资源简介

中考英语热点时文阅读
专题04“一带一路”
姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________
文章导读
阅读理解A篇：亚运闭幕，赛短情长。
B篇：诺贝尔化学奖：为世界添彩的量子点。
C篇：“一带一路”10周年，各国领导人齐聚北京。“一带一路”持续为世界提供新机遇。
D篇：敦煌的女儿——樊锦诗获联合国教科文组织杰出贡献奖。
E篇：深入开展语言资源的保护——我国建成世界最大语言资源库。
阅读回答问题：普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观列入《世界遗产名录》。
语法填空：宋·朱熹的诗歌欣赏——观书有感。
A 阅读理解
The 19th Asian Games closed on Oct 8． Over the 16-day Games, around 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and regions shared unforgettable times in Hangzhou．
It marks the third time that China has hosted an Asian event, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010．
The Hangzhou Asian Games had 40 sports, 61 disciplines (分项), and 481 events． At the top of the medal tally , China got 201 golds, 111 silvers and 71 bronzes． According to the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), over 60 percent of the teams at the Games won gold medals, while 85 percent reached the podium (领奖台)．
In the closing ceremony , the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium turned into a great garden with AR visual effects (增强现实视觉效果)． The digital torchbearer (数字火炬手), last seen in the opening ceremony where it lit the cauldron (主火炬), also returned to say goodbye．
“We have achieved the most successful Asian Games in history,” said Chen Weiqiang, executive secretary general of the organizing committee．
Chen said that the Hangzhou Asian Games integrated Hangzhou’s rich historical heritage, surging innovation and vitality, creating a unique Asian Games brand． “It can be said that the Hangzhou Asian Games were an important opportunity for the city to ‘take off’,” Chen said． “And the existing venues (场馆) will host other large-scale international tournaments, as well as the Olympics．”
Wei Jizhong, honorary life vice-president of the OCA, said: “The success of the Asian Games has provided the council with an opportunity to establish basic criteria for future Asian Games．
“In addition, due to venue restrictions, some spectators (观众) have cheered on the athletes on the large screen outside the venue． I have taken part in many Olympic and Asian Games, but the audience at the Hangzhou Asian Games impressed me the most．”
1．How many countries and regions participated in the Hangzhou Asian Games
A． 40B． 45C． 60D． 85
2．Why did the audience at the Hangzhou Asian Games impress Wei Jizhong exceptionally
A． They were the loudest supporters
B． They participated in the games themselves
C． They won the most medals
D． They followed the games on the large screen outside the venue due to venue restrictions
3．Whichof the following statements is right
A．China has hosted the Asian Games three times before．
B．China has got 383 medals in the Hangzhou Asian Games．
C．The digital torchbearer lit the cauldron (主火炬), also returned to put out the cauldron．
D．85 percent the teams at the Games have gotgold medals．
4．What can be inferred from the article about the Hangzhou Asian Games
A． China has hosted the Asian Games twice before．
B． Over 60 percent of the teams won gold medals．
C． The Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium was transformed into a garden with AR visual effects．
D． The Hangzhou Asian Games will have animportant impact on the city’s future sports events．
5．What’s the main idea of this article
A． China successfully hosted the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou．
B． The Hangzhou Asian Games achieved unprecedented success．
C． The Hangzhou Asian Games created a unique brand for the city．
D． The Hangzhou Asian Games will have a lasting impact on future sports events．
B阅读理解
“Roses are red． Violets are blue．” As an English poem tells us, most things we see in the world have a certain color． However, if a red rose shrinks (缩小) to the world of nanometers (纳米), chances are you might see it in orange, yellow, or blue, depending on its size． This incredible phenomenon is due to the quantum effect (量子效应)．
An element’s properties (性质) are largely determined by how many electrons it has, noted the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences． However, when matter shrinks to nanometers, its properties are determined by its size． Based on this effect, Alexei Ekimov from Russia and Louis Brus and Moungi Bawendi from the US received the Nobel Prize in chemistry this year for the discovery and development of quantum dots (量子点), semiconducting nanoparticles (半导体纳米粒子) that are usually 2 to 10 nanometers in size．
“Quantum dots have many fascinating and unusual properties． Importantly, they have different colors depending on their size,” said Johan Aqvist, Chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry．
Quantum dots absorb light and then release it at another wavelength (波长)． The smaller the dot is, the shorter the wavelength is, resulting in a bluer light． Likewise, the larger it is, the redder the light will be．
The research by the three scientists opened up a whole new world for chemistry． The light from quantum dots is pure and bright, providing more convenience and enjoyment in many aspects of our lives．
In hospitals, quantum dots are applied to bioimaging (生物成像) and traceable (可追踪的) drug delivery． They can guide doctors when they remove tumors (肿瘤)． The dots are much brighter than traditional organic dyes (染料)． In our homes, we enjoy pure and dynamic light from TV and computer displays using QLED technology (Q stands for quantum dots)． In labs, chemists make use of light from quantum dots to catalyze (催化) chemical reactions．
Looking ahead, scientists believe that quantum dots could help in the making of tiny sensors and thinner solar cells, as well as in encrypted (加密的) quantum communication． Quantum dots have been benefiting humankind in many ways． However, our exploration of them is still at an early stage．
1． What determines the color of quantum dots
A． The material they are made of．B． The amount of light they absorb．
C． Their sizes．D． The wavelength they emit．
2．Quantum dots absorb light and releaseit at a different wavelength． Which accurately explains the relationship between quantum dot size and color
A． Smaller dots appear bluerB． Smaller dots appear redder
C． Larger dots appear bluerD． Larger dots appear redder
3．In what aspects are quantum dots being used in hospitals
a． Biological imagingb．Write a prescription(开处方)
c． Tumor removald． Dye usagee． Drug delivery
A．a, b, c B． b, c． e C． a． c, e D． a． d．e
4．According to the article, which of the following statements is correct
A． Three scientists received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their discovery of quantum effects．
B． The applications of quantum dots are achieving great success．
C． Research on quantum dots is still in the early stage．
D． The smaller the quantum dot, the longer the wavelength it releases．
5．What’s the main idea of this article
A． Introduction to three scientists who have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry．
B． The importance of quantum effect in determining an element’s properties．
C． Explored the potential application fields of future quantum dots．
D． The discovery and development of quantum dots and their applications in different fields．
C阅读理解
In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed (提议) the initiatives (倡议) of jointly building a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which became known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, “一带一路”倡议)． Since then the BRI has gone through a long journey of growth． This year marks its 10th anniversary (周年纪念) of the BRI．
As the BRI continues to bring the world together, young people from the Belt and Road countries see how it continues to develop and have a deeper understanding of it．
Lashyn Zeiin, a Kazakh (哈萨克的) student at Nazarbayev University, said that in 2013 she visited China． “To me, it was an amazing new world with beautiful landscapes and dynamic (多元的) cultures,” she said． She then decided to continue learning Chinese．
Thandi Mtsetwene, 22, from South Africa, said that now South African people are arguing how the country’s future will benefit from economic interdependence (经济上的相互依赖) brought by the BRI． “I am in support of a win-win relationship brought by the BRI, which also widens and deepens the connections all over the world,” she added．
In fact, the BRI has brought about great changes to the Belt and Road countries．
Temelidi Yulia from Russia said that the BRI has encouraged cultural exchanges between her country and the rest of the world． For example, “China and Russia both invite guests from each other to perform (展示) their own culture． In this way, people in these two countries can understand each other’s culture,” said Yulia．
Kairat Bekmurzayev from Kazakhstan grew up in a small town that is 35 km away from the border (边境) with China． When he was little, Bekmurzayev always waited for his father who worked in China to bring candies and new toys．
But now, he can enjoy the childhood joy all the time． He said that thanks to the BRI, an international center for cross-border cooperation (合作) was set up． “The center helped many people to improve their wayof life． They madenew houses, schools and also built roads, “ said Bekmurzayev．
1． What made Lashyn Zeiin continue learning Chinese
A． The BRI’s influence on her home country．B． An amazing trip to China in 2013．
C． Her interest in Asian culture．D． Her Chinese teacher’s encouragement．
2． What does Yulia think of the BRI
A． It increases business cooperation among countries．
B． It improves cultural exchanges between countries．
C． It has changed the Russian economic system．
D． It improves the Russian people’s way of life．
3． How did the BRI change Bekmurzayev’s life
A． It made his living conditions better．
B． It made his city the richest in his country．
C． He could freely travel across the border．
D． He could find a better job in China．
4．According to Thandi Mtsetwene, what benefit does South Africa expect from the BRI
A． Enhanced security cooperation with China．
B． Increased foreign aid from China．
C． Improved healthcare system funded by China．
D． Economic interdependence and global connections．
5．What is the main idea of this article
A． The article chiefly discusses how the BRI impacts the economy．
B． The article mainly explores the rise of China’s power．
C． The article primarily reveals how the BRI promotes cultural exchanges and improves the quality of life．
D． The article mainly describes the development of multiculturalism．
D阅读理解
On Sept 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang．
Called the “daughter of Dunhuang”, her story with the caves started 60 years ago． In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time．
“Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking． But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine (神圣的) beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth,” Fan told Gansu Daily．
Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world． Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water． They stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do whatever they could to protect and restore them．
In 2011, after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves compiled (编写) by Fan’s team was finally published． It was known as China’s first professional report on cave archaeology．
As time passed, Fan found a serious problem． The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade． A solution needed to be found to preserve (保护) Dunhuang’s heritage．
In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance． She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever． After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics (文物) there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world．
“In my whole life, I’ve only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves,” she told People’s Daily． “My heart belongs to Dunhuang．”
1． What can we learn about Fan from the article
A． She began her work at the Mogao Caves at 23．
B． She is a woman of great determination．
C． Her health was affected by her hard work．
D． She studied archaeology at Nanjing University．
2． What was Fan’s first impression of Dunhuang
A． The environment was terrible．
B． It was an amazing place．
C． The working conditions were better than expected．
D． She felt a deep connection to the caves．
3． What pushed Fan to establish a digital database for the Mogao Caves
A． Her desire to promote Chinese culture．
B． Her interest in computer technology．
C． The need to document the restoration work．
D． The increasing threat to the physical caves．
4． What does Fan think of her work in Dunhuang
A． It has been her lifelong calling．
B． It has won her recognition．
C． It has inspired many young people．
D． It has promoted cultural exchange．
E阅读理解
Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing． To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago．
This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places． Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone． It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world． There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5．6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos．
Why is it important to protect the dialect culture According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures． Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases of an area, he said．
Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns (担忧) of the disappearing of dialects． “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect． Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well． If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said．
So how did China make this big library A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project． Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers．
The project is now entering into its second part． This includes creating digitaltools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects．
1．What is the purpose of the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project
A．To promote Mandarin as the primary language in China．
B． To preserve and protect local dialects that are at risk of disappearing．
C． To create a digital library for Chinese literature．
D． To encourage language diversity in China．
2． How many dialects are included in the language resource library
A． 1,103 B． 103 C． 1,712 D． 5．6 million
3． According to Harold Palmer, why is it important to protect dialects
A． Dialects are an important part of cultural heritage．
B． Dialects help improve communication between different regions．
C． Dialects are easier to learn than Mandarin．
D． Dialects are only spoken by older generations．
4． How did China create the language resource library
A． By inviting foreign linguists to study local dialects．
B． By establishing a national language academy．
C． By collaborating with universities, research groups, experts, and dialect speakers．
D． By collecting ancient language manuscripts．
F阅读回答问题
On Sept 17, the Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观), Yunnan, was added to the list of World Heritage sites of UNESCO． It’s China’s 57th site and the world’s first World Heritage site for tea culture．
According to China Daily, the newly named heritage site has five large and well-looked-after old tea forests, three protective barrier forests (分隔防护林) and nine ancient villages in the old tea forests．
The cultural landscape was created by both the ancestors of the Blang people and the local Dai people． The Blang people moved to Jingmai Mountain around the 10th century and later discovered and grew tea trees there．
With long-time practices, local people developed the understory growing technique (“林下茶”种植技术)． That means different trees are grown on different lands according to their habits． At the same time, they also help each other． For example, smaller trees grow under larger trees to avoid too much sunshine and get suitable moisture (适宜的湿度)．
To keep their tea leaves healthy, the locals refuse to use pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemical fertilizers (化学肥料)．
“Birds eat insects to protect the tea and fallen leaves from taller trees provide fertilizer,” Nan Kang, a 61-year-old Blang man, told China Daily．
As the Global Times noted, the cultural landscape shows “harmony (和谐) between man and nature”．
Answer the questions:
1． What’s the name of the newly named heritage site
2． What is the heritage site made up of (in 15 words)
3． Who created the site
4． What does the understory growing technique mean
5． What idea does the heritage site show
语法填空
观书有感
(宋·朱熹)
半亩方塘一鉴开，
天光云影共徘徊。
问渠那得清如许？
为有源头活水来。
The Book
(By Zhu Xi)
There lies a glassy oblong pool,
Where light and shade pursue their course．
How can it be so clear and cool
For water comes fresh from the source．
(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)
Reading can be helpful in different ways． Song Dynasty poet Zhu Xi (1130-1200) uses the metaphor (比喻) of flowing water (流水) in the poem The Book． He wants _____1____(tell) readers that reading is important, in order to improve oneself． Only by____2_____(read), can people take in new knowledge in order to make progress． So he hopes people could get past being lazy while reading in order to make their minds as_____3____(clear) as a pool of water．
The poem begins with a picture of ______4____ square pond, half an acre in size． The poet goes into descriptive detail about how the pond reflects the sky and the clouds, creating a ____5_____(peace) and quiet environment． The tranquil pool of water serves as a mirror, reflecting the world around it．
The question comes up, “how can it be so pure and clear ” The answer hidden in this poem ___6______(lie) in the last line． The pond’s clarity（清澈） and freshness are due to the source of live water（活水）_____7____runs into it．
The “live water” and the pool is a smart metaphorwhich_____8____ ( used) by Zhu Xi to explain the _____9________(important) of original and authentic knowledge for clarity of mind． The pool symbolizes the mind of a reader, while the live water represents the continual influx （涌入）of knowledge．
The poem concludes with the message that as long as one continuously seeks out（寻求） fresh and original knowledge, ____10______(they)mind, like the pond, can remain clear and untainted．That’sthe poet's attitude towards life and learning． Learning is about constantly absorbing new things to maintain their progress and vitality（活力）．
That’s the wisdom Zhu Xi shares with us in “Book”
参考答案
A 阅读理解
【答案】BDBDA
【解析】杭州亚洲运动会是一次非常成功的运动会，中国以其丰富的历史文化、创新和活力成功地举办了这次盛会。杭州亚洲运动会吸引了来自45个国家和地区的约12,000名运动员参赛，中国队在奖牌榜上以201枚金牌排名第一。闭幕式上，杭州奥体中心体育场变成了一个充满增强现实视觉效果的大花园。据组织委员会的执行秘书长陈伟强表示，杭州亚洲运动会是历史上最成功的一届亚洲运动会，将为杭州未来的体育发展奠定基础。
1．细节理解题。文章陈述。The article states that around 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and regions participated in the Games．故答案选B
2．细节理解题。这段文字表明，由于场地限制，一些观众在场外的大屏幕上为运动员加油，给魏纪忠留下了深刻印象。故答案选D
3．细节理解题。从文章信息中可知中国获得奖牌是383块。201 golds, 111 silvers and 71 bronzes。故答案选B
4．推理判断题。文章中提到，组委会执行秘书长陈伟强表示，杭州亚运会是杭州“腾飞”的重要机遇，现有场馆将举办其他大型国际赛事和奥运会。这意味着杭州亚运会将对该市未来的体育赛事产生重大影响。其他选择要么直接陈述，要么可以从文章中的信息中可知。故答案D
5．本文的主旨是强调中国成功举办了第19届亚运会。文章开头提到了亚运会结束的日期和参与者的数量，然后列举了中国第三次承办亚洲体育赛事，并介绍了亚运会的体育项目和奖牌情况。最后，文章引用了组织委员会的秘书长和亚洲奥委会的荣誉副主席对亚运会成功的评价。因此，选项A正确，是文章的主旨。其他选项B、C、D虽然都提到了一些相关信息，但不是文章的主旨。
B阅读理解
【答案】CACCD
【解析】文章的主旨大意是关于量子点的发现和开发以及它们在不同领域的应用。三位科学家的研究为化学领域打开了全新的世界，量子点在医院、家庭和实验室等方面有着广泛的应用，如生物成像、追踪药物释放、电视和计算机显示屏等。科学家们相信，量子点还有很大的潜力，在制造微型传感器、更薄的太阳能电池以及加密的量子通信方面发挥作用。尽管我们对量子点的认识仍处于早期阶段，但它们已经在许多方面造福了人类。
1．C根据第一段的However, if a red rose shrinks (缩小) to the world of nanometers (纳米), chances are you might see it in orange, yellow, or blue, depending on its size．最后一句话，当物质被缩小到纳米级时，其颜色取决于其大小。故答案选C
2．细节理解题A．根据第四段，较小的点波长较短，看起来更蓝，而较大的点看起来更红。答案选A
3．细节理解题。a、c、e。根据文章第六段，量子点在医院中应用于生物成像和可追踪的药物递送，可以在医生切除肿瘤时起到引导作用。故答案选C
4．推理判断题。A陈述错误3位科学家获得化学诺贝尔奖不是因为发现量子反应，而是因为量子点的发现。故A错误。从最后一段陈述中量子点处于早期阶段。故C叙述正确B不正确。D文章中提到，“Quantum dots absorb light and then release it at another wavelength (波长)。The smaller the dot is, the shorter the wavelength is”，说明量子点越小，波长越短，而不是越长。故答案错误。答案选C
5．主旨大意题。本文章主旨大意是关于量子点的发现和开发以及它们在不同领域的应用。答案选D
C阅读理解
【答案】BBADC
【解析】这篇文章是关于一带一路倡议在十周年之际发展的描述。通过受影响国家的年轻人的视角，介绍了一带一路带来的文化交流和经济依赖性，以及如何改善他们的生活和社区。
1．B细节理解题。根据文章中的描述，LashynZeiin表示自己在2013年访问了中国，并对中国的美丽风景和多元文化产生了深刻的印象。因此，她决定继续学习中文。
2．B．文章提到Yulia表示“一带一路”鼓励了她的国家与世界其他国家之间的文化交流。例如，中俄两国相互邀请对方进行文化展示，这样可以增进两国人民对彼此文化的了解。
3．A．根据文章中的描述，“一带一路”在他的家乡附近设立了一个国际跨境合作中心，帮助他的家乡改善了生活条件，包括修建新房子、学校和道路等设施。因此，“一带一路”使他的生活条件变得更好。
4． D．根据题干中提到的信息，Thandi Mtsetwene表示南非期望通过一带一路倡议实现经济互相依赖和全球联系。因此，答案是D。
5．C．该文章通过引用不同国家的例子揭示了“一带一路”提议是如何它带动了文化交流并改善了沿线国家的生活质量。俄罗斯的TemelidiYulia提到了“一带一路”如何刺激了她的国家与全球其他地区的文化交流。而哈萨克斯坦的KairatBekmurzayev则详述了该提议如何通过设立跨境合作中心，改善了人们的生活方式，包括建造新的房屋、学校并修建道路。虽然在文章中谈到了经济互依，但主要重点还是在探讨文化交流和生活质量的改善。
D阅读理解
【答案】BBDA
【解析】这篇文章讲述了85岁的著名中国考古学家樊锦诗因对敦煌莫高窟的保护做出的贡献而被联合国教科文组织授予的奖项。范进士被称为“敦煌的女儿”，
1．B．从文章可以看出，樊锦诗在艰苦困苦的条件下，坚持40多年为莫高窟保护与研究贡献自己的力量。这显示了她坚定的决心和毅力。
2．B．文章中提到，樊锦诗第一次见到敦煌时，被其美丽吸引。她说在洞窟里是“神圣的美丽世界”，而洞窟外是“沙风黄土”的世界。所以她对敦煌的第一印象是非常棒的。
3．D．文章中提到，樊锦诗发现越来越多的游客可能会损害洞窟，导致洞窟内的壁画褪色。为了解决这个问题，她决定建立一个数字数据库来保护文物和洞窟的遗产。所以建立数字数据库是为了应对洞窟物理威胁的增加。
4．A．文章末尾樊锦诗告诉《人民日报》：“我一生只做了一件事，那就是保护和传承莫高窟的世界文化遗产。”这表明她将莫高窟的保护视为自己的终身事业。
E阅读理解
【答案】BBAC
【解析】1．B根据文章，“中国语言资源保护工程”的目的是为了拯救濒临消失的地方方言，因此选项B 是正确答案。
2．B根据文章，语言资源库中涵盖了103种濒危的方言，因此选项B是正确答案。
3．A根据文章，根据英国语言学家哈罗德·帕尔默的观点，保护方言很重要，因为方言是存储本地文化的重要组成部分，因此选项A是正确答案。
4． C 根据文章，中国在创建语言资源库的过程中与超过350所大学和研究机构、超过4,500名专家和6,000多名方言使用者合作，因此选项A 是正确答案。
F阅读回答问题
1．【答案】The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er．
2．【答案】It has five old tea forests, three protective barrier forests and nine ancient villages．
3．【答案】It was created by the ancient Blang people and Dai people．
4．【答案】It means different trees are grown on different lands according to their habits．
5．【答案】It shows harmony between man and nature．
语法填空
【答案】1．to tell 2． reading 3． clear 4． a 5． peaceful 6． lies 7． that (which) 8．is used 9． importance 10．their

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