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2024届高二下学期开学摸底考(译林版2020)
英 语
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman offer to do for the man
A. Introduce a branch store. B. Provide a credit note. C. Return the money.
【答案】B
【原文】M: If you can’t give me my money back, what can I do
W: If there’s nothing else you want, I could give you a credit note. You can use it in any branch of this store to the value of the item you have returned.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a school. B. In a shop. C. In a car museum.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Good afternoon, madam. What can I do for you
W: Well, my son is graduating from college next month and I’m getting him a car.
M: No problem. This way, please.
3. How much should the girl pay
A. 2.50. B. 4.00 C. 5.00.
【答案】A
【原文】W: How much is a ticket to the juggling show
M: They’re usually five pounds, but you’re a student so you can get a ticket at half of the usual price.
W: Oh, good! I was a little worried just now because I’ve only got four pounds.
4. Which colour of a carpet does the man like best
A. Blue. B. Red. C. Grey.
【答案】B
【原文】W: This grey carpet is exactly what we’re looking for.
M: But I like the red one best. It would look better than the grey one in the bedroom. The light blue one is OK too.
5. Who is the woman probably
A. A customer. B. An eye specialist. C. An online shop owner.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I really like this pair but I can get them cheaper from an online shop, or even a supermarket.
W: Yes, but we’re professional. It’s best to get your glasses here, where your eyes were tested.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What season is it most likely to be
A. Spring. B. Winter. C. Autumn.
7. What gift will Linda get from the man
A. A coat. B. A dictionary. C. A mobile phone.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【原文】W: It’s my birthday tomorrow. So what would you give me for it, Daddy
M: How about a new dictionary, Linda
W: No, I bought one last month. I think this dictionary is enough for my study.
M: Then, a new coat You know, winter is coming. You will need a new coat for this winter.
W: No, I don’t want it. I’d like you to buy me a mobile phone.
M: A mobile phone Do you really need one
W: Yes, very much. Many of my classmates have already got one. I can get in touch with them easily if I have one.
M: Sounds reasonable. All right. I will buy one for you.
W: Hurray! Let’s go to the phone shop this afternoon.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。
8. What did the speakers buy for Uncle Ernie last year
A. A gardening book. B. A gardening tool. C. A flower show ticket.
9. What will Gary get
A. A live concert ticket. B. A delicious dinner. C. A set of clothes.
10. Where are the speakers probably
A. At home. B. At a garden. C. At a bookstore.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A
【原文】W: Okay, Phil. Look at this website. It is great. What about your Uncle Ernie What can we get him I never know!
M: Well, he’s so difficult to buy for. He doesn’t really like anything!
W: I know. Well, what about a gardening book He loves gardening, doesn’t he Look, here are some nice gardening books on the website.
M: Mmm. But we got him a gardening tool last year.
W: Yes. Aha, how about this Tickets to the flower show.
M: That’s fun. Good, who else
W: Your brother Gary.
M: Yeah, he’s difficult, too. I always get him something boring, like clothes, because I don’t know what to get.
W: Well, what about this A live concert ticket
M: Ooh, that sounds good. Mmm. Maybe I could go with him.
W: Yeah, why not
M: OK, now let’s have our dinner. I’m really a little hungry.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12、13题。
11. What does the man dislike about the sofa at the beginning
A. The size. B. The color. C. The style.
12. What does the man say about the old sofa
A. It is heavy. B. It is small. C. It is comfortable.
13. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Look at other sofas. B. Go to another store. C. Wait for a sale.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【原文】W: Look at this sofa. What do you think
M: Oh, I’m not sure I like the style. It’s heavy-looking.
W: Is it comfortable Try it.
M: Mm. It’s really comfortable. And I’d like to have something this size. Our old sofa is way too small. This size is perfect.
W: What do you think of the color
M: Well, green isn’t my favorite color, but it’s better than that awful brown one we have now. It’s okay, I guess.
W: How much is it
M: Oh, no! It’s $999! That’s too expensive. We can’t afford it right now.
W: I know. Why don’t we wait till next month for their mid-year sale It might be cheaper then.
M: Sounds great.
听第9段材料，回答第14、15、16、17题。
14. What does the man think of online shopping
A. It is quite convenient.
B. Returning goods is difficult.
C. The delivery is a bit too slow.
15. What does the man say about Trade Me
A. It offers some rare records.
B. He often buys books and CDs on it.
C. He can buy things from other users on it.
16. What did the man buy for his mother as a Christmas present
A. A golf bag. B. A coat. C. A sofa.
17. What is the man concerned about in the end
A. How the sofa will be delivered.
B. When the sofa will arrive.
C. How much the delivery will cost.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A
【原文】W: Charlie, do you like to do shopping online
M: Yes. I tend to do more of my shopping online, including my food shopping, because it saves time and money. I’ve never really had a problem with it. Even when I want to return something, it’s always really good.
W: There are a lot of Internet shopping sites. What kind of site do you use the most
M: Well, it’s hard to say. I’ve bought books and DVDs and things like that from Amazon. I just order them online, and some certain people send them to my door. I use Trade Me quite a lot too, where people can buy things, used or new, from other users.
W: Have you bought anything online recently
M: Yes. This month, I bought all of my family’s Christmas presents online. I bought my mother a coat, and my father a golf bag. My sister needs a sofa and I just ordered it online.
W: Really I’ve never bought anything that large. I don’t think it is an easy job to deliver a sofa. Has it arrived yet
M: No, but I’m looking forward to seeing how they will deliver it.
听第10段材料，回答第18、19、20题。
18. What does the speaker usually buy for his friends
A. Something he likes.
B. Something suitable for his friends.
C. Something valuable.
19. Why does the man dislike giving gifts
A. It costs much time.
B. The gifts are expensive.
C. He doesn’t know what others like.
20. What would the man want as a birthday gift
A. A cake. B. A pair of earrings. C. A card.
【答案】18. A 19. C 20. C
【原文】 The holiday season is coming up and many cultures give gifts for different holidays. I’m not really good at choosing gifts for people, though. Because every time I go and buy something for someone, I want to buy something that I like and I would think that it would look good on them or something. But then my friends don’t really like the gift so much because it doesn’t suit them. For example, I bought a pair of earrings for a friend and then I realized that she doesn’t really like jewelries, so she never wore it. It’s kind of hard to know what they want. Actually, for that reason, I don’t like giving gifts at all. I think it’s because of my background, like studying economics. It’s just, to me, inefficient. You’ re buying something, you don’t know if they really want it and they say, “Oh. It’s the thought that counts.” You waste time finding the gift and then you give them the gift and maybe they don’t use it. So I’m not a big fan of gift giving. Even for birthdays. And for me, if it were my birthday, I would have someone make a card for me. It would have more value than someone buying gifts for me anyway.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
齐鲁名校大联考2023届山东省高三第二次学业质量联合检测
The 2023 Audubon Photography Awards Opens for Entries
The 2023 Audubon Photography Awards officially opens for entries from January 12, 2023 until March 9, 2023 at 12:00 pm. Judges will award eight prizes to photographers and videographers. Prizes include:
·Grand Prize: $5 000
·Professional Prize: $ 2, 500
·Amateur Prize: $ 2, 500
·Plants for Birds Prize: $2, 500
·Video Prize: $ 2, 500
·Female Bird Prize: $1, 000
·Fisher Prize: $1, 000
·Youth Prize: Six days at Audubon’ s Hog Island Audubon Camp for teens
For the second year, Audubon will award the Female Bird Prize and the Video Prize. The Female Bird Prize continues to display the beauty of female birds, which are often under- appreciated and under-researched in both birding and science. The Video Prize once again will be awarded to the top video of birds demonstrating unique behaviors or highlighting bird life in its habitat.
Winning photos and videos will be featured in a future issue of Audubon magazine. The contest is open to all legal residents of the US, who are 13 years of age or older. Photos that do not follow Audubon’ s Guide to Ethical Bird Photography and Videography will be disqualified. Entry fees are $ 15 per image or video. No payment is required lor entrants who are 13 to 17 years of age.
21. What will the teen winner get
A. An overseas tour.
B A chance to camp.
C. An issue of the magazine.
D. A prize money of $2. 500.
22. What can we know about the Female Bird Prize
A. It was first established in 2021.
B. It is awarded to the top video of birds.
C. It helps boost the female bird research.
D. It is intended for female photographers.
23. Which of the following can meet the contest’s requirement
A. Sending the entry to a non-official website.
B. Submitting an entry themed the landscape.
C. Posting the entry by the end of March.
D. Paying entry fees if entrants are over 18.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年奥杜邦摄影奖征集作品的公告信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“·Youth Prize: Six days at Audubon’ s Hog Island Audubon Camp for teens(·青年奖：在奥杜邦的猪岛奥杜邦青少年营参加六天活动)”可知，获奖的青少年能够获得一次露营的机会。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Female Bird Prize continues to display the beauty of female birds. which are often under-appreciated and under-researched in both birding and science.(The Female Bird Prize继续展示雌鸟的美丽。这在观鸟和科学中都经常被低估和研究不足)”可知，The Female Bird Prize的设立可以帮助人们关注对雌鸟的研究，帮助人们进行全方位的鸟类研究。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“No payment is required for entrants who are 13 to 17 years of age.( 13至17岁的参赛者无需支付任何费用)”可知，18岁以上的参赛者必须要交费。故选D。
B
(河北省部分高中2023-2024学年高三上学期12月期末)On the day he almost died, Kimbal Musk had food on the brain. The Internet startup talent and restaurateur had just arrived in Jackson Hole from a conference where chef Jamie Oliver had spoken about the benefits of healthy eating. This was something Musk thought about a lot- how he might make a difference to the food industry—but beyond expanding his farm-to-table movement along with his restaurant, Musk hadn’t yet broken the code. Then he went sailing down a snowy slope (坡) and fell over, breaking his neck. The left side of his body was paralyzed.
Musk eventually made a full recovery, but it involved spending two months on his back, which gave him plenty of time to come up with a plan. Since then, he has launched an initiative to put “learning gardens” in public schools across America; attracted Generation Z to the farming profession by changing shipping containers into high-tech, data-driven, year-round farms; and this year, is kicking off a new campaign to create one million at-home gardens.
Aimed at reaching low- income families, the Million Gardens Movement was inspired by the pandemic, as both a desire to feel more connected to nature and food insecurity have been at the forefront of so many people’s lives. “We were getting a lot of inquiries about gardening from people that had never gardened before,” says Musk. “People were looking to garden for a bunch of reasons: to supplement their budget, to improve the nutritional quality of their diets, or just to cure the boredom that came with the lockdown.”
The program offers free garden kits that can be grown indoors or outdoors, and will be distributed through schools that Musk's non-profit, Big Green, has already partnered with. It also offers free courses on how to get the garden growing and fresh seeds and materials for the changing growing seasons. “I grew up in the projects when I was young, in what we now call food deserts,” says EVE, one of the many celebrities who have teamed up with the organization to encourage people to pick up a free garden. “What I love about this is that it's not difficult. We are all able to grow something.”
24. What inspired Musk to be devoted to food industry
A. An accident. B. Jamie Oliver’s speech.
C. The pandemic. D. The farm-to-table movement.
25. What can we learn about the Million Gardens Movement
A. It has mainly attracted young generations. B. It has just accomplished its target.
C. It may be stimulated by a lack of food security. D. It increases economic burdens for the poor.
26. Which of the following best describes Musk
A. Charitable. B. Honest. C. Flexible. D. Strict.
27. Why is EVE taken as an example
A. To demonstrate the program to be non-profit. B. To share his experience in a food desert.
C. To encourage people to start a free garden. D. To clarify the reason why he loves a garden.
【答案】24 B 25. C 26. A 27. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Musk在受Jamie Oliver演讲的启发后，创立百万个家庭花园，鼓励和教授人们自己种植自己的食物，来让自己吃的食物更健康。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Internet startup talent and restaurateur had just arrived in Jackson Hole from a conference where chef Jamie Oliver had spoken about the benefits of healthy eating. This made Musk think a lot—how he might make a difference to the food industry(这位互联网创业天才和餐馆老板刚刚参加完Jackson Hole的一个会议抵达Jackson Hole，会上主厨Jamie Oliver谈到了健康饮食的好处。这让马斯克思考了很多——他如何能对食品行业作出改变)”可知，Musk在参加完Jamie Oliver的演讲之后开始考虑对食品行业作出改变，即受到了这个演讲的启发。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Aimed at reaching low- income families, the Million Gardens Movement was inspired by the pandemic, as both a desire to feel more connected to nature and food insecurity have been at the forefront of so many people’s lives. (百万花园运动旨在帮助低收入家庭，受到疫情的启发，因为许多人生活的首要问题是希望更多地与自然联系，以及粮食不安全)”可知，Million Gardens Movement可能是由于缺乏粮食安全而引起的。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Aimed at reaching low-income families(旨在惠及低收入家庭)”可知Musk创立百万花园运动主要针对低收入家庭；由文章最后一段的“The program offers free garden kits that can be grown indoors or outdoors(该计划提供可以在室内或室外种植的免费花园套件)”可知他免费给人们提供种植套件；“It also offers free courses(它还提供免费课程)”可知Musk的计划还给人提供免费课程；综上所述，可推知Musk是富有慈善意识的。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ “I grew up in the projects when I was young, in what we now call food deserts,” says EVE, one of the many celebrities who have teamed up with the organization to encourage people to pick up a free garden. “What I love about this is that it's not difficult. We are all able to grow something.”(“我小时候在这些项目中长大，我们现在称之为食物沙漠，”伊芙说，她是许多名人之一，与该组织合作，鼓励人们挑选一个免费的花园。“我喜欢这个的原因是它并不难。我们都能种点东西。”)”推知，最后一段用EVE的例子是为了鼓励人们开始免费的花园。故选C。
C
浙江省台州名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考The most beloved bird in history may very well have been a 29-year-old pigeon by the name of Martha. It was the early 1900s, and Martha was at the height of her fame. Perched on her humble roost at the Cincinnati Zoo, she was an object of fascination to the thousands of visitors who lined up just to catch a glimpse. Martha may not have looked the part of an animal celebrity, but she was hardly average—in fact, she was the very definition of one of a kind. After the death of her companion George in 1910, Martha had become the world’s last-living passenger pigeon.
There was a time not long before when her kind accounted for more than a quarter of the birds in North America and may have been the most abundant bird species on the planet. Passenger pigeons used to travel at 60 miles an hour in flocks a mile wide and 300 miles long. Witnesses compared them to a train rumbling through a tunnel.
Ironically, the passenger pigeons’ very abundance may have spelled their doom. An agricultural pest and reliable source of protein, they became easy targets for hunters who killed them in the tens of thousands. In a matter of decades, a bird that once numbered in the billions was reduced to a few, and then, eventually, to one.
Martha, who’d grown up in captivity, had no offspring of her own. At 1 p.m. on September 1, 1914, Martha fell from her perch, never to rise again—one of the rare occasions in which historians could identify the exact moment of a species’ extinction.
Of course, the real tragedy was that the loss of the passenger pigeon was neither surprising nor unique. For as long as the Earth has sustained life, it has also seen the permanent disappearance of life forms, the dinosaurs being a particularly extreme example. But Martha’s high-profile death trained national attention on an alarming new trend. Close to a thousand animal species alone have died off in the last 500 years, and the trend is only getting worse.
28. What caused the extinction of passenger pigeons
A. The loss of their habitats. B. The worsening of global warming.
C. The burning of fossil fuels. D. Their nutritional value and threat to farming.
29. Why are dinosaurs mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To illustrate we can do nothing to stop species extinction.
B. To show the extinction of a certain species is not a rare case.
C. To explain human activities are to blame for species extinction.
D. To stress immediate measures should be taken before it is too late.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the new trend of species extinction
A. Optimistic. B. Confused. C. Relieved. D. Concerned.
31. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The most beloved bird George died.
B. Birds are the best friends of human beings.
C. The tragic loss of the last passenger pigeon.
D The most abundant bird species are endangered.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最后一只旅鸽的死亡和旅鸽灭绝的原因，以及人们对此的担忧。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“An agricultural pest and reliable source of protein, they became easy targets for hunters who killed them in the tens of thousands. (作为一种农业害虫和可靠的蛋白质来源，它们很容易成为猎人的目标，成千上万的猎人捕杀了它们。)”可知，它们的营养价值和对农业的威胁导致了旅鸽的灭绝。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Of course, the real tragedy was that the loss of the passenger pigeon was neither surprising nor unique. For as long as the Earth has sustained life, it has also seen the permanent disappearance of life forms, the dinosaurs being a particularly extreme example. But Martha’s high-profile death trained national attention on an alarming new trend. Close to a thousand animal species alone have died off in the last 500 years, and the trend is only getting worse. (当然，真正的悲剧是，旅鸽的损失既不令人惊讶，也不独特。只要地球上有生命存在，它就见证了生命形式的永久消失，恐龙就是一个特别极端的例子。但玛莎高调的死亡让全国关注到一个令人担忧的新趋势。在过去的500年里，近1000种动物灭绝，而且这种趋势只会变得更糟。)”可知，最后一段提到恐龙表明某一物种灭绝的情况并不罕见。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“But Martha’s high-profile death trained national attention on an alarming new trend. Close to a thousand animal species alone have died off in the last 500 years, and the trend is only getting worse. (但玛莎高调的死亡让全国关注到一个令人担忧的新趋势。在过去的500年里，近1000种动物灭绝，而且这种趋势只会变得更糟。)”可知，作者对物种灭绝的新趋势很担心。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“After the death of her companion George in 1910, Martha had become the world’s last-living passenger pigeon. (1910年她的同伴乔治去世后，玛莎成了世界上最后一只活着的旅鸽。)”可知，第一段引出旅鸽的现状，接着文章对此现象进行了解释，文章倒数第二段中“At 1 p.m. on September 1, 1914, Martha fell from her perch, never to rise again—one of the rare occasions in which historians could identify the exact moment of a species’ extinction.(玛莎在囚禁中长大，没有自己的后代。1914年9月1日下午1点，玛莎从她的栖木上掉了下来，再也没有爬起来——这是历史学家能够确定一个物种灭绝的确切时刻的罕见事件之一。)”阐述了这个物种的灭绝，故可推知，本文主要讲述了最后一只旅鸽的死亡和旅鸽灭绝的原因，以及人们对此的担忧。故选C。
D
(江苏省泰州中学、宿迁中学、宜兴中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月调研)Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.
In the study, 602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product. They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas, as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty, and asked to submit their best idea. Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. “Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene. Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation. On platforms, the screen occupies our interactions. Our look wavers less. “Looking away might come across as rude,” said Brucks, “so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction, the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person.”
Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera, for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so. And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
32. What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A. challenge. B. revise. C. strengthen. D. shake.
33. At first, lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that _________.
A. Creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts.
B. The feedback from companies seems questionable.
C. Participants should make eye contact in an online meeting.
D. Videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication.
34. What can we learn about Brucks’ students
A They progressed in focusing attention. B. They relieved anxiety by speaking up.
C. They displayed talent for public speaking. D. They took advantage of virtual learning.
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity B. Interacting In Person Boosts Efficiency
C. Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity D. Maintaining Teamwork Improves Innovation
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，文章分析了原因，并给出了建议。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.(在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会stiffen雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，面对面的交流有利于创造性想法的产生，虚拟会议不如面对面交流，所以对于雇主来讲，要求员工回到办公室才会有更多的创造性想法，stiffen意为“加强”，此处为“加强了雇主的决心”，划线词与strengthen意思相近，故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers(我们做这个实验是基于一些公司的反馈，他们认为远程员工很难进行创新)”和“Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.(与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面的体验，所以当我们发现面对面互动和视频互动在创意产生方面存在重大差异时，我感到很惊讶。)”可知，因为有公司反映：远程员工难创新，所以首席研究员Melanie Brucks组织了实验，来验证公司所反映的情况，在发现面对面交流与视频互动交流所带来的创新想法的差异与公司反映的一样时，他很是惊讶，说明他原来认为公司的反馈值得怀疑，故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom.(像大多数教育工作者一样，Brucks在过去的三年里主要从事虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，害羞的学生更经常地发言，摆脱了在大教室演讲时的焦虑。)”可知，Brucks的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，故可推知，她的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.(这些年来，许多人都参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作效率。然而，一项新的研究却给出了相反的结论。)”以及第二段“Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.(在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法明显更少，这表明面对面的互动产生了更多的创意。这一发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工重返办公室的决心。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，“Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity(网上头脑风暴限制创造力)”作标题比较贴切。故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2024·河北邯郸·统考二模)
Reading the room gives you an edge — no matter who you’re talking to
What’s the difference between a successful presentation and a not-so-successful one Skilled public speakers aren’t just good at putting words together. 36 That skill doesn’t just make people good at public speaking. It’s helpful in all kinds of situations-whether in a one-on-one meeting or a networking event. Here are several techniques you can practice to get better at reading the room.
Ask for feedback. You don’t have to wait until the conversation is over to find out how it went. 37 For example, after covering a complex topic, pause and ask your listeners if it’s okay to continue. If you’re losing their attention, let them take a quick break.
Don’t forget about basic needs. Even the most impressive speaker won’t keep an audience engaged if they’re hungry or tired. If your listeners are disengaged, offer them a break-or end the session early. 38
Learn to read unspoken implication. What are people doing while you’re speaking Are they sighing, rolling their eyes or smiling 39 Sometimes, these gestures might include objects, like cellphones or tapping pencils. If you see any of these, don’t step over it. Say something like, “Uh-oh-I see everyone’s checking their phones. Did I lose you, or is it lunchtime ”
40 No skill can be got easily. Skills of reading the room also require some training to acquire. You can work with a friend or coach to build your self-awareness. This skill can make you a more confident and effective speaker.
When you learn to successfully read the room, you and your audience get more out of your conversation. Reading the room helps you adjust in real time to make sure communication is clear.
A. They know how to read the room.
B. Learning to read the room takes practice.
C. Ask someone else to remind you of the situation.
D. These can indicate how they’re receiving information.
E. Instead, you can get the feedback from the listeners’ expression.
F. There’s no point in sticking it out if your audience have lost their focus.
G. You can check in periodically to make sure you haven’t lost your audience.
【答案】36. A 37. G 38. F 39. D 40 B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种演讲时观察听众反应的技巧和方法，从而获得更好的演讲效果。
36. 根据上文“Skilled public speakers aren’t just good at putting words together.(有技巧的公众演说家不只是擅长遣词造句)”可知，有技巧的公众演说家还有更多的技能，A项“They know how to read the room.(他们知道怎么观察周围环境，了解在场人的情绪和态度)”承接上文，介绍了他们的另一项技能：read the room(察言观色)，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
37. 上文“You don’t have to wait until the conversation is over to find out how it went.(你不必等到谈话结束就可以知道进展如何)”提出了解情况不一定要等到谈话结束，G项“You can check in periodically to make sure you haven’t lost your audience.(你可以定期检查以确保你没有失去你的听众)”承接上文，说明在谈话过程中就可以查看听众的情况，下文“For example, after covering a complex topic, pause and ask your listeners if it’s okay to continue.(例如，在谈到一个复杂的话题后，停下来问听众是否可以继续)”对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
38. 上文“If your listeners are disengaged, offer them a break-or end the session early.(如果你的听众心不在焉，让他们休息一下，或者提前结束演讲)”提出可以提前结束演讲，F项“There’s no point in sticking it out if your audience have lost their focus.(如果你的听众已经失去了注意力，那么坚持下去就没有意义了)”进一步说明原因，句中“lost their focus”与上文“disengaged”相照应。故选F项。
39. 上文“What are people doing while you’re speaking Are they sighing, rolling their eyes or smiling (你说话的时候别人在干什么 他们是在叹息、翻白眼还是在微笑 )”提出演讲时观察观众的反应，D项“These can indicate how they’re receiving information.(这些可以表明它们是如何接收信息的)”说明观察这些反应的意义，句中指示代词“These”指代上文中“What are people doing”和“sighing, rolling their eyes or smiling”。故选D项。
40. 设空句是段首小标题，根据下文“No skill can be got easily. Skills of reading the room also require some training to acquire. You can work with a friend or coach to build your self-awareness. This skill can make you a more confident and effective speaker.(没有一项技能可以轻易获得。察言观色的技巧也需要一些训练来获得。你可以和朋友或教练一起建立你的自我意识。这个技巧可以让你成为一个更自信、更有效的演讲者)”可知，本段主要讲学习察言观色需要练习，所以B项“Learning to read the room takes practice.(学会察言观色需要练习)”是最佳标题。故选B项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2024·广东·统考二模)I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three hours trying to get to the airport. Now, as I saw my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my frustration had only just 41 .
This was my first visit to the international terminal (航空站) of the airport, and nothing was 42 . I could not make sense of any of the 43 . Where was the “Check-in counter” Where was “Customs” I didn’t know the way around. I began to 44 .
I tried to ask a passenger for 45 , but my words came out wrong. Maybe I said something that offended him. He just looked at me 46 and walked away. What had happened I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I could not even remember how to ask for 47 . Just then, a bus arrived, and the passengers came out. Here was my chance! I could 48 them to the customs, and I would not have to say a word.
I went after the group and reached the 49 . Oh, no! There was not enough 50 for me. I watched in despair as the elevator door closed. When the elevator returned, I got on. The elevator slowly climbed up to the 3rd floor. As the door opened, tears appeared because I realized that I was 51 again. Just then, a kind man appeared. He saw me and gave me his handkerchief to dry my eyes as I told him my difficulty. He smiled and led me down a hallway and, 52 , there was customs!
When I turned to 53 him, he was gone. I will never know that kind man’s name, but I will always remember his 54 kindness. He helped me when I badly needed it. I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler 55 through a journey.
41. A. begun B. disappeared C. changed D. settled
42. A. convenient B. familiar C. complicated D. dangerous
43. A. entrances B. logos C. passengers D. signs
44. A. panic B. run C. complain D. struggle
45. A. service B. help C. sympathy D. attention
46. A. rudely B. sadly C. angrily D. quickly
47. A. solutions B. agreement C. response D. directions
48. A. follow B. lead C. invite D. accompany
49. A. customs B. elevator C. bus D. passengers
50. A. security B. support C. room D. comfort
51. A. lost B. embarrassed C. cheated D. defeated
52. A. in turn B. at last C. for example D. in short
53. A. inquire B. answer C. thank D. respect
54. A. careless B. regular C. delayed D. unexpected
55. A. suffering B. studying C. experiencing D. running
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. C
51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去旅行，由于身处陌生的环境，语言不同，作者无法找到去海关的路，在作者焦急万分时，一个善良的人帮助了他，作者很感激他，并打算传递这份善意。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我在机场人行道上看到我的行李时，我意识到我的沮丧才刚刚开始。A. begun开始；B. disappeared消失；C. changed改变；D. settled定居。根据上文“I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three hours trying to get to the airport.”可知，作者花了三个小时才赶到机场，为此感到很焦虑，但是当作者在机场人行道上看到自己的行李时，才意识到焦虑才刚刚开始。故选A。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次独自参观机场的国际航站楼，什么都不熟悉。A. convenient方便的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. complicated复杂的；D. dangerous危险的。根据句中“This was my first visit to the international terminal (航站楼) of the airport”可知，这是作者第一次来机场的国际航站楼，由此可知，作者对一切都不熟悉。故选B。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不理解任何指示牌的意思。A. entrances入口；B. logos标志；C. passengers乘客；D. signs指示牌。根据下文“Where was the “Check-in counter” Where was “Customs” ”可知，作者不知道办理登机手续的柜台和海关在哪里，由此可知，作者不理解机场指示牌的意思。故选D项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始恐慌。A. panic恐慌，惊慌失措；B. run跑步；C. complain抱怨；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文“I could not make sense of any of the ________. Where was the “Check-in counter” Where was “Customs” I didn’t know the way around”可知，作者不认识路，也不理解指示牌的意思，由此可知，作者开始恐慌。故选A。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图向一位乘客求助，但我的话说错了。A. service服务；B.help帮助；C. sympathy同情；D. attention注意力。上文提到作者不认识路，也不理解指示牌的意思，由此可知，作者向一位乘客求助。故选B。
46. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他只是生气地看了我一眼，然后走开了。A. rudely粗鲁地；B. sadly伤心地；C. angrily生气地；D. quickly快速地。由上文“Maybe I said something that offended him.”可知，或许作者说了一些冒犯这位乘客的话，所以这位乘客生气地看了作者一眼，然后走开了，故选C。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这个国家待了整整一个学期，我甚至不记得如何问路。A. solutions解决方法；B. agreement同意；C. response回复；D. directions方向。上文提到作者不知道怎么走，于是问了一位乘客，但是作者好像说错话冒犯了他，所以那位乘客很生气，由此可知，作者说自己甚至不知道如何问路，故选D。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以跟着他们去海关，我不用说一个字。A. follow跟着；B. lead带领；C. invite邀请；D. accompany陪伴。由下文“I went after the group”可知，作者跟在刚下车的乘客们一起去海关，故选A。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跟在大家后面，走到电梯口。A. customs海关；B. elevator电梯；C. bus公交；D. passengers乘客。由下文“I watched in despair as the elevator door closed. ”可知，作者是在乘坐电梯，所以是走到电梯口，故选B。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，不！没有足够的空间给我。A. security安全；B support支持；C. room空间；D. comfort舒适。由下文“I watched in despair as the elevator door closed. When the elevator returned, I got on.”可知，作者没有乘坐第一班电梯，是因为电梯满了，没有足够的空间给作者，所以作者看着电梯关上了门，不得不等下一班电梯，故选C。
51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当门打开时，眼泪出现了，因为我意识到我又迷路了。A. lost迷路的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. cheated被骗的；D. defeated被大打败的。由下文“He smiled and led me down a hallway”和上文提到的作者不认识路，找不到海关可知，作者又迷路了，不知道该如何到达海关，故选A。
52. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他微笑着带我走过走廊，最后，终于到了海关！A. in turn轮流；B. at last最后；C. for example例如；D. in short简言之。上文提到作者找不到去海关的路，结合上文“He smiled and led me down a hallway and”一个男人带着祖宗走过走廊，最终到达了海关，故选B。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我转身向他道谢时，他已经走了。A. inquire询问；B. answer回答；C. thank感谢；D. respect尊敬。上文“He smiled and led me down a hallway and,________, there was customs!”提到的一个男人帮助作者找到了海关可知，作者应该是想谢谢他，故选C。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会知道那个好人的名字，但我会永远记得他出人意料的善良。A. careless马虎的；B. regular有规律的；C. delayed延迟的；D. unexpected无法预料的，出人意料的。上文“Just then, a kind man appeared.”提到作者因为迷路正在难过哭泣时，这时一个男人出现帮助作者找到了海关，这时作者没有预料到的，由此可知，此处指男人出人意料的善良，故选D。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能希望有一天，我也能为另一个在旅途中遭遇困难的旅行者做同样的事情。A. suffering遭遇；B. studying学习；C. experiencing经历；D. running跑步。由上文“He helped me when I badly needed it”和文章讲述的作者迷路找不到去海关的路可知，作者在旅途中遭遇困难，这个陌生人在作者需要帮助的时候帮助了作者，故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
(2023上·广东·高三广州市第一中学校联考阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei blasted off into space in 2003, it was a history- making moment that declared his country’s arrival 56 an emerging space power.
So far, China 57 (become) a major presence in space. It now has its own permanent outpost in orbit—a 58 (full) operational space station-and routinely rotates(轮值) crews to live and work there.
On Thursday, three Chinese astronauts lifted off on the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center deep in the Gobi Desert, 59 (head) for the Tiangong space station for a six-month stay.
They are the 60 (young) crew China has ever sent to space—with 61 average age of 38. Among their tasks on board is to repair the solar panels which 62 (destroy) by space debris years ago—the first time Chinese astronauts will carry out repair work outside the station.
This is China’s sixth manned mission to its space station since 2021. The new crew will take over from the Shenzhou-16 astronauts, 63 have been on board since May.
64 (complete) late last year, the Tiangong—or “heavenly palace” in Chinese—is one of the two space 65 (station) currently in orbit. With a lifespan of 15 years, it could become the only one left when the NASA-led International Space Station(ISS) retires in 2030.
【答案】
56. as 57. has become 58. fully 59. heading 60. youngest
61. an 62. were destroyed 63. who pleted 65. stations
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国神舟十七号载人飞船升空的相关信息，同时也介绍了此次的飞行乘组及主要任务。
56. 考查介词。句意：2003年，当中国首位宇航员杨利伟被送入太空时，这是一个历史性的时刻，宣告了中国作为一个新兴太空大国的到来。表示“作为”用介词as，as an emerging space power“作为一个新兴太空大国”。故填as。
57. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国已经成为太空领域的主要存在。根据句中的时间状语“So far”可知设空处应用现在完成时，表示中国已经跻身太空强国的事实。主语是China，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。
58. 考查副词。句意：现在，中国在轨道上有了自己的永久前哨站——一个全面运行的空间站——并定期轮换宇航员在那里生活和工作。此处修饰形容词operational，用副词形式。故填fully。
59. 考查非谓语动词。句意：周四，三名中国宇航员乘坐神舟17号飞船从戈壁沙漠深处的酒泉卫星发射中心升空，前往天宫空间站进行为期六个月的停留。此处表示伴随状况，且提示词head与逻辑主语three Chinese astronauts为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填heading。
60. 考查形容词最高级。句意：他们是中国有史以来送入太空的最年轻的宇航员，平均年龄38岁。此处表示“送往太空的最年轻的一组航天员”，且空前有定冠词the，所以用形容词最高级。故填youngest。
61. 考查冠词。句意：他们是中国有史以来送入太空的最年轻的宇航员，平均年龄38岁。an average of“平均……”是固定表达，因average的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
62. 考查时态和语态。句意：他们的任务之一是修复几年前被太空碎片毁坏的太阳能电池板，这是中国宇航员第一次在空间站外进行维修工作。先行词是物体panels，设空处在定语从句中做谓语，与destroy之间为被动关系。根据句意及空后的“by space debris years ago”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were destroyed。
63. 考查定语从句。句意：新宇航员将接替神舟16号的宇航员，神舟16号自5月以来一直在飞船上。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词astronauts指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年年底完工的“天宫”是目前在轨运行的两个空间站之一。分析句子结构可知，主语the Tiangong与complete之间为被动关系，此处应用提示词的过去分词形式作状语；位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Completed。
65. 考查名词复数。句意：去年年底完工的“天宫”是目前在轨运行的两个空间站之一。基数数词two后接可数名词的复数形式。故填stations。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2023上·湖南长沙·高三雅礼中学校考阶段练习)假如你是李华，你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，你想写封信表达你的感谢。内容包括：
1. 当时的情况；
2. 外教的做法；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Julia,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Julia,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for your timely intervention during the oral class yesterday.
When I answered incorrectly, the whole class burst into laughter. Embarrassed and ashamed, I felt my face turn red. However, you quickly stepped in and your words of affirmation and inspiration turned the awkward moment into one filled with encouragement. With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease and gave me the confidence to try again.
Your actions not only showed me great support, but also made me feel respected and valued. Your kindness and encouragement have given me the push to keep trying and never give up. I am truly grateful for everything that you have done for me.
Thank you for being such a great teacher!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，要求考生写封信表达你的感谢。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表达：express → show
不正确地：incorrectly → mistakenly
激励：encouragement → inspiration
感激的：grateful → appreciative
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease and gave me the confidence to try again.
拓展句：With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease, which gave me the confidence to try again.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]When I answered incorrectly, the whole class burst into laughter.(when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]I am truly grateful for everything that you have done for me.(that引导的定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
(2023上·湖北·高三湖北省天门中学校联考期中)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shopping at a clothing store to find a birthday gift for a friend. For a few moments, I forgot about the gift when I saw some skinny jeans. I’d dreamed of purchasing them, but I always put that thought on the back burner since most girls wearing them were much younger. This day, though, my eagerness was stronger.
I grabbed jeans in my size and walked to the dressing room where I was greeted by a young, cheerful girl. She said in a loud voice “Oh, you’ll look fine.” In the dressing room, I held up the jeans in front of me. But would I be brave enough to wear them I rarely wore jeans, let alone skinny jeans.
I slipped the jeans over my legs. They were tight, but I had gone this far, so I tried hard to pull them up to my waist. There was no way I was able to zipper those jeans. They were too tight. I tried to sit down to take off the jeans, but my knees wouldn’t bend at all. I leaned on the wall for support to take off the jeans. However, my foot got stuck, and I fell to the floor with a loud noise.
The girl called out, “Are you okay ” I looked outside and could see her walking toward my dressing room. Clearly, if I could see her, she could see me. “I’m okay,” I yelled out. “I just need a larger size.” She made a U-turn to get me another pair. I hoped that would give me time to stand up.
I figured if I could bend my right leg slightly, I’d be able to take them off. Trying hard, I couldn’t help laughing. However, my laughter was stopped by the girl’s soft voice. I tried to answer but couldn’t get the words out of my mouth without laughing. She tried to hand me the larger jeans through the bottom of the door. “Hold on, I’m coming,” I assured her as I tried to move closer to the door. “Come in,” I said.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There I was, on the floor, trapped in the jeans.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Not until I got home did I realize I had forgotten to buy a gift.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
One possible version:
There I was, on the floor, trapped in the jeans. Seeing this, the girl started pulling the legs in an attempt to free me. Now, we were both roaring with laughter. Finally, in what seemed liked forever, the war of pulling off the jeans was over. The skinny jeans were finally off, and I was free, but the happy laughter continued as I stood up. The girl handed me the larger sized jeans to try on. “No, thank you. I think I’ll stick with my safe leggings!” “Oh, you are so adorable,” she said once again.
Not until I got home did I realize I had forgotten to buy a gift. But to my relief, I learned two things that day. One was that I was so adorable when wearing jeans. The other was that skinny jeans would forever remain on the back burner for me. Anyway, I’ll have to spend another day searching for a gift for my friend. I’m not certain whether similar stories will happen to me again.
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了有一天作者去服装店购物，想为朋友挑件生日礼物，却被紧身牛仔裤吸引，想要买一条自己来穿。作者鼓起勇气拿起适合自己尺码的牛仔裤走去更衣室，开朗的销售员鼓励了作者。在更衣室里，作者费劲地把紧身牛仔裤穿上后，发现自己无法脱下裤子，甚至摔倒了，销售员闻声询问了作者的情况，作者回答自己需要更大一号的裤子，为自己争取站起来的时间。想到自己的情况，作者忍不住笑出来，这时销售员把大一号的裤子递给作者，作者让她进入了更衣室。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我被困在牛仔裤里，躺在地板上”可知，第一段可描写销售员帮助作者脱下牛仔裤，以及作者放弃购买紧身牛仔裤。
②由第二段首句内容“直到我回到家，我才意识到我忘了买礼物”可知，第二段可描写作者对这天的购物经历的感悟，以及打算再花时间帮朋友买礼物。
2. 续写线索：作者被困在牛仔裤里——销售员帮忙——作者放弃买紧身牛仔裤——作者意识到忘记买礼物——作者的感悟——作者打算再买礼物
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/spot/notice
②开始：start/begin
③递给：hand/offer/give
④寻找：search for/look for/seek
情绪类
①快乐的：happy/joyous/cheerful
②放松：relief/comfort/relaxation
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally, in what seemed liked forever, the war of pulling off the jeans was over. (连接代词what导名词性从句作in的宾语)
[高分句型2] One was that I was so adorable when wearing jeans. (连接词that引导名词性从句作句子的表语)2024届高二下学期开学摸底考(译林版2020)
英 语
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman offer to do for the man
A. Introduce a branch store. B. Provide a credit note. C. Return the money.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a school. B. In a shop. C. In a car museum.
3. How much should the girl pay
A. 2.50. B. 4.00 C. 5.00.
4. Which colour of a carpet does the man like best
A. Blue. B. Red. C. Grey.
5. Who is the woman probably
A. A customer. B. An eye specialist. C. An online shop owner.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What season is it most likely to be
A. Spring. B. Winter. C. Autumn.
7. What gift will Linda get from the man
A. A coat. B. A dictionary. C. A mobile phone.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。
8. What did the speakers buy for Uncle Ernie last year
A. A gardening book. B. A gardening tool. C. A flower show ticket.
9. What will Gary get
A. A live concert ticket. B. A delicious dinner. C. A set of clothes.
10. Where are the speakers probably
A. At home. B. At a garden. C. At a bookstore.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12、13题。
11. What does the man dislike about the sofa at the beginning
A. The size. B. The color. C. The style.
12. What does the man say about the old sofa
A. It is heavy. B. It is small. C. It is comfortable.
13. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Look at other sofas. B. Go to another store. C. Wait for a sale.
听第9段材料，回答第14、15、16、17题。
14. What does the man think of online shopping
A. It is quite convenient.
B. Returning goods is difficult.
C. The delivery is a bit too slow.
15. What does the man say about Trade Me
A. It offers some rare records.
B. He often buys books and CDs on it.
C. He can buy things from other users on it.
16. What did the man buy for his mother as a Christmas present
A. A golf bag. B. A coat. C. A sofa.
17. What is the man concerned about in the end
A. How the sofa will be delivered.
B. When the sofa will arrive.
C. How much the delivery will cost.
听第10段材料，回答第18、19、20题。
18. What does the speaker usually buy for his friends
A. Something he likes.
B. Something suitable for his friends.
C. Something valuable.
19. Why does the man dislike giving gifts
A. It costs much time.
B. The gifts are expensive.
C. He doesn’t know what others like.
20. What would the man want as a birthday gift
A. A cake. B. A pair of earrings. C. A card.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The 2023 Audubon Photography Awards Opens for Entries
The 2023 Audubon Photography Awards officially opens for entries from January 12, 2023 until March 9, 2023 at 12:00 pm. Judges will award eight prizes to photographers and videographers. Prizes include:
·Grand Prize: $5 000
·Professional Prize: $ 2, 500
·Amateur Prize: $ 2, 500
·Plants for Birds Prize: $2, 500
·Video Prize: $ 2, 500
·Female Bird Prize: $1, 000
·Fisher Prize: $1, 000
·Youth Prize: Six days at Audubon’ s Hog Island Audubon Camp for teens
For the second year, Audubon will award the Female Bird Prize and the Video Prize. The Female Bird Prize continues to display the beauty of female birds, which are often under- appreciated and under-researched in both birding and science. The Video Prize once again will be awarded to the top video of birds demonstrating unique behaviors or highlighting bird life in its habitat.
Winning photos and videos will be featured in a future issue of Audubon magazine. The contest is open to all legal residents of the US, who are 13 years of age or older. Photos that do not follow Audubon’ s Guide to Ethical Bird Photography and Videography will be disqualified. Entry fees are $ 15 per image or video. No payment is required lor entrants who are 13 to 17 years of age.
21. What will the teen winner get
A. An overseas tour.
B. A chance to camp.
C. An issue of the magazine.
D. A prize money of $2. 500.
22. What can we know about the Female Bird Prize
A. It was first established in 2021.
B. It is awarded to the top video of birds.
C. It helps boost the female bird research.
D. It is intended for female photographers.
23. Which of the following can meet the contest’s requirement
A. Sending the entry to a non-official website.
B. Submitting an entry themed the landscape.
C. Posting the entry by the end of March.
D. Paying entry fees if entrants are over 18.
B
On the day he almost died, Kimbal Musk had food on the brain. The Internet startup talent and restaurateur had just arrived in Jackson Hole from a conference where chef Jamie Oliver had spoken about the benefits of healthy eating. This was something Musk thought about a lot- how he might make a difference to the food industry—but beyond expanding his farm-to-table movement along with his restaurant, Musk hadn’t yet broken the code. Then he went sailing down a snowy slope (坡) and fell over, breaking his neck. The left side of his body was paralyzed.
Musk eventually made a full recovery, but it involved spending two months on his back, which gave him plenty of time to come up with a plan. Since then, he has launched an initiative to put “learning gardens” in public schools across America; attracted Generation Z to the farming profession by changing shipping containers into high-tech, data-driven, year-round farms; and this year, is kicking off a new campaign to create one million at-home gardens.
Aimed at reaching low- income families, the Million Gardens Movement was inspired by the pandemic, as both a desire to feel more connected to nature and food insecurity have been at the forefront of so many people’s lives. “We were getting a lot of inquiries about gardening from people that had never gardened before,” says Musk. “People were looking to garden for a bunch of reasons: to supplement their budget, to improve the nutritional quality of their diets, or just to cure the boredom that came with the lockdown.”
The program offers free garden kits that can be grown indoors or outdoors, and will be distributed through schools that Musk's non-profit, Big Green, has already partnered with. It also offers free courses on how to get the garden growing and fresh seeds and materials for the changing growing seasons. “I grew up in the projects when I was young, in what we now call food deserts,” says EVE, one of the many celebrities who have teamed up with the organization to encourage people to pick up a free garden. “What I love about this is that it's not difficult. We are all able to grow something.”
24. What inspired Musk to be devoted to food industry
A. An accident. B. Jamie Oliver’s speech.
C. The pandemic. D. The farm-to-table movement.
25. What can we learn about the Million Gardens Movement
A. It has mainly attracted young generations. B. It has just accomplished its target.
C. It may be stimulated by a lack of food security. D. It increases economic burdens for the poor.
26. Which of the following best describes Musk
A. Charitable. B. Honest. C. Flexible. D. Strict.
27. Why is EVE taken as an example
A. To demonstrate the program to be non-profit. B. To share his experience in a food desert.
C. To encourage people to start a free garden. D. To clarify the reason why he loves a garden.
C
The most beloved bird in history may very well have been a 29-year-old pigeon by the name of Martha. It was the early 1900s, and Martha was at the height of her fame. Perched on her humble roost at the Cincinnati Zoo, she was an object of fascination to the thousands of visitors who lined up just to catch a glimpse. Martha may not have looked the part of an animal celebrity, but she was hardly average—in fact, she was the very definition of one of a kind. After the death of her companion George in 1910, Martha had become the world’s last-living passenger pigeon.
There was a time not long before when her kind accounted for more than a quarter of the birds in North America and may have been the most abundant bird species on the planet. Passenger pigeons used to travel at 60 miles an hour in flocks a mile wide and 300 miles long. Witnesses compared them to a train rumbling through a tunnel.
Ironically, the passenger pigeons’ very abundance may have spelled their doom. An agricultural pest and reliable source of protein, they became easy targets for hunters who killed them in the tens of thousands. In a matter of decades, a bird that once numbered in the billions was reduced to a few, and then, eventually, to one.
Martha, who’d grown up in captivity, had no offspring of her own. At 1 p.m. on September 1, 1914, Martha fell from her perch, never to rise again—one of the rare occasions in which historians could identify the exact moment of a species’ extinction.
Of course, the real tragedy was that the loss of the passenger pigeon was neither surprising nor unique. For as long as the Earth has sustained life, it has also seen the permanent disappearance of life forms, the dinosaurs being a particularly extreme example. But Martha’s high-profile death trained national attention on an alarming new trend. Close to a thousand animal species alone have died off in the last 500 years, and the trend is only getting worse.
28. What caused the extinction of passenger pigeons
A. The loss of their habitats. B. The worsening of global warming.
C. The burning of fossil fuels. D. Their nutritional value and threat to farming.
29. Why are dinosaurs mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To illustrate we can do nothing to stop species extinction.
B. To show the extinction of a certain species is not a rare case.
C. To explain human activities are to blame for species extinction.
D. To stress immediate measures should be taken before it is too late.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the new trend of species extinction
A. Optimistic. B. Confused. C. Relieved. D. Concerned.
31. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The most beloved bird George died.
B. Birds are the best friends of human beings.
C. The tragic loss of the last passenger pigeon.
D The most abundant bird species are endangered.
D
Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.
In the study, 602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product. They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas, as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty, and asked to submit their best idea. Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. “Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene. Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation. On platforms, the screen occupies our interactions. Our look wavers less. “Looking away might come across as rude,” said Brucks, “so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction, the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person.”
Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera, for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so. And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
32. What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A. challenge. B. revise. C. strengthen. D. shake.
33. At first, lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that _________.
A. Creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts.
B. The feedback from companies seems questionable.
C. Participants should make eye contact in an online meeting.
D. Videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication.
34. What can we learn about Brucks’ students
A. They progressed in focusing attention. B. They relieved anxiety by speaking up.
C. They displayed talent for public speaking. D. They took advantage of virtual learning.
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity B. Interacting In Person Boosts Efficiency
C. Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity D. Maintaining Teamwork Improves Innovation
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading the room gives you an edge — no matter who you’re talking to
What’s the difference between a successful presentation and a not-so-successful one Skilled public speakers aren’t just good at putting words together. 36 That skill doesn’t just make people good at public speaking. It’s helpful in all kinds of situations-whether in a one-on-one meeting or a networking event. Here are several techniques you can practice to get better at reading the room.
Ask for feedback. You don’t have to wait until the conversation is over to find out how it went. 37 For example, after covering a complex topic, pause and ask your listeners if it’s okay to continue. If you’re losing their attention, let them take a quick break.
Don’t forget about basic needs. Even the most impressive speaker won’t keep an audience engaged if they’re hungry or tired. If your listeners are disengaged, offer them a break-or end the session early. 38
Learn to read unspoken implication. What are people doing while you’re speaking Are they sighing, rolling their eyes or smiling 39 Sometimes, these gestures might include objects, like cellphones or tapping pencils. If you see any of these, don’t step over it. Say something like, “Uh-oh-I see everyone’s checking their phones. Did I lose you, or is it lunchtime ”
40 No skill can be got easily. Skills of reading the room also require some training to acquire. You can work with a friend or coach to build your self-awareness. This skill can make you a more confident and effective speaker.
When you learn to successfully read the room, you and your audience get more out of your conversation. Reading the room helps you adjust in real time to make sure communication is clear.
A. They know how to read the room.
B. Learning to read the room takes practice.
C. Ask someone else to remind you of the situation.
D. These can indicate how they’re receiving information.
E. Instead, you can get the feedback from the listeners’ expression.
F. There’s no point in sticking it out if your audience have lost their focus.
G. You can check in periodically to make sure you haven’t lost your audience.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three hours trying to get to the airport. Now, as I saw my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my frustration had only just 41 .
This was my first visit to the international terminal(航空站) of the airport, and nothing was 42 . I could not make sense of any of the 43 . Where was the “Check-in counter” Where was “Customs” I didn’t know the way around. I began to 44 .
I tried to ask a passenger for 45 , but my words came out wrong. Maybe I said something that offended him. He just looked at me 46 and walked away. What had happened I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I could not even remember how to ask for 47 . Just then, a bus arrived, and the passengers came out. Here was my chance! I could 48 them to the customs, and I would not have to say a word.
I went after the group and reached the 49 . Oh, no! There was not enough 50 for me. I watched in despair as the elevator door closed. When the elevator returned, I got on. The elevator slowly climbed up to the 3rd floor. As the door opened, tears appeared because I realized that I was 51 again. Just then, a kind man appeared. He saw me and gave me his handkerchief to dry my eyes as I told him my difficulty. He smiled and led me down a hallway and, 52 , there was customs!
When I turned to 53 him, he was gone. I will never know that kind man’s name, but I will always remember his 54 kindness. He helped me when I badly needed it. I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler 55 through a journey.
41. A. begun B. disappeared C. changed D. settled
42. A. convenient B. familiar C. complicated D. dangerous
43. A. entrances B. logos C. passengers D. signs
44. A. panic B. run C. complain D. struggle
45. A. service B. help C. sympathy D. attention
46. A. rudely B. sadly C. angrily D. quickly
47. A. solutions B. agreement C. response D. directions
48. A. follow B. lead C. invite D. accompany
49. A. customs B. elevator C. bus D. passengers
50. A. security B. support C. room D. comfort
51. A. lost B. embarrassed C. cheated D. defeated
52. A. in turn B. at last C. for example D. in short
53. A. inquire B. answer C. thank D. respect
54. A. careless B. regular C. delayed D. unexpected
55. A. suffering B. studying C. experiencing D. running
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei blasted off into space in 2003, it was a history- making moment that declared his country’s arrival 56 an emerging space power.
So far, China 57 (become) a major presence in space. It now has its own permanent outpost in orbit—a 58 (full) operational space station-and routinely rotates(轮值) crews to live and work there.
On Thursday, three Chinese astronauts lifted off on the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center deep in the Gobi Desert, 59 (head) for the Tiangong space station for a six-month stay.
They are the 60 (young) crew China has ever sent to space—with 61 average age of 38. Among their tasks on board is to repair the solar panels which 62 (destroy) by space debris years ago—the first time Chinese astronauts will carry out repair work outside the station.
This is China’s sixth manned mission to its space station since 2021. The new crew will take over from the Shenzhou-16 astronauts, 63 have been on board since May.
64 (complete) late last year, the Tiangong—or “heavenly palace” in Chinese—is one of the two space 65 (station) currently in orbit. With a lifespan of 15 years, it could become the only one left when the NASA-led International Space Station(ISS) retires in 2030.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，你想写封信表达你的感谢。内容包括：
1. 当时的情况；
2. 外教的做法；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Julia,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shopping at a clothing store to find a birthday gift for a friend. For a few moments, I forgot about the gift when I saw some skinny jeans. I’d dreamed of purchasing them, but I always put that thought on the back burner since most girls wearing them were much younger. This day, though, my eagerness was stronger.
I grabbed jeans in my size and walked to the dressing room where I was greeted by a young, cheerful girl. She said in a loud voice “Oh, you’ll look fine.” In the dressing room, I held up the jeans in front of me. But would I be brave enough to wear them I rarely wore jeans, let alone skinny jeans.
I slipped the jeans over my legs. They were tight, but I had gone this far, so I tried hard to pull them up to my waist. There was no way I was able to zipper those jeans. They were too tight. I tried to sit down to take off the jeans, but my knees wouldn’t bend at all. I leaned on the wall for support to take off the jeans. However, my foot got stuck, and I fell to the floor with a loud noise.
The girl called out, “Are you okay ” I looked outside and could see her walking toward my dressing room. Clearly, if I could see her, she could see me. “I’m okay,” I yelled out. “I just need a larger size.” She made a U-turn to get me another pair. I hoped that would give me time to stand up.
I figured if I could bend my right leg slightly, I’d be able to take them off. Trying hard, I couldn’t help laughing. However, my laughter was stopped by the girl’s soft voice. I tried to answer but couldn’t get the words out of my mouth without laughing. She tried to hand me the larger jeans through the bottom of the door. “Hold on, I’m coming,” I assured her as I tried to move closer to the door. “Come in,” I said.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There I was, on the floor, trapped in the jeans.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Not until I got home did I realize I had forgotten to buy a gift.
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