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Lesson 49 At the butcher's 在肉店

[词汇]（11）
（1）butcher [ b t (r)] n. 屠夫
v. （为了吃肉）屠杀、屠宰动物
eg. butcher’s
= butcher’s shop
（2）meat [mi t] n. 肉 [u]
同音异义词：meet v. 遇见，会见
新概念一册L:5 Nice to meet you!
（3）beef [bi f] n. 牛肉 [u]
eg. have a beef with sb. 和某人起争执，和某人发生矛盾
（4）lamb [l m] n. 羔羊肉 [u]
mutton [ m tn] n. 羊肉
eg. 新概念三册L:16 Mary and a little lamb
（5）chicken [ t k n] n. 小鸡[c] 鸡肉[u]
duck [d k] n. 鸭肉
（6）mince [m ns] n. 肉馅[u]
eg. mincer n. 绞肉机
pork n. 猪肉
bacon n. 咸肉，熏肉，腊肉（培根）
（7）steak [ste k] n. 牛排 [u]
★ steak house 牛排餐馆，牛排屋
eg. How do you like your steak
★ rare 三分熟，稀少的，稀有的
（rare animal/plant）
★ medium [ mi di m] 半生/半熟的
（medium形容处于中性的物质,而middle是说明空间的中部）
★ medium well 七分熟
★ well - done 全熟的牛排
（8）husband [ h zb nd] n. 丈夫
eg. husband and wife 夫妇
They are a couple. 他们是一对（夫妻）。
（9）tell [tel] vt. 告诉，讲述
（把一件事情传达给别人，及物动词，后可接双宾语）
eg. tell the truth 说实话
tell a lie 撒谎
tell a story 讲故事
tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事
（Mum told me not to ride a bike quickly.）
★ say vt.说话，强调说话的内容
eg. What does he say 他说了什么？
（新概念一册L:101 A card from Jimmy）
‘I can ask him the way,’she said to herself.
（新概念一册L:73 The way to king street）
（say to oneself 自言自语，心里暗想）
★ speak vi.强调说话、发言的动作
vt.讲某种语言
eg. May I speak to Uncle Wang
我可以和王叔叔通话吗？（打电话时）
Do you speak English 你说英语吗？
★ talk vi. 交谈（强调双方）
eg. talk show 脱口秀
talk with sb. about sth.和某人谈论某事
★ chat 聊天
eg. chat room 聊天室
have a chat with sb./chat with sb. 和某人聊天
video chat 视频聊天
voice chat 语音聊天
★ gossip [ ɡ s p] 聊天(说三道四，贬)，嘎三胡
（10）truth [tru θ] n. 实情 [u]
eg. to tell you the truth 说老实话
★ true adj. 真实的
eg. true lie 真实的谎言
come true 梦想成真，实现
either [ a (r)] adv. 也（用于否定句）
either一般用于否定句,位于句末，前面通常有逗号。
[课文]
Title: At the butcher’s 在肉店
在英文表示“某一商店”的商店中，往往可以把shop省略，如
the butcher’s (shop)和the greengrocer’s (shop)，类似的例子还有the hairdresser’s (shop)，the stationer’s (shop)，the doctor’s (office)，my mother’s (house)等。
BUTCHER: Do you want any meat today, Mrs. Bird
你今天要买点肉吗，伯德夫人？
表示一种传统小作坊里的手艺人工作的地方通常前面加介词at 和定冠词the，后面加’s
eg. at the hairdresser’s 在理发店
at the tailor’s 在裁缝店
at the baker’s 在面包房
at the dentist’s 在牙科诊所
MRS.BIRD: Yes, please.
是的，我买一点。
BUTCHER: Do you want beef or lamb
您要牛肉还是羔羊肉？
or 表示或者，否则
eg. Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
快点，否则你要迟到了。
这是一个选择疑问句，因为句中含有or。在读的时候，or后面读降调。选择疑问句不能直接用yes来回答。lamb羔羊肉，表示羊肉还有一个词mutton，但lamb尤指小羊的肉。
MRS.BIRD: Beef, please.
请给我牛肉。
BUTCHER: This lamb's very good.
这羔羊肉很好。
MRS.BIRD: I like lamb, but my husband doesn't.
我喜欢羔羊肉，可我丈夫不喜欢。
此句完整表达 = But my husband doesn’t like beef.
其中doesn’t = does not. 因主语为第三人称单数。
BUTCHER: What about some steak
来点牛排吧？
What about的意思是“怎么样”，后面常常直接跟名词或者名词词组。用来征求对方的看法或意见。这个词组也可以被说成是how about，二者可以互换。一册L:31 Where’s Sally？中例句：What about the dog
eg. My sister is an engineer, what aobut your sister
我姐姐是个工程师，你姐姐呢？
本句是个疑问句，但是却用some来表示“一些”，表示希望从对方那里得到肯定的答复。这是some的一种特殊用法。
eg. Do you want some more milk 你想再要点牛奶吗？
This is a nice piece.
这块很好。
MRS.BIRD: Give me that piece, please.
就请给我那块吧。
= Give that piece to me.
And a pound of mince, too.
再来一磅绞肉。
因为mince是不可数名词，所以不能直接在它的前面加a, a pound of mince 是个量化词组。
BUTCHER: Do you want a chicken, Mrs. Bird
您要买只鸡吧，伯德夫人？
They 're very nice.
这些鸡很好。
MRS.BIRD: No, thank you. 不要了，谢谢。
My husband likes steak, but he doesn't like
chicken. 我丈夫喜欢牛排，但他不喜欢鸡。
BUTCHER: To tell you the truth, Mrs. Bird, I don't like
chicken either!
说老实话，伯德夫人，我也不喜欢鸡。
to tell you the truth 是个插入语，表示说话人的态度，意思是“说实话”，常常放在句首。
[词汇辨析]
一、either, too, also
either 也（用于否定句，通常放句末）
eg. I don’t like eating fat meat，he doesn’t like eating fat meat, either. = Neither does he.
他也不喜欢吃肥肉。
too 也（用于肯定句、疑问句，通常放句末）
eg. Lucy comes from China, and I come from China, too.
= So do I. 露西来自中国，我也来自中国。
also 也（用于肯定句、疑问句）
also位于实义动词之前，非实义动词后。
eg. Chicken also likes insects. 鸡也喜欢昆虫。
Mike is also an Austrialian actor.
麦克也是一位澳大利亚男演员。
She can also sing Shanghai opera. 她也会唱沪剧。
[语法]
一、选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句，选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no，语调一般是第一种选择用升调，最后一种选择用降调。选择疑问句可以分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。
一般选择疑问句
句型：一般疑问句 + or + 被选择的情况？
eg. Are you 65 years old or 70 years old
2、特殊选择疑问句
句型：特殊疑问句，A or B
eg. Which is bigger, Beijing or New York
哪个城市大些，北京还是纽约？
When will he leave for London, today or tomorrow
他何时动身去伦敦，今天还是明天？
一般现在时
在一般现在时的句子中，如果句子的主语是第三人称单数，而且句子又是由实义动词作谓语的话，需要把实义动词变为它的第三人称单数形式。
在英语中，助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态或构成疑问及否定。
do：主语为I,you及复数时
do not = don’t (否定形式）
does：主语为第三人称单数时
does not = doesn’t (否定形式）
三、动词变为第三人称单数形式的变化规则
1、一般情况下在实义动词后 +s
eg. live —— lives sit —— sits
以s,x,ch或o结尾的单词，后面 +es
eg. pass —— passes fix —— fixes
watch —— watches do —— does
以辅音字母 +y 结尾的单词，变y为i，再 +es
eg. cry —— cries fly —— flies
有一些动词的第三人称变化形式不规则
eg. have —— has
四、动词不定式
动词不定式不能作谓语，其它的都可作。动词不定式就是to+动词原型。
eg. to tell you the truth 告诉你实话吧（动词不定式短语）
To say is one thing. To do is another. 说是一回事，做又是一回事。
Lesson 50 He likes … 他喜欢
But he doesn't like…
但是他不喜欢

[词汇]（9）
tomato [t mɑ t ] n. 西红柿
potato [p te t ] n. 土豆
eg. baked potatoes 烤土豆
cabbage [ k b d ] n. 卷心菜
lettuce [ let s] n. 莴苣
pea [pi ] n. 豌豆
bean [bi n] n. 豆角
eg. coffee bean 咖啡豆
French bean 扁豆
Egyptian bean 莲子
red bean 红豆
bean cake 豆饼
bean noodle 粉丝，粉条
bean oil 豆油
bean sprout 豆芽
pear [pe (r)] n. 梨
grape [ɡre p] n. 葡萄
peach [pi t ] n. 桃
Lesson 50 课后答案
A
1 He likes coffee, but I don't.
2 She likes tea, but he doesn't.
3 He is eating some bread, but she isn't.
4 She can type very well, but he can't.
5 They are working hard, but we aren't.
6 He is reading a magazine, but I am not.
B
1 Does Sam like cabbage
Yes, he does. He likes cabbage, but he doesn't want any.
2 Does Sam like lettuce
Yes, he does. He likes lettuce, but he doesn't want any.
3 Do you like peas
Yes, I do. I like peas, but I don't want any.
4 Does Mrs. White like beans
Yes, she does. She likes beans, but she doesn't want any.
5 Do you like bananas
Yes, I do. I like bananas, but I don't want any.
6 Does Mr. Jones like oranges
Yes, he does. He likes oranges, but he doesn't want any.
7 Does George like apples
Yes, he does. He likes apples, but he doesn't want any.
8 Does Elizabeth like pears
Yes, she does. She likes pears, but she doesn't want any.
9 Do you like grapes
Yes, I do. I like grapes, but I don't want any.
10 Does Carol like peaches
Yes, she does. She likes peaches, but she doesn't want any.

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