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江苏省太湖高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期月考
高一英语试卷 2023.12
(试卷满分: 150分, 考试时间: 120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What causes the man’s sleeping problem
A．The season. B．The roommates. C．The temperature.
2．What is the woman doing
A．Taking a photo
B．Choosing a camera.
C．Doing some sightseeing.
3．What does the man think about paying by phone
A．It is easy. B．It is secure. C．It is comfortable.
4．Where does the man go for Christmas
A．To the holiday ceremony.
B．To the restaurant.
C．To the family party.
5．At what time will the plane land
A．8: 55 pm. B．9: 00 pm. C．9: 30 pm.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man want to do with the coin on the ground
A．Buy a small gift.
B．Keep it for himself.
C．Leave it for someone else.
7．What does the woman want to give the homeless man
A．Money. B．Food. C．Drink.
听第7段材料, 回答第 8 至 10题。
8．How does the boy feel recently
A．Regretful. B．Sick. C．Stressed.
9．What is bothering the boy
A．That his schoolwork is heavy.
B．That his grade is unsatisfactory.
C．That his school year is almost over.
10．What does the girl offer to do for the boy
A．Help schedule his time.
B．Give him time off from work.
C．Bring his lunch to the library.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What does the young man just get from the woman
A．A truck. B．A boat. C．A motorcycle.
12．Why does the woman buy the present for the young man
A．He will go to college soon.
B．He recently graduated.
C．He got a new job.
13．What does the woman offer to pay for
A．Insurance. B．Gas. C．Repairs.
听第9段材料， 回答第14 至 16题。
14．Who is the woman
A．A doctor. B．A receptionist. C．A nurse.
15．Where are the speakers
A．In the consulting room.
B．In the X-ray department.
C．In the examination room.
16．How many departments are being modernized according to the woman
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
听第10段材料, 回答第 17 至 20题。
17．How many people did the group have when it began
A．Two. B．Four. C．Ten.
18．What is the goal of John’s group
A．To plant trees for materials.
B．To repair damaged forests.
C．To attract more animals.
19．What does “The Knowing Tree” focus on
A．Educating children.
B．Gathering donations.
C．Attracting more volunteers.
20．What is the main topic of the talk
A．Traveling for school projects.
B．Protecting the environment.
C．Starting a business.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 15 小题; 每题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Starting to write short stories: An online workshop with Stuart Evers
It is a common misconception that writing a short story is easier than crafting (构思) a longer form piece of fiction. Though they have fewer words, as a writer you have less time and space on the page to both capture the imagination of your readers and craft a journey for your characters that has a beginning, middle and end.
In this highly practical workshop with award-winning writer Stuart Evers, you will know about the fundamentals of the short story writing — from building tension to creating a current of events that invites interest — for constructing a story that has the emotional heft of a novel, as well as breathing life into characters that are authentic and full.
Regardless of your skillset or experience, under Stuart’s expert guidance, you will take the first crucial steps in short storytelling so that you will have a newfound confidence in your ability to continue crafting short stories, far beyond the course.
Course content
What makes a short story
How to generate ideas for short stories
How to turn something from a situation into a story
Writing techniques that can be put into practice instantly
Post-class learning material that includes short story reading list
Course Details
Tuesday, 28 February 2023, 6pm-9pm GMT
80 plus 4.25 booking fee
A catch-up recording will be shared after the class and will be available for two weeks.
This masterclass is available globally. If you are joining us from outside the United Kingdom, you will be sent a link to the workshop 24 hours and 30 minutes before the start time.
1. What does the workshop with Stuart Evers focus on
A. Adding more words in a limited time and space. B. Developing essential short story writing skills.
C. Planning a complete journey with the readers. D. Distinguishing between a short story and a novel.
2. What is said about Stuart’s masterclass
A. It is demanding but rewarding. B. It will be replayed in two months.
C. It will be free to foreigners online. D. It is practical and confidence-building.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A short story. B. A livestream website. C. An academic article. D. An examination paper.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个关于短篇小说创作的直播网络研讨会。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In this highly practical workshop with award-winning writer Stuart Evers, you will know about the fundamentals of the short story writing — from building tension to creating a current of events that invites interest — for constructing a story that has the emotional heft of a novel, as well as breathing life into characters that are authentic and full.(在这场与获奖作家Stuart Evers共同举办的高度实用的研讨会上，你将了解短篇小说写作的基本原理——从营造紧张的氛围到引发兴趣的事件流——以构建一个具有情感分量的故事，以及为真实饱满的人物注入生命。)”可知，这个研讨会专注于培养基本的短篇小说写作技能，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Regardless of your skillset or experience, under Stuart’s expert guidance, you will take the first crucial steps in short storytelling so that you will have a newfound confidence in your ability to continue crafting short stories, far beyond the course.(无论你的技能或者经验如何，在专家Stuart的指导下，你将知道短篇故事制作的第一个关键步骤，这样你将对自己继续创作短篇故事的能力产生新的信心，远远超出课程范围。)”可知，Stuart的课程是实用的，可以帮助你了解如何创作短篇故事，而且能帮你增加信心，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This masterclass is available globally. If you are joining us from outside the United Kingdom, you will be sent a link to the workshop 24 hours and 30 minutes before the start time. (该专家的课程在全球范围内提供。如果你从英国以外的地方加入我们，我们将在开始时间前24小时30分钟向你发送一个链接。)”可知，这篇文章来自一个直播网络，故选B。
B
Rick Guidotti put aside his career as a fashion photographer to turn his lens to people living with genetic, physical and behavioral differences.
He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino (患白化病的) girl. “I was just tired of people telling me who was beautiful. Every season that face would change but I was always told who was beautiful. As an artist, I don’t see beauty just on covers of magazines. I see it everywhere. So that was my original intention—that opened my eyes a little wider and wider.”
Guidotti has created Positive Exposure, a not-for-profit organization that uses photography and video to transform public perceptions and promote a world where differences are celebrated. Guidotti and Positive Exposure are featured in a new documentary called On Beauty.
One of the women featured in the film is Jayne Waithera. “I never thought I was beautiful because nobody said that to me, but meeting him was my profound moment. I remember that particular day. He took my picture and I felt so good like I felt there’s somebody who, like, really loves me and sees me for who I am and who sees me more than my condition.”
Guidotti is traveling from city to city to promote On Beauty. He says his tour is not about money; it’s about the message. “As I travel from community to community,I’m taking photographs and I’m empowering individuals with a positive sense of who they are. They’re seeing beauty in their reflection but I’m also empowering their families and they in turn are empowering their communities as well. All is based on the philosophy of change—how you see, how you change.”
4. Why did Guidotti change his career
A. Because he wanted to create his own company.
B. Because the beauty on covers of magazines is not beautiful.
C. Because he couldn’t earn enough money from his former career.
D. Because his comprehension of beauty changed owing to an albino girl.
5. What can we know about Positive Exposure
A. It makes the public more beautiful.
B. It brings a lot of money for Guidotti.
C. It welcomes differences in the world.
D. It makes photography more popular.
6. What does the author want to tell us by mentioning Jayne in Paragraph 4
A. Jayne was beautiful indeed.
B. Jayne’s picture was more beautiful than herself.
C. It was unfair that nobody discovered Jayne’s beauty.
D. Photographs gave Jayne a positive sense of who she was.
7. What does the author mainly intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A. We should travel frequently.
B. Communities have a great influence on everyone.
C. We should make contributions to our community.
D. Your attitude to seeing the world decides your behavior.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是与一位白化病女孩的偶然相遇使Rick Guidotti对美的看法发生了改变。他放弃了时尚摄影师的职业生涯，将他的镜头转向那些在遗传、生理和行为方面有差异的人，并拍摄了一部名为《何为美》的纪录片来努力推动一个赞美不同和差异的世界。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Rick Guidotti put aside his career as a fashion photographer to turn his lens to people living with genetic, physical and behavioral differences.(Rick Guidotti放下了时尚摄影师的职业，把镜头转向了那些在基因、身体和行为上存在差异的人。)”和第二段中的“He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino(患白化病的) girl.(他说，改变他对美的看法是与一个白化病女孩的一次偶遇。)”可知，与白化病女孩的偶然相遇改变了他对美的看法，这件事使得他改变了自己的职业。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Guidotti has created Positive Exposure, a not-for-profit organization that uses photography and video to transform public perceptions and promote a world where differences are celebrated.(Guidotti创建了Positive Exposure，这是一个非营利性组织，通过摄影和视频改变公众的看法，促进一个尊重差异的世界。)”可知，Positive Exposure欢迎世界中的差异。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I never thought I was beautiful because nobody said that to me, but meeting him was my profound moment. I remember that particular day. He took my picture and I felt so good like I felt there’s somebody who, like, really loves me and sees me for who I am and who sees me more than my condition.(我从来不认为自己漂亮，因为没人这么说我，但遇见他是我人生中最深刻的时刻。我记得那一天。他给我拍了照片，我感觉很好，就像有人真的爱我，看我是谁，看我比我的病情更重要。)”可以推断出，照片让Jyane对自己有了正面的认识。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All is based on the philosophy of change—how you see, how you change.(这一切都基于“改变”的哲学——你怎么看，你就怎么改变。)”可知，作者通过这一段告诉读者，你看待世界的态度决定了你的行为。故选D。
C
Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula. “We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,” said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.
The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy, faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.
Michael Wethington, another researcher from Stony Brook, told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem. The researchers say counts of individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.
Gentoo penguins—with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads—prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century, Gentoo populations moved south. Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage (觅食) over the continental shelf and don’t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, Gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.
“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,” Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge. Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent, researchers say.
8. Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins
A. To offer them better protection.
B. To find out about the penguin population.
C. To have a clearer idea of their living habits.
D. To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.
9. What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals
A. Their various kinds of species. B. Their unique eating habits.
C. Their nesting habit and body color. D. Their unusual hunting ways.
10. What can be inferred about Gentoo penguins from paragraph 4
A. They are quite adaptive. B. They are in great danger.
C. They tend to hunt far out to sea. D. They have a preference for sea ice.
11 What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Adelie penguin has been affected by climate change.
B. Adelie penguin has got used to the changing environment.
C. Adelie penguin population has fallen by more than 65 percent.
D. Adelie penguin population represents the area’s whole ecosystem.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究南极地区气候变化的科学家通过研究企鹅来更好地了解该地区的环境状况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. (研究南极气候变化的科学家们在研究企鹅，以努力更好地了解该地区的环境健康状态。)”可知，科学家们研究企鹅的目的是了解该地的环境，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background. (但企鹅比其他种类的动物更容易被跟踪，因为它们在陆地上筑巢。它们的黑色身体和排泄物也可以在该地区的白色背景下辨认出来。)”可知，让企鹅比其他动物更加易于跟踪的是它们的巢居习惯和体色，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century, Gentoo populations moved south. (因此，当南极半岛的温度在20世纪后半叶开始上升时，巴布亚企鹅种群向南迁移。)”和“As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, Gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. (随着半岛西侧的海冰减少，巴布亚企鹅似乎已经习惯了改变了的环境条件。)”可知，当温度上升，海冰减少时，巴布亚企鹅向南迁徙，似乎已经习惯了改变的环境条件，由此可推测出，这种企鹅的适应性强，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge. Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent, researchers say. (他补充说，每当研究人员看到海冰减少或消失时，他们也会看到阿德利企鹅的数量急剧下降。研究人员表示，尽管阿德利企鹅的数量总体上在增加，但一些企鹅数量已经下降了65%以上。)”可知，阿德利企鹅在海冰减少或消失的情况下数量会急剧下降，并且虽然从总体上看，这种企鹅的数量在上升，但一些企鹅数量已下降65%以上。由此可推测出，这种企鹅受气候改变的影响，故选A。
D
Virtual reality is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. Tech companies everywhere seem to be racing to get their foot in the VR door. However, virtual reality has a set of challenges and hurdles that it must overcome in order to work well. It should be noted that VR is heavily dependent on being very fast, very accurate and very good-looking. If it isn’t, the viewer will feel motion sick or disconnected from the world that VR is trying to create.
Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it
Virtual reality is a powerful tool for journalists. The consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it. The immersive nature of VR allows for people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. The experience is emotional, speaking more to our instinct than our intellect. The possibilities for storytelling here are legion, and any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR.
The question of virtual reality, though, is not how powerful it is. That is immediately apparent. The question of VR is one of viability and availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR technology isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail.
Accessibility was one concern for Thomas Hallaq, assistant professor of journalism and mass communications, who said that current VR technology, is pretty exclusive right now. Despite that, he said he doesn’t think the exclusivity of this technology will be a problem in the long run.
“I think it’s very promising,” Hallaq said. “We’re seeing more technology become accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.
12. Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism
A. Because it is an exclusively new tool.
B. Because it is very powerful and popular.
C. Because people can experience the story in person.
D. Because it is very fast, accurate and good-looking.
13. According to the passage, what is the biggest challenge VR is facing
A. How powerful and interesting it can be.
B. Whether people will have easy access to it.
C. Whether qualified VR headsets can be built.
D. What new ways people will find to deliver content.
14. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of VR technology
A. Optimistic. B. Neutral. C. Pessimistic. D. Concerned.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. The Wide Popularity of Virtual Reality
B. The Future Development of Virtual Reality
C. Challenges and Hurdles of Virtual Reality
D. Virtual Reality is the Future of Storytelling
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在新闻领域的应用，并指出该技术存在一定的问题，但非常有前景。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it.(消费者不仅仅是在阅读或观看节目；他们正在体验它)”可知，人们可以亲身体验新闻报道的故事，所以VR技术被认为是新闻的强大工具。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The question of VR is one of viability and availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces.(虚拟现实的问题是可行性和可用性的问题。讲故事必须容易做到，而且必须能够随时接触到这些故事。这是虚拟现实面临的最大挑战)”可知，虚拟现实面临的最大挑战就是人们能否非常容易地接触它。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.(就像虚拟现实之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式)”可推知，作者对VR技术的未来持积极态度。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段引出虚拟现实这一话题，其中“However, virtual reality has a set of challenges and hurdles that it must overcome in order to work well.(然而，虚拟现实有一系列挑战和障碍，必须克服这些挑战和障碍才能正常工作)”指出虚拟现实面临一系列挑战和障碍；第二、三段讲述了虚拟现实在新闻领域的应用，是记者强大的工具；根据第四段中的“The question of VR is one of viability and availability.(虚拟现实的问题是可行性和可用性的问题)”可知，本段主要讲述了虚拟现实面临的问题；第五段“Accessibility was one concern for Thomas Hallaq, assistant professor of journalism and mass communications, who said that current VR technology, is pretty exclusive right now. Despite that, he said he doesn’t think the exclusivity of this technology will be a problem in the long run.(无障碍是新闻学和大众传播学助理教授Thomas Hallaq关注的一个问题，他表示，目前的虚拟现实技术相当排外。尽管如此，他表示，从长远来看，他认为这项技术的排他性不会成为问题)”讲述了新闻媒体的虚拟现实技术有排他性，但长远来看这个问题会得到解决；最后一段中的“I think it’s very promising(我认为这很有希望)”讲述了虚拟现实技术很有前景。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述了虚拟现实技术在新闻领域的应用，并指出该技术存在一定的问题，但非常有前景。再结合第二段中的“It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it (这是讲故事的金矿。还有什么比把一个人放在故事的中心来给别人讲故事的更好方法呢？)”可知，D项“虚拟现实是讲故事的未来”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
第二节 七选五阅读(共5 小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded.____16____The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed. Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work.
____17____There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. So instead of worrying about the night ahead, make sleeping well a long-term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow.
Have a late night. Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep-drive to sleep for eight hours at night. Having an early night can mean you won’t be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily. Don’t pay too much attention to the exact times or he hours of sleep you are getting — the details don’t matter. And don’t take naps (小睡) in the day.____18____
Smile more. Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile lo yourself in the dark.____19____Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow.
Stop reading articles about sleep. None of the researching, monitoring or analyzing actually leads to better sleep. In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.____20____Make this the last article you read on the subject, then go and find something more interesting to think about.
A. Try to stay awake at night.
B. In fact, it is actively punished.
C. Give up trying to sleep tonight.
D. So give sleep less of your attention.
E. They take the edge off your appetite for sleep.
F. It doesn’t have to be a genuine, heartfelt smile.
G. You have to do things differently to get a different outcome.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可能有效改善睡眠的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded.(人们尝试了各种方法来获得更多的睡眠。但与生活中几乎所有其他领域不同的是，努力是没有回报的。)”可知，此处强调的是人们尽管通过各种方法获得睡眠，但并非总是有效的。根据后文“The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed. (你越努力，成功的可能性就越小。)”可知，越是积极地努力，成功的可能性越小。故设空处应该强调的是付出的种种努力没有得到回报，反而得到了消极的惩罚。B选项“In fact, it is actively punished. (事实上，它受到了积极的惩罚。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
本题为本段的段旨。根据后文“There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month.(从现在到就寝时间，你做什么都不能保证你今晚能睡得着。然而，你可以开始做很多事情来提高你下个月睡得好的机会。)”可知，此处强调不要为当下的睡眠做出积极的准备，因为从现在到就寝时间，你所做的事情不一定能保证你能睡着。所以应该放弃尝试今晚睡觉，可以在未来的时间中为睡眠作积极的准备。C选项“Give up trying to sleep tonight.(放弃尝试今晚睡觉。)”符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前文“ And don’t take naps (小睡) in the day.(不要在白天打盹。)”可知，此处指出白天不要小睡，后文应该指出这样做的结果。E选项“They take the edge off your appetite for sleep.(它们会降低你的睡眠欲望。)”承接前文，指出白天打盹会降低夜晚睡眠的欲望，不易睡眠。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile lo yourself in the dark. (微笑可以减少紧张，促进放松。当你在晚上熄灯时，试着想一些有趣的事情，在黑暗中对自己微笑。)”可知，微笑可以缓解压力，有助于睡眠。根据后文“Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow. (即使是一个假笑也足以向大脑传递一个信息，改变你的情绪，重新训练大脑，让它适应清醒的状态，从而减少紧张，让睡眠随之而来。)”可知，此处强调即使睡前的假笑也能给大脑传递信息，放松情绪有助于睡眠。因此设空处应该引出此话题，即不一定是发自内心的笑即假笑也会产生积极的作用。F选项“It doesn’t have to be a genuine, heartfelt smile.(不一定是真诚的，发自内心的微笑。)”引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.(事实上，不断地寻找解决方案无疑会让事情变得更糟。)”可知，不断地寻求解决睡眠的方案可能会起到反作用，更让自己睡不着，因此设空处应该指出解决方案。D选项“So give sleep less of your attention.(所以少睡觉吧。)”承接前文。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分45分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 12, I went on a 720-mile cycling trip with my brother and father. Before the trip, we ___21___ for the journey by having smaller rides. We were all ___22___ cyclists. When setting out, I ___23___for an adventure and wanted to see beautiful sights. But what I hadn’t expected was that trouble was ___24___ the corner.
One night, we were getting to a campsite and cycling down a large hill with ___25___ to take a rest from ___26___ up a mountain with aching legs. Suddenly, my brother’s front tyre slipped and he ___27___ into the middle of the road. My father and I stopped, asking if he was okay. Obviously, he was not hurt too much, but his leg was ___28___ the bike frame. From the top of the hill, we saw a light coming. Realizing a car was speeding, my father and I were in ___29___.
Instinctively, I rushed out in front of my brother in the middle of the road, and ___30___my hands wildly. The car rushed forward, but abruptly turned ___31___, bypassing my brother and me. My brother was saved from being run over by the car.
My father said I was ___32___ brave then, but for some reason, I didn’t think I was ___33___ my life because it seemed like the only thing to do. And I believe that in times of danger we should do what we know is right rather than consider ___34___ carefully. If I had thought about what I was doing that night, my brother might have been ___35___from this world.
21. A. accounted B. prepared C. searched D. answered
22. A. enthusiastic B. courageous C. professional D. committed
23. A. paid B. cared C. looked D. longed
24. A. in B. around C. on D. beyond
25. A. eagerness B. anxiety C. surprise D. relief
26. A. hiking B. climbing C. wandering D. cycling
27. A. sank B. slid C. rolled D. raced
28. A. attached to B. buried in C. loaded with D. stuck in
29. A. danger B. trouble C. shock D. vain
30. A. clapped B. waved C. raised D. rubbed
31. A. around B. back C. ahead D. aside
32. A. potentially B. slightly C. incredibly D. generously
33. A. risking B. losing C. saving D. changing
34. A. suggestions B. preferences C. prospects D. dilemmas
35. A. removed B. released C. robbed D. freed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和哥哥去骑行时，哥哥因为前轮打滑了，滑到了路中间，腿被卡住了，而这时一辆超速行驶的汽车过来了，作者勇敢地冲到路上挥手拦车，最后救下了哥哥。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在旅行之前，我们通过短途骑行为旅行做准备。A. accounted认为；B. prepared准备；C. searched搜索；D. answered回答。根据后文“for the journey by having smaller rides”可知，此处指他们通过骑短途来为长途做准备。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都热衷于骑自行车。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. courageous勇敢的；C. professional专业的；D. committed承诺。根据上文“When I was 12, I went on a 720-mile cycling trip with my brother and father.(当我12岁的时候，我和我的哥哥和父亲进行了一次720英里的自行车旅行)”可知，他们都热衷于骑自行车。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出发时，我渴望一次冒险，想看看美丽的风景。A. paid支付；B. cared关心；C. looked看；D. longed渴望。根据后文“for an adventure and wanted to see beautiful sights”可知，作者渴望一次冒险，想看看美丽的风景。long for表示“渴望”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：但我没想到的是，麻烦就要来了。A. in在里面；B. around围绕；C. on在上面；D. beyond超越。根据后文“the corner.”以及哥哥出意外可知，麻烦就要来了，短语为around the corner表示“即将发生”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我们去了一个露营地，骑着自行车从一座大山上下来，因为腿疼，我们急于休息一下。A. eagerness渴望；B. anxiety焦虑；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief安慰。根据后文“up a mountain with aching legs”可知，此处指因为腿疼，渴望休息一下。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我们去了一个露营地，骑着自行车从一座大山上下来，因为腿疼，我们急于休息一下。A. hiking远足；B. climbing攀岩；C. wandering闲逛；D. cycling骑车。根据后文“up a mountain with aching legs”可知，他们因为爬山而腿疼。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我哥哥的前轮打滑了，他滑到了路中间。A. sank下沉；B. slid滑落；C. rolled滚动；D. raced比赛。根据上文“my brother’s front tyre slipped and he”可知，哥哥前轮打滑了，他滑到了路中间。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：显然，他伤得不重，但他的腿卡在了自行车车架里。A. attached to附属于；B. buried in埋头于；C. loaded with装载；D. stuck in陷入。根据后文“the bike frame”可知，哥哥的腿卡在了自行车车架里。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到一辆车超速行驶，父亲和我都惊呆了。A. danger危险；B. trouble麻烦；C. shock震惊；D. vain徒劳。根据后文“I rushed out in front of my brother in the middle of the road”可知，车辆超速驶来，父亲和作者都惊呆了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本能地冲到路中间我哥哥的面前，疯狂地挥动着双手。A. clapped轻拍；B. waved挥动；C. raised筹集；D. rubbed擦。根据后文“my hands wildly”可知，此处指挥动双手让车停下。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：汽车向前冲去，但突然避开，绕过了我和哥哥。A. around围绕；B. back回来；C. ahead前面；D. aside一边。根据后文“bypassing my brother and me”可知，车辆绕过了它们，turn aside表示“避开”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我父亲说我当时非常勇敢，但出于某种原因，我不认为我是在拿自己的生命冒险，因为这似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A. potentially潜在地；B. slightly稍微地；C. incredibly难以置信地；D. generously慷慨地。根据后文“brave then”可知，作者冲到路上拦车非常勇敢。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲说我当时非常勇敢，但出于某种原因，我不认为我是在拿自己生命冒险，因为这似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A. risking冒险；B. losing失去；C. saving拯救；D. changing改变。根据上文“my life”可知，冲到路上拦车是冒生命危险。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，在危险时刻，我们应该做我们认为是正确的事，而不是仔细考虑困境。A. suggestions建议；B. preferences偏爱；C. prospects前景；D. dilemmas困境。根据上文“I believe that in times of danger”可知，此处指在困境中，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我当时想过那天晚上我在做什么，我的兄弟可能已经从这个世界上被夺走了。A. removed去除；B. released释放；C. robbed夺走；D. freed释放。根据上文“If I had thought about what I was doing that night, my brother might have been”可知，如果作者多加考虑，哥哥可能已经从这个世界上被夺走了。故选C。
第二节 语法填空 (共10 小题； 每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022 witnesses the 350th anniversary of Rong Bao Zhai. The badge (徽章) for Rong Bao Zhai uses the Chinese ___36___ (character) of “three”, “five” and “zero”. The character “three” is shaped like a book, ___37___ represents the long historical tradition of Rong BaoZhai. “Five” represents the interweaving of yin and yang, and the circle of “zero” means eternity and hope in the future.
Rong Bao Zhai ___38___ (locate) in Beijing. Its wood block printing skill was listed in the first batch of national level intangible (非物质) ___39___ (culture) heritage by State Council. The technique is ___40___ collection of painting, engraving and printing as a whole. It can be used ___41___ (create) artworks and ___42___ (realistic) reproduce all kinds of Chinese calligraphy and paintings. Among the famous prints is “Han Xizai Evening Banquet”. The production took 8 years, using over 1,600 woodblocks and over 6,000 times of overprinting, ___43___ (mark) the development of the peak of wood block printing
Rong Bao Zhai pays special attention to collecting and protecting. It has collected thousands of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty works, and is honored ___44___ “tiny Palace Museum”. Over the years, the brand has also held various ____45____ (exhibit) and international art exchanges, becoming a window of Chinese traditional culture to the world.
【答案】36. characters
37. which 38. is located
39. cultural
40. a 41. to create
42. realistically
43. marking
44. as 45. exhibitions
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国老字号店铺荣宝斋的350周年纪念徽章以及其木版水印技术。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：荣宝斋的徽章使用了汉字“三”、“五”和“零”。character意为“文字”，为可数名词，根据空后的“of ‘three’, ‘five’ and ‘zero’”可知，这里指“三”、“五”和“零”三个汉字，应用character的复数形式characters。故填characters。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“三”字形似一本书，代表了荣宝斋悠久的历史传统。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The character “three”，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：荣宝斋位于北京。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语Rong Bao Zhai和locate之间为被动关系，故句子应用一般现在时的被动语态。be located in…意为“位于……”。且主语Rong Bao Zhai为第三人称单数，所以谓语应用单数形式。故填is located。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其木版水印技术被国务院列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产。分析句子可知，heritage为名词，前面应用形容词修饰。cultural意为“文化的”，作定语。故填cultural。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该技术集绘画、雕刻和印刷为一体。根据空后的collection可知，这里collection第一次出现，表示泛指，且其发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以被用来创作艺术作品和逼真地复制各种中国书法和绘画。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”，不定式作目的状语。故填to create。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意参考上题。分析句子可知，空处应用副词，修饰动词reproduce。realistically意为“逼真地”。故填realistically。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该制作历时8年，使用了1600多块木版和6000多次套印，标志着木版水印的发展达到了顶峰。分析句子结构，本句的谓语是took，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语The production和mark之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作状语。故填marking。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：它收藏了数千件元明清作品，被誉为“小故宫”。be honored as…意为“被誉为……”，为固定短语。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：多年来，该品牌还举办了各种展览和国际艺术交流，成为中国传统文化走向世界的窗口。空处应用名词作宾语。根据动词held可知，这里表示举办各种各样的展览。exhibition意为“展览（会）”，为可数名词，且其前有various修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填exhibitions。
第三节 单词拼写(共10 小题，每小题1分，满分 10分)
根据下列句子的意思，用所给词的适当形式填空。
46. One reason for her _______ (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】preference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她喜欢城市生活的其中一个原因就是，她方便去到商店和餐馆。根据句子分析可知，此处作介词for的宾语，故应用名词“preference偏爱，喜爱”作宾语，故填preference。
47. ______ (equip) with an intelligent computer brain, a robot can give us information within seconds. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Equipped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：机器人配备了智能计算机大脑，可以在几秒钟内给我们提供信息。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是can give，所以空处用非谓语动词形式。a robot和equip之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词equipped表被动，在句中作状语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。
48. Unfortunately, he suffered serious ______(injure) to the head and legs in the traffic accident. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】injuries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：不幸的是，他在交通事故中头部和腿部受了重伤。空处应用名词作suffered的宾语。injury意为“伤害，损伤”。根据空后的to the head and legs可知，头部和腿部受重伤，表示复数，应用名词复数。故填injuries。
49. He gave me a ______ (hesitate) smile when asked whether to sign up for the English contest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hesitant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当被问及是否报名参加英语比赛时，他犹豫地对我笑了笑。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰smile。hesitant意为“犹豫的，不情愿的”。故填hesitant。
50. When arriving in a foreign country, you’d better ______ (familiar) yourself with the local situation at first. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】familiarize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：到了外国，你最好先熟悉一下当地的情况。根据you’d better可知，空处应用动词原形。familiarize意为“使熟悉”，为及物动词。familiarize oneself with意为“熟悉，了解”，为固定搭配。故填familiarize。
51. It’s important for the figures ________ (update) regularly. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be updated
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式的被动式。句意：定期更新这些数据很重要。根据It’s important for the figures可知此处要用动词不定式，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语；figures 与update之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，可知要用不定式的被动式。故填to be updated。
52. I would like to send congratulations to you on your ______ (admit) to Peking University. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being admitted
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想祝贺你被北京大学录取。根据空前的介词on可知，空处应用动名词形式，和前面的your构成动名词的复合结构，作宾语。动词admit和逻辑主语“你”之间是动宾关系，所以这里应用动名词的被动语态。故填being admitted。
53. I look back on my time in the UK with great ______(satisfy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我非常满意地回顾我在英国的时光。空处应用名词，作with的宾语。satisfaction意为“满足，满意”，为不可数名词。故填satisfaction。
54. They went about their business ______(system). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】systematically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们有条不紊地开展业务。空处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语。systematically意为“系统化地，有条理地”。故填systematically。
55. Our school will take on a new look as many rules and regulations ______(revise) at present. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are being revised
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于目前许多规章制度正在修订，我们学校将焕然一新。分析句子结构，as引导原因状语从句，从句主语many rules and regulations为复数，且和revise之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，谓语应用复数。根据从句中的at present可知，这里表示目前正在进行的动作，所以应用现在进行时。故填are being revised。
第四节 句子翻译 (共5 小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据要求翻译下列句子。
56. 有证据表明经常锻炼人往往免疫系统会更好，患病的风险更低。 (tend) (汉译英)
【答案】It has also been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“有证据表明”应用固定句型It has also been proved that…，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；表示“经常锻炼的人”应用名词短语active people，在从句中作主语；表示“往往”应用动词tend在从句中作谓语，根据句意用一般现在时；表示“免疫系统会更好”应用不定式短语to have better immune systems作宾语；表示“患病的风险更低”应用系表结构are at lower risk of diseases和前句tend to have better immune systems构成并列结构，其中are为系动词，at lower risk of diseases为表语。故翻译为：It has also been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.
57. 他的小说已经被改编成一部卡通片，这被普遍认为是一个经典之作。 (adapt，regard) (汉译英)
【答案】His novel has been adapted into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配、定语从句、时态和语态。分析句子结构，本句的主句为逗号前的句子，逗号后的句子“这被普遍认为是一个经典之作”可翻译为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词“他的小说”（his novel），指物，且在从句中作主语，所以从句谓语应用单数，主句主语为“他的小说”，所以主句谓语也应用单数。“被改编成”可表示为be adapted into，为被动语态；“卡通片”可表示为cartoon film；“被普遍认为”可表示为be widely regarded as，为被动语态；“经典之作”可表示为classic。根据句中的“已经”可知，主句应用现在完成时。根据从句句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。故本句可翻译为：His novel has been adapted into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic.
58. 我们认为很重要的项目正在讨论中。 (attach/ 定语从句) (汉译英)
【答案】The project (that/which) we attach great importance to is under discussion.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定搭配。分析句子结构，“我们认为很重要的”修饰“项目”，所以可用定语从句表示，其中“认为很重要”可表示为attach great importance to，另外先行词project指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，所以应用that或which引导，也可省略关系代词。“正在讨论中”可表示为be under discussion。根据句意，这里陈述的是现在发生的事情，应用一般现在时。故本句可翻译为：The project (that/which) we attach great importance to is under discussion.
59. 尽管我们为她的安全担忧，结果一切很顺利。 (despite) (汉译英)
【答案】Despite our worries about her safety, everything turned out well.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、介词和固定搭配。“尽管”可用介词despite表示，其后跟名词作宾语；“我们为……担忧”可表示为our worries about；“她的安全”可表示为her safety，作介词about的宾语；“结果……”可用动词短语turn out表示，其后可跟形容词或副词，根据句中的“很顺利”可知，这里应跟副词well，主语为“一切”，应用everything表示。根据句意可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：Despite our worries about her safety, everything turned out well.
60. 为了满足公众的喜好，我们的有氧运动课已被一些有趣的课程所取代。 (response，replace) (汉译英)
【答案】In response to public interest, our aerobics class has been replaced with/by some fun classes.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配、时态和语态。“为了满足”可表示为in response to，为固定搭配，其后可跟名词；“公众的喜好”可表示为public interest；“有氧运动课”可表示为aerobics class，其前的“我们的”可用形容词性物主代词our，该短语作主语，谓语应用单数；“被……所取代”可表示为be replaced with/by...，为被动形式；“有趣的课程”可表示为fun class，其前的“一些”可用some，所以这里应用名词复数。根据句中的“已”并结合句意，这里应用现在完成时。故本句可翻译为：In response to public interest, our aerobics class has been replaced with/by some fun classes.
第四部分 写作(满分20分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行“10公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会写一封电子邮件给你校外籍教师Peter，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1. 向他发出邀请；
2. 介绍本次徒步活动；
3. 活动注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头结尾已经给出。
参考词汇：10公里徒步活动a 10-km hiking trip
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
Representing the Students’ Union, I sincerely invite you to join us in the 10-km hiking trip to be held next week.
This activity is scheduled for next Tuesday. All the students and staff in our school will gather on the playground at 8：30 am, where the headmaster will address a brief opening ceremony. Then, we will walk 5 kilometers along the Dongjiang River before we make a return trip to school. If interested, do remember a pair of comfortable sneakers is necessary.
Hopefully, you will accept my invitation if convenient. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行“10公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会写一封电子邮件给你校外籍教师Peter，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：join in→take part in/participate in
代表：on behalf of→represent
举行：hold→take place
集合：assemble →gather
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This activity is scheduled for next Tuesday.
拓展句：This activity is scheduled for next Tuesday, whose aim is to improve our awareness of exercise.
【点睛】[高分句型1] All the students and staff in our school will gather on the playground at 8：30 am, where the headmaster will address a brief opening ceremony. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Representing the Students’ Union, I sincerely invite you to join us in the 10-km hiking trip to be held next week. (运用了现在分词作状语)江苏省太湖高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期月考
高一英语试卷 2023.12
(试卷满分: 150分, 考试时间: 120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What causes the man’s sleeping problem
A．The season. B．The roommates. C．The temperature.
2．What is the woman doing
A．Taking a photo.
B．Choosing a camera.
C．Doing some sightseeing.
3．What does the man think about paying by phone
A．It is easy. B．It is secure. C．It is comfortable.
4．Where does the man go for Christmas
A．To the holiday ceremony.
B．To the restaurant.
C．To the family party.
5．At what time will the plane land
A．8: 55 pm. B．9: 00 pm. C．9: 30 pm.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man want to do with the coin on the ground
A．Buy a small gift
B．Keep it for himself.
C．Leave it for someone else.
7．What does the woman want to give the homeless man
A．Money. B．Food. C．Drink.
听第7段材料, 回答第 8 至 10题。
8．How does the boy feel recently
A．Regretful B．Sick. C．Stressed.
9．What is bothering the boy
A．That his schoolwork is heavy.
B．That his grade is unsatisfactory.
C．That his school year is almost over.
10．What does the girl offer to do for the boy
A．Help schedule his time.
B．Give him time off from work.
C．Bring his lunch to the library.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What does the young man just get from the woman
A．A truck. B．A boat. C．A motorcycle.
12．Why does the woman buy the present for the young man
A．He will go to college soon.
B．He recently graduated.
C．He got a new job.
13．What does the woman offer to pay for
A．Insurance. B．Gas. C．Repairs.
听第9段材料， 回答第14 至 16题。
14．Who is the woman
A．A doctor. B．A receptionist. C．A nurse.
15．Where are the speakers
A．In the consulting room.
B．In the X-ray department.
C．In the examination room.
16．How many departments are being modernized according to the woman
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
听第10段材料, 回答第 17 至 20题。
17．How many people did the group have when it began
A．Two. B．Four. C．Ten.
18．What is the goal of John’s group
A．To plant trees for materials.
B．To repair damaged forests.
C．To attract more animals.
19．What does “The Knowing Tree” focus on
A．Educating children.
B．Gathering donations.
C．Attracting more volunteers.
20．What is the main topic of the talk
A．Traveling for school projects.
B．Protecting the environment.
C．Starting a business.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 15 小题; 每题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Starting to write short stories: An online workshop with Stuart Evers
It is a common misconception that writing a short story is easier than crafting (构思) a longer form piece of fiction. Though they have fewer words, as a writer you have less time and space on the page to both capture the imagination of your readers and craft a journey for your characters that has a beginning, middle and end.
In this highly practical workshop with award-winning writer Stuart Evers, you will know about the fundamentals of the short story writing — from building tension to creating a current of events that invites interest — for constructing a story that has the emotional heft of a novel, as well as breathing life into characters that are authentic and full.
Regardless of your skillset or experience, under Stuart’s expert guidance, you will take the first crucial steps in short storytelling so that you will have a newfound confidence in your ability to continue crafting short stories, far beyond the course.
Course content
What makes a short story
How to generate ideas for short stories
How to turn something from a situation into a story
Writing techniques that can be put into practice instantly
Post-class learning material that includes short story reading list
Course Details
Tuesday, 28 February 2023, 6pm-9pm GMT
80 plus 4.25 booking fee
A catch-up recording will be shared after the class and will be available for two weeks.
This masterclass is available globally. If you are joining us from outside the United Kingdom, you will be sent a link to the workshop 24 hours and 30 minutes before the start time.
1. What does the workshop with Stuart Evers focus on
A. Adding more words in a limited time and space. B. Developing essential short story writing skills.
C. Planning a complete journey with the readers. D. Distinguishing between a short story and a novel.
2. What is said about Stuart’s masterclass
A. It is demanding but rewarding. B. It will be replayed in two months.
C. It will be free to foreigners online. D. It is practical and confidence-building.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A short story. B. A livestream website. C. An academic article. D. An examination paper.
B
Rick Guidotti put aside his career as a fashion photographer to turn his lens to people living with genetic, physical and behavioral differences.
He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino (患白化病的) girl. “I was just tired of people telling me who was beautiful. Every season that face would change but I was always told who was beautiful. As an artist, I don’t see beauty just on covers of magazines. I see it everywhere. So that was my original intention—that opened my eyes a little wider and wider.”
Guidotti has created Positive Exposure, a not-for-profit organization that uses photography and video to transform public perceptions and promote a world where differences are celebrated. Guidotti and Positive Exposure are featured in a new documentary called On Beauty.
One of the women featured in the film is Jayne Waithera. “I never thought I was beautiful because nobody said that to me, but meeting him was my profound moment. I remember that particular day. He took my picture and I felt so good like I felt there’s somebody who, like, really loves me and sees me for who I am and who sees me more than my condition.”
Guidotti is traveling from city to city to promote On Beauty. He says his tour is not about money; it’s about the message. “As I travel from community to community,I’m taking photographs and I’m empowering individuals with a positive sense of who they are. They’re seeing beauty in their reflection but I’m also empowering their families and they in turn are empowering their communities as well. All is based on the philosophy of change—how you see, how you change.”
4. Why did Guidotti change his career
A. Because he wanted to create his own company.
B. Because the beauty on covers of magazines is not beautiful.
C. Because he couldn’t earn enough money from his former career.
D. Because his comprehension of beauty changed owing to an albino girl.
5 What can we know about Positive Exposure
A. It makes the public more beautiful.
B. It brings a lot of money for Guidotti.
C. It welcomes differences in the world.
D. It makes photography more popular.
6. What does the author want to tell us by mentioning Jayne in Paragraph 4
A. Jayne was beautiful indeed.
B. Jayne’s picture was more beautiful than herself.
C. It was unfair that nobody discovered Jayne’s beauty.
D. Photographs gave Jayne a positive sense of who she was.
7. What does the author mainly intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A. We should travel frequently.
B. Communities have a great influence on everyone.
C. We should make contributions to our community.
D. Your attitude to seeing the world decides your behavior.
C
Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula. “We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,” said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.
The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy, faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.
Michael Wethington, another researcher from Stony Brook, told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem. The researchers say counts of individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.
Gentoo penguins—with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads—prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century, Gentoo populations moved south. Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage (觅食) over the continental shelf and don’t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, Gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.
“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,” Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge. Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent, researchers say.
8. Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins
A. To offer them better protection.
B. To find out about the penguin population.
C. To have a clearer idea of their living habits.
D. To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.
9. What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals
A. Their various kinds of species. B. Their unique eating habits.
C. Their nesting habit and body color. D. Their unusual hunting ways.
10. What can be inferred about Gentoo penguins from paragraph 4
A. They are quite adaptive. B. They are in great danger.
C. They tend to hunt far out to sea. D. They have a preference for sea ice.
11 What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Adelie penguin has been affected by climate change.
B. Adelie penguin has got used to the changing environment.
C. Adelie penguin population has fallen by more than 65 percent.
D. Adelie penguin population represents the area’s whole ecosystem.
D
Virtual reality is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. Tech companies everywhere seem to be racing to get their foot in the VR door. However, virtual reality has a set of challenges and hurdles that it must overcome in order to work well. It should be noted that VR is heavily dependent on being very fast, very accurate and very good-looking. If it isn’t, the viewer will feel motion sick or disconnected from the world that VR is trying to create.
Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it
Virtual reality is a powerful tool for journalists. The consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it. The immersive nature of VR allows for people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. The experience is emotional, speaking more to our instinct than our intellect. The possibilities for storytelling here are legion, and any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR.
The question of virtual reality, though, is not how powerful it is. That is immediately apparent. The question of VR is one of viability and availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR technology isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail.
Accessibility was one concern for Thomas Hallaq, assistant professor of journalism and mass communications, who said that current VR technology, is pretty exclusive right now. Despite that, he said he doesn’t think the exclusivity of this technology will be a problem in the long run.
“I think it’s very promising,” Hallaq said. “We’re seeing more technology become accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.
12. Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism
A. Because it is an exclusively new tool.
B. Because it is very powerful and popular.
C. Because people can experience the story in person.
D. Because it is very fast, accurate and good-looking.
13. According to the passage, what is the biggest challenge VR is facing
A. How powerful and interesting it can be.
B. Whether people will have easy access to it.
C. Whether qualified VR headsets can be built.
D. What new ways people will find to deliver content.
14. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of VR technology
A. Optimistic. B. Neutral. C. Pessimistic. D. Concerned.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. The Wide Popularity of Virtual Reality
B. The Future Development of Virtual Reality
C. Challenges and Hurdles of Virtual Reality
D. Virtual Reality is the Future of Storytelling
第二节 七选五阅读(共5 小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded.____16____The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed. Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work.
____17____There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. So instead of worrying about the night ahead, make sleeping well a long-term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow.
Have a late night. Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep-drive to sleep for eight hours at night. Having an early night can mean you won’t be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily. Don’t pay too much attention to the exact times or he hours of sleep you are getting — the details don’t matter. And don’t take naps (小睡) in the day.____18____
Smile more. Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile lo yourself in the dark.____19____Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow.
Stop reading articles about sleep. None of the researching, monitoring or analyzing actually leads to better sleep. In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.____20____Make this the last article you read on the subject, then go and find something more interesting to think about.
A. Try to stay awake at night.
B. In fact, it is actively punished.
C. Give up trying to sleep tonight.
D. So give sleep less of your attention.
E. They take the edge off your appetite for sleep.
F. It doesn’t have to be a genuine heartfelt smile.
G. You have to do things differently to get a different outcome.
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分45分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 12, I went on a 720-mile cycling trip with my brother and father. Before the trip, we ___21___ for the journey by having smaller rides. We were all ___22___ cyclists. When setting out, I ___23___for an adventure and wanted to see beautiful sights. But what I hadn’t expected was that trouble was ___24___ the corner.
One night, we were getting to a campsite and cycling down a large hill with ___25___ to take a rest from ___26___ up a mountain with aching legs. Suddenly, my brother’s front tyre slipped and he ___27___ into the middle of the road. My father and I stopped, asking if he was okay. Obviously, he was not hurt too much, but his leg was ___28___ the bike frame. From the top of the hill, we saw a light coming. Realizing a car was speeding, my father and I were in ___29___.
Instinctively, I rushed out in front of my brother in the middle of the road, and ___30___my hands wildly. The car rushed forward, but abruptly turned ___31___, bypassing my brother and me. My brother was saved from being run over by the car.
My father said I was ___32___ brave then, but for some reason, I didn’t think I was ___33___ my life because it seemed like the only thing to do. And I believe that in times of danger we should do what we know is right rather than consider ___34___ carefully. If I had thought about what I was doing that night, my brother might have been ___35___from this world.
21. A. accounted B. prepared C. searched D. answered
22. A. enthusiastic B. courageous C. professional D. committed
23. A. paid B. cared C. looked D. longed
24. A. in B. around C. on D. beyond
25. A. eagerness B. anxiety C. surprise D. relief
26. A. hiking B. climbing C. wandering D. cycling
27. A. sank B. slid C. rolled D. raced
28. A. attached to B. buried in C. loaded with D. stuck in
29. A. danger B. trouble C. shock D. vain
30. A. clapped B. waved C. raised D. rubbed
31. A. around B. back C. ahead D. aside
32. A. potentially B. slightly C. incredibly D. generously
33. A. risking B. losing C. saving D. changing
34. A. suggestions B. preferences C. prospects D. dilemmas
35. A. removed B. released C. robbed D. freed
第二节 语法填空 (共10 小题； 每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022 witnesses the 350th anniversary of Rong Bao Zhai. The badge (徽章) for Rong Bao Zhai uses the Chinese ___36___ (character) of “three”, “five” and “zero”. The character “three” is shaped like a book, ___37___ represents the long historical tradition of Rong BaoZhai. “Five” represents the interweaving of yin and yang, and the circle of “zero” means eternity and hope in the future.
Rong Bao Zhai ___38___ (locate) in Beijing. Its wood block printing skill was listed in the first batch of national level intangible (非物质的) ___39___ (culture) heritage by State Council. The technique is ___40___ collection of painting, engraving and printing as a whole. It can be used ___41___ (create) artworks and ___42___ (realistic) reproduce all kinds of Chinese calligraphy and paintings. Among the famous prints is “Han Xizai Evening Banquet”. The production took 8 years, using over 1,600 woodblocks and over 6,000 times of overprinting, ___43___ (mark) the development of the peak of wood block printing
Rong Bao Zhai pays special attention to collecting and protecting. It has collected thousands of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty works, and is honored ___44___ “tiny Palace Museum”. Over the years, the brand has also held various ____45____ (exhibit) and international art exchanges, becoming a window of Chinese traditional culture to the world.
第三节 单词拼写(共10 小题，每小题1分，满分 10分)
根据下列句子的意思，用所给词的适当形式填空。
46. One reason for her _______ (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. ______ (equip) with an intelligent computer brain, a robot can give us information within seconds. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Unfortunately, he suffered serious ______(injure) to the head and legs in the traffic accident. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. He gave me a ______ (hesitate) smile when asked whether to sign up for the English contest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. When arriving in a foreign country, you’d better ______ (familiar) yourself with the local situation at first. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. It’s important for the figures ________ (update) regularly. （所给词的适当形式填空）
52. I would like to send congratulations to you on your ______ (admit) to Peking University. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. I look back on my time in the UK with great ______(satisfy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. They went about their business ______(system). (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. Our school will take on a new look as many rules and regulations ______(revise) at present. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四节 句子翻译 (共5 小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据要求翻译下列句子。
56. 有证据表明经常锻炼的人往往免疫系统会更好，患病的风险更低。 (tend) (汉译英)
57. 他的小说已经被改编成一部卡通片，这被普遍认为是一个经典之作。 (adapt，regard) (汉译英)
58. 我们认为很重要的项目正在讨论中。 (attach/ 定语从句) (汉译英)
59. 尽管我们为她的安全担忧，结果一切很顺利。 (despite) (汉译英)
60. 为了满足公众的喜好，我们的有氧运动课已被一些有趣的课程所取代。 (response，replace) (汉译英)
第四部分 写作(满分20分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行“10公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会写一封电子邮件给你校外籍教师Peter，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1. 向他发出邀请；
2. 介绍本次徒步活动；
3. 活动注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头结尾已经给出。
参考词汇：10公里徒步活动a 10-km hiking trip
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

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