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Lesson 31 Where's Sally 萨莉在哪里？

[词汇]（10）
★garden [ gɑ:dn] n. 花园 （自己花园）
park n. 公园（公共地方）
eg. garden party 游园会
garden pot 花盆
gardener 园丁
★under [ nd (r)] prep. 在……之下 （正下方）
eg. under the tree / wall / chair
below 低于
over 悬空的正上方
on 有表面的接触
★tree [tri:] n. 树
eg. Christmas tree 圣诞树
a family tree 家谱
clothes tree 衣帽架
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
（不是树本身所有的，用in the tree）
There are some apples on the tree.
(树本身所有的，比如树上结的果子，就用on the tree)
★climb [klaim] v. 爬，攀登（上下爬）
（m是鼻音，而b是爆破音，爆破音失去爆破。）
v. 攀登，攀爬（树、山等）
eg. climb the tree/hill 爬树/爬山
v. 逐步上升（增长）
eg. The temperature is climbing steadily.
温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。
The price of gold climbed back.
金价逐渐回升了。
v. （在社会地位等方面）往上爬
eg. He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder.
他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。
He has climbed to a very high position in his field.
他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。
creep [kri:p] v.平行地爬
= crawl [kr :l] v.平行地爬
(crawl使用于如蛇类，无足，以腹部着地而行或者动作迟缓之虫类，而creep则表示四足动物，缓慢而行，然而，快速前进之虫类，仍多以creep表示。)
eg. creep out 蹑手蹑脚(别人不注意, 偷偷摸摸的)
climb the tree， climb up or down
The baby is crawling on the floor.
★who [hu:] pron. 谁
eg. who is talking
★run [r n] v. 跑
① v. 跑，奔跑
eg. run across the grass：跑过草地
running shoes 跑鞋
② v. 流动；流出
eg. Her eyes ran with tears. 她落泪了。
I have a cough and a running nose. 我咳嗽，又流鼻涕。
v. 追赶，追逐，追求
run after 追逐
eg. Many young men are running after that girl.
许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。
v. 经营，管理
eg. run the business. 经营生意。
He runs a school. 他经营着一所学校。
He is running a business in China. 他在中国做生意。
★grass [grɑ:s] . n. 草，草地
音近词：glass n. 玻璃
★after [ ɑ:ft (r)] prep. 在……之后
eg. After you. = You first,please. 您先请。
★across [ kr s] prep. 横过，穿过
across表示的是在物体表面上横着穿过
through表示在物体内部穿过
eg. swim across the river 横游过河
walk across the street 横穿过街道
walk through the grass 穿过草地
walk through the forest 穿过森林
cross n. 十字架，十字路口
v. 穿越
eg. Red Cross 红十字会
Tim is crossing the street. Tim正在穿越马路。
★cat [k t] n. 猫
eg. It’s raining cats and dogs. 倾盆大雨。
= It rains heavily.
[课文]
JEAN: Where's Sally, Jack
萨莉在哪儿，杰克？
= Where is
JACK: She's in the garden, Jean.
她在花园，琼。
= She is
JEAN: What's she doing
她在干什么？
= What is
be(am,is,are) + doing 表示正在做某事
JACK: She's sitting under the tree.
她正在树荫下坐着。 （在树下，介词短语作状语表示地点）
JEAN: Is Tim in the garden, too
(也，用于肯定句和一般疑问句中)
肯定句：Tim is in the garden, too.
否定句：Tim is not in the garden, either.
蒂姆也在花园里吗？
JACK: Yes, he is.
是的，他也在花园里。
He's climbing the tree.
他正在爬树。 （is climbing 表示正在爬树）
JEAN: I beg your pardon
你说什么？ = Pardon
Who's climbing the tree
谁在爬树？ = Who is
JACK: Tim is.
蒂姆在爬树。(此处省略climbing the tree.)
JEAN: What about the dog = How about the dog
那么狗呢？
= What is the dog doing
What about的用法：后接人或物或动名词，意思是“那关于…呢？那…如何呢？”
What about = How about，这两种是英语口语中常用的两个省略句型，常用于以下场合：
向对方提出建议或请求。例如：
eg. How about going out for a walk 出去散散步好吗？
What about another cake 再吃块蛋糕好吗？
What about the TV play 那个电视剧怎么样？
询问天气或身体等情况。例如：
eg. What about the weather in your home town 你们家乡的气候如何？
How about your uncle now You can’t leave him by himself.
你叔叔近来身体好吗？你们不能单独让他生活。
寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。例如：
eg. I am from Beijing. What about you 我是北京人，你呢？
JACK: The dog's in the garden, too.
狗也在花园里。 = The dog is
It's running across the grass.
它正在草地上跑。 = It is
It's running after a cat.
它在追一只猫。 = It is
[语 法]
时态：共16种时态，时态是通过动词变化来实现的。
现在进行时态基本结构：
肯定句: 主语 + be动词（am,is,are） + doing(do表示实义动词)
否定句：主语 + be动词（am,is,are） + not + doing(do表示实义动词)
一般疑问句： be动词（am,is,are）+ 主语 + doing(do表示实义动词)
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be动词
否定回答：No, 主语 + be动词 + not
特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 动词ing
eg. 肯定句: She is watching TV.
否定句： She is not watching TV.
一般疑问句： Is she watching TV
肯定回答: Yes, she is.
否定回答： No,she isn’t.
特殊疑问句： What is she doing
二、现在分词变化形式：
1、一般情况下，直接加ing:
如：play — playing; look — looking; catch — catching
2、以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing：
如：make — making; take — taking; have — having
3、如果词末是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing,如：run — running; stop — stopping; swim — swimming; get — getting
三、现在进行时态主要有以下四种用法:
此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作，时间状语一般用now（现在）,at the moment（此时）。
eg. Jane is watching a movie now. 简正在看电影。
Tom is having a bath at the moment. 汤姆正在洗澡。
现阶段的一段时间正在进行或发生的动作，但说话的此刻动作不一定正在进行着，时间状语通常是recently(最近),these days（这些日子）。
eg. I am studying English at a school recently. 我最近在学校学英语。
He is making the plan these days. 这几天他正忙着做计划。
We are picking apples on a farm these days.
这些天我们正在农场摘苹果。
在不少情况下，表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子，并没有“正在”这样的字，在译为英语时却必须用进行时态。
eg. Who are you waiting for 你在等谁？
It’s blowing hard. 风挺大。
现在进行时后面加一个表示将来的时间短语，比如tomorrow,soon等等，就可以表示将来的一种打算。
eg. I am seeing my friend this afternoon.
我打算今天下午去看我的朋友。
I am leaving. 我要走了。
Lesson 32 What's he/she/it doing
他/她/它正在做什么？
[词汇]（12）
★type [ta p] v. 打字 n. 类型，风格
typist [ ta p st] n. 打字员
= keyboard operator 键盘操作员
eg. blood type 血型
type A A型
He is not my type. 他不是我喜欢的类型。
★letter [ let (r)] n. 信，字母
eg. love letter 情书
letter box 信箱
letter paper 信纸
There are 26 letter in Engllish. 英语中有26个字母。
★basket [ bɑ:sk t] n. 篮子
eg. basketball 篮球
★eat [i:t] v. 吃
eg. I can eat a horse. 我能吃下一头牛。我饿极了。
★bone [b n] n. 骨头
★clean [kli:n] v. 清洗 adj.干净的
★tooth [tu:θ] n. （复数 teeth）牙齿
eg. I am a sweet tooth. 我爱吃甜食。
toothbrush [ tu:θbr ] 牙刷（ brush [br ] 刷子，画笔 ）
toothpaste ['tu:θpeist] 牙膏（paste [peist] 糊，浆糊）
toothpick [ tu:θp k] 牙签
★cook [k k] v. 做（饭菜）
① v. 烹调；煮，烧
She cooked a lovely meal for her husband.
The beef is not cooked enough. 牛肉煮得不够熟。
② n. 厨子，炊事员
Tom works as a cook in a local restaurant.
★milk [m lk] n. 牛奶
eg. milk chocolate 牛奶巧克力
milk powder 奶粉
milk tooth 乳牙
milk-white 乳白色
★meal [mi:l] n. 饭，一顿饭
eg. I’m cooking a meal. 做饭
Lily and I are having a meal. 就餐，吃饭
★drink [dr k] v. 喝，喝酒 n. 饮料
eg. drinking water 饮用水，饮水处
give me a drink. 给我点喝的。
soft drink 不含酒精的饮料
★tap [t p] n. （水）龙头
L:32课后练习答案
A
1 He is opening the window.
2 She is sharpening this pencil.
3 She is dusting the cupboard.
4 She is emptying the basket.
5 He is looking at the picture.
B
1 What is Mr. Richards doing
Is he cleaning his teeth
No, he isn't cleaning his teeth.
He's opening the window.
2 What is my mother doing
Is she shutting the door
No, she isn't shutting the door.
She's making the bed.
3 What is the dog doing
Is it drinking its milk
No, it isn't drinking its milk.
It's eating a bone.
4 What is my sister doing
Is she reading a magazine
No, she isn't reading a magazine.
She's looking at a picture.
5 What is Emma doing
Is she dusting the dressing table
No, she isn't dusting the dressing table.
She's cooking a meal.
6 What is Amy doing
Is she making the bed
No, she isn't making the bed.
She's sweeping the floor.
7 What is Tim doing
Is he reading a magazine
No, he isn't reading a magazine.
He's sharpening a pencil.
8 What is the girl doing
Is she turning on the light
No, she isn't turning on the light.
She's turning off the tap.
9 What is the boy doing
Is he cleaning his teeth
No, he isn't cleaning his teeth.
He's putting on his shirt.
10 What is Miss Jones doing
Is she putting on her coat
No, she isn't putting on her coat.
She's taking off her coat.

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