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Lesson 33 A fine day 晴天

[词汇]（15）
★day [de ] n.日子
Sunday [ s nde ] 星期天
Monday [ m nde ] 星期一
Tuesday [ tju:zde ] 星期二
Wednesday [ wenzde ]星期三
Thursday [ θ :zde ]星期四
Friday [ fra de ] 星期五
Saturday [ s t de ] 星期六
★cloud [kla d] n.云
eg. cloudy adj.多云的
★sky [ska ] n.天空
eg. sky blue 天蓝色
★sun [s n] n.太阳
★shine [ a n] v.照耀
eg. sunshine 阳光灿烂的
★with [w ] prep. 和……在一起
★family [ f m li] n. 家庭（成员）
eg. family name 姓氏
family man 有家室的人
family doctor 家庭医生
family：家庭（后面的谓语动词用单数）
家庭成员（后面的谓语动词用复数）
eg. His family has (have/has) four people.
Our family are (is/are) teachers.
★walk [w :k] v. 走路, 步行
eg. walkman n. 随身听录音机
★over [ v (r)] prep.跨越，在……之上
★bridge [br d ] n. 桥
★boat [b t] n. 船
boat指河中行驶的小船，ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。
★river [ r v (r)] n. 河
★ship [ ip] n. 轮船
cruise ship [kru:z ip] 游轮
★aeroplane [' r plein] n. 飞机
aero [' r u] a. 飞机的,航空的,飞行的
飞机正式用语：aeroplane（英语）、airplane（美语）；
非正式用语：plane
★fly [fla ] v. 飞
[课文]
It is a fine day today. 今天天气很好。
一、表示天气内容的句子通常以“It is…”开头。It作为虚主语，用来表示“时间、金钱、距离、重量、温度”等。
eg. It is Friday today.
今天星期五。（表示时间）
It cost me two hundred yuan on this book.
这本书我花了200元。（表示金钱）
It is over 10 miles from my home to school.
从我家到学校有10英里远。（表示距离）
It is almost 10 kilograms.
差不多有10公斤。（表示重量）
It is over 39 degrees today.
今天有39度多。（表示温度）
二、it是形式主语，在英语中，为避免头重脚轻，保持句子整体平衡，用形式主语it来代替真正的长主语。
eg. It was his job to repair bicycles.
(不定式to repair bicycles才是真正的主语)
(二册L:31 Success story 成功者的故事)
It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.
(that从句才是真正的主语)
(二册 L:51 Reward for Virtue 对美德的奖赏)
There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.
天空中飘着几朵云，但阳光灿烂。
There be 句型，因为clouds是复数，所以be动词用are。
在天上是in the sky,而不是on the sky。
Mr. Jones is with his family.
琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。
句中的介词“with”，后面常常跟名词或代词来作它的宾语。
介词with的用法：
有/带着（表示伴随）a man with grey hair/ a house with a garden
使用某种工具 I cut the cake with a new knife.
由于某种原因 Her hands are blue with cold.
They are walking over the bridge.
他们正在过桥。
介词over的用法：
在某物的上方，比某物高
eg. A plane flies over our head.
遮盖住某人/物
eg. She puts a coat over the child.
结束，完了
eg. Class is over.
横越到某物的另一边
eg. The dog jumps over the wall.
eg. In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.（二册L:43 Over the South Pole 飞越南极）
大于，超过（over = more than）
eg. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined
to the wooden box for over eighteen hours.
(二册L:46 Expensive and uncomfortable 既昂贵又受罪)
eg. I own over a thousand books.（L：52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯）
eg. over 600 miles an hour (L:72 A car called bluebird “蓝鸟”汽车)
overnight 通宵
overeat 吃得过多
overwork 过度工作
oversleep 睡过头
overseas 海外
There are some boats on the river.
河上有几艘船。
on the river是一个表示地点的介词短语，它在本句中作地点状语
Mr. Jones and his wife are looking at them.
琼斯先生和他的妻子正在看这些船。
look不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，必须借助介词。
Sally is looking at a big ship.
莎莉正在观看一般大船。
The ship is going under the bridge.
那船正从桥下驶过。
a big ship在文中第一次出现，用不定冠词“a”，再次出现的时候，前面改成定冠词“the”
介词under的用法：
在某物下面
eg. The cat is under the table.
被某物盖着/遮着
eg. I am wearing a vest under my shirt.
有某人/某物控制
eg. We play well under our new boss.
Tim is looking at an aeroplane.
蒂姆正望着一架飞机。
The aeroplane is flying over the river.
飞机正从河上飞过。
the aeroplane第二次提及要用到the, 在元音前的the发音[ i:]
Lesson 34 What are they doing 他们在做什么？

[词汇]（6）
★sleep [sli:p]
sleeping bag 睡袋
sleeping pill 安眠药
sleepwalker 梦游者
sleepwalking 梦游症
go to bed 上床睡觉
go to sleep 入睡
v. 睡觉
eg. I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
② n. 睡眠；睡觉
eg. He had a good sleep last night.
sleepy ['sli:pi] adj.欲睡的
eg. I’m tired,thirsty and sleepy.
sleepless [ sli:plis] adj.失眠的
★shave [ eiv] v. 刮脸
shaver 剃须刀 shavers only 仅用于剃须刀
★cry [kra ] v. 哭，喊 （主要是指出声的哭）
★wash [w ] v. 洗
washing machine 洗衣机
washroom 厕所
★wait [we t] v. 等
wait for 等待某人或物
waiting room 等候室
waiter 侍应生
waitress 女侍应生
★jump [d mp] v. 跳
① v. 跳跃；跃过
eg. They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。
v. 略去；跳过
eg. He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳过大学一年级（指跳级直接升入二年级）。
v. 突然上升；猛增
eg. They jumped the fees from 20 dollars to 50 dollars.
他们把费用从20美元涨到50美元。

[语法]
动词+ing的规则：
1、一般的词直接加-ing：read → eading
2、以-e结尾，要去掉-e，然后再加-ing：shave → shaving
以-ee结尾，直接加-ing：see → seeing
3、重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾如果只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母，然后再加-ing：sit → sitting
重读闭音节：一般单音节都为重读
闭音节：五个元音字母在单词里，发本身的字母音是开音节，如果不是发本身的字母音就是闭音节。
4、一般双音节重读音节必须在第二个音节，第二个音节里有一个元音和辅音的单词要双写，加ing。
enter → entering；refer → referring
Lesson 34 课后练习答案
A
1 She is typing a letter.
2 She is making the bed.
3 He is coming.
4 The sun is shining.
5 He is giving me some magazines.
B
1 What are the men doing They're cooking a meal.
2 What are they doing They're sleeping.
3 What are the men doing They're shaving.
4 What are the children doing They're crying.
5 What are the dogs doing They're eating bones.
6 What are the women doing They're typing letters.
7 What are the children doing They're doing their homework.
8 What are the women doing They're washing dishes.
9 What are the bids doing They're flying over the river.
10 What are they doing They're walking over the bridge.
11 What are the man and woman doing They're waiting for a bus.
12 What are the children doing They're jumping off the wall.

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