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2024年中考英语阅读专项集训--时事热点话题（人与自然--自然 ）
The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in South America. It passes through six countries. The Amazon is the second longest river in the world. But the Amazon has more water in it than any other river. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.
There are so much water in the Amazon that when it reaches the sea, the water travels far out into the ocean. The river is very deep and very wide. In some places it is so wide that a person on one side cannot see the other side. When the river floods, it is even wider. The river floods every year. So some people who live beside the river build their houses on rafts.
There are millions of fish in the Amazon River. One of these is the piranha (水虎鱼) with its very sharp teeth. Piranhas hunt in group. They usually eat other fish, but sometimes they attack large animals or even people.
1．The Amazon is the ________ longest river in the world.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth.
2．Which sentence is right
A．There are millions of fish in the Amazon River.
B．The piranha is a tiger.
C．The water in the Amazon is never clean.
D．Many people always visit the Amazon River.
3．Why is the Amazon called the world’s biggest river
A．Because it has more water than any other river.
B．Because it is the longest river.
C．Because it is deep enough.
D．Because it is wide enough.
4．What’s the best title in the passage
A．The longest river. B．The deepest river.
C．The widest river. D．The Amazon River.
Many people are surprised to learn that Antarctica (南极洲) is nearly twice the size of the United States. The name Antarctica was named to mean “opposite (反义词) to the Arctic (北极)”. Antarctica is a high, ice-covered land. In the Arctic, the land is grouped around the ice-covered Arctic Ocean.
Largely because of this difference, the weather of the two areas is very different. Antarctica is the coldest area in the world. It is about 30℃ colder than the Arctic. At the American South Pole Station, winter temperatures sometimes fall below -73℃. There isn’t much rain, but there is a lot of snow and wind. The lowest temperature was around -89℃!
Partly because of this difference, the land animals and plants of the two areas are very different. In the Arctic, there are many plants. In Antarctica, very few plants grow in some of the ice-free areas. Antarctica is, home to the penguins (企鹅) while they do not live in the Arctic. The land animals of the Arctic are foxes, bears and reindeer (驯鹿). But you can’t find these animals in Antarctica.
Ice is the great feature of Antarctica. More than 12 million square kilometers of ice covers the area. About 85 percent of the ice in the world is in Antarctica. The icecap is very thick, nearly 2,400 meters. If this large amount of ice melts (融化) because of warmer weather, the world oceans will become larger. Natural disasters would have to take place for this.
5．According to the passage, we know Antarctica is__________.
A．the coldest area in the world B．a place without any sign of life
C．windy and rainy most of the time D．with the lowest temperature at -73℃
6．One type of animal found in Antarctica is the__________.
A．fox B．penguin C．bear D．reindeer
7．We can infer from the passage that__________.
A．scientists show little interest in Antarctica
B．there are many people living in Antarctica
C．the study in Arctic helps more plants grow
D．weather change will cause natural disasters
The group Country Trust is asking for help in testing how healthy our soil (土壤) is. Between March and June this year, the group is hoping for the help of over 10,000 children.
Healthy soil has lots of small living things in it. It helps us to grow (种植) food. But it’s not just that. Healthy soil is good at taking in and storing water. This helps a lot after heavy rains, or during a long period of time when there is little or no rain.
★ More and more people get to know they have to do something. To test soil health in the UK, Country Trust is asking for help. The first thing to do is to get a pair of cotton (棉) shorts. Make sure they are made of cotton. Shorts made from anything else won’t do. Find some soil that you can dig (挖) in. That could be at home, in a school garden, a park or even a football field. When you find the soil you want, just dig, put your shorts in, and leave them for eight weeks. If the soil is full of life, it’ll begin breaking down your cotton shorts. After two months, dig your shorts back up. The worse they look, the healthier your soil is! People can join in for free on the Country Trust website and then share their findings.
The group hopes that the activity will help people to know a little more about soil. To know how important it is and not just see it as dirt (灰尘).
8．The writer shows Country Trust needs help from many children by ________.
A．listing (列举) a number B．asking a question
C．setting an example (例子) D．using a model
9．Healthy soil ________.
A．has a small number of living things B．can take in and store rain
C．will become food for people D．needs water all the time
10．Which of the following can be put in ★
A．Surely, people should grow food in the soil.
B．Easily, the soil can do many things for people.
C．Thankfully, our soil is always very healthy.
D．However, the health of our soil is getting bad.
11．If your cotton shorts look good after nine weeks in the soil, it shows ________.
A．the soil around is not healthy B．you do the test in a wrong way
C．you can keep your clothes tidy D．your shorts are at a high price
12．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Country Trust Needs Shorts B．Dig in the Soil
C．Grow Your Shorts D．Soil helps a lot
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选择出适当的选项补全短文(有一选项多余)，并将选项的编号字母依次填入答题卡的相应位置。
When we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red means stop, the color green means go. And the color yellow means slow down or tells that you have to be careful. But why are these colors used for traffic lights Why couldn’t they be colors like blue, brown or orange 13
Well, it’s important to know that before there were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals (信号) for trains. At first, railway companies (公司) used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to tell people to be careful. 14 They could easily mistake stars at night for the signal to go. So railway companies made some changes. They used the color green to mean go, and the color yellow to ask people to be careful.
But believe it or not, yellow was also used to mean stop in the 1900s. 15 After more highly reflective materials (反光材料) were developed, people once again used red to mean stop. 16 And it is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so people can see it from a faraway place than other colors. As a result, the color yellow is used to mean “be careful” because it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green.
17 They do play a role in keeping the traffic in order every day.
A．People said it was easier to see in dark areas.
B．Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights.
C．Most people agree the color red has a lot to do with danger.
D．And the train driver agreed that the color white isn’t as bright as a star.
E．Traffic lights really came a long way but they were truly a big success.
F．However, train drivers had a few problems with the color white meaning go.
Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (循环) is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to June in China. In this article, we will learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth.
The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow.
The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候). It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought. Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water.
Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty.
18．Which season has the most active water cycle in China.
A．Spring B．Summer C．Autumn D．Winter
19．Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the passage
a. Water returns to the ground. b. Rain or snow falls down.
c. Water vapour rises up. d. Clouds are formed in the sky.
A．c-b-d-a B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-b-a D．d-b-c-a
20．Why is the water cycle is important
A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground.
C．Because it makes the climate healthy. D．Because it shows the beauty of nature.
21．Which shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
In late June 2018, the weather report said there would be heavy rain in western Japan, but no one was prepared for what would happen. By mid-July, large areas were flooded. Some areas received over 100 centimeters of rain. Cars and trucks floated (漂浮) down the streets. Whole buildings were washed away. At least 225 people died, and millions had to leave their homes.
The weather is changing. Over the last few years, heavy rains caused (导致) floods in many parts of the world. There were droughts (干旱) in Brazil and Australia. High temperatures in Europe killed thousands. There were more hurricanes (飓风) in America.
As more wild weather events happen, people are asking questions: What is happening with the weather And why Is this natural, or are we to blame (指责)
The answer seems to be: a little of both. Wild weather is natural. But most scientists believe human activity makes the Earth warmer. The higher temperatures cause more water to enter the air. This causes heavier rain. Many scientists also believe global warming (全球变暖) makes more hurricanes and other storms stronger.
This means we will see more wild weather. “But we don’t have to just stand there and do nothing,” says scientist Michael Oppenheimer. He and other scientists say we need to stop the Earth from getting warmer. We also need to be prepared, to do things that will help save lives.
22．The writer writes paragraph 2 to ________.
A．give examples of natural disasters B．describe the big flood in Japan
C．show how the weather will change D．ask people to protect the Earth
23．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．human activity B．a dangerous storm
C．more wild weather D．the loss caused by bad weather
24．Which of the following may Michael want to say to us
A．It’s too late to protect the Earth.
B．We should do something to stop global warming.
C．There are no ways to prevent natural disasters.
D．Stand there patiently, and we can save our lives.
25．What’s the main idea of the article
A．Scientists try to find out why the weather is changing.
B．There were many natural disasters around the world last year.
C．Global warming causes wild weather and we should take action.
D．A terrible flood hit Japan and made lots of people leave their homes.
Flamingos are tall, mostly pink birds with long legs. But they aren’t actually born pink. They are grey or white, and turn pink over the first couple of years of their lives.
Have you ever heard the saying “you are what you eat” Well, flamingos are just that. In the wild, flamingos feed on shrimp, small clams, fish, insects, and algae (藻类). Yum! These foods, especially the algae, are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素). Inside a flamingo’s body, carotenoids are changed into a red-orange pigment (色素) that turns its feathers pink.
Before scientists understood that flamingos got their colour from their food, zookeepers puzzled over why the pink birds turned white in zoos. Now they feed flamingos a diet rich in carotenoids and vitamins to keep their birds “in the pink”.
Still, flamingos fade when caring for their babies. Unlike their chicks, mama and papa birds don’t eat much. This makes the pigment stored in their feathers become less and less, so they lose colour.
If a flamingo eats blueberries, will it turn blue Dr. Kevin McGraw, who studies feather colour in birds at Arizona State University, guesses if a flamingo eats enough blueberries, it would probably still turn pink, not blue! That’s because the pigments that make blueberries blue, are changed into colourless chemicals in the bird’s body. But blueberries also have a small number of carotenoids. So they would probably lightly colour the feathers pink.
26．What colour are flamingos when they are born
A．Pink. B．Blue. C．Grey or white. D．Yellow.
27．Which of the followings is/are rich in carotenoids
A．The algae. B．Blueberries. C．Apples. D．Milk.
28．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “fade” in paragraph 4
A．Turn brighter. B．Lose colour. C．Get tired. D．Get hungry.
29．What can we learn from the text
A．Zookeepers first found out why flamingos are pink.
B．The red-orange pigment is stored in the flamingo’s skin.
C．There are no carotenoids in blueberries.
D．The flamingo is the best example of “you are what you eat”.
Do you know that the color words have other meanings
Now let me tell you. Firstly, some color words can be people’s last names, such as Brown, Green and White. Secondly, some color words have some interesting meanings. For example, blue means unhappy. A green hand means you are new to something. Black sheep mean bad people in a group. Black coffee means coffee without milk. White coffee is coffee with milk. People tell a white lie because they want to be kind. A white elephant is not an elephant but an expensive and useless (无用的) thing.
Do you think the color words are useful and interesting Try to learn more in your everyday life.
30．Which can be people’s last name according to the passage
A．White. B．Yellow. C．Red. D．Pink.
31．If you lose your schoolbag, what will you feel
A．Happy. B．Blue. C．Green. D．Black.
32．Which one has the same meaning as “a new teacher”
A．A green hand. B．A black sheep. C．A white elephant. D．A white lie.
33．What is the best title for this passage
A．Different Colors B．Other Meanings of Color Words
C．Useful Color Words D．Color Words Can Be Names
The Dad Sea (死海) is not a sea. It is a big lake in the Jordan Valley. It is near the city of Jericho. The river runs into the Dead Sea. It comes from the north. The lake is 400 meters below the sea level (海平面). The sun is hot there and the water is salty (咸的). Fish can’t live in the salt water and plants (植物) can’t grow near it. People can’t swim well in the Dead Sea, but they can float (漂浮) on the water. You can often see people floating on the lake. They red books or newspaper on it. The water is very blue and the air is clear. In winter people come to the lake. They sit in the sunshine or bath in the warm water.
34．The Dead Sea is a ________.
A．sea B．river C．lake D．ocean
35．The river Jordan comes from ________.
A．the north B．the west C．the Dead Sea D．a valley near Jericho
36．The Dead Sea is ________.
A．higher than the sea level B．lower than the sea level
C．as high as the sea level D．a few meters below the sea level
37．Fish can’t live in the Dead Sea because ________.
A．the water is too hot B．there is no plant in the water
C．the water is not deep enough for fish to live in D．the water is too salty
38．People can ________.
A．float on the Dead Sea B．skate on the water
C．stay on the lake D．grow plants near the Dead Sea
Have you ever been to the Dead Sea, one of the most famous natural wonders in the world Have you ever considered why it is called Dead Sea Does it hold life Can people swim there With all these questions in your mind, let’s know something about it!
The Dead Sea is actually a lake in the Middle East. At four hundred meters below sea level, it’s the lowest point on Earth. It lies between the borders of Jordan, Israel, and the West Bank. It’s about 80 kilometers long, 11 kilometers wide at its widest point, and 377 meters deep at its deepest. The lake is surrounded by hot, dry desert on all sides.
Since it’s in a hot desert, water evaporates (蒸发) faster than the lake is refilled. And the area is lower than all the land around, the water can never flow back out, it can only evaporate. And that’s what happens-water continually evaporates. In fact, so much water is evaporating from the Dead Sea, it often looks like there’s a cloud of fog hanging over the lake. Anyway, as the water evaporates, it leaves behind the salt and minerals (矿物质). The water in the Dead Sea is almost six times saltier than ocean water!
Because the Dead Sea is so salty, almost nothing can live there, except for bacteria and one type of algae. Any fish or freshwater animal that gets washed into the lake dies almost immediately. And the shores are covered in thick salt crystals (结晶), so animals can’t even live near the lake either. That’s why it’s called Dead Sea.
Since it’s so salty, why do people go there to cover themselves from head to toe with its mud Actually, those minerals are supposed to be really good for your skin. No wonder lots of spas and health resorts have been built in the area. Though the water in the Dead Sea is so salty, it is totally safe for people. You can even go swimming there if you want, although it’s pretty hard to swim because all that salt makes it much easier to float! It’s really unbelievable.
Want to know more about it Just explore it yourself!
39．Why does the writer use four questions in the beginning
A．To interest readers in natural wonders. B．To lead into the topic of the Dead Sea.
C．To introduce the popularity of the Dead Sea. D．To express worries about freshwater animals.
40．What can you learn about the Dead Sea from the passage
A．It’s near the Middle East. B．It’s far from the desert.
C．It’s 80 kilometers wide. D．It’s the lowest point on land.
41．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．How the Dead Sea is formed. B．How the Dead Sea gets so salty.
C．Why fish can’t live in the Dead Sea. D．Why the Dead Sea is like a cloud of fog.
42．What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
Floods, droughts (干旱), storms, hot days…extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world.
This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily.
This summer, big storms hit areas of Europe. At least 13 people died in Austria, France and Italy by Aug 19. In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires have forced thousands to leave their homes.
In the US, more than 80 percent of the west is in drought, up from just 20 percent in 2021. Three-quarters of farmers in these areas have stopped growing food.
In China, the heat has hit the south since June. The duration (持续时间) of this year’s high temperatures will break the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years.
Extreme weather events are not only killing people and destroying homes. They also drive more people into hunger. Millions in East Africa have little food to eat today, according to the World Health Organization. For four years, there wasn’t enough rain during its rainy seasons and the land was too dry to grow food.
Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 infectious diseases (传染病) more serious, including malaria, cholera and anthrax, according to the journal Nature Climate Change. As viruses (病毒) try to adapt to (适应) higher temperatures, they become stronger and harder to kill.
43．What is causing extreme weather events worldwide, according to the passage
A．Wildfires. B．Droughts.
C．Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. D．Heat waves.
44．What are Paragraphs 3~5 mainly about
A．The countries that suffer from extreme weather the most.
B．The number of people who died from extreme weather.
C．The causes of different types of extreme weather.
D．The effects of extreme weather in different areas.
45．What point of view do the underlined sentences support
A．Extreme weather events are killing people.
B．Extreme weather events are destroying homes.
C．Extreme weather events drive more people into hunger.
D．Extreme weather events badly influence people’s life.
46．How does extreme weather make diseases more serious
A．It causes viruses to become stronger.
B．It weakens people’s health.
C．It offers more food to viruses and serious diseases.
D．It increases the number of infectious diseases.
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊河。
1．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon is the second longest river in the world.”可知，亚马逊河是世界第二大河。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“There are millions of fish in the Amazon River.”可知，亚马逊河里有数百万条鱼。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“But the Amazon has more water in it than any other river. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.”可知，亚马逊河的水量比其他任何河流都多，这就是为什么它被称为世界上最大的河流。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了亚马逊河，故选D。
5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南极洲的概况，包括地形、地貌、气候特点以及动植物等。
5．细节理解题。根据“Antarctica is the coldest area in the world.”可知，南极洲是世界上最冷的地区。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Antarctica is, home to the penguins while they do not live in the Arctic.”可知，南极洲是企鹅的家园。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If this large amount of ice melts because of warmer weather, the world oceans will become larger. Natural disasters would have to take place for this.”可知，如果南极洲这些大量的冰块因气候变暖而融化，世界海洋将变得更大，自然灾害必然会发生；据此推断，气候发生变化将导致自然灾害的发生。故选D。
8．A 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了国家信托组织正在寻求帮助测试土壤的健康状况。
8．细节理解题。根据“Between March and June this year, the group is hoping for the help of over 10,000 children.”可知，今年3月至6月期间，该组织希望能得到1万多名儿童的帮助。作者列出数字表明乡村信托需要许多儿童的帮助，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“Healthy soil is good at taking in and storing water.”可知，健康的土壤善于吸收和储存水分。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“More and more people get to know they have to do something.”可知，越来越多的人开始意识到他们必须做些什么。由此可知，我们应该做些什么来改变不好的地方，选项D“然而，我们土壤的健康状况正在恶化。”符合语境，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据“When you find the soil you want, just dig, put your shorts in, and leave them for eight weeks. If the soil is full of life, it’ll begin breaking down your cotton shorts. After two months, dig your shorts back up. The worse they look, the healthier your soil is!”可知，当你找到你想要的土壤时，只要挖一下，把你的短裤放进去，然后放八周。如果土壤充满了生命，它就会开始破坏你的棉质短裤。两个月后，把你的短裤挖出来。它们看起来越糟糕，你的土壤就越健康！所以如果你的棉质短裤在土壤中浸泡了9周后看起来还不错，那就说明周围的土壤不健康。故选A。
12．最佳标题题。根据“To test soil health in the UK, Country Trust is asking for help. The first thing to do is to get a pair of cotton (棉) shorts.”可知，为了测试英国的土壤健康状况，国家信托基金会正在寻求帮助。首先要做的是买一条棉质短裤。本文主要介绍了国家信托组织正在寻求帮助测试土壤的健康状况，选项A“国家信托基金需要短裤”符合主题，故选A。
13．B 14．F 15．A 16．C 17．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了交通灯颜色的历史。
13．根据下文“Well, it’s important to know that before there were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals (信号) for trains.”可知，此处是引出交通灯的历史，B选项“以下是是交通信号灯颜色的历史。”符合，故选B。
14．根据下文“They could easily mistake stars at night for the signal to go.”可知，此处是引出交通灯白色有问题，F选项“然而，火车司机对白色的含义有一些问题。”符合，故选F。
15．根据上文“But believe it or not, yellow was also used to mean stop in the 1900s.”可知，此处讲选黄色的原因，A选项“人们说在黑暗的地方更容易看到。”符合，故选A。
16．根据下文“And it is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so people can see it from a faraway place than other colors.”可知，此处是讲选红色作为表示“停止”的颜色的原因，C选项“大多数人都认为红色与危险有很大关系。”符合，故选C。
17．根据下文“They do play a role in keeping the traffic in order every day.”可知，此处讲的是交通灯，E选项“交通信号灯确实走了很长一段路，但它们确实取得了巨大的成功。”符合，故选E。
18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球上的水循环。了解水循环可以帮助我们享受自然之美，了解我们的地球是如何运作的，并找到更好的方法来保护我们的地球。
18．细节理解题。根据“It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to June in China.”可知，水循环在三月到五月最为活跃，即春季。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”可知，水循环从水蒸气开始；根据“As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds.”可知，然后是水蒸气遇冷变成云；根据“After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow.”可知，接下来云向地面降水；根据“Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow.”可知，最后水以雨水或雪的形式回到地面。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据“The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy.”可知，水循环可以保护我们的气候健康。故选C。
21．篇章结构题。根据“Water is important for all living things on Earth.”可知，文章首段通过说水很重要引出水循环这个话题；根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”和“The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate.”可知，二、三段讲述了水循环的过程及其重要性；根据“Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty.”可知，最后一段总结全文，告诉我们要保护地球。故选A。
22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述因为地球变暖，气候发生变化，从而导致自然灾害不断发生，人类应为改善气候而做出努力。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There were droughts (干旱) in Brazil and Australia. High temperatures in Europe killed thousands. There were more hurricanes (飓风) in America.”可知，作者举自然灾害的例子。故选A。
23．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“As more wild weather events happen, people are asking questions: What is happening with the weather And why Is this natural”以及第四段中的“Wild weather is natural.”可知，划线词“this”指代的是上文中的“more wild weather”。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘But we don’t have to just stand there and do nothing,’ says scientist Michael Oppenheimer. He and other scientists say we need to stop the Earth from getting warmer.”可知，Michael想要告诉我们我们应该采取措施阻止全球变暖。故选B。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述全球变暖造成恶劣天气，我们应该采取行动阻止全球变暖，所以C项正确。故选C。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了火烈鸟的颜色的成因。
26．细节理解题。根据“But they aren’t actually born pink. They are grey or white, and turn pink over the first couple of years of their lives.”可知，火烈鸟出生时是灰色或白色的。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“These foods, especially the algae, are rich in carotenoids”可知，藻类富含类胡萝卜素。故选A。
28．词句猜测题。根据“This makes the pigment stored in their feathers become less and less, so they lose colour.”可知，火烈鸟在哺育小鸟时，羽毛的颜色会变浅，由此可猜测fade意为“褪色”。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever heard the saying “you are what you eat” Well, flamingos are just that.”可知，火烈鸟的例子诠释了什么叫“你吃什么就是什么样”。故选D。
30．A 31．B 32．A 33．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些颜色词汇所代表的特殊含义。
30．细节理解题。根据“some color words can be people’s last names, such as Brown, Green and White”可知，一些颜色的单词可以是人们的姓，比如Brown，Green和White。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“For example, blue means unhappy.”可知，蓝色意味着不开心，所以如果丢了书包，会不开心。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“A green hand means you are new to something.”可知，A green hand意思是你对某事是新手，所以可以把新老师称为“A green hand”，故选A。
33．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一些颜色词汇所代表的特殊含义，故选D。
34．C 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了死海的相关情况。
34．细节理解题。根据“The Dad Sea (死海) is not a sea. It is a big lake in the Jordan Valley.”可知，死海是一个湖。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“The river runs into the Dead Sea. It comes from the north.”可知，这条河流入死海。它来自北方。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据“The lake is 400 meters below the sea level (海平面).”可知，死海比海平面低。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“The sun is hot there and the water is salty (咸的). Fish can’t live in the salt water and plants (植物) can’t grow near it.”可知，鱼不能在死海生存，因为水太咸了。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“You can often see people floating on the lake.”可知，人们可以漂浮在湖面上。故选A。
39．B 40．D 41．B 42．C
【导语】本文介绍了死海。
39．推理判断题。根据“With all these questions in your mind, let’s know something about it!”可知是为了引出下文要介绍死海的内容，故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“it’s the lowest point on Earth”可知这是地球上的最低点，故选D。
41．主旨大意题。根据“Anyway, as the water evaporates, it leaves behind the salt and minerals (矿物质). The water in the Dead Sea is almost six times saltier than ocean water!”可知本段在介绍死海是怎么变得这么咸的。故选B。
42．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二三四五段介绍死海；第六段总结。故选C。
43．C 44．D 45．C 46．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了极端天气造成的原因是温室气体的排放，极端天气给人们的生活和生命造成了巨大的伤害。
43．细节理解题。根据“This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily.”可知，是由人类活动产生的温室气体排放造成的，故选C。
44．段落大意题。根据“In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires have forced thousands to leave their homes.”，“Three-quarters of farmers in these areas have stopped growing food. ”以及“The duration (持续时间) of this year’s high temperatures will break the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years.”可知，根据第三至五段的内容可知，作者列举了极端天气在不同地区的影响。故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据“They also drive more people into hunger. ”和“Millions in East Africa have little food to eat today, according to the World Health Organization. For four years, there wasn’t enough rain during its rainy seasons and the land was too dry to grow food.”可知，划线句子是为了说明极端天气使更多的人陷入了饥饿，故选C。
46．细节理解题。根据“As viruses (病毒) try to adapt to (适应) higher temperatures, they become stronger and harder to kill.”可知，当病毒试图适应更高的温度时，它们变得更强，更难被杀死。可见，极端天气使疾病更加严重是因为极端天气会导致病毒变得更强。故选A。

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