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牛栏山一中2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
英语试卷
本试卷共三部分，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 语音辨析（共5小题；每题1分，共5分）
请根据要求，选择正确选项。
根据下列单词中划线部分的发音和重读音节，选出与其他三个发音不同的一个。
1.
A. capable B. badminton C. athlete D. track
2.
A. gym B. cycle C. typical D. system
3.
A. court B. click C. social D. function
4.
A. suffer B. thus C. shortcut D. supply
第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant ___5___ Miller King, who was the best player at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for ___6___.
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from ___7___. He looked very pale, but he didn’t cry.
That season, I broke all of Miller’s records while he watched the home games from the bench. We went 10:1 and I was named most valuable player, ____8____ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident.
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller ____9____ when he was going over a fence — which wasn’t hard to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept ____10____ from. But even that challenge he accepted, I helped him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally safe on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did ____11____. Thank you for filling in for me.”
His words freed me from my bad ____12____. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me. I was right to have ____13____ him. From that day on, I grew ____14____ and a little more real.
5.
A. cheering for B. relying on C. beating out D. staying with
6.
A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure
7.
A. school B. hospital C. vacation D. training
8.
A. and B. then C. but D. thus
9.
A. stuck B. hurt C. broken D. lost
10.
A. apology B. praise C. advice D. help
11.
A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally
12.
A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams
13.
A. challenged B. cured C. admired D. invited
14.
A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Jeremy is fed up with ____15____ (get) sick all the time He asked for advice from the expert. According to Dr. Martin, long-distance running is a great sport for people. Running will help people get fit and prevent diseases. Besides, anybody ____16____ is feeling down can go for a run to cheer ____17____ (them) up. Even a thirty minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that one may be suffering due to stress.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When Michael Jordan’s feet ____18____ (leave) the ground, time seemed to stand still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. The secret ____19____ his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure; everyone ____20____ (fail) at something. But I can’t accept not trying,” Jordan said that losing game ____21____ (teach) him to practice harder and never give up.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
MedalMad was created ____22____ (help) inspire and motivate people to be active. We have built a virtual community that supports each other to achieve their personal ____23____ (fit) or running goals and ambitions. ____24____ (take) part in MedalMad virtual runs or challenges is easy with a free virtual challenge app to track your challenges and runs. You can jog, row, cycle, swim, walk or roll your way to your amazing medal. You can even do a combination of all, or any.
第二部分 阅读理解（共二节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Europe is the perfect place for a holiday. Every corner of the continent is bursting with history, culture and sights. The countries are so very close to one another, and yet so completely different.
Sweden
Sweden is a brilliant destination for a campervan (露营车) holiday, with hundreds of well-appointed camping sites suitable for vehicles. Head north to Lapland in the Arctic Circle and you’ll find true wildernesses where you can truly get close to nature. Head here between June and mid-July and you’ll be able to take in the midnight sunshine. If you’re looking for great nightlife, head to Gothenburg, Stockholm or Malmo.
Germany
There are massive industrial cities, rolling plains, towering mountains, deep forests and long, sparkling rivers. It’s not just what’s to see that makes Germany so great, but the ease of seeing everything. All these wonderful locations are all linked by one of the world’s best road systems.
Scotland
Scotland has something for everyone: cities with rich nightlife, incredible scenery, wonderful lochs and medieval (中世纪的) castles. If you want to get away from it all, then the Highlands are one of the least populated areas in the whole of Europe. Hikers will love the Cairngorms – the largest national park in the UK.
Spain
Spain’s famous for its beach holidays, but it offers so much more than that. With a lovely climate, rich history, excellent architecture, delicious cuisine and friendly locals, Spain has long been a favoured destination for holiday.
25. What is the purpose of this text
A. To explain why the attractions in Europe are world-famous.
B. To show the rich history and culture of the European countries.
C. To tell about the differences between the European countries.
D. To introduce some great European holiday destinations.
26. What can you enjoy only in Sweden
A Beautiful scenery. B. Midnight sunshine.
C. Medieval castles. D. Great nightlife.
27. For a lover of seaside holiday, which country is a good choice
A. Sweden. B. Germany. C. Scotland. D. Spain.
B
While watching the Olympics the other night, I came across an unbelievable sight. It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of courage.
The event was swimming and started with only three men on the blocks. For one reason or another, two of them false started, so they were disqualified. That left only one to complete. It would have been difficult enough, not having anyone to race against, even though the time on the clock is important.
I watched the man dive off the block and knew right away that something was wrong. I’m not an expert swimmer, but I can tell a good dive from a poor one, and this was not exactly medal quality. When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold — his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle. The crowd started to laugh. Clearly this man was not a medal competitor.
I listened to the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time. Finally he made his turn to start back. It was pitiful. He made a few desperate strokes and you could tell he was worn out.
But in those few awful strokes, the crowd had changed.
No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and shout “Come on, you can do it!” and he did.
A clear minute past the average swimmer, this young man finally finished his race. The crowd went wild. You would have thought that he had won the gold, and he should have. Even though he was recorded one of the slowest times in Olympic history, this man gave more heart than any of the other competitors.
Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to Sydney.
In a competition where athletes remove their silver medals feeling they have somehow been cheated out of gold, or when they act so proudly in front of their competitors, it is nice to watch an underdog.
28. From the passage we can learn that the young man ________
A. made his turn to start back pitifully.
B. was skillful in freestyle in the game.
C. swam faster than the average swimmer.
D. was not capable enough to win the medal.
29. The crowd changed their attitudes because ________
A. they felt sorry for the young man.
B. they were moved by the young man.
C. they wanted to show their sympathy.
D. they meant to please the young man.
30. According to the passage, “it is nice to watch an underdog” probably means _______.
A. it’s amusing to watch a man with awful swimming skills
B. it’s amazing to watch an ordinary man challenging himself
C. it’s cheerful for athletes to act proudly before their competitors
D. it’s brave enough for some athletes to remove the silver medals
31. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Compete for Gold!
B. Try again!
C. Break a Record!
D. Go for it!
C
Running on Empty
For almost a century scientists have assumed, tiredness—or exhaustion—in athletes originates(起源于) in the muscles. Precise explanations have varied, but all have been based on the “Limitations Theory”. In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品).
In the past few years, however, Timothy Noakes from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, has examined this standard theory. Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain. The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness. This “Central Governor” theory remains controversial, but it does explain many puzzling aspects of athletic performance.
A recent discovery that Noakes calls the “lactic acid paradox” made him start researching this area seriously. Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low. Nor has the oxygen content of their blood fallen too low for them to keep going. Obviously, something else was making them tire before they hit either of these physiological limits.
Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists. It has long been known that during exercise, the body never uses 100% of the available muscle fibres(纤维). The amount used varies, but in some tasks such as this cycling test the body calls on about 30%. His team found that as tiredness set in, the electrical activity in cyclist’s legs declined—even when they were making a great effort to cycle as fast as they could.
To Noakes, this was strong evidence that the old theory was wrong. “The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted,” he says, “but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater amount of the resting fibres.” This, he believes, is the proof that the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the cyclists well back from the point of extreme tiredness.
32. Which of the following is supported by “the Limitations Theory”
A. Tiredness is caused by signals from brain.
B. Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.
C. The body uses 100% of the muscle fibres in exercise.
D. Athletes become tired though lactic acid levels remain low.
33. Noakes has found out that ___________.
A. muscle fibres control athletes’ movements
B. Lactic acid levels remain high in cycling test
C. mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness
D. different exercises use different amount of muscle fibres
34. It is likely that both theories accept that ___________.
A. lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise
B. the oxygen content in blood may rise after sports
C. tiredness is a harmful by-product of exercise
D. the energy in human bodies can be balanced
35. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The description of a new test.
B. The explanation of the theory.
C. The puzzling evidence of a study.
D. The whole process of the research.
D
Students meet at the university campus for classes during their 20s. This classical model of time, action and place has traditionally produced famous universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalization of society—which allows everybody who is connected to the Internet to access learning—and by the need to acquire skills in step with fast development of technology. Universities must realize that learning in the 20s won’t be enough.
By teaching foundational knowledge and up-to-date skills, universities need to provide students with the future-proof skills of lifelong learning, not just get them ‘job-ready’. Some universities already play an important role in lifelong learning as they want to keep the value of their diplomas (文凭). This new role comes with a huge set of challenges and needs largely to be invented. One way to start this transformation process could be to go beyond the ‘diploma model’ to adapt university education to lifelong learning. We call this model the lifelong learning passport.
The Bachelor’s degree could be students’ passport to lifelong learning. For the first few years, students would ‘learn to learn’ and get endowed with reasoning skills that remain with them for the rest of their lives. For instance, physics allows students to observe and integrate (融合) observations into models and, sometimes, models into theories or laws that can be used to make predictions. Mathematics is the language used to develop the laws of physics or economy. These two subjects naturally form the basic pillars (支柱) of education in technical universities.
Recent advances in computational methods and data science push us into rethinking science and puters increasingly become the most important actors in processing data and formulating questions, which requires completely new ways of reasoning. Therefore, a new subject integrating computer science, programming, statistics and machine learning should be added to the traditional foundational topics of mathematics and physics. These three pillars would allow you to keep learning technical subjects all your life.
According to this new model, the Master of Science (MSc) would become the first stamp in the lifelong learning journey. The new MSc diploma becomes a set of accomplished projects and a list of technical skills. It is open-ended and must be updated throughout life, as technologies and their applications change faster than ever.
Universities have a fundamental role to play in this journey, and higher education is in for a change. The old university model produced talent and value for society. We are not supporting its abolition (废除) but rather calling for the adaptation of its characteristics to meet the needs of today.
36. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1
A. Technological development challenges the university model.
B. The classical model serves famous universities well.
C. Students don’t meet at campus due to digitalization.
D. Universities continue to improve worker skills.
37. What can be learnt from the passage
A. The students get a lifelong passport with a Bachelor’s degree.
B. The three pillars help with continuous learning in technology.
C. Physics and mathematics are enough for learning technology.
D. MSc programmes are the most important for lifelong learning.
38. What does the underlined phrase “get endowed with” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Be concerned with. B. Make room for.
C. Be equipped with. D. Make preparations for.
39. What’s the best title of the passage
A. Changes to university projects
B. Importance of Lifelong Learning
C. Development of Further Education
D. Necessity to Adapt University Model
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
What Is a Boy
Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called an “boy”. ____40____. They all believe that the pleasure of life is to enjoy every second of every minute of every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.
____41____ When you want him to make a good impression, his brain turns to jelly, or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.
____42____ He has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the imagination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something, he has five thumbs (拇指) on each hand.
He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christmas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat). ____43____ He is not much for Sunday schools, company, schools, books without pictures, music lessons, neckties, barbers, girls, overcoats, adults, or bedtime.
____44____ Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees, dogs and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three-feet rope, six cents and some unknown things. A boy is a magical creature — he is your headache but when you come home at night with only shattered pieces of your hopes and dreams, he can mend them like new with two magic words, “Hi, Dad!”
A In fact a boy is a mixture.
B. Nobody else is so early to rise, or so late to supper.
C. When you are busy, a boy is a trouble-maker and a noise.
D Girls are more active and intelligent than boys sometimes.
E. Boys will feel it uncomfortable if they are controlled too strictly.
F. Boys came in different sizes, weights, and colors, but all boys have the same belief.
G. He also has a preference for large animals, Dad, trains, Saturday mornings, and fire engines.
第三部分 语言运用（共二节，30分）
第一节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
A
阅读下面的短文，根据其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空。其中有三项为多余选项。
capable disease relieve strengthen oxygen regular
___45___ physical activity is one of the most important things you can do for your health. Being physically active can improve your brain health, help manage weight, reduce the risk of ___46___, ___47___ bones and muscles, and improve your ability to do everyday activities.
B
根据所给汉语及首字母提示，用单词的正确形式完成下面句子。
48. Would you please keep in c____________ (联络，联系) with me by email (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
49. People who sit less and do any amount of physical activity gain some health (b)________ (益处). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
50. All the students are hereby informed that our school is going to (o)________ (组织) an essay competition in the school grand hall on 15th December,2023. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
51. A (b)________ (均衡的) diet supplies the fuel your body needs to work effectively. That is to say, eating a variety of foods and consuming less salt, sugars, and fats are essential to make sure your body functions at its best. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
C
阅读下面的短文，根据其大意，从方框中选择适当的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
suffer from due to adapt to rather than cheer up make such a difference
I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV so I worried about my weight. Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat ” I should be asking “Am I fit ” I have no idea a letter could ___52___! Once I started thinking about health ___53___ weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to run 2k in eight minutes”. Instead of cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I add healthy foods to my meals.
I used to be so anxious about my weight that I ___54___ depression. However, now I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about myself. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.
第二节 书面表达（20分）
55. 假如你是英语科代表李华。我校外教Patrice今年来到我校任教，由于不太适应北京的生活，加之工作压力比较大，缺乏时间锻炼，Patrice生病住院了。请你代表你们班同学给他写一份英文信件，内容包括：
1.表示对他的思念和感谢；
2.提出建议（至少二条）；
3.希望他早日康复。
注意：1词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Patrice,
I’m sorry to hear that you have been in hospital for several days.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua牛栏山一中2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
英语试卷
本试卷共三部分，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 语音辨析（共5小题；每题1分，共5分）
请根据要求，选择正确选项。
根据下列单词中划线部分的发音和重读音节，选出与其他三个发音不同的一个。
1.
A. capable B. badminton C. athlete D. track
2.
A. gym B. cycle C. typical D. system
3.
A. court B. click C. social D. function
4.
A. suffer B. thus C. shortcut D. supply
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D
【解析】
【1题详解】
capable中的第二个a发音为/ /，badminton中的a发音为/ /，athlete中的a发音为/ /，track中的a发音为/ /。故选A。
【2题详解】
gym中的y发音为/ /，cycle中的y发音为/a /，typical中的y发音为/ /，system中的y发音为/ /。故选B。
【3题详解】
court中的c发音为/k/，click中的c发音为/k/，social中的c发音为/ /，function中的c发音为/k/。故选C。
【4题详解】
suffer中的u发音为/ /，thus中的u发音为/ /，shortcut中的u发音为/ /，supply中的u发音为/ /。故选D。
第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant ___5___ Miller King, who was the best player at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for ___6___.
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from ___7___. He looked very pale, but he didn’t cry.
That season, I broke all of Miller’s records while he watched the home games from the bench. We went 10:1 and I was named most valuable player, ____8____ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident.
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller ____9____ when he was going over a fence — which wasn’t hard to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept ____10____ from. But even that challenge he accepted, I helped him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally safe on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did ____11____. Thank you for filling in for me.”
His words freed me from my bad ____12____. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me. I was right to have ____13____ him. From that day on, I grew ____14____ and a little more real.
5.
A. cheering for B. relying on C. beating out D. staying with
6.
A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure
7.
A. school B. hospital C. vacation D. training
8.
A. and B. then C. but D. thus
9.
A. stuck B. hurt C. broken D. lost
10.
A. apology B. praise C. advice D. help
11.
A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally
12.
A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams
13.
A. challenged B. cured C. admired D. invited
14.
A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”十三岁的时候唯一的目标就是打败米勒·金成为学校足球队的明星，但是米勒·金却在车祸中失去了右胳膊，米勒·金十分坚强，“我”在赛季中打破了他所有的记录，成为了最有价值球员，但是“我”却对米勒的不幸感到愧疚，在一次帮助米勒翻越栅栏后，“我”和他达成了和解，也与自己达成了和解。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这意味着要打败米勒·金，他是我们学校最好的球员。A. cheering for为……加油；B. relying on依靠；C. beating out击败；D. staying with和……待在一起。根据前文“When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team(当我13岁的时候，我唯一的目标就是成为我们足球队的明星)”可知，此处是指这意味着要打败米勒·金。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着足球到处练习。A. practice练习；B. show表演；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure愉快。根据前文“Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.(足球赛季九月份开始，整个夏天我都在锻炼。)”可知，此处是指带着足球到处练习。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从医院回来后我去看他。A. school学校；B. hospital医院；C. vacation假期；D. training训练。根据前文“Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.(就在9月之前，米勒被一辆汽车撞了，失去了右臂。)”可知，此处是指他从医院回来后。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：我们的比分是10:1，我被评为最有价值球员，但我经常做一些疯狂的梦，认为我应该为米勒的事故负责。A. and和；B. then那时；C. but但是；D. thus因此。前文“We went 10:1 and I was named most valuable player”和后文“I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident”构成转折关系。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我穿过田野回家，看见米勒在翻越栅栏时被卡住了——如果你有两只胳膊的话，爬栅栏并不难。A. stuck卡住的；B. hurt受伤的；C. broken破损的；D. lost迷路的。根据“which wasn’t hard to climb if you had both arms”可知，此处是指米勒在翻越栅栏时被卡住了。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我敢肯定我是他最不愿意接受帮助的人。A. apology道歉；B. praise表扬；C. advice建议；D. help帮助。根据后文“But even that challenge he accepted, I helped him move slowly over the fence.(但即使他接受了这个挑战，我还是帮助他慢慢地越过围栏。)”可知，此处是指“我”是他最不愿意接受帮助的人。故选D。
【11题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：赛季的时候我没告诉你，但你表现得很好。A. fine蛮不错；B. wrong错误地；C. quickly快速地；D. normally正常地。根据“I didn’t tell you this during the season”可知，此处是指“我”在赛季中表现很好。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话使我从噩梦中解脱出来。A. memories记忆；B. ideas想法；C. attitudes态度；D. dreams梦。根据前文“I often had crazy dreams”可知，此处是指他的话使“我”从噩梦中解脱出来。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之前钦佩他是对的。A. challenged挑战；B. cured治愈；C. admired钦佩；D. invited邀请。根据前文“Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me.(他受到了伤害，但没有被打败，他仍然走在我前面。)”可知，此处是指之前钦佩他是对的。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我长大了，变得更真实了。A. healthier更健康的；B. bigger更大的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. cooler更凉快的。根据“and a little more real”可知，此处是指“我”长大了。故选B。
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Jeremy is fed up with ____15____ (get) sick all the time He asked for advice from the expert. According to Dr. Martin, long-distance running is a great sport for people. Running will help people get fit and prevent diseases. Besides, anybody ____16____ is feeling down can go for a run to cheer ____17____ (them) up. Even a thirty minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that one may be suffering due to stress.
【答案】15. getting
16. who##that
17. themselves
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。杰里米受够了老是生病，他向马丁博士寻求建议，博士推荐他跑步。
【15题详解】
考查动名词。句意：杰里米受够了老是生病。be fed up with doing意为“厌倦了做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。故填getting。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为anybody，所以应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
【17题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。此处宾语和主语指代相同，所以应用反身代词themselves表示“他们自己”作宾语。故填themselves。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When Michael Jordan’s feet ____18____ (leave) the ground, time seemed to stand still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. The secret ____19____ his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure; everyone ____20____ (fail) at something. But I can’t accept not trying,” Jordan said that losing game ____21____ (teach) him to practice harder and never give up.
【答案】18. left
19. to 20. fails
21. taught##had taught
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“飞人”乔丹以他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球，而其强大的精神力量让他如此与众不同。文章对其进行了介绍。
【18题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了。根据“time seemed to stand still”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填left。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。the secret to意为“……的秘诀”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。
【20题详解】
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：我能接受失败；每个人都有失败的时候。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语everyone为第三人称单数。动词fail意为“失败”。故填fails。
【21题详解】
考查一般过去时或过去完成时。句意：乔丹说，输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地训练，永不放弃。根据“Jordan said that”可知，此处可理解为描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，也可以理解为动作发生在said之前，应用过去完成时。动词teach意为“教会”。故填taught/had taught。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
MedalMad was created ____22____ (help) inspire and motivate people to be active. We have built a virtual community that supports each other to achieve their personal ____23____ (fit) or running goals and ambitions. ____24____ (take) part in MedalMad virtual runs or challenges is easy with a free virtual challenge app to track your challenges and runs. You can jog, row, cycle, swim, walk or roll your way to your amazing medal. You can even do a combination of all, or any.
【答案】22. to help
23. fitness
24. Taking/To take
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。MedalMad的创建是为了帮助激发和激励人们积极活动，文章对此进行了介绍。
【22题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：MedalMad的创建是为了帮助激发和激励人们积极活动。根据“MedalMad was created”和“inspire and motivate people to be active”可知，此处应用to do不定式作目的状语。动词help意为“帮助”。故填to help。
【23题详解】
考查名词句意：我们建立了一个虚拟社区，支持彼此实现个人健身或跑步目标和抱负。此处作宾语应用名词fitness表示“健身”。故填fitness。
【24题详解】
考查动名词或动词不定式。句意：参加MedalMad的虚拟跑步或挑战很容易，有一个免费的虚拟挑战应用程序来跟踪你的挑战和跑步。动词短语take part in意为“参加”，此处作主语应用动名词或动词不定式形式。句首首字母应大写。故填Taking/To take。
第二部分 阅读理解（共二节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Europe is the perfect place for a holiday. Every corner of the continent is bursting with history, culture and sights. The countries are so very close to one another, and yet so completely different.
Sweden
Sweden is a brilliant destination for a campervan (露营车) holiday, with hundreds of well-appointed camping sites suitable for vehicles. Head north to Lapland in the Arctic Circle and you’ll find true wildernesses where you can truly get close to nature. Head here between June and mid-July and you’ll be able to take in the midnight sunshine. If you’re looking for great nightlife, head to Gothenburg, Stockholm or Malmo.
Germany
There are massive industrial cities, rolling plains, towering mountains, deep forests and long, sparkling rivers. It’s not just what’s to see that makes Germany so great, but the ease of seeing everything. All these wonderful locations are all linked by one of the world’s best road systems.
Scotland
Scotland has something for everyone: cities with rich nightlife, incredible scenery, wonderful lochs and medieval (中世纪的) castles. If you want to get away from it all, then the Highlands are one of the least populated areas in the whole of Europe. Hikers will love the Cairngorms – the largest national park in the UK.
Spain
Spain’s famous for its beach holidays, but it offers so much more than that. With a lovely climate, rich history, excellent architecture, delicious cuisine and friendly locals, Spain has long been a favoured destination for holiday.
25. What is the purpose of this text
A. To explain why the attractions in Europe are world-famous.
B. To show the rich history and culture of the European countries.
C. To tell about the differences between the European countries.
D. To introduce some great European holiday destinations.
26. What can you enjoy only in Sweden
A. Beautiful scenery. B. Midnight sunshine.
C. Medieval castles. D. Great nightlife.
27. For a lover of seaside holiday, which country is a good choice
A. Sweden. B. Germany. C. Scotland. D. Spain.
【答案】25. D 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲的四个适合旅游的国家或地区。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Europe is the perfect place for a holiday. Every corner of the continent is bursting with history, culture and sights. The countries are so very close to one another, and yet so completely different.”（欧洲是度假的好地方。欧洲大陆的每个角落都充满了历史、文化和景观。这些国家离得很近，却又完全不同。）以及下文介绍了四个适合旅游国家或地区，所以这篇文章的目的是介绍适合旅游的欧洲国家或地区。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Head here between June and mid-July and you’ll be able to take in the midnight sunshine.”（在6月到7月中旬之间来到这里，可以享受到午夜的阳光。）可知，在瑞典，你能够在午夜看到太阳。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Spain’s famous for its beach holidays, but it offers so much more than that.”（西班牙以海滩度假而闻名，但它提供远不止这些。）可知，如果喜欢海边度假，西班牙是不错的选择。故选D项。
B
While watching the Olympics the other night, I came across an unbelievable sight. It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of courage.
The event was swimming and started with only three men on the blocks. For one reason or another, two of them false started, so they were disqualified. That left only one to complete. It would have been difficult enough, not having anyone to race against, even though the time on the clock is important.
I watched the man dive off the block and knew right away that something was wrong. I’m not an expert swimmer, but I can tell a good dive from a poor one, and this was not exactly medal quality. When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold — his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle. The crowd started to laugh. Clearly this man was not a medal competitor.
I listened to the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time. Finally he made his turn to start back. It was pitiful. He made a few desperate strokes and you could tell he was worn out.
But in those few awful strokes, the crowd had changed.
No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and shout “Come on, you can do it!” and he did.
A clear minute past the average swimmer, this young man finally finished his race. The crowd went wild. You would have thought that he had won the gold, and he should have. Even though he was recorded one of the slowest times in Olympic history, this man gave more heart than any of the other competitors.
Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to Sydney.
In a competition where athletes remove their silver medals feeling they have somehow been cheated out of gold, or when they act so proudly in front of their competitors, it is nice to watch an underdog.
28. From the passage we can learn that the young man ________
A. made his turn to start back pitifully.
B. was skillful in freestyle in the game.
C. swam faster than the average swimmer.
D. was not capable enough to win the medal.
29. The crowd changed their attitudes because ________
A. they felt sorry for the young man.
B. they were moved by the young man.
C. they wanted to show their sympathy.
D. they meant to please the young man.
30. According to the passage, “it is nice to watch an underdog” probably means _______.
A. it’s amusing to watch a man with awful swimming skills
B. it’s amazing to watch an ordinary man challenging himself
C. it’s cheerful for athletes to act proudly before their competitors
D. it’s brave enough for some athletes to remove the silver medals
31. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Compete for Gold!
B. Try again!
C. Break a Record!
D. Go for it!
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了作者在一次看奥运会游泳比赛时，他看见了惊人的一幕，有个游泳运动员本身的游泳技能不行，但是他却尽自己的全力去拼命完成这次游泳比赛，得到了观众的喝彩。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold—his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle. The crowd started to laugh. Clearly this man was not a medal competitor. (当他重新浮出水面时，很明显他并不是为了夺金——他的手臂在挥动，试图游自由泳。人群开始大笑起来。很明显，这个人不是奖牌竞争者)”可知，他的游姿势不对，并非擅长自由泳，导致大家都在笑话他，觉得他不是奖牌竞争者；文章第四段“I listened to the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time. Finally he made his turn to start back. It was pitiful. He made a few desperate strokes and you could tell he was worn out. (我听到人群开始嘲笑这个可怜的人，他显然正度过一个艰难的时光。最后轮到他往回游了。真可怜。他拼命地打了几下，你可以看出他已经筋疲力尽了)”可知这段游泳对他来说是很难的，已经筋疲力尽了，综上所述，推知他没有足够的能力去争夺奖牌；故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“A clear minute past the average swimmer, this young man finally finished his race. The crowd went wild. You would have thought that he had won the gold, and he should have. Even though he was recorded one of the slowest times in Olympic history, this man gave more heart than any of the other competitors. (整整超过了一般游泳运动员一分钟，这个年轻人终于完成了他的比赛。人群变得疯狂起来。你会认为他赢得了金牌，他也应该获得。尽管他是奥运会历史上速度最慢的运动员之一，但这个人比其他任何竞争者都更有勇气)”可知大家改变态度并不是因为他取得了好成绩，而是被他在能力相当不足的情况下能坚持完成比赛的勇气所感动；故选B项。
【30题详解】
句意猜测题。根据文章最后一段“In a competition where athletes remove their silver medals feeling they have somehow been cheated out of gold, or when they act so proudly in front of their competitors, it is nice to watch an underdog. (在一场比赛中，当运动员们觉得自己出于某种原因被骗走金牌而摘掉银牌时，或者当他们在竞争对手面前表现得如此骄傲时，观看一个处于劣势的人是很不错的)”可知某些运动员认为被骗取了金牌，因而在对手面前摘掉银牌（以示不满），或他们在竞争对手面前表现得很骄傲时，与这种现象相比，这个年轻人挑战自己的勇气是多么令人惊叹啊，尽管他的能力不足，故推知划线句子“it is nice to watch an underdog.”的意思是“看着一个普通人挑战自我是很令人惊叹的”故选B项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个游泳运动员本身的游泳技能不行，但是他却尽自己的全力去拼命完成这次游泳比赛，得到了观众喝彩的故事。这个例子旨在说明人应该努力挑战自己，全力以赴，不仅仅是为取得金牌；故选项D“Go for it! (全力以赴)”符合本文的中心思想，适合作为本文标题；故选D项。
C
Running on Empty
For almost a century, scientists have assumed, tiredness—or exhaustion—in athletes originates(起源于) in the muscles. Precise explanations have varied, but all have been based on the “Limitations Theory”. In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品).
In the past few years, however, Timothy Noakes from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, has examined this standard theory. Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain. The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness. This “Central Governor” theory remains controversial, but it does explain many puzzling aspects of athletic performance.
A recent discovery that Noakes calls the “lactic acid paradox” made him start researching this area seriously. Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low. Nor has the oxygen content of their blood fallen too low for them to keep going. Obviously, something else was making them tire before they hit either of these physiological limits.
Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists. It has long been known that during exercise, the body never uses 100% of the available muscle fibres(纤维). The amount used varies, but in some tasks such as this cycling test the body calls on about 30%. His team found that as tiredness set in, the electrical activity in cyclist’s legs declined—even when they were making a great effort to cycle as fast as they could.
To Noakes, this was strong evidence that the old theory was wrong. “The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted,” he says, “but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater amount of the resting fibres.” This, he believes, is the proof that the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the cyclists well back from the point of extreme tiredness.
32. Which of the following is supported by “the Limitations Theory”
A. Tiredness is caused by signals from brain.
B. Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.
C. The body uses 100% of the muscle fibres in exercise.
D. Athletes become tired though lactic acid levels remain low.
33. Noakes has found out that ___________.
A. muscle fibres control athletes’ movements
B. Lactic acid levels remain high in cycling test
C. mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness
D. different exercises use different amount of muscle fibres
34. It is likely that both theories accept that ___________.
A. lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise
B. the oxygen content in blood may rise after sports
C. tiredness is a harmful by-product of exercise
D. the energy in human bodies can be balanced
35. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The description of a new test.
B. The explanation of the theory.
C. The puzzling evidence of a study.
D. The whole process of the research.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了关于运动的极限理论。该理论认为人们之所以感到疲惫是因为肌肉达到了极限，而疲劳是由大脑控制的。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品)可知极限理论认为人们会感到疲倦时因为到达了肌肉的极限。B. Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.（运动员感到疲惫是因为他们用完了自己的能量）符合以上说法，故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain.可知Timothy Noakes认为是人的大脑控制了肌肉是否感到疲倦。C. mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness（精神过程控制疲倦的症状）符合以上说法，故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness.和第三段的Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness.可推测连个理论都认为lactic acid是运动时产生的。A. lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise（运动时肌肉离会产生lactic acid）符合以上推测，故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本段的Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low.可知lactic acid paradox理论认为人们在运动的时候lactic的升高会使人疲倦，但令人费解的是当lactic还很低的时候人们也会感到疲劳。C. The puzzling evidence of a study.（一个研究令人费解的证据）可以作为本段主旨，故选C项。
D
Students meet at the university campus for classes during their 20s. This classical model of time, action and place has traditionally produced famous universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalization of society—which allows everybody who is connected to the Internet to access learning—and by the need to acquire skills in step with fast development of technology. Universities must realize that learning in the 20s won’t be enough.
By teaching foundational knowledge and up-to-date skills, universities need to provide students with the future-proof skills of lifelong learning, not just get them ‘job-ready’. Some universities already play an important role in lifelong learning as they want to keep the value of their diplomas (文凭). This new role comes with a huge set of challenges and needs largely to be invented. One way to start this transformation process could be to go beyond the ‘diploma model’ to adapt university education to lifelong learning. We call this model the lifelong learning passport.
The Bachelor’s degree could be students’ passport to lifelong learning. For the first few years, students would ‘learn to learn’ and get endowed with reasoning skills that remain with them for the rest of their lives. For instance, physics allows students to observe and integrate (融合) observations into models and, sometimes, models into theories or laws that can be used to make predictions. Mathematics is the language used to develop the laws of physics or economy. These two subjects naturally form the basic pillars (支柱) of education in technical universities.
Recent advances in computational methods and data science push us into rethinking science and puters increasingly become the most important actors in processing data and formulating questions, which requires completely new ways of reasoning. Therefore, a new subject integrating computer science, programming, statistics and machine learning should be added to the traditional foundational topics of mathematics and physics. These three pillars would allow you to keep learning technical subjects all your life.
According to this new model, the Master of Science (MSc) would become the first stamp in the lifelong learning journey. The new MSc diploma becomes a set of accomplished projects and a list of technical skills. It is open-ended and must be updated throughout life, as technologies and their applications change faster than ever.
Universities have a fundamental role to play in this journey, and higher education is in for a change. The old university model produced talent and value for society. We are not supporting its abolition (废除) but rather calling for the adaptation of its characteristics to meet the needs of today.
36. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1
A. Technological development challenges the university model.
B. The classical model serves famous universities well.
C. Students don’t meet at campus due to digitalization.
D. Universities continue to improve worker skills.
37. What can be learnt from the passage
A. The students get a lifelong passport with a Bachelor’s degree.
B. The three pillars help with continuous learning in technology.
C. Physics and mathematics are enough for learning technology.
D. MSc programmes are the most important for lifelong learning.
38. What does the underlined phrase “get endowed with” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Be concerned with. B. Make room for.
C. Be equipped with. D. Make preparations for.
39. What’s the best title of the passage
A Changes to university projects
B. Importance of Lifelong Learning
C. Development of Further Education
D. Necessity to Adapt University Model
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“This classical model of time, action and place has traditionally produced famous universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalization of society—which allows everybody who is connected to the Internet to access learning—and by the need to acquire skills in step with fast development of technology. (这种时间、行为和地点的经典模式传统上造就了著名的大学，但现在它受到了社会数字化的挑战——它允许每个连接到互联网的人都能获得学习的机会——以及需要获得与技术快速发展同步的技能。)”可知，本段主要介绍技术发展对大学模式的挑战。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Therefore, a new subject integrating computer science, programming, statistics and machine learning should be added to the traditional foundational topics of mathematics and physics. These three pillars would allow you to keep learning technical subjects all your life. (因此，在传统的数学和物理基础学科之外，应该增加一门集计算机科学、编程、统计学和机器学习于一体的新学科。这三大支柱将使你一生都能不断学习技术科目。)”可知，三大支柱有助于技术的持续学习。故选B。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文举例“For instance, physics allows students to observe and integrate (融合) observations into models and, sometimes, models into theories or laws that can be used to make predictions. (例如，物理学允许学生观察并将观察结果整合到模型中，有时，将模型整合到可以用于预测的理论或定律中。)”可知，学生们将“学会学习”，并被赋予了推理技能。所以get endowed with为“赋予；具备”之意。故选C。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Universities have a fundamental role to play in this journey, and higher education is in for a change. The old university model produced talent and value for society. We are not supporting its abolition (废除) but rather calling for the adaptation of its characteristics to meet the needs of today.(在这一过程中，大学扮演着重要的角色，高等教育也将迎来变革。旧的大学模式为社会培养人才和价值。我们不支持废除它，而是呼吁调整它的特点以满足今天的需要。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。所以“Necessity to Adapt University Model(调整大学模式的必要性)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
What Is a Boy
Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called an “boy”. ____40____. They all believe that the pleasure of life is to enjoy every second of every minute of every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.
____41____ When you want him to make a good impression, his brain turns to jelly, or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.
____42____ He has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the imagination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something, he has five thumbs (拇指) on each hand.
He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christmas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat). ____43____ He is not much for Sunday schools, company, schools, books without pictures, music lessons, neckties, barbers, girls, overcoats, adults, or bedtime.
____44____ Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees, dogs and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three-feet rope, six cents and some unknown things. A boy is a magical creature — he is your headache but when you come home at night with only shattered pieces of your hopes and dreams, he can mend them like new with two magic words, “Hi, Dad!”
A. In fact a boy is a mixture.
B. Nobody else is so early to rise, or so late to supper.
C. When you are busy a boy is a trouble-maker and a noise.
D. Girls are more active and intelligent than boys sometimes.
E. Boys will feel it uncomfortable if they are controlled too strictly.
F. Boys came in different sizes, weights, and colors, but all boys have the same belief.
G. He also has a preference for large animals, Dad, trains, Saturday mornings, and fire engines.
【答案】40. F 41. C 42. A 43. G 44. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以明贬实褒的口吻描述了自己的儿子——男孩这种神奇的可爱的生物。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called an “boy”.(在婴儿时期的天真和成年时期的严肃之间，我们发现了一种叫“男孩”的令人愉快的生物。)”和后文“They all believe that the pleasure of life is to enjoy every second of every minute of every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.(他们都相信，生活的乐趣在于享受每一天的每一分每一秒，让空气中充满噪音，直到成年雄性把他们打包上床睡觉。)”可知，此处是指男孩们都有同样的信念，所以选项F“男孩们的身高、体重和肤色各不相同，但所有的男孩都有同样的信念。”切合文意。故选F。
【41题详解】
根据后文“When you want him to make a good impression, his brain turns to jelly, or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.(当你想让他给人留下好印象时，他的大脑就会变成果冻，否则他就会变成一个决心摧毁世界和自己的野兽。)”可知，此处是指男孩会非常吵闹，所以选项C“当你忙的时候，男孩是一个麻烦制造者和噪音。”切合文意。故选C。
【42题详解】
根据后文“He has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the imagination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something, he has five thumbs (拇指) on each hand.(他有马的胃，对石头和沙子的消化能力，原子弹的能量，猫的好奇心，超人的想象力，可爱女孩的羞怯，公牛的勇敢天性，鞭炮的暴力，但当你让他做点什么时，他每只手都有五个拇指。)”可知，此处是指男孩是个混合体，所以选项A“事实上，男孩是一个混合体。”切合文意。故选A。
【43题详解】
根据前文“He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christmas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat).(他喜欢冰淇淋、刀、锯、圣诞节、漫画书、树林、水（在它的自然栖息地）。)”可知，此处是指男孩的喜好，所以选项G“他还喜欢大型动物、爸爸、火车、周六早晨和消防车。”切合文意。故选G。
【44题详解】
根据后文“Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees, dogs and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three-feet rope, six cents and some unknown things.(没有人能从树、狗和微风中获得如此多的乐趣。没有人能把一把生锈的刀、一个吃了一半的苹果、一根三英尺长的绳子、六分钱和一些不知名的东西放进一个口袋里。)”可知，此处是指除了男孩外别人做不到的事情，所以选项B“没有人起得这么早，也没有人吃晚饭这么晚。”切合文意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共二节，30分）
第一节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空。其中有三项为多余选项。
capable disease relieve strengthen oxygen regular
___45___ physical activity is one of the most important things you can do for your health. Being physically active can improve your brain health, help manage weight, reduce the risk of ___46___, ___47___ bones and muscles, and improve your ability to do everyday activities.
【答案】45. Regular
46. disease
47. strengthen
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了体育锻炼对人体健康的各项好处。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有规律的体育活动是你能为你的健康做的最重要的事情之一。分析句子可知，空处作修饰activity的定语，结合“one of the most important things”可推知，形容词regular“规律的，定期的”符合题意，表示有规律的体育活动，且空处位于句首，regular的首字母需大写。故填Regular。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：体育锻炼可以改善你的大脑健康，帮助控制体重，减少疾病的风险，增强骨骼和肌肉，提高你做日常活动的能力。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，结合“reduce the risk of”可推知，名词disease“疾病”符合题意，表示减少疾病的风险。故填disease。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：体育锻炼可以改善你的大脑健康，帮助控制体重，减少疾病的风险，增强骨骼和肌肉，提高你做日常活动的能力。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，结合“bones and muscles”可推知，动词strengthen“增强，加强”符合题意，表示增强骨骼和肌肉，且空前有can，strengthen应用原形。故填strengthen。
B
根据所给汉语及首字母提示，用单词的正确形式完成下面句子。
48. Would you please keep in c____________ (联络，联系) with me by email (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contact##ontact
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你可以用邮件和我保持联系吗 。keep in contact with“与……保持联系”。故填contact。
49. People who sit less and do any amount of physical activity gain some health (b)________ (益处). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】benefits##enefits##benefit##enefit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：少坐、多运动的人对健康有好处。根据首字母b可知，表示“益处”应用名词benefit作宾语。此处benefit为可数或不可数名词，作可数名词时在some后应用复数形式。故填benefits/benefit。
50. All the students are hereby informed that our school is going to (o)________ (组织) an essay competition in the school grand hall on 15th December,2023. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】organise## organize##rganise##rganize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：特此通知全体同学，我校将于2023年12月15日在学校大礼堂举办征文比赛。根据be going to 其后接动词原形，空格处应填动词原形，结合汉语提示和首字母“组织”是organise/ organize。故填organise/ organize。
51. A (b)________ (均衡的) diet supplies the fuel your body needs to work effectively. That is to say, eating a variety of foods and consuming less salt, sugars, and fats are essential to make sure your body functions at its best. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】balanced##alanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：均衡的饮食为你的身体提供有效工作所需的能量。也就是说，吃各种各样的食物，少吃盐、糖和脂肪，对确保你的身体功能处于最佳状态至关重要。根据首字母b可知，表示“均衡的”应用形容词balanced作定语。故填balanced。
C
阅读下面的短文，根据其大意，从方框中选择适当的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
suffer from due to adapt to rather than cheer up make such a difference
I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV so I worried about my weight. Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat ” I should be asking “Am I fit ” I have no idea a letter could ___52___! Once I started thinking about health ___53___ weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to run 2k in eight minutes”. Instead of cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I add healthy foods to my meals.
I used to be so anxious about my weight that I ___54___ depression. However, now I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about myself. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.
【答案】52. make such a difference
53. rather than
54. suffered from
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”曾经对自己的体重非常焦虑，在阅读了一篇文章之后，“我”开始意识到健康比体重更值得关注，“我”也变得积极健康了许多。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我不知道一封信能起如此大的作用！根据后文“things began to change(事情开始改变)”可知，此处是指不知道一封信能起如此大的作用，动词短语make such a difference意为“产生如此大的影响”，符合文意。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填make such a difference。
【53题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就开始改变了。根据前文“Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat ” I should be asking “Am I fit ”(然后我读到一篇文章，上面写的不是问“我胖吗？”我应该问“我健康吗？”)”可知，此处是指开始考虑健康而不是体重，介词短语rather than意为“而不是”，符合文意。故填rather than。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我曾经非常担心自己的体重，以至于得了抑郁症。根据“I used to be so anxious about my weight that”可知，此处是指得了抑郁症，动词短语suffer from意为“遭受”，符合文意。根据“I used to be so anxious about my weight that”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填suffered from。
第二节 书面表达（20分）
55. 假如你是英语科代表李华。我校外教Patrice今年来到我校任教，由于不太适应北京的生活，加之工作压力比较大，缺乏时间锻炼，Patrice生病住院了。请你代表你们班同学给他写一份英文信件，内容包括：
1.表示对他的思念和感谢；
2.提出建议（至少二条）；
3.希望他早日康复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Patrice,
I’m sorry to hear that you have been in hospital for several days.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Patrice,
I’m sorry to hear that you have been in hospital for several days.
I’m writing this letter on behalf of the whole class, who deeply miss you and care you. We are grateful for everything you’ve done for us.
Actually, it is easy for a person like you to get sick, who hasn’t adapted to the new environment, suffers from great pressure and lacks exercise. Here are some tips for you.
First of all, it is a good idea to take part in some social activities, which will help you learn more about the local culture and custom. In addition, you should try to reduce the working pressure by listening to music and making more friends. Last but not least, you’d exercise more instead of sitting in the office all the time.
Hope our advice will help you lead a healthy lifestyle and hope you would recover soon.
Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表全班同学给生病住院的外教Patrice写一封信，表达对他的思念和感谢，并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
事实上：actually→in fact
此外：in addition→moreover
首先：first of all→above all
参加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, you should try to reduce the working pressure by listening to music and making more friends.
拓展句：In addition, it is recommended that you try to reduce the working pressure by listening to music and making more friends.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing this letter on behalf of the whole class, who deeply miss you and care you. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] First of all, it is a good idea to take part in some social activities, which will help you learn more about the local culture and custom. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

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