29. Why did researchers implant glass beads inside mice
A. To assess whether the glass is biologically harmless.
B. To investigate why amino acids are medically useful.
C. To explore how long it takes for the glass to degrade.
D. To observe if the glass can be melt down in mice’s stomach.
30. What does the underlined word “hurdle” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The challenge of improving the heating-cooling procedure.
B. Environmental problems caused by traditional glass.
C. The difficulty of selecting materials for the glass.
D. The instability of amino acids.
31 Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Amin o Acids Make Glass Tougher
B. Amin o Acids Cast New Light on Science
C. Biodegradable Glass: Closer to Sustainability
D. Biodegradable Glass: Ready to Hit the Market
D
In late September, 2023, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission (任务) delivered bits of rock and dust collected from a distant asteroid (小行星) to Earth. The sample, from the asteroid named Bennu, is the first of its kind brought to the United States. Now, the public can see the asteroid’s rocky debris (碎片) on display at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History a few days ago.
Scientists think the 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid is composed of some of the solar system’s oldest materials, formed in dying stars before the planets existed. Examining this ancient matter could hold clues about how organic materials first arrived on Earth, so NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission in 2016 to collect samples from Bennu’s surface. The spacecraft arrived at the asteroid in 2018, surveyed the rock for an ideal collection site and ultimately took a sample back to Earth in 2020. Recently, an initial examination of the sample revealed evidence of a high carbon content and water on Bennu.
When the team was unpacking their sample, they found that “bonus” material from the asteroid covered the collector. The presence (存在) of this extra matter delayed NASA’s processing of the sample. “The very best ‘problem’ to have is that there is so much material that it’s taking longer than we expected to collect it,” said Christopher Snead, the OSIRIS-REx deputy sample curator. Next, more of the material from Bennu will go on display at the museum. In the next two years, scientists will continue analyzing the sample and will save at least 70 percent of the Bennu rocks for further research.
NASA administrator Bill Nelson believes that studying Bennu samples will advance our understanding of the solar system for generations. It promises to shed light on (弄明白) what makes our planet unique. By studying this 4.5-billion-year-old sample and sharing it with the public, NASA aims to inspire future scientists and encourage them to explore new fields.
32. What is the mission of OSIRIS-REx
A. To search for alien life on Bennu.
B. To collect a sample from an asteroid.
C. To explore the origin of the solar system.
D. To study the impact of space debris on Earth.
33. What can we know from paragraph 2
A. There is carbon and water on Bennu.
B. Bennu is the oldest star in the solar system.
C. Bennu played a key role in the evolution of life on Earth.
D. It took two years for scientists to locate an ideal collection site.
34. Why was the study process delayed
A. The sample was difficult to collect.
B. The spacecraft had technical problems.
C. The collector was covered by additional material.
D. The examination of the material takes lots of time.
35. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The significance of studying the Bennu sample.
B. The purpose of displaying samples at the museum.
C. NASA’s further plans for the research on Bennu rocks.
D. NASA’s efforts to inspire scientists to explore new fields.
第二节 (共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。
Europeans and other western nations have controlled car industry for over a century. But a newcomer will soon be running after them at their heels. ___36___ It is more than ten years since they did better than America to become the most productive car-makers in the world. China is producing the best cars in the world, and on the way to controlling car production. ___37___
China has gradually built its car-making capabilities during different periods. ___38___ And then its state-owned companies reached arrangements with western makers like General Motors in the 1980s. This produced cars that were far better designed, and soon China’s roads were becoming busy with western clones.
___39___ It still pays relatively low wages and has millions of skilled workers. Skilled workers are important to reduce the costs because they make vehicles that need fewer rebuilds. Some Chinese vehicles in the past ten years haven’t had the design expected by western buyers, so haven’t sold in enough cars in Europe to worry the western makers. ___40___ Chinese-designed and built vehicles are not far behind in their design, and starting to enter European markets. Xpeng is one Chinese start-up that only produces electric vehicles. Having sold well in China, it is making its first moves into Europe via Norway with its G3 model. The next revolution in car industry is replacing petrol vehicles with electric. With all of China’s advantages, it could finally become the home of the best cars in the world.
A. How did this happen
B. Yet this is changing rapidly.
C. These cars sold well at home and abroad.
D. The Chinese are not exactly newcomers.
E. China also has excellent shipping links, like Shanghai.
F. China is also in a good position to build cars for the right price.
G. It originally began making Soviet-designed vehicles in the 1950s.
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I moved to Washington D.C, I left all of my friends behind. ____41____ new acquaintances to home-cooked meals was my best ____42____ to make new friends. Given that my food was pretty good, everyone was soon asking me for the ____43____, which was how Bun Bo Bae, my cooking blog came into being.
In hindsight (事后看来), I’ve probably been ____44____ to start a food blog. I spent most of my childhood in the kitchen with my mom. I would watch her cook, ____45____ a lot of knowledge of cooking. To my ____46____, I left for college before I could learn my mom's best dishes.
I went to France to study. I was ____47____ alone for the first time in my life. There were no roommates, dorms or dining halls. I was ____48____ homesick. So, I started calling my mom and asking for the recipes for my favorite dishes. As it ____49____, my mom didn’t have any recipes. She just taught me how to cook intuitively (凭直觉地); thus, I learned to cook by ____50____ and feeling my food.
Bun Bo Bae was initially a space for me to put what I learned into writing. I wanted to write down every ____51____ I was given in detail. Later on, I ____52____ more. I created some recipes by myself. Soon my food blog and follower count grew.
Bun Bo Bae increased my ____53____ at work. I knew I was a great cook, but I had no idea how to make a website. So I taught myself web building. And the ____54____ helped me land my job at NPR, where one of my recipes was ____55____ in a famous cafeteria.
41.
A. Comparing B. Limiting C. Entertaining D. Abusing
42.
A. quality B. attempt C. service D. wish
43.
A. menus B. associations C. instructions D. recipes
44.
A. bound B. willing C. ready D. hesitant
45.
A. reviewing B. applying C. acquiring D. sharing
46.
A. joy B. regret C. relief D. astonishment
47.
A. working B. travelling C. expanding D. living
48.
A. desperately B. occasionally C. hardly D. surprisingly
49.
A. worked out B. paid off C. turned out D. went off
50.
A. touching B. tasting C. storing D. producing
51.
A. suggestion B. sample C. option D. command
52.
A. fixed B. struggled C. experimented D. deserved
53.
A. duty B. patience C. income D. confidence
54.
A skills B. recommendations C. posts D. friends
55.
A. designed B. selected C. replaced D. promoted
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. That’s to say: News ____56____ (matter)! But we usually find reports on the same events contain different ____57____ even contradictory information. Why
Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example. The first news report, which focuses on firefighters’ efforts to put out the fire, tells us the fire spread quickly and left people ____58____ (trap). And the firefighters got the fire ____59____ control. However, the second news report attaches importance to deaths and ____60____ (injury). The fire has left dozens of people hurt, five of ____61____ are in a critical condition. From the examples above, we know it is ____62____ (advise) to remember journalists may have different priorities. They may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly ____63____ (change). In addition, news reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as news facts ____64____ (bring) to light.
To sum up, it’s smart to read news reports written from various perspectives, which brings us ____65____ accurate understanding of a situation!
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假如你是高二学生李华，目前正在美国Boston做交换生。当地博物馆即将举办中国文化周，正在招募志愿者。请你给项目负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 表达愿望；
2. 自荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数在80左右, 开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 中国文化周：Chinese Cultural Week；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the nurse had instructed, Amy walked up and down the halls of Mercy Hospital again and again. As she walked past room after room filled with husbands and wives, laughter and encouragement, she was only reminded of how alone she was.
She couldn’t help but notice the bright bouquets (花束) in so many of the rooms. One woman had at least fifty roses beside her bed. How strongly Amy wished to also receive flowers!
Months before, her husband and parents had lost their lives in an accident. She only had grandparents, but they were old and weren’t able to go to the hospital with her. So, when she would soon give birth, she came to the hospital by herself. She had never felt so lonely. She wanted to have her hand held by someone to feel supported and loved.
As she continued walking, she passed a room filled with people. Curiously, Amy stuck her head in to see what was going on.
The new mother Laura on the bed inside saw Amy. Although she didn’t know what happened to Amy, she noticed how sad Amy looked. And she wanted to cheer her up. “Hi! It looks like you’re getting ready to have a baby!’ said Laura holding a beautiful baby girl. “Let’s hope so,” Amy said, trying to sound cheerful.
“I’m Laura. Would you like to hold her ” the mother asked. Amy was so touched by her kindness and nodded. Getting to her was the hard part. Laura had more flowers in her room than Amy had seen all day.
As Amy held the baby, she smiled. “Are you having a boy or girl ” Laura asked “I don’t know. I’ll find it out tonight,” Amy said. “Good luck. You will be a great mom,” Laura said. When Amy left, Laura learned she was alone and then whispered to the nurses, “Give all of these flowers to her. Don’t let her know they are from me.”
Hours later, Amy lay in her own bed, alone, waiting to be delivered of a child. She was so scared. As tears fell down her face, she heard a knock at her door.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。
A nurse came in with five beautiful flowers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Amy stopped by Laura’s room to visit and curiously found all her flowers gone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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