资源简介

汉中市汉台区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考
英语试题
注意事项：
1．本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Their apartments. B．Their roommates. C．Their sleep problems.
2．What is “couscous”
A．A new hotel. B．A kind of food. C．A close relative.
3．What does the man mean
A．He watched the game. B．He missed the game. C．He disliked the game.
4．How does the woman’s family celebrate Christmas now
A．By cooking at her parents’ home.
B．By eating out at an Italian restaurant.
C．By going to the Christmas Tree Festival.
5．What do we know about the man
A．He arrived before 3:00 p. m.
B．He didn’t make a reservation.
C．He can’t check in at the hotel.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What was the woman’s first job
A．A secretary. B．A manager. C．A cleaner.
7．How long did the woman work at Teknik Ltd
A．For three years. B．For four years. C．For seven years.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What makes the man change his appointment
A．The traffic due to the bad weather.
B．His urgent problem at work.
C．An unexpected visitor.
9．When will the man meet Dr. Martin
A．On Wednesday. B．On Thursday. C．On Tuesday.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who does the man think is the most qualified
A．Amy. B．Cameron. C．Hector.
11．What is the woman unsatisfied with Karine
A．Her language ability. B．Her little enthusiasm. C．Her lack of confidence.
12．What do we know about Hector
A．He is the best of the four.
B．He expects the highest salary.
C．He is always punctual.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man doing at first
A．Looking for an English language book.
B．Searching for an English magazine.
C．Practicing pronunciation of words.
14．What will the man most probably do
A．Go to the philosophy section.
B．Keep the book for more than two months.
C．Get three books at the same time.
15．How much will the man pay
A．$ 400. B．$ 190. C．$ 150.
16．How does the woman sound
B．Indifferent C．Disappointed. A．Patient.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did the speaker buy his tickets
A．Three months in advance.
B．Three weeks in advance.
C．Five to ten days in advance.
18．How much does a guide generally pay for a plane ticket
A．Half of the regular fare.
B．Two-thirds of the regular fare.
C．One quarter of the regular fare.
19．Where can senior and youth passes be used
A．In Europe. B．In India. C．In Japan.
20．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How to buy train tickets. B．How to travel for less. C．How to travel on a plane.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thanks For Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. November 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up today for the 2023 Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Come out and join us for a fun kick off to Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.
All are welcome, including competitive runners, joggers, and walkers wanting to enjoy time with friends and loved ones. Registration ends on November 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is no official race fee. You can give as much or as little as you want. However-a $40 minimum donation is required to get our soft T-shirt. Our goal is to feed as many families in Central Ohio as we can. You can help by running our race, spreading the word, or making a donation. You may bring any donation you want, from a can of soup to cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremony (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks For Giving 4 Miler kicks off!
Awards
The top three overall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and above. Every participant of the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
For safety, please no bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, or participation with pets.
1. What is Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run
A. A marathon race. B. A charity event.
C. A kid-targeted activity. D. A holiday get-together.
2. What will a man ranking second in his age group be sure to win
A. A soft T-shirt. B. A pumpkin pie.
C. A gift certificate. D. A finisher’s medal.
3. What is required for participation
A. Bringing a donation.
B. Reaching a certain age.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Wearing safety equipment.
B
“In the future, everybody will be famous for 15 minutes,” said US artist Andy Warhol（1928 —1987）. And he is quite right. Now it seems that anybody can become an instant online celebrity.
Warhol is best noted for his paintings that represent celebrity faces and US consumer goods, like Coca-Cola bottles or Campbel’s soup cans. As a great influence on the twentieth century pop art movement, Andy Warhol rose to become a cornerstone in the contemporary art world, devoted to bringing his views on materialism, polities and economics to the art. Actually, the visual world Warhol created is directly connected to his background.
In the mid-1950s, the working class gathered a great deal of fortune. They wanted to achieve a higher status in society. “The consumer goods and Hollywood faces are a working-class-coded iconography（肖像）that is often misinterpreted as generally ‘American’.” Anthony E. Grudin, author of Warhol’s Working Class commented. Reproducing these themes in his work meant that people outside of the art world could immediately connect with Warhol’s pictures. Considered “a creature of transformation”, Warhol constantly explored with different forms of media to evoke resonance among people.
For example, in addition to being a painter, Warhol was, in the words of UK writer Peter Wollen: “A filmmaker, a writer, a photographer, a TV soap opera producer.” Warhol, in short, was what we might call a ‘Renaissance（文艺复兴） man’, even though he was a leader in pop or perhaps post-modern art.
In his later years, he founded Interview Magazine and wrote several books, including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol. But UK artist Gillian Wearing said, “Warhol left his mark in many more ways than his actual work.” Warhol’s works are all about “America, money, fame and death”, UK writer Jon Savage remarked. “He summer up , defined and in many ways symbolized the world in which we now live.”
4. What’s Andy Warhol’s purpose of creating his paintings
A. To highlight Renaissance style. B. To combine art with materialism.
C. To attain fame and higher status. D. To challenge traditional art forms.
5. What do Andy Warhol’s paintings focus on
A. Popular drinks. B. Average people.
C. Commercial products. D. Living scenes of working class.
6. What kind of person is Andy Warhol according to the text
A. Constructive and multi-talented. B. Conservative and realistic.
C. Optimistic and encouraging. D. Creative and critical.
7. In which column of the newspaper can we read the passage
A. Health. B. Sports. C. Science. D. People.
C
People, especially adults, have every reason to be concerned about the impact addictive screens make on social skills among youngsters. Recently, researchers compared teachers’ and parents’ evaluation of children who started kindergarten in 1998 — six years before Facebook was launched — with that of those who began school in 2010, when the first iPad was released.
The idea for the study was inspired several years ago when Downey, lead author of the study, had an argument at a pizza restaurant with his son, Nick, about whether social skills had been suffering among the new generation of youngsters. “Nick asked me how I knew that. And that was when I realized there really wasn’t any solid evidence,” Downey said. So Downey, with his colleagues, decided to investigate.
For their study, they used data from the Barly Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS), which is run by the National Center for Educational Statistics. The ECLS followed children from kindergarten to fifth grade. The researchers compared data on the children who began kindergarten in 1998 (19,150 students) with that on those beginning kindergarten in 2010 (13,400 students). Results showed that children’s social skills did not decline between the 1998 and 2010 groups. And similar patterns remained as the children progressed to fifth grade. Even children within the two groups who had the heaviest exposure to screens showed similar development in social skills compared to those little screen exposure.
While Downey was initially surprised to see that time spent on screens didn’t affect social skills, he really shouldn’t have been. “There is a tendency for every generation at my age to start to have concerns about the younger generation. It is an old story,” he said. These worries often involve “moral panic” over new technology. Adults are concerned when technological change starts to erode traditional relationships, particularly the parent-child relationship.
New generations are learning that having good social relationships means being able to communicate successfully both face to face and online. “You have to know how to communicate by email, on Facebook and Twitter, as well as face to face. We just looked at face-to-face social skills in this study, but future studies should look at digital social skills as well.” Downey said.
8. What drove Downey to conduct the study
A. To argue his friend down. B. To build kids’ social skills.
C. To liberate kids from addictive devices. D. To seek definite proof for his viewpoint.
9. How much do we know about Downey’s findings
A. They confirmed his previous belief.
B. They showed the impact of social media.
C. They totally disagreed with his assumption.
D. They got him more worried about younger generations’ social skills.
10. What does the underlined word “erode” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A Enhance. B. Damage. C. Boost. D. Prohibit.
11. Which of the following may Downey agree with
A. As for new generations’ social skills it’s necessary to readjust assessments.
B. It’s urgent to minimize the use of digital devices among young people.
C. Face-to-face exchanges may give way to online communication someday.
D. Unlike the old, youngsters are better at communicating in the Digital Age.
D
Many of us are disgusted by spiders’ furry legs, or even afraid of them. We don’t like to touch them or go near them. But they are more complicated than we can even imagine. Spiders’ legs seem to have minds of their own. According to a new study, each leg of a spider functions as a semi-independent “computer”, with sensors reading the immediate environment and causing movements accordingly. This helps spiders quickly build perfect webs. The researchers imitated surprisingly simple rules to govern this complex behavior, which could eventually be applied to robotics.
The study involves “morphological computation (形态计算)”, the idea of a function controlled by a body part instead of relying on the brain for instructions. Examples include the human knee jerk reflex (膝跳反射) and the act of walking. “Basically there’s a shortcut, and the brain doesn’t even know what’s happening down there,” says Oxford biologist Fritz Vollrath, the lead author of the paper.
Roboticists also show interest in morphological computation: It saves computing power and time. But few studies have deeply looked at the phenomenon in nature. Spiders, Vollrath says, are ideal for an experiment to bridge this gap — not only because it is easy to spot design changes in their webs but also because spiders reproduce broken-off legs.
Vollrath and his co-author, Thiemo Krink, a computer scientist, filmed and digitized the movements of several cross spiders, each with partially reproduced, half-length legs at certain positions. These spiders built webs as quickly and perfectly as those with eight full-length legs. If the brain were computing how to compensate for shorter legs, the researchers say, they would have seen tiny but measurable delays in operation. Instead the study hints a spider’s leg receives basic brain commands but adjusts its movements based on local input from sensors, which include hairs and slits in the body covering.
The researchers tested the rules by programming a simulated virtual spider, and Vollrath says the next step is to build a physical spider robot.
“I find this work extremely interesting, telling us more about spiders and also about morphological computation,” says Cecilia Laschi, a bio-roboticist, now at the National University of Singapore, who wasn’t involved in the study. “You never know what amazing innovations basic science like this could bring.”
12. Why does the author mention spiders at the very beginning
A. To introduce morphological computation.
B. To stress the unique features of their webs.
C. To draw attention to their potential applications in medicine.
D. To present the common functions that spiders and humans share.
13. What’s the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 3
A. To highlight the specialties of spiders in the wild.
B. To explain the benefits of morphological computation.
C. To illustrate the principle of morphological computation.
D. To show the cause of selecting spiders for the research subjects.
14. What inferences can be drawn from observing the cross spiders
A. The spiders didn’t need half-length legs to make better webs.
B. The spiders’ brains has a relatively small role to play in their web designing.
C. The spiders’ brains didn’t know what legs were doing down there.
D. The spiders with broken-off legs were seen obvious delays in action.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Study Shows Spiders Could Make Webs with Half Legs
B Researchers Are Trying to Make Semi-independent “Computer”
C. Morphological Computation Draws the Attention of Researchers
D. Researchers Study the Secret to Spiders’ Ability to Stick
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many other surprising health benefits. _____16_____.
It eases pain.
____17____ Are you sore from yesterday’s workout Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat It might be very tempting to skip this step since pain will make you want to sit still. But actually increasing your heart rate and working up a sweat is one of the best things you can do for your pain while sitting around will just make you even more stiff and sore.
It gets rid of toxins (毒素).
Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives.____18____, and are created naturally in the body. Sweating is a great way to expel (排出) those toxins from the body, which serves to better your immune system. It can also help get rid of substances like alcohol and salt.
____19____.
Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽), which make you happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and promote relaxation. Next time you’re feeling stressed out or need a break to clear your mind, think about hitting up a hot yoga class or taking a few minutes for yourself in the sauna to ease your mind.
It helps you avoid kidney stones.
One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. ____20____. The more frequently you find yourself sweating, the better.
A. It makes you happier
B. Did you wake up with back pain
C. Where does the toxin come from
D. Here are some top benefits of sweating in summer
E. Sweating also helps prevent pollutants from entering the body
F. This helps keep those elements from your kidneys where small stones will form
G. They come from the pollution in the air, our food
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Because of his severe lung disease, Michael Surrell would be the last person to get into any emergency, let alone a (n) ____21____ building. But that was not the case with the ____22____ happening one day.
At first, he didn’t notice black smoke ____23____ out of his neighbor’s windows, until his daughter phoned to say “The house next door is on fire!” He ____24____ out and found the woman in a wheelchair crying ____25____ on the porch, “The baby girl’s on the second floor!”
At that, he immediately dived into the burning ____26____. Thick and stifling (令人窒息的) smoke just ____27____ his eyes. Yet thanks to the familiar layout, he managed to find the dark staircase and ____28____ his way to the second floor. Moments later, his throat and lungs ____29____ as if he’d breathed fire. Then he heard a baby’s ____30____ and broken cries. Unable to see, Surrell ____31____, and crawled toward the sound, feeling around for Tiara. He knew he couldn’t hold his ____32____ for too long before passing out.
All of a sudden, his fingers closed around a ____33____ wrist. Wild with excitement, he ____34____ it closer, scooped up the baby, struggled his way downstairs through the smoke and put Tiara, who was already ____35____, down gently on the porch. Then he started CPR. After several ____36____, she opened her eyes and met his. Surrell hugged her ____37____, saying, “Uncle’s got you.” Suddenly his knees went weak. Then he collapsed onto the floor, ____38____ .
The next thing he knew, he ____39____ himself lying in bed in a hospital. His ____40____ significantly worsened but he joked “That’s a small price to pay”.
21.
A. smoky B. new C. modern D. old
22.
A. flame B. incident C. theme D. circumstance
23.
A. taking B. emerging C. pouring D. jumping
24.
A. watched B. put C. turned D. rushed
25.
A. desperately B. deliberately C. impatiently D. calmly
26.
A. school B. house C. restaurant D. store
27.
A. caught B. cured C. treated D. stung
28.
A. touched B. missed C. felt D. grabbed
29.
A. stuck B. closed C. burned D. frozen
30.
A. low B. high C. strong D. powerful
31.
A. broke out B. fell over C. knelt down D. looked forward
32.
A. breath B. case C. lung D. patience
33.
A. man’s B. woman’s C. baby’s D. boy’s
34.
A. slid B. dragged C. held D. hit
35.
A. faint B. anxious C. scared D. asleep
36.
A. experiments B. arrests C. rubs D. tries
37.
A. sadly B. tightly C. weakly D. angrily
38.
A. unreliable B. unfriendly C. unconscious D. unhappy
39.
A. woke B. kept C. witnessed D. found
40.
A. education B. condition C. emergency D. psychology
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum to celebrate the____41____(ten) anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. The forum was considered ___42___(extreme) important in building the Belt and Road.
Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation ___43___(turn) into real projects. He also ___44___(say) that China would take eight major steps to support high-quality Bel t and Road cooperation, including green development and the advance of science and technology. So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s ___45___(large) platform for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations ___46___(build) the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of ____47____is the China-Laos Railway. It was put into use in December 2021, ___48___(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia.
“Bel t and Road cooperation was suggested ___49___ China, but its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt that the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make ____50____ great difference to the world in the future.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Many senior high school students have children’s book that they no longer need. Therefore, my school organize a book drive, with the purpose of donate books to disadvantaged families with young children last weekend. The activity lasted for a week and students in mine school were encouraged collect gently used children’s books from family members, friends and neighbors. I, along with other volunteers, were responsible for checking the donated books and packing them. In order to perform the task well, I had learned what to pack things from my father in the advance. Though I was tiring at the end of the week, I was happy that I got involved in doing something that is benefit to the community.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者。写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：
1. 个人感悟；
2. 如何准备；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
听力答案：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B汉中市汉台区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考
英语试题
注意事项：
1．本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Their apartments. B．Their roommates. C．Their sleep problems.
2．What is “couscous”
A．A new hotel. B．A kind of food. C．A close relative.
3．What does the man mean
A．He watched the game. B．He missed the game. C．He disliked the game.
4．How does the woman’s family celebrate Christmas now
A．By cooking at her parents’ home.
B．By eating out at an Italian restaurant.
C．By going to the Christmas Tree Festival.
5．What do we know about the man
A．He arrived before 3:00 p. m.
B．He didn’t make a reservation.
C．He can’t check in at the hotel.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What was the woman’s first job
A．A secretary. B．A manager. C．A cleaner.
7．How long did the woman work at Teknik Ltd
A．For three years. B．For four years. C．For seven years.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What makes the man change his appointment
A．The traffic due to the bad weather.
B．His urgent problem at work.
C．An unexpected visitor.
9．When will the man meet Dr. Martin
A．On Wednesday. B．On Thursday. C．On Tuesday.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who does the man think is the most qualified
A．Amy. B．Cameron. C．Hector.
11．What is the woman unsatisfied with Karine
A．Her language ability. B．Her little enthusiasm. C．Her lack of confidence.
12．What do we know about Hector
A．He is the best of the four.
B．He expects the highest salary.
C．He is always punctual.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man doing at first
A．Looking for an English language book.
B．Searching for an English magazine.
C．Practicing pronunciation of words.
14．What will the man most probably do
A．Go to the philosophy section.
B．Keep the book for more than two months.
C．Get three books at the same time.
15．How much will the man pay
A．$ 400. B．$ 190. C．$ 150.
16．How does the woman sound
B．Indifferent. C．Disappointed. A．Patient.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did the speaker buy his tickets
A．Three months in advance.
B．Three weeks in advance.
C．Five to ten days in advance.
18．How much does a guide generally pay for a plane ticket
A．Half of the regular fare.
B．Two-thirds of the regular fare.
C．One quarter of the regular fare.
19．Where can senior and youth passes be used
A．In Europe. B．In India. C．In Japan.
20．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How to buy train tickets. B．How to travel for less. C．How to travel on a plane.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thanks For Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. November 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up today for the 2023 Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Come out and join us for a fun kick off to Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.
All are welcome, including competitive runners, joggers, and walkers wanting to enjoy time with friends and loved ones. Registration ends on November 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is no official race fee. You can give as much or as little as you want. However-a $40 minimum donation is required to get our soft T-shirt. Our goal is to feed as many families in Central Ohio as we can. You can help by running our race, spreading the word, or making a donation. You may bring any donation you want, from a can of soup to cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremony (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks For Giving 4 Miler kicks off!
Awards
The top three overall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and above. Every participant of the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
For safety, please no bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, or participation with pets.
1. What is Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run
A. A marathon race. B. A charity event.
C. A kid-targeted activity. D. A holiday get-together.
2. What will a man ranking second in his age group be sure to win
A. A soft T-shirt. B. A pumpkin pie.
C. A gift certificate. D. A finisher’s medal.
3. What is required for participation
A. Bringing a donation.
B. Reaching a certain age.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Wearing safety equipment.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年感恩节在新奥尔巴尼举行的2023年“感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑”活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.(一如既往，我们100%的净收益将用于帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑是一个慈善活动。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie(以下年龄组的前三名男女选手将获得一个南瓜派)”可知，在他的年龄组中排名第二的人一定会赢得一个南瓜派。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Registration ends on November 22, 2023.(登记截止日期为2023年11月22日)”可推知，参加活动需要提前登记。故选C。
B
“In the future, everybody will be famous for 15 minutes,” said US artist Andy Warhol（1928 —1987）. And he is quite right. Now it seems that anybody can become an instant online celebrity.
Warhol is best noted for his paintings that represent celebrity faces and US consumer goods, like Coca-Cola bottles or Campbel’s soup cans. As a great influence on the twentieth century pop art movement, Andy Warhol rose to become a cornerstone in the contemporary art world, devoted to bringing his views on materialism, polities and economics to the art. Actually, the visual world Warhol created is directly connected to his background.
In the mid-1950s, the working class gathered a great deal of fortune. They wanted to achieve a higher status in society. “The consumer goods and Hollywood faces are a working-class-coded iconography（肖像）that is often misinterpreted as generally ‘American’.” Anthony E. Grudin, author of Warhol’s Working Class commented. Reproducing these themes in his work meant that people outside of the art world could immediately connect with Warhol’s pictures. Considered “a creature of transformation”, Warhol constantly explored with different forms of media to evoke resonance among people.
For example, in addition to being a painter, Warhol was, in the words of UK writer Peter Wollen: “A filmmaker, a writer, a photographer, a TV soap opera producer.” Warhol, in short, was what we might call a ‘Renaissance（文艺复兴） man’, even though he was a leader in pop or perhaps post-modern art.
In his later years, he founded Interview Magazine and wrote several books, including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol. But UK artist Gillian Wearing said, “Warhol left his mark in many more ways than his actual work.” Warhol’s works are all about “America, money, fame and death”, UK writer Jon Savage remarked. “He summer up , defined and in many ways symbolized the world in which we now live.”
4. What’s Andy Warhol’s purpose of creating his paintings
A. To highlight Renaissance style. B. To combine art with materialism.
C. To attain fame and higher status. D. To challenge traditional art forms.
5. What do Andy Warhol’s paintings focus on
A. Popular drinks. B. Average people.
C. Commercial products. D. Living scenes of working class.
6. What kind of person is Andy Warhol according to the text
A. Constructive and multi-talented. B. Conservative and realistic.
C. Optimistic and encouraging. D. Creative and critical.
7. In which column of the newspaper can we read the passage
A. Health. B. Sports. C. Science. D. People.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国艺术家安迪·沃霍尔的一生以及他的成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As a great influence on the twentieth century pop art movement, Andy Warhol rose to become a cornerstone in the contemporary art world, devoted to bringing his views on materialism, politics and economics to the art. (作为20世纪波普艺术运动的重要影响者，安迪·沃霍尔崛起成为当代艺术界的奠基人，致力于将他的唯物主义、政治学和经济学观点引入艺术)”可知，安迪·沃霍尔想要把唯物主义、政治学和经济学观点引入艺术。由此可知，安迪·沃霍尔创作他的画的目的是把艺术与唯物主义结合起来。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Warhol is best noted for his paintings that represent celebrity faces and US consumer goods, like Coca-Cola bottles or Campbel’s soup cans.(沃霍尔以其代表名人面孔和美国消费品，如可口可乐瓶或坎贝尔汤罐的绘画而闻名。）”以及第三段“In the mid-1950s, the working class gathered a great deal of fortune. They wanted to achieve a higher status in society. The consumer goods and Hollywood faces are a “working-class-coded iconography (肖像；意象) that is often misinterpreted as generally ‘American’.” Anthony E. Grudin, author of Warhol’s Working Class commented. Reproducing these themes in his work meant that people outside of the art world could immediately connect with Warhol’s pictures.( 20世纪50年代中期，工人阶级积聚了大量财富。他们想在社会上获得更高的地位。消费品和好莱坞面孔是“工人阶级编码的肖像画，通常被误解为‘美国人’。”《沃霍尔的工人阶级》一书的作者安东尼·格鲁丁评论道。在他的作品中再现这些主题意味着艺术界以外的人可以立即与沃霍尔的作品联系起来)”可知，安迪·沃霍尔的画代表的是名人面孔和美国消费品，人们一看到这些主题的作品，就会和他联系起来。由此可推知，他的作品的重点是商业产品。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文以及倒数第二段“For example, in addition to being a painter, Warhol was, in the words of UK writer Peter Wollen: “A filmmaker, a writer, a photographer, a TV soap opera producer.” Warhol, in short, was what we might call a ‘Renaissance (文艺复兴) man’, even though he was a leader in pop or perhaps post-modern art.(例如，用英国作家彼得·沃伦的话说，沃霍尔除了是一名画家外，还是一名电影制片人、作家、摄影师、电视肥皂剧制片人。简而言之，沃霍尔是我们可以称之为“文艺复兴时期的人”，尽管他是流行音乐或后现代艺术的领导者。)”可推知，沃霍尔是一个建设性的和多才多艺的人。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Warhol is best noted for his paintings that represent celebrity faces and US consumer goods, like Coca-Cola bottles or Campbel’s soup cans.(沃霍尔以其代表名人面孔和美国消费品，如可口可乐瓶或坎贝尔汤罐的绘画而闻名。）”可知，文章主要介绍了美国艺术家安迪·沃霍尔的一生以及他的成就。可推断我们能在报纸的人物栏目看到这篇文章。故选D。
C
People, especially adults, have every reason to be concerned about the impact addictive screens make on social skills among youngsters. Recently, researchers compared teachers’ and parents’ evaluation of children who started kindergarten in 1998 — six years before Facebook was launched — with that of those who began school in 2010, when the first iPad was released.
The idea for the study was inspired several years ago when Downey, lead author of the study, had an argument at a pizza restaurant with his son, Nick, about whether social skills had been suffering among the new generation of youngsters. “Nick asked me how I knew that. And that was when I realized there really wasn’t any solid evidence,” Downey said. So Downey, with his colleagues, decided to investigate.
For their study, they used data from the Barly Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS), which is run by the National Center for Educational Statistics. The ECLS followed children from kindergarten to fifth grade. The researchers compared data on the children who began kindergarten in 1998 (19,150 students) with that on those beginning kindergarten in 2010 (13,400 students). Results showed that children’s social skills did not decline between the 1998 and 2010 groups. And similar patterns remained as the children progressed to fifth grade. Even children within the two groups who had the heaviest exposure to screens showed similar development in social skills compared to those little screen exposure.
While Downey was initially surprised to see that time spent on screens didn’t affect social skills, he really shouldn’t have been. “There is a tendency for every generation at my age to start to have concerns about the younger generation. It is an old story,” he said. These worries often involve “moral panic” over new technology. Adults are concerned when technological change starts to erode traditional relationships, particularly the parent-child relationship.
New generations are learning that having good social relationships means being able to communicate successfully both face to face and online. “You have to know how to communicate by email, on Facebook and Twitter, as well as face to face. We just looked at face-to-face social skills in this study, but future studies should look at digital social skills as well.” Downey said.
8. What drove Downey to conduct the study
A. To argue his friend down. B. To build kids’ social skills.
C. To liberate kids from addictive devices. D. To seek definite proof for his viewpoint.
9. How much do we know about Downey’s findings
A. They confirmed his previous belief.
B. They showed the impact of social media.
C. They totally disagreed with his assumption.
D. They got him more worried about younger generations’ social skills.
10. What does the underlined word “erode” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Enhance. B. Damage. C. Boost. D. Prohibit.
11. Which of the following may Downey agree with
A. As for new generations’ social skills, it’s necessary to readjust assessments.
B. It’s urgent to minimize the use of digital devices among young people.
C. Face-to-face exchanges may give way to online communication someday.
D. Unlike the old, youngsters are better at communicating in the Digital Age.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究者通过比较1998年和2010年入学的幼儿的社交技能发展情况，研究了屏幕使用对年轻人社交技能的影响。研究发现屏幕时间并不会影响社交技能，同时建议未来的研究应该关注数字社交技能的发展。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea for the study was inspired several years ago when Downey, lead author of the study, had an argument at a pizza restaurant with his son, Nick, about whether social skills had been suffering among the new generation of youngsters. “Nick asked me how I knew that. And that was when I realized there really wasn’t any solid evidence,” Downey said. So Downey, with his colleagues, decided to investigate.(这项研究的想法是在几年前产生的。当时，该研究的主要作者唐尼和他的儿子尼克在一家披萨店发生了一场争论，争论的焦点是新一代年轻人的社交技能是否受到了影响。‘尼克问我怎么知道的。那时我才意识到确实没有任何确凿的证据，’唐尼说。所以唐尼和他的同事决定调查一下)”可知，唐尼在与儿子的争论时发现“对屏幕上瘾影响新一代年轻人的社交技能”这一观点缺少证据，为了给自己的观点寻找确凿的证据，唐尼进行这项研究。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Results showed that children’s social skills did not decline between the 1998 and 2010 groups. And similar patterns remained as the children progressed to fifth grade. Even children within the two groups who had the heaviest exposure to screens showed similar development in social skills compared to those little screen exposure.(结果显示，从1998年到2010年，孩子们的社交技能并没有下降。当孩子们升到五年级时，类似的模式仍然存在。即使是两组中接触屏幕最多的孩子，在社交技能方面的发展也与接触屏幕较少的孩子相似)”可知，唐尼调查发现屏幕时间并不会影响社交技能，调查结果与他先前的假设完全相反。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Adults are concerned when technological change starts to erode traditional relationships, particularly the parent-child relationship.(当技术变革开始erode传统关系，尤其是亲子关系时，成年人感到担忧)”中“Adults are concerned”可推知，技术变革“破坏”亲子关系才会导致成年人的担忧，所以划线词erode和damage同义。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Downey话“You have to know how to communicate by email, on Facebook and Twitter, as well as face to face. We just looked at face-to-face social skills in this study, but future studies should look at digital social skills as well.(你必须知道如何通过电子邮件、Facebook和Twitter以及面对面交流。我们在这项研究中只关注了面对面的社交技巧，但未来的研究应该也关注数字社交技巧)”可知，他认为我们现在只关注面对面的社交技巧，建议将来的研究要关注数字社交技巧，由此推知，他认为对于新一代的社交技能，有必要重新调整评估。故选A项。
D
Many of us are disgusted by spiders’ furry legs, or even afraid of them. We don’t like to touch them or go near them. But they are more complicated than we can even imagine. Spiders’ legs seem to have minds of their own. According to a new study, each leg of a spider functions as a semi-independent “computer”, with sensors reading the immediate environment and causing movements accordingly. This helps spiders quickly build perfect webs. The researchers imitated surprisingly simple rules to govern this complex behavior, which could eventually be applied to robotics.
The study involves “morphological computation (形态计算)”, the idea of a function controlled by a body part instead of relying on the brain for instructions. Examples include the human knee jerk reflex (膝跳反射) and the act of walking. “Basically there’s a shortcut, and the brain doesn’t even know what’s happening down there,” says Oxford biologist Fritz Vollrath, the lead author of the paper.
Roboticists also show interest in morphological computation: It saves computing power and time. But few studies have deeply looked at the phenomenon in nature. Spiders, Vollrath says, are ideal for an experiment to bridge this gap — not only because it is easy to spot design changes in their webs but also because spiders reproduce broken-off legs.
Vollrath and his co-author, Thiemo Krink, a computer scientist, filmed and digitized the movements of several cross spiders, each with partially reproduced, half-length legs at certain positions. These spiders built webs as quickly and perfectly as those with eight full-length legs. If the brain were computing how to compensate for shorter legs, the researchers say, they would have seen tiny but measurable delays in operation. Instead the study hints a spider’s leg receives basic brain commands but adjusts its movements based on local input from sensors, which include hairs and slits in the body covering.
The researchers tested the rules by programming a simulated virtual spider, and Vollrath says the next step is to build a physical spider robot.
“I find this work extremely interesting, telling us more about spiders and also about morphological computation,” says Cecilia Laschi, a bio-roboticist, now at the National University of Singapore, who wasn’t involved in the study. “You never know what amazing innovations basic science like this could bring.”
12. Why does the author mention spiders at the very beginning
A. To introduce morphological computation.
B. To stress the unique features of their webs.
C. To draw attention to their potential applications in medicine.
D. To present the common functions that spiders and humans share.
13. What’s the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 3
A. To highlight the specialties of spiders in the wild.
B. To explain the benefits of morphological computation.
C. To illustrate the principle of morphological computation.
D. To show the cause of selecting spiders for the research subjects.
14. What inferences can be drawn from observing the cross spiders
A. The spiders didn’t need half-length legs to make better webs.
B. The spiders’ brains has a relatively small role to play in their web designing.
C. The spiders’ brains didn’t know what legs were doing down there.
D. The spiders with broken-off legs were seen obvious delays in action.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Study Shows Spiders Could Make Webs with Half Legs
B. Researchers Are Trying to Make Semi-independent “Computer”
C. Morphological Computation Draws the Attention of Researchers
D. Researchers Study the Secret to Spiders’ Ability to Stick
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们的一项新的研究发现，蜘蛛织网时并不过度依赖大脑，而是依靠腿部传感器读取周围的环境，并据此做出相应的动作。这项研究发现吸引了研究人员的兴趣，其中所涉及的“形态计算”规则将帮助科学家研发机器人。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中开头“Many of us are disgusted by spiders’ furry legs, or even afraid of them. We don’t like to touch them or go near them.(我们中的许多人都讨厌蜘蛛毛茸茸的腿，甚至害怕它们。我们不喜欢碰他们或接近他们。) 首先阐述很多人都讨厌或害怕蜘蛛毛茸茸的腿；下文“According to a new study, each leg of a spider functions as a semi-independent “computer”, with sensors reading the immediate environment and causing movements accordingly. This helps spiders quickly build perfect webs. The researchers imitated surprisingly simple rules to govern this complex behavior, which could eventually be applied to robotics.(根据一项新的研究，蜘蛛的每条腿就像一台半独立的‘电脑’，它的传感器可以读取周围的环境，并据此做出相应的动作。这有助于蜘蛛快速织网。)”指出，研究表明蜘蛛每条腿上的传感器可以读取周围的环境，并据此做出相应的动作，有助于蜘蛛快速织网；文章第二段中“The study involves “morphological computation (形态计算)”, the idea of a function controlled by a body part instead of relying on the brain for instructions.(这项研究涉及‘形态计算’，即由身体部位控制的功能，而不是依赖于大脑的指令。)”指出，这项研究中所涉及的由身体部位控制而不是依赖于大脑指令的功能就是“形态计算”；由此可知，文章开头提到蜘蛛是为了引出“形态计算”。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段“Roboticists also show interest in morphological computation: It saves computing power and time. But few studies have deeply looked at the phenomenon in nature. Spiders, Vollrath says, are ideal for an experiment to bridge this gap — not only because it is easy to spot design changes in their webs but also because spiders reproduce broken-off legs.(机器人专家也对形态计算感兴趣：它节省了计算能力和时间。但很少有研究深入研究自然界的这种现象。Vollrath说，蜘蛛是填补这一空白的理想实验对象——除了蛛网的几何变化容易辨识以外，蜘蛛的腿在折断后也能再生。)”指出机器人专家也对形态计算感兴趣，因为它节省了计算能力和时间，蜘蛛成为填补这一空白的理想实验对象是因为不仅蛛网的几何变化容易辨识，而且蜘蛛的腿在折断后也能再生；由此可知，作者在第三段主要阐述了选择蜘蛛作为研究对象的原因。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Vollrath and his co-author, Thiemo Krink, a computer scientist, filmed and digitized the movements of several cross spiders, each with partially reproduced, half-length legs at certain positions. These spiders built webs as quickly and perfectly as those with eight full-length legs. If the brain were computing how to compensate for shorter legs, the researchers say, they would have seen tiny but measurable delays in operation. Instead the study hints a spider’s leg receives basic brain commands but adjusts its movements based on local input from sensors, which include hairs and slits in the body covering.(Vollrath和他的合著者、计算机科学家Thiemo Krink拍摄了几只十字园蛛的运动，并将相关运动数字化，每只都在特定位置长着部分再生的半长腿。这些蜘蛛织网的速度和完成度与那些有八条长腿的蜘蛛一样。研究人员说，如果大脑在计算如何弥补腿短带来的问题，他们就会看到微小但可测量的操作延迟。相反，研究表明，蜘蛛的腿接受基本的大脑指令，但根据来自传感器的局部信号调整其运动，这些传感器包括身体上的毛发和缝隙。)”可知，Vollrath和Thiemo通过观察几只都在特定位置长着部分再生的半长腿的十字园蛛的运动，发现这些十字园蛛织网时大脑在计算如何弥补腿短带来的问题时有微小但可测量的操作延迟，然而蜘蛛的腿虽然接收了来自大脑的基础指令，但会根据传感器接收的局部信号调整自身的移动；由此可推知，这些十字园蛛的大脑在它们织网中所起的作用相对较小。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“According to a new study, each leg of a spider functions as a semi-independent “computer”, with sensors reading the immediate environment and causing movements accordingly. This helps spiders quickly build perfect webs. The researchers imitated surprisingly simple rules to govern this complex behavior, which could eventually be applied to robotics.(据一项新的研究，蜘蛛的每条腿就像一台半独立的‘电脑’，它的传感器可以读取周围的环境，并据此做出相应的动作。这有助于蜘蛛快速织网。研究人员模仿了非常简单的规则来控制这种复杂的行为，最终可以应用于机器人。)”以及第二段中“The study involves “morphological computation (形态计算)”, the idea of a function controlled by a body part instead of relying on the brain for instructions. (这项研究涉及‘形态计算’，即由身体部位控制的功能，而不是依赖于大脑的指令。)”可知，文章主要阐述科学家研究发现，蜘蛛织网时并不过度依赖大脑，而是依靠腿部传感器读取周围的环境做出相应的动作，这项研究发现吸引了研究人员的兴趣，其中所涉及的“形态计算”规则将帮助科学家研发机器人；由此可知，C选项“Morphological Computation Draws the Attention of Researchers(形态计算引起了研究人员的广泛关注)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many other surprising health benefits. _____16_____.
It eases pain.
____17____ Are you sore from yesterday’s workout Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. It might be very tempting to skip this step since pain will make you want to sit still. But actually increasing your heart rate and working up a sweat is one of the best things you can do for your pain while sitting around will just make you even more stiff and sore.
It gets rid of toxins (毒素).
Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives.____18____, and are created naturally in the body. Sweating is a great way to expel (排出) those toxins from the body, which serves to better your immune system. It can also help get rid of substances like alcohol and salt.
____19____.
Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽), which make you happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and promote relaxation. Next time you’re feeling stressed out or need a break to clear your mind, think about hitting up a hot yoga class or taking a few minutes for yourself in the sauna to ease your mind.
It helps you avoid kidney stones.
One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. ____20____. The more frequently you find yourself sweating, the better.
A. It makes you happier
B. Did you wake up with back pain
C. Where does the toxin come from
D. Here are some top benefits of sweating in summer
E. Sweating also helps prevent pollutants from entering the body
F. This helps keep those elements from your kidneys where small stones will form
G. They come from the pollution in the air, our food
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏天出汗的主要好处。
【16题详解】
上文“While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many: other surprising health benefits. (汗液就像内置的空调一样，把汗液排出来还有很多其他意想不到的健康益处)”说明排汗有健康益处，选项D“这里有一些夏季出汗的主要益处。”承接上文，点明文章主题，引出下列各段，说明夏季出汗的主要益处。故选D项。
【17题详解】
下文“Are you sore from yesterday’s workout (你昨天锻炼后感到疼痛吗？)”提出疼痛问题，选项B“你醒来时腰疼吗？”和下文并列，提出一个疼痛问题，两个问题引出下文“Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. (那么缓解疼痛的最好方法就是出一身汗)”给出缓解疼痛的最好办法。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives. (在我们的日常生活中，我们的身体会受到很多毒素的影响)”说明身体受毒素影响，选项G“它们来自空气中的污染，我们的食物，并在体内自然产生。”承接上文，说明毒素是怎样产生的。选项中They指上文中toxins。故选G项。
【19题详解】
空处为段落标题。下文“Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽) , which make you happy. (伴随着锻炼带来的成就感，出汗会释放内啡肽，让你感到快乐)”说明出汗能带来快乐，选项A“它让你更快乐”总结概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. (出汗的一个鲜为人知的好处是它可以降低患肾结石的风险。研究表明，出汗可以帮助你排出盐分，保持骨骼中的钙)”说明出汗能预防肾结石，出汗可以帮助排盐保钙，选项F“这有助于防止肾脏中的这些元素形成小结石。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。选项中kidney和上文词汇重叠，故选F项。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Because of his severe lung disease, Michael Surrell would be the last person to get into any emergency, let alone a (n) ____21____ building. But that was not the case with the ____22____ happening one day.
At first, he didn’t notice black smoke ____23____ out of his neighbor’s windows, until his daughter phoned to say “The house next door is on fire!” He ____24____ out and found the woman in a wheelchair crying ____25____ on the porch, “The baby girl’s on the second floor!”
At that, he immediately dived into the burning ____26____. Thick and stifling (令人窒息的) smoke just ____27____ his eyes. Yet thanks to the familiar layout, he managed to find the dark staircase and ____28____ his way to the second floor. Moments later, his throat and lungs ____29____ as if he’d breathed fire. Then he heard a baby’s ____30____ and broken cries. Unable to see, Surrell ____31____, and crawled toward the sound, feeling around for Tiara. He knew he couldn’t hold his ____32____ for too long before passing out.
All of a sudden, his fingers closed around a ____33____ wrist. Wild with excitement, he ____34____ it closer, scooped up the baby, struggled his way downstairs through the smoke and put Tiara, who was already ____35____, down gently on the porch. Then he started CPR. After several ____36____, she opened her eyes and met his. Surrell hugged her ____37____, saying, “Uncle’s got you.” Suddenly his knees went weak. Then he collapsed onto the floor, ____38____ .
The next thing he knew, he ____39____ himself lying in bed in a hospital. His ____40____ significantly worsened but he joked “That’s a small price to pay”.
21.
A. smoky B. new C. modern D. old
22.
A. flame B. incident C. theme D. circumstance
23.
A. taking B. emerging C. pouring D. jumping
24.
A. watched B. put C. turned D. rushed
25.
A. desperately B. deliberately C. impatiently D. calmly
26.
A. school B. house C. restaurant D. store
27.
A. caught B. cured C. treated D. stung
28.
A. touched B. missed C. felt D. grabbed
29.
A. stuck B. closed C. burned D. frozen
30.
A. low B. high C. strong D. powerful
31.
A. broke out B. fell over C. knelt down D. looked forward
32.
A. breath B. case C. lung D. patience
33.
A. man’s B. woman’s C. baby’s D. boy’s
34.
A. slid B. dragged C. held D. hit
35.
A. faint B. anxious C. scared D. asleep
36.
A. experiments B. arrests C. rubs D. tries
37.
A. sadly B. tightly C. weakly D. angrily
38.
A. unreliable B. unfriendly C. unconscious D. unhappy
39.
A. woke B. kept C. witnessed D. found
40.
A. education B. condition C. emergency D. psychology
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了患有严重的肺部疾病的Michael Surrell勇敢闯入着火的房子救人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于患有严重的肺部疾病，Michael Surrell是最不可能进入任何紧急情况的人，更不用说进入烟雾弥漫的大楼了。A. smoky烟雾弥漫的；B. new新的；C. modern现代的；D. old老的。根据前文的“Because of his severe lung disease”可知，由于患有严重的肺部疾病，所以他不应该进入烟雾弥漫的大楼。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一天发生的事件却不是这样。A. flame火焰；B. incident事件；C. theme主题；D. circumstance条件。根据后文的“The house next door is on fire!”和“At that, he immediately dived into the burning 6 ”可知，发生火灾的那天事情不一样。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他没有注意到黑烟从邻居的窗户里涌现出来，直到他的女儿打电话说：“隔壁的房子着火了！”A. taking拿 ；B. emerging出现；C. pouring不断涌现；D. jumping跳跃。根据后文的“out of his neighbor’s windows, until his daughter phoned to say “The house next door is on fire!”可知，隔壁的房子着火了，所以黑烟从邻居的窗户里涌现出来。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他冲出去，发现那个坐在轮椅上的女人在门廊上绝望地哭着：“女婴在二楼！”A. watched看；B. put放下；C. turned转向；D. rushed冲。根据前文的“The house next door is on fire!”和后文“out and found the woman in a wheelchair crying”可知，得知着火后，他冲出去，才能看见邻居。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他冲出去，发现那个坐在轮椅上的女人在门廊上绝望地哭喊着：“女婴在二楼！”A. desperately绝望地；B. deliberately故意地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. calmly冷静地。根据后文的“The baby girl’s on the second floor”可知，着火了，而且女婴在二楼，所以女人在门廊上绝望地哭喊着。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了这话，他立刻跳进了着火的房子里。A. school学校；B. house房子；C. restaurant餐厅；D. store商店。根据前文的“The house next door is on fire!”可知，隔壁的房子着火了，所以立刻跳进了着火的房子里。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：浓厚而令人窒息的烟雾刺痛了他的眼睛。A. caught抓住；B. cured治愈；C. treated治疗；D. stung(使)感觉刺痛，感觉灼痛。根据前文的“Thick and stifling (令人窒息的) smoke”和后文“his eyes”可知，烟雾刺痛了他的眼睛。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于熟悉的布局，他设法找到了黑暗的楼梯，摸索着走到了二楼。A. touched触摸；B. missed错过；C. felt摸索；D. grabbed抓住。根据前文的“Thick and stifling (令人窒息的) smoke just 7 his eyes”和后文“his way to the second floor”可知，浓厚而令人窒息的烟雾刺痛了他的眼睛，所以他摸索着走到了二楼。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：片刻之后，他的喉咙和肺部火辣辣地痛，就好像他吸入了火。A. stuck卡住；B. closed关闭；C. burned火辣辣地痛，燃烧；D. frozen冻结。根据后文的“as if he’d breathed fire”可知，好像他吸入了火，所以他的喉咙和肺部火辣辣地痛。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着，他听到一个婴儿低而破碎的哭声。A. low低的；B. high高的；C. strong强烈的；D. powerful强大的。根据前文的“Moments later, his throat and lungs 9 as if he’d breathed fire.”和后文“and broken cries”可知，房子中的烟很大，婴儿也很不舒服，所以发出低而破碎的哭声。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：看不见的Surrell跪了下来，向声音的方向爬去，摸索着寻找Tiara。A. broke out爆发；B. fell over跌倒；C. knelt down跪下；D. looked forward期待。根据后文的“and crawled toward the sound”可知，他向声音的方向爬去，所以此处指Surrell跪了下来。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道自己不能屏住呼吸太久，否则就会昏倒。A. breath呼吸；B. case案例；C. lung肺；D. patience耐心。根据前文的“hold his”后文的“for too long before passing out”可知，此处指屏住呼吸。hold one’s breath“屏住呼吸”为固定短语。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词所有格辨析。句意：突然，他的手指抓住了一个婴儿的手腕。A. man’s男人的；B. woman’s女人的；C. baby’s婴儿的；D. boy’s男孩的。根据前文的“Then he heard a baby’s 10 and broken cries.”可知，他来救婴儿的，所以他的手指抓住了一个婴儿的手腕。故选C项。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他兴奋得发疯，把它拉近一些，抱起婴儿，在烟雾中挣扎着下楼，把已经昏倒的Tiara轻轻地放在门廊上。A. slid滑动；B. dragged拖动；C. held持有；D. hit打。根据前文的“All of a sudden, his fingers closed around a 13 wrist.”和后文“scooped up the baby”可知，他的手指抓住了一个婴儿的手腕，所以接下来把它拉近一些，才能接下来抱起婴儿。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他兴奋得发疯，把它拉近一些，抱起婴儿，在烟雾中挣扎着下楼，把已经昏厥的Tiara轻轻地放在门廊上。A. faint昏厥的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. scared害怕的；D. asleep睡着的。根据后文的“Then he started CPR”可知，然后他开始心肺复苏，可知Tiara昏厥了。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几次尝试，她睁开了眼睛，和他的眼睛相遇了。A. experiments实验；B. arrests逮捕；C. rubs摩擦；D. tries尝试。根据前文的“Then he started CPR”和后文的“she opened her eyes and met his”可知，经过几次心肺复苏的尝试，她睁开了眼睛。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Surrell紧紧抱住她，说：“叔叔在你身边。”A. sadly伤心地；B. tightly紧紧地；C. weakly 虚弱地；D. angrily愤怒地。根据前文的“she opened her eyes and met his. Surrell hugged her”可知，Surrell救活了孩子，所以紧紧抱住她。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，他的膝盖发软了。然后他倒在地板上，失去了知觉。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. unfriendly不友好的；C. unconscious无意识的，失去知觉的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据前文的“Because of his severe lung disease”和“Suddenly his knees went weak. Then he collapsed onto the floor”可知，他患有严重的肺部疾病，所以救出人后，他倒在地板上，失去了知觉。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来，他发现自己躺在医院的床上。A. woke醒来；B. kept保持；C. witnessed见证；D. found发现。根据后文的“himself lying in bed in a hospital”可知，他发现自己躺在医院的床上。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的状况明显恶化，但他开玩笑说：“这是一个小小的代价。”A. education教育；B. condition状态，状况；C. emergency紧急情况；D. psychology心理学。根据前文的“Because of his severe lung disease”和“significantly worsened”可知，他的状况明显恶化。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum to celebrate the____41____(ten) anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. The forum was considered ___42___(extreme) important in building the Belt and Road.
Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation ___43___(turn) into real projects. He also ___44___(say) that China would take eight major steps to support high-quality Bel t and Road cooperation, including green development and the advance of science and technology. So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s ___45___(large) platform for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations ___46___(build) the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of ____47____is the China-Laos Railway. It was put into use in December 2021, ___48___(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia.
“Bel t and Road cooperation was suggested ___49___ China, but its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt that the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make ____50____ great difference to the world in the future.
【答案】41. tenth
42. extremely
43. had been turned
44. said 45. largest
46. to build
47. which 48. helping
49. by 50. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。为庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加备受瞩目的第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛。文章简要回顾了十年来“一带一路”的影响和成果。
【41题详解】
考查序数词。句意：10月18日，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加一个引人注目的论坛，庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。提示词作定语，表示“第十”，用序数词tenth。故填tenth。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：论坛被认为对“一带一路”建设至关重要。提示词修饰形容词important，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极度，非常”。故填extremely。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：他说，10年来，“一带一路”合作的规划已经变成了实实在在的项目。分析句子可知，动词短语turn...into(使变成)是宾语从句中谓语，与主语plans之间是被动关系，主句是一般过去时态，结合从句中时间状语over the past 10 years可知，从句中应使用过去完成时态，表示从“过去的过去”持续到“过去”的动作。综上，谓语应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been turned。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他还表示，中国将采取包括绿色发展和科技进步在内的八项重大举措，支持高质量的“一带一路”合作。分析句子可知，say(说)是主语谓语动词，与主语He之间是主动关系，根据上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填said。
【45题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：迄今为止，“一带一路”倡议已成为世界上最大的国际合作平台。提示词作定语，结合句意和句中“the world’s”可推知，表示世界上“最大的”国际合作平台，用形容词最高级。故填largest。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2023年6月，中国已与152个国家和32个国际组织合作共建“一带一路”。根据句意，“(build) the Belt and Road”是“China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：10年来，两国共开展了3000多个合作项目，中老铁路就其中之一。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词projects，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它于2021年12月投入使用，帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。“(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia”作结果状语，help是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 It(即the China-Laos Railway)之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填helping。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：“一带一路”合作是中国倡议，但成果是世界共享。句中使用了被动语态，China是施动者，由介词by引出。故填by。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议在未来将继续对世界产生巨大影响。make a difference是固定短语，意为“产生影响”， great发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Many senior high school students have children’s book that they no longer need. Therefore, my school organize a book drive, with the purpose of donate books to disadvantaged families with young children last weekend. The activity lasted for a week and students in mine school were encouraged collect gently used children’s books from family members, friends and neighbors. I, along with other volunteers, were responsible for checking the donated books and packing them. In order to perform the task well, I had learned what to pack things from my father in the advance. Though I was tiring at the end of the week, I was happy that I got involved in doing something that is benefit to the community.
【答案】
1. book→ books
2. organize→ organized
3. donate→ donating
4. mine→ my
5. collect前加to
6. were→ was
7. what→ how
8. 删掉the
9. tiring→ tired
10. benefit→ beneficial
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记述作者参与募捐书籍活动的经历。
【详解】1. 考查名词数。句意：许多高中生都有不再需要的儿童读物。book“书”为可数名词，根据Many可知，许多高中生拥有的书不止一本，应用名词复数形式，作have的宾语。故将book 改为books。
2. 考查动词时态。句意：因此，我的学校在上周末组织了一次图书募捐活动，目的是向有年幼孩子的贫困家庭捐赠图书。根据时间状语last weekend可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用organize“组织”的过去式形式。 故将organize改为organized。
3. 考查动名词。句意：因此，我的学校在上周末组织了一次图书募捐活动，目的是向有年幼孩子的贫困家庭捐赠图书。介词of后应用donate“捐赠”的动名词形式，作of的宾语。 故将donate 改为donating。
4. 考查代词。句意：活动持续了一个星期，我们学校的学生被鼓励从家人、朋友和邻居那里收集用过的儿童书籍。名词school应用形容词性物主代词my“我的”修饰，而mine为名词性物主代词。 故将mine改为my。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：活动持续了一个星期，我们学校的学生被鼓励从家人、朋友和邻居那里收集用过的儿童书籍。 be encouraged to do sth.“被鼓励做某事”，所以用collect“收集”的不定式形式作主语补足语。 故将collect前加to。
6. 考查主谓一致。句意：我和其他志愿者一起负责检查捐赠的书籍并将它们打包。along with“随同……一起”，连接前后两个主语时，谓语动词应和前面的那个主语保持一致，所以本题中be动词和I一致，be动词用was。 故将were改为was。
7. 考查特殊疑问词。句意：为了更好地完成任务，我提前向父亲学习了如何打包东西。learned后为宾语，用特殊疑问词how，表示“怎么”，后接不定式。 故将what改为how。
8. 考查固定短语。句意：为了更好地完成任务，我提前向父亲学习了如何打包东西。in advance“提前”，为固定短语。 故将advance前的the删掉。
9. 考查形容词。句意：虽然我在周末很累，但我很高兴我参与了一些对社区有益的事情。tiring“累人的，使人疲劳的”通常修饰物，此处应用形容词tired“疲倦的”修饰I。 故将tiring改为tired。
10. 考查形容词。句意：虽然我在周末很累，但我很高兴我参与了一些对社区有益的事情。be beneficial to sth.“对某事有益”，所以用形容词beneficial，作表语。 故将benefit改为beneficial。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者。写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：
1. 个人感悟；
2. 如何准备；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Delighted to know your interest in my voluntary work in the Asian Games held in Hangzhou. I’m writing to share my experience.
Challenging as the work was, it was a glorious moment for me to be a volunteer in Hangzhou. I was totally impressed by the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within. As a volunteer, it would help if you are familiar with the rules of the game and wear a warm smile whenever you are needed for help.
Go ahead and sign up! I bet you’ll find it rewarding.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者. 写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：1. 个人感悟；2. 如何准备；3. 表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
完全：totally→entirely
尽管：as→though
无论什么时候：whenever→no matter when
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I was totally impressed by the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within.
拓展句：It was the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within that totally impressed me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Delighted to know your interest in my voluntary work in the Asian Games held in Hangzhou. I’m writing to share my experience.(运用了形容词作状语)
【高分句型2】Challenging as the work was, it was a glorious moment for me to be a volunteer in Hangzhou.(运用了as引导的状语从句和倒装句)
听力答案：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B

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