资源简介

长郡中学2024年高三寒假作业检测试卷
英 语
高三英语备课组组稿
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does Eric want to be in the future
A. A scientist. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
2. What is the man probably doing
A. Taking an interview. B. Making a work plan. C. Producing electronics.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the office. B. At home. C. In a school.
4. When is the train due
A. At 8:10. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:50.
5. How does the woman get to work
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How much does the Happy Valley game probably cost
A. $30. B. $50. C. $130.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Parent and child. C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. What happened to the woman
A. She was late for a train.
B. She got on the wrong train.
C. She didn't know which train to take.
9. What does the woman think of the man's suggestion
A. It is a waste of time. B. It is helpful. C. It is impossible.
10. What is the woman going to do next
A. Catch a bus. B. Take a taxi. C. Get on another train.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the conversation mainly about
A. The memories in primary school.
B. The methods of writing essays.
C. The man's medical issues.
12. How does the man write his essay
A. With pen and paper. B. On a computer. C. With a special pencil.
13. Why did the man use to receive bad grades
A. It was too painful to complete his work.
B. His handwriting was unreadable.
C. He spent too much time in hospital.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where does the woman know about the man
A. From a house agency. B. From a friend. C. From an ad.
15. How will the man help the woman
A. By assisting her with her home loan application.
B. By opening a new credit card for her.
C. By giving her cash.
16. When will the woman come to the man next time
A. On Sunday. B. On Friday. C. On Monday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is one benefit of IF according to the talk
A. It may raise low blood pressure.
B. It may slow down brain aging.
C. It may improve anxiety and depression.
18. What does the 5 : 2 IF method involve
A. Eating less five days a week.
B. Restricting calories two days each week.
C. Eating only within a five-hour "window".
19. Which of the following is acceptable during the 16 hours
A. Milk. B. White coffee. C. Black tea.
20. What do we know about IF
A. It is simple to follow.
B. It is suitable for everyone.
C. It involves complex calorie counting.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The great philosopher Voltaire once said "Reading makes people see and think clearly." If you want to be a better self, try the following books.
Pride and Prejudice
Pride and Prejudice is kind of a literary Rosetta Stone, the inspiration, basis, and model for so many modern novels. For a book written in the early 19th century, its modernity is surprising only until you realize that this is the novel that in many ways defined what a modern novel is.
A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals
From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting the difficulty of 43 endangered species from around the world, the book takes readers on a trip through fresh water, oceans, forests, mountains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist（女权主义） critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism, which discusses the status of Japanese women.
Know My Name
Chanel Miller's breathtaking memoir is praised to be the Best Book of the Year in People magazine. In this book, she recalls all her whole life. It's a story of trauma（创伤） and transcendence（超越）, shining with the courage required to move through suffering and live a full and beautiful life.
21. What is special about Pride and Prejudice
A. It has a long history. B. It encourages readers.
C. It defines modern novels. D. It includes surprising plots.
22. Which should you choose if you want to know about nature
A. Know My Name.
B. Pride and Prejudice.
C. Patriarchy and Capitalism.
D. A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals.
23. What kind of book is Know My Name
A. A record about endangered animals. B. A folk tale.
C. A novel discussing female status. D. An autobiography.
B
Rather than indulge in smartphones and games, Zhang Yixuan prefers to spend his summer vacation walking in nature, encountering little creatures like shrimps and crabs. The 17-year-old went viral on Sina Weibo recently for his knowledge of biology, which led him to discover a new species of freshwater crabs of the genus（属） Sinolapotamon in 2022.
As his father, who was born in a rural area, loved catching fish and crabs himself at an early age, Zhang was always taken outdoors by his parents to explore as much as possible and observe little creatures quietly without any disruptions（打扰）.
Now a grade 12 student at Yulin High School, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Zhang has dozens of "living treasures" that he has collected from the outdoors, including insects, fish, shrimps and crabs. "This one is a species of Nanhaipotamon that I caught in a mountainous area," said Zhang, pointing to a vibrant（色彩鲜亮的） crab moving its amusing eyes around. "You can see it just shed（蜕去） its shell."
There is also a row of empty bottles and jars in Zhang's room to store his specimens（标本）. "I can notice the slight differences between two shrimps, and then I take them back to my room for further observation," said Zhang.
It is the microscope his father bought him that makes the bedroom look more like a mini biology lab than anything else. It's a place where Zhang can devote himself to identifying shrimps or observing crabs day and night. With the help of his microscope, Zhang immerses himself in decoding（解码） the natural world. Sometimes he spends hours simply examining a piece of fish scale（鱼鳞）, the leg of a crab or the antenna（触角） of an insect. He often works so late that his parents have to force him to go to bed.
"I'm often amazed by what I see while placing these tiny and fragile（脆弱的） things under the microscope. No matter how humble an insect is, each life is so delicately and uniquely structured," said Zhang.
24. What made Zhang popular on Sina Weibo
A. His rich knowledge of biology. B. His videos of outdoor adventures.
C. His collection of "living treasures". D. His discovery of a new type of crab.
25. What inspired Zhang's interest in exploring nature
A. His father's job. B. A crab he once caught.
C. His school's field trips. D. His childhood experiences.
26. Where does Zhang put the microscope bought by his father
A. In Zhang's lab at school. B. In Zhang's bedroom.
C. In Zhang's study. D. In Zhang's classroom.
27. Which of the following best describes Zhang
A. Ambitious and energetic. B. Curious and dedicated.
C. Outgoing and adventurous. D. Knowledgeable and modest.
C
What is life Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life—called ALife for short—is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.
So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about "the point" of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. "The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything," Alan says. "Some people ask me, 'So what's the worth of artificial life ' Do you ever think, 'What is the worth of your grandmother '"
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution（演化）. This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of“novelty generator”. The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere.
If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless "creativity" in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines.
Compared with the development s of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept—life itself—is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled（混乱的） progression is a striking parallel（平行线） to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.
Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.
28. Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is ______.
A. supportive B. puzzled C. unconcerned D. doubtful
29. What does the word "enamored" underlined in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A. Shocked. B. Protected. C. Attracted. D. Challenged.
30. What can we learn from this passage
A. ALife holds the key to human future.
B. ALife and AI share a common feature.
C. AI mirrors the developments of ALife.
D. AI speeds up the process of human evolution.
31. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out
B. Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too
C. Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day
D. Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too
D
After years of severe drought combined with climate change, the water level in Lake Powell, the second largest reservoir（水库） on the Colorado River, has dropped to just 24% of capacity. It is continuing to decline to levels not seen since the reservoir was first filled in the 1960s.
In an effort to improve the shrinking reservoir, the federal government announced that it will hold back a large quantity of water this year to reduce risks of the lake falling below a point at which Glen Canyon Dam would no longer generate electricity.
"Today's decision reflects the truly unexpected challenges facing the Colorado River Basin and will provide operational certainty for communities and businesses that rely on the Colorado River," Tanya Trujillo, the federal Interior Department's assistant secretary for water and science, said in a statement announcing the measures.
It is the first time the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation has called its authority to change its operations in this way at Glen Canyon Dam on the Arizona-Utah border. The agency said the plan is intended to protect infrastructure at the dam and its ability to generate hydropower（水力发电）. It will ensure that water supplies continue to be available for the nearby city of Page, Arizona, and the Navajo Nation.
The plan is supposed to reduce the risks of Lake Powell falling to extremely low levels. The measures will include releasing about 500,000 acre-feet of water from Flaming Gorge Reservoir, which is located upstream, and leaving an additional 480,000 acre-feet in Lake Powell by reducing the volume of water released from Glen Canyon Dam.
"What's needed now, urgently, is for federal and state water managers to work in partnership with other related parties, to take the steps necessary to build confidence in the long-lasting management of the Colorado River," Pitt said. "This will require intensive and dedicated resources to develop and implement（执行） plans that put water demands into balance with supplies."
32. What effect would the shrinking of Lake Powell bring
A. A water shortage across America. B. Reduced electricity generation.
C. A decline in tourism in the region. D. Increased extreme natural disasters.
33. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. The purpose of the government's plan.
B. The way to protect infrastructure at the dam.
C. The importance of ensuring water volume in the city.
D. The difficulties of controlling the water level of the lake.
34. How will the government stop Lake Powell falling to extremely low levels
A. By restricting the generation of hydropower.
B. By releasing water to Flaming Gorge Reservoir.
C. By broadening sources of income and reducing output.
D. By building additional dams to increase the storage capacity.
35. What does the passage focus on
A. The need for sustainable water management.
B. The impact of climate change on water sources.
C. The effort to address the water crisis in Lake Powell.
D. The imbalance between water demands and supplies.
★第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy（疗法） is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed（麻痹） by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve your life, you can. ___36___
Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about ___37___ Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. ___38___ Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
___39___ Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can't sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.
Perform reality testing. You don't have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to get you all worked up. ___40___ Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call you lame Are they avoiding you
A. Put them to the test instead.
B. What are your biggest fears
C. Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D. How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen
E. The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
F. Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
G. When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When it comes to my fathering lessons, few adventures compare to the motorcycle trips I've shared with my daughter, Eva.
Our first ___41___ , in August 2017, was a winding ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state. We ___42___ big highways and spent the week on ___43___ scenic back roads. At one point, I found myself ___44___ along a Catskills meadow（草地） not far from Woodstock, keeping pace with a deer and shouting, "Go Bambi, go!"
On our second day, we ___45___ in a small town for ice cream. I asked the woman at the picnic table next to us: "What's the ___46___ of this town " "Interlaken," she answered. “Where are you trying to get to ”
Me: "We don't know."
It ___47___ to me then that I'd always wanted to do this no-schedule kind of trip, when you ride just for riding. Ask any middle-aged ___48___: We've all dreamed about doing the Easy Rider（逍遥骑士） thing, throwing our wristwatches into the ditch and heading toward the horizon without a(n)___49___. Now, travelling with no plan became a ___50___ of my rides with Eva.
Since we almost ___51___ knew where we were going, we were almost never ___52___ when we arrived, pulling ___53___ the road at the end of each day with satisfaction. The reason to celebrate We ___54___! The truth is that life on a motorbike is one close call（死里逃生） after another. On the way, riders must stay ___55___ 100 percent of the time. A tiny stone can be deadly. I used to be nervous, but Eva had a different take: "To me, motorcycling is like meditation."
41. A. sail B. flight C. goal D. journey
42. A. avoided B. chose C. built D. promoted
43. A. straight B. twisty C. main D. broad
44. A. walking B. running C. riding D. laughing
45. A. settled B. stopped C. landed D. moved
46. A. population B. rule C. name D. position
47. A. occurred B. happened C. mattered D. referred
48. A. engineer B. bicyclist C. chemist D. motorcyclist
49. A. destination B. reaction C. exploration D. explanation
50. A. course B. benefit C. feature D. present
51. A. never B. always C. completely D. absolutely
52. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. surprised D. frightened
53. A. out B. in C. off D. down
54. A. grew B. failed C. waited D. survived
55. A. silent B. smooth C. careful D. energetic
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a history of more than 2,000 years, the Silk Route dates back to the Han dynasty. Through this route, the Chinese highly qualified silk made its fame to the western countries. The merchants in different regions ___56___(seek) the opportunity of trading Chinese silk where they indeed made their fortune along this route. That route functioned ___57___ the life blood of international trade at that time. Meanwhile, the Chinese civilization ___58___(introduce) to the Western countries and vice versa. The Silk Route was considered as a new chapter ___59___(record) the friendship between the European and Asian peoples.
Throughout all these years, many great figures have made significant contributions to the development of the Silk Route. Today, the Silk Route has a ___60___(poet) name called One Belt One Road, ___61___(aim) to help those connected regions in culture and economy exchange with a more advanced road. The main cities alongside it are becoming ___62___(large) and more important in helping trade and culture exchange. Many countries have gained great ___63___(benefit) along the trading process. All in all, the ancient Silk Road is more like ___64___ historical textbook for everyone to read and to know about ___65___ happened during that ancient time. It has been playing a significant role in the development of the civilizations of China.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Chris 来邮件与你分享了他参加了他们学校中文学习俱乐部开展的“中国成语（Chinese Idioms)”比赛，并获得了冠军的消息。请你给他写一封回信。
要求如下：
1.表达祝贺；
2.肯定努力；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being the youngest in my family has had its advantages, of course. But being the youngest also came with its fair share of troubles. I was often told what I couldn't do and why. I knew that my family loved me. They always tried to protect me, help me and take care of me, but I couldn't wait to show them I could do things by myself.
It was a hot day in Florida. The school year had just ended and it was time for summer vacation. We had just gotten a little black dog who we named One-Eyed.
Everybody wanted to do something for the dog: feed him, teach him tricks and take long walks with him. Everybody was so happy to have this little active, playful new addition to our family. I was so desperate to pet One-Eyed myself, too. Every time I asked my brother or my sister if I could do that, they would shout,“No!”or tell me that I had germs（细菌）. Once, they even convinced me that I had so many germs and that if I touched One-Eyed he would die! I really believed them and was scared that something terrible would happen to the dog. Once I even confessed to my mom that I touched the dog when no one noticed. At first, my mom seemed very confused about what I was telling her, but then she realized that they were playing a joke on me to keep me away from the dog. My mom scolded my brother and sister, "You better stop teasing your little brother!" Little brother! That's exactly what I was. That really got my blood boiling. The frustration built up inside me as I watched them enjoy their time with One-Eyed, excluding me from the joyous moments. I knew I was capable of taking care of myself and forming my own connection with our new furry friend. Determination filled my heart, fueling a newfound sense of independence.
I took one look at the dog and decided, I was going to prove to everyone that I could pet and play with One-Eyed.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seeing this, my brother and sister couldn't believe their eyes. _________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
长郡中学 2024 年高三寒假作业检测试卷
英语参考答案
题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案 C A A A B B B A B C C B A B A
题序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C B B C A C D D A D B B A C B
题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 D B A C C F B E C A D A B C B
题序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 C A D A C A B C D C
【语篇导读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本值得阅读的书籍。
21. C。细节理解题。根据“Pride and Prejudice”部分关键句“For a book written in the early 19th century, its modernity is surprising only until you realize that this is the novel that in many ways defined what a modern novel is.（对于一本写于 19 世纪初的书来说，它的现代性是令人惊讶的，直到你意识到这是一部在许多方面定义了现代小说的小说。）”可知，《傲慢与偏见》是一部在许多方面定义了现代小说的小说，由此可知，《傲慢与偏见》的特别之处在于它定义了现代小说。故选 C项。
22. D。推理判断题。根据“A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals”部分关键句“Highlighting the difficulty of 43endangered species from around the world, the book takes readers on a trip through freshwater, oceans, forests, mountains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats. （这本书重点介绍了来自世界各地的 43种濒危物种的困难，这本书带领读者穿越淡水、海洋、森林、山脉、沙漠、草原和湿地的同时了解稀有和知名的动物及其栖息地。）”可知，《野生濒危动物指南》重点介绍了来自世界各地的43种濒危物种的困难，可以让读者了解到稀有和知名的动物及其栖息地。故选 D项。
23. D。推理判断题。根据“Know My Name”部分关键句“Chanel Miller's breathtaking memoir is praised to be the Best Book of the Year in People magazine. In this book, she recalls all her whole life.（香奈儿·米勒的惊人的自传被《人物》杂志评为年度最佳图书。在这本书中，她回忆了自己的一生。）”可知，《知晓我姓名》是一部自传，书中介绍了作者香奈儿·米勒的一生。故选 D项。
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文，介绍了广西壮族自治区玉林高中生张逸轩对生物的研究及喜爱。
24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The 17-year-old went viral on Sina Weibo recently for his knowledge of biology…”可知，17 岁的张逸轩在网上走红，是因为他渊博的生物知识。故选 A。
25. D。细节归纳题。根据第二段中的“Zhang was always taken outdoors by his parents to explore as much as possible and observe little creatures quietly without any disruptions（打扰）. ”可知答案为 D。
26. B。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“It is the microscope his father bought him that makes the be droom look more like a mini bi ology lab than anything else.”可知答案为 B。
27. B。细节归纳题。根据全文可知张同学对生物学充满好奇且投入观察研究。故选 B。
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文章主要探讨了 ALife是否也在不断地进化的问题。
28. A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs.（尽管许多 ALifers讨厌强调他们研究的应用，但创造人工生命的尝试可能会有实际的回报。）”可知，作者认为创造人工生命的尝试是会有回报的；再结合第二段“Sofar no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's do ubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about' the point' of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says.' The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything.' Alan says. 'Some people ask me, "So what's the worth of artificial life ”Do you ever think, "What is the worth of your grandmother '"（到目前为止，还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命。这一记录使生命科学成为批评的成熟目标，比如对该领域可疑的科学价值的声明。复杂性科学家艾伦·史密斯厌倦了这样的抱怨。他说，询问ALife的‘意义’可能完全没有抓住要点。‘一个生命系统的存在与任何东西的使用无关。’艾伦说。‘有人问我，“那么人工生命的价值是什么？”你有没有想过，“你祖母的价值是什么？”’）可推知，因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才导致使生命科学成为批评（认为其没有科学价值）的成熟目标，作者认为这是不合理的，所以下文引用了艾伦·史密斯的话语对这种观点进行反驳，即关于艾伦·史密斯对ALife的辩护，作者表示支持。故选 A。
29. C。词句猜测题。根据画线词上文Artificial intelligence may be considered Alife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution（演化）.（人工智能可能被认为是 ALife 的表亲， 因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念 enamored。）可知，人工智能可能被认为是 ALife的表亲，说明人工智能和ALife二者间有共同之处，可推测是因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做“开放进化”的概念所吸引，所以才有了这种观点。故画线词意为“吸引”。故选C。
30. B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Artificial intelligence may be considered Alife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution（演化）.”可知，ALife 和 AI有一个共同的特点。故选 B。
31. D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.（它们可能普遍适用于所有进化行为。最终，ALife 可能没有什么特别的。但即使是这种否定也表明了一些事情：也许，就像整个宇宙中的生命本身一样，ALife的崛起将被证明是不可避免的。）”，并结合文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项“生命在进化。创造 ALife的尝试也能进化吗？”是最合适的标题。故选 D。
【语篇导读】鲍威尔湖水库危机。
32. B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的"the federal government announced…would no longer generate electricity"可知， 联邦政府宣布将在今年留存大量水源，以减少湖泊下降的风险，避免格伦峡谷大坝停止发电。由此可知，水位下降到一定程度将会影响格伦峡谷大坝的发电。故选B项。
33. A。段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，这是美国垦务局首次在亚利桑那州和犹他州边界上的格伦峡谷大坝行使其调整运营的权力。该计划旨在保护大坝的基础设施及其水力发电能力，并确保附近的亚利桑那州佩吉市和纳瓦霍族部分地区的持续供水。由此可知，该段主要介绍了该计划的目的。故选A项。
34. C。推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，该计划旨在降低鲍威尔湖水位降至极低水平的风险。这些措施将包括：从位于上游的火焰峡谷水库释放约50万英亩英尺的水，并通过减少今年格伦峡谷大坝的放水量，在鲍威尔湖额外留下48万英亩英尺的水。由此可推知，开源节流是阻止鲍威尔湖水位降至极低水平的办法。故选C项。
35. C。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了由于多年的严重干旱和气候变化，美国科罗拉多河上的第二大水库鲍威尔湖的水位已严重下降，政府正在采取措施解决这一问题。C项能够概括文章主要内容，故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出，认知行为疗法的主要目标之一是找到有效的方法将焦虑转化为有成效的行动。本文重点介绍了具体的策略。
36. F。根据文章第一句话"One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy（疗法） is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action."可知，认知行为疗法治疗焦虑的主要目标之一是找到有效的方法，将焦虑转化为有成效的行动。再结合下文几段的首句可知，下文主要介绍了具体的策略。F项“只要用积极的策略把焦虑转化为行动。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
37. B。根据上文“Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about ”可推测，本空应是对 worries的提问，分析各选项可知，B项“你最害怕的是什么？”符合语境，且B项中的 fears与下文的 these fears相呼应。故选 B。
38. E。根据上文“Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle.”可知，文章建议人们把针对焦虑的恢复力想象成一块肌肉。下文内容介绍了具体的做法。根据上下文语境可推知，E项“你使用肌肉的次数越多，它就变得越强壮。”承上启下，符合语境。故选 E。
39. C。本空位于段首，应概括本段的主要内容，并且结构应与其他段落首句的结构相同。根据下文“Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like…is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.”可知，本段讲的是锻炼可以缓解人们的焦虑并缓和人们的情绪。C项“通过体育活动消除焦虑。”能概括本段主要内容。故选C。
40. A。根据本段首句可知，本段内容与 reality testing有关。根据上文“You don't have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts.”及下文“Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking.”可知，空处应当是建议进行测试。A项“改为对它们进行测试。”符合语境。故选 A。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿一起骑摩托车旅行的经历。
41. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的第一次旅行是在2017 年8月，绕着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。根据后文"a winding ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state"可知，作者和女儿的第一次骑车之旅是绕着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。故选D。
42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们避开了高速公路，整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。根据前文“a winding（蜿蜒的） ride”和后文“spent the week on ___43___ scenic back roads”可知，作者和女儿避开了高速公路，而是在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上骑行。故选 A。
43. B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据前文的"a winding ride"以及后文"scenic back roads"可知，作者和女儿整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。故选 B。
44. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我发现自己骑在距离伍德斯托克不远的卡茨基尔草地上，跟一只鹿保持着同样的速度，大声喊着：“加油，小斑比，加油！”根据前文"a winding ride"可知，作者和女儿是骑行在距离伍德斯托克不远的卡茨基尔斯草地上。故选C。
45. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们在一个小镇停下来吃冰激淋。根据后文"in a small town for ice cream"可知，作者和女儿停下来吃冰激淋。故选 B。
46. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小镇叫什么名字？根据后文“Interlaken”可知，作者询问的是小镇的名字。故选 C。
47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，我一直想做这种没有日程安排的旅行，只为了骑行而骑行。根据后文“that I'd always wanted to do this no-schedule kind of trip”可知，这是作者突然想到的事即一直想要进行这种没有时间表的旅行，只是为了骑行而骑行， It occurred to sb. that…（某人突然想到……)。故选A。
48. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：询问任何一个中年摩托车手：我们都曾经梦想过像《逍遥骑士》一样，把手表扔进沟渠，朝着地平线出发，没有目的地。根据前文作者骑摩托车之旅可知，此处指询问任何一个中年摩托车手。故选 D。
49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据后文“travelling with no plan”可知，现在，和 Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了作者的骑行特色，没有计划就意味着没有目的地。故选 A。
50. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，和 Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了我的骑行特色。根据前文“travelling with no plan”可知，和Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了作者的骑行特色。故选 C。
51. A。考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于我们几乎从不知道我们要去哪里，所以当我们到达目的地时几乎从不失望，每天结束时满意地停在路边。根据前文“Now, travelling with no plan became a ___50___ of my rides with Eva.”可知，和Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了作者的骑行特色，所以作者几乎不知道自己要去哪里。故选 A。
52. B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据后文“at the end of each day with satisfaction”可知，每天结束时，作者和女儿都很满意，由此可知作者到达的时候是没有失望过的。故选 B。
53. C。考查副词词义辨析。句意同第51题。根据后文的“the road at the end of each day with satisfaction”可知，作者和女儿是骑摩托车旅行，由此可得出二人满意地停留在路边。pull off the road 为固定短语，意为“停在路边”。故选 C。
54. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们活下来了！ 根据后文“The truth is that life on a motorbike is one close call（死里逃生） after another.”可知，事实上，摩托车上的生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生，所以值得作者和女儿庆祝的是他们活了下来，克服了骑行中的各种困难。故选 D。
55. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在路上，骑手必须100%地保持谨慎。根据前文“The truth is that life on a motorbike is one close call（死里逃生） after another.”以及后文的“A tiny stone can be deadly.”可知，摩托车上的生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生，一颗小小的石头都有可能致命，所以骑手必须要百分百地保持谨慎。故选 C。
56. sought。考查动词时态。句意：不同地区的商人寻求贸易中国丝绸的机会，他们确实在这条路线上发了财。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填 sought。
57. as。考查介词。句意：那条路线是当时国际贸易的命脉。function as固定搭配，意为“起……的作用”，故填 as。
58. was introduced。考查时态与语态。句意：与此同时，中华文明被引进西方国家，反之亦然。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语 the Chinese civilization 和动词 introduce 是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动，主语是单数，故填 was introduced。
59. recording。考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路被认为是记录欧亚人民友谊的新篇章。句中有谓语，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 chapter，且和动词 record是主动关系，应用动词的-ing形式，故填recording。
60. poetic。考查形容词。句意：今天，丝绸之路有一个富有诗意的名字——一带一路，旨在帮助那些在文化和经济交流方面相连的地区走上一条更加先进的道路。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词 name，表示“诗意的”，为形容词poetic，故填 poetic。
61. aiming。考查非谓语动词。句意同上。现在分词作状语。
62. larger。考查形容词比较级。句意：在促进贸易和文化交流方面，沿路的主要城市正在变得越来越大，越来越重要。由句意和“more important”可知，此处表示“更大的”，应用形容词比较级，作表语，故填 larger。
63.benefits。考查名词。句意：许多国家在贸易过程中获益匪浅。此处应用名词benefit作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数表示泛指，故填benefits。
64.考查冠词。句意：总而言之，古代丝绸之路更像是一本历史教科书，人人都可以阅读并了解古代那个时期发生了什么。此处表示“一本历史教科书”，应用不定冠词来修饰，且historical发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
65. what。考查连词。what引导宾语从句。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I'm so delighted to learn that you have been the champion of Chinese Idioms con test in your school. This is a special and happy moment for you. I'm very proud of you. Please accept my sincerest congratulations!
But indeed no one could have been more deserving of the champion than you because I know how hard you have been learning Chinese. It is your diligence and perseverance that stand you out in the crowd. It is a real encouragement to see your efforts paid off and I do hope you can hold your passion for Chinese and further understand our splendid culture.
Wish you future success in Chinese study. I'm looking forward to meeting you in China one day.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
【参考范文】
I took one look at the dog and decided, I was going to prove to everyone that I could pet and play with One-Eyed. Determined, I approached One-Eyed slowly, extending my hand towards him. As I got closer, the dog wagged his tail and looked up at me, as if he knew I was about to do something brave. Taking a deep breath, I gently placed my hand on his furry head. The moment our skin touched, I felt an incredible rush of joy and excitement. One-Eyed didn't seem bothered at all; in fact, he seemed to enjoy the attention. It was as if a bond had instantly formed between us.
Seeing this, my brother and sister couldn't believe their eyes. Their jaws dropped in astonishment. "You did it!" my sister exclaimed, her voice filled with awe. My brother, still in disbelief, stammered, "But... but we told you all those things!" I smiled triumphantly, realizing that I had proven them wrong. "You see," I said confidently, "I am capable of doing things on my own. And just because I'm the youngest doesn't mean I can't take care of myself and be responsible." Being the youngest had its challenges, but it also shaped me into the resilient, determined person I am today. And I will forever be grateful to One-Eyed for showing me that age and size don't define one's abilities.
听力材料
Text 1
M: How are your kids doing
W: Really well, thanks! Nina is going to college in the autumn. And Eric recently took his high school exams. He has his heart set on a career in medicine. His teacher said his science marks were some of the best she'd ever seen!
Text 2
W: Do you have any experience of working in a factory
M: Yes, I worked at a factory that produced electronics for a few years. It was hard work, but I learned a lot and made some good friends.
Text 3
M: I'd better leave now. It often takes me an hour to drive home from work. Plus, I have to pick up my so n from school first!
W: Good luck. There's so much traffic in the downtown area now.
Text 4
W: I'm so excited. It's my first time travelling on a high-speed train. It's already 8 o'clock. Shouldn't it have arrived by now
M: Just be patient. It's due to arrive in 10 minutes.
W: I can't wait to see the countryside flashing past.
Text 5
W: Hey Oliver. I didn't see your car outside.
M: I've stopped driving to work. I usually take the bus now. Sometimes I walk here.
W: Lucky you. The public transport around my neighborhood is terrible, so I have no choice but to drive.
Text 6
M:Can I borrow some money The new Happy Valley game is coming out this week, and I need another $30.
W: Why You just got $100 for your birthday last month!
M: I know... but I spent most of it when I went camping with my friends. I only have $20 left.
W: Well, that's just real life. You're growing up now. You can't expect me and your father to pay for everything forever. You need to learn the value of money.
M: But, …
W: No. I'm sorry, dear. If you need more money, you'll have to get a part-time job and earn it like everybody else.
Text 7
W: Have I missed the train to Manchester
M: Let me check... Yes, I'm afraid it left fifteen minutes ago.
W: That's a problem. One way or another, I have to get there this morning. What time is the next one
M: Three o'clock this afternoon, unfortunately.
W: That's no good. I need to be there long before then.
M: I'm sorry, Miss.
W: No buses go there. I suppose I could get a taxi, but it would cost me a fortune.
M: What you should do is catch the next train to Birmingham. There's one leaving in five minutes.
W: How will that help me
M: When you get to Birmingham, you'll be in time to catch the 9:30 train to Manchester.
W: Wonderful. What a brilliant suggestion!
Text 8
W: Why are you allowed to use a laptop for writing essays while everybody else has to use pen and paper
M: It's because I have a medical condition that affects my joints, especially in my wrists and fingers.
W: Oh, really I wasn't aware of that.
M: Yes, it's quite unpleasant. Writing long texts by hand is quite painful for me.
W: How did you find out you had this condition
M: Well, I struggled a lot with my handwriting in primary school. The teacher gave me a special pencil to try, which helped a little, but not much.
W: I see.
M: Eventually, the pain became so severe that my parents took me to see a doctor. The doctor wrote a letter to the school, recommending that I be allowed to type essays and reports. Fortunately, the school agreed.
W: That's great.
M: It really helped me a lot. I used to struggle with my grades simply because the pain was so intense that I couldn't finish my homework and tests. Now, I'm doing really well.
Text 9
W: Hi, I'm interested in applying for a loan.
M: Absolutely. We offer a variety of loan options. Have you already had an account with our bank If not, I can have one of our front desk staff set one up for you.
W: Oh, yes. I already have an account. My friend James mentioned that you are the manager here. He said you could help me with a home loan.
M:Yes, James is a good friend of mine as well! Many people trust our bank when it comes to buying homes. Will this be your new home or a real estate investment
W: A home for my family.
M: Awesome. Well, our interest rates depend on the amount you borrow and your credit history.
W: Of course. How much can I borrow
M: Typically, the loans range from $100,000 to $1,000,000. Would you mind if I perform a credit check for you
W: Please go ahead.
M: Great. I'll just need one day to gather the necessary information regarding your credit history. However, since today is Friday and our bank is closed on weekends, we can meet each other again next Monday.
W: Perfect!
Text 10
M: IF is an eating pattern which involves switching between periods of eating and not eating. It has become a popular trend in recent years as it's an easy way not only to lose or maintain weight but to improve health in general. Studies suggest IF can improve heart health, control blood sugar and perhaps even reduce the rate of brain aging. There are various methods to practice IF. One common approach is the 5: 2 method. It means people eat normally five days a week, and take within 500 calories on the other two days. Another popular method is the 16/8 method. It means don't eat anything for 16 hours in every 24 hours, which includes sleep time. And only eat within an eight-hour "window". During the 16 hours, you can consume calorie-free drinks including water, coffee and tea—no milk. Early problems can involve hunger and mood changes, but most people find their bodies soon adjust to their new eating pattern and find it easier to keep up with than other diet plans. This is usually because of IF's simplicity. It doesn't require complicated calorie counting or avoiding certain types of food. Most doctors believe IF is safe for most healthy adults if it is done sensibly. However, it is not appropriate for everyone, and should be avoided by expecting mothers, individuals with certain medical conditions, and those who are very underweight.

展开更多......

收起↑