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七选五题型微解
题型微解1：小标题
(2023·全国甲卷)
·__1__
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “__F__” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解题流程】
(1)先理解段中每一句的句意。本段有三句话，第一句讲当我们遇到不舒服的环境，要有耐心；第二句讲安慰自己要忍受不舒服的环境；第三句讲你会逐渐变得有耐心。
(2)根据段中“outside of our comfort zone”和“become more patient”可知，本段主要让我们忍受不舒服的环境。
(3)根据段落大意和关键词语可知，C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境。
　(2022·浙江1月卷)
__1__
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进) toward a happy productive existence. __G__ Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
答案与解析
1. 答案　B
解析　本题考查段落小标题。根据其他段落主旨是祈使句可知，设空处也是祈使句。本段首句讲学习花费时间，但是总能找到节约时间的办法；第二句讲要节省时间。故本段主要讲要节省时间，因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”最适合作段落标题，故选B项。
　(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
A Few Tips for Self－Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. __B__ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
·__2__ Do not follow the people who make you feel not－good－enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
·Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. __D__ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心的) response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self－acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
答案与解析
2. 答案　F
解析　本题考查段落小标题。根据其他段落首句是祈使句可推知，设空处也是祈使句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F项“停止把自己和别人进行比较”可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
题型微解2：段首设空题
(2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
__1__. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【解题流程】
(1)设空处是段首句，段首句有可能是本段段意(此处不是)，也有可能只是和后句有联系的句子。
(2)根据小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要介绍的是在就餐时发出请求，G项符合语境。
(3)代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。下文中的this指代G项中的“a simple request”，所以答案选G项。
　(2022·全国乙卷)
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain(保持) long－distance friendships.
...
·Practise empathy(共情)
__1__. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
·__2__
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long－distance friendships. Although technology might make day－to－day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
__3__， but long－distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face－to－face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案与解析
1. 答案　G
解析　段落过渡句。该段中的“The friend who is remaining”和“the friend who has moved”分别对应选项G中的“the one who was left behind”和“the friend who left”，故选G项。
2. 答案　A
解析　段落标题句。根据语境和常识可知，“Anniversaries and birthdays”均为重要的日子，再结合该段中的“keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates”可知选A项。
3. 答案　F
解析　段落过渡句。空后“long－distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain”表示“异地友谊，即使是亲密的朋友之间，也可能需要更有意识的努力来维持”。再根据空后的but可知，空处内容应与空后内容形成转折，F项“通过社交媒体获得联系感是很容易的”符合语境。
　(2019·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” __E__ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
__4__ If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life－giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
...
__5__ While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
答案与解析
4. 答案　A
解析　段落主题句。根据空后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
5. 答案　D
解析　段落过渡句。根据空后的内容可知，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光”符合语境，D项中的“sunlight”与空后的“the sun’s rays”相呼应。
题型微解3：段中设空题
(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __1__ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【解题流程】
(1)本题考查段中设空。段中句从三个方面来考虑：和前句有联系、和后句有联系或者与前句、后句都有联系。
(2)根据上下文可知，此处应是一个过渡句，和后文联系更大。空处和后句表示“你想回顾自己的艺术之旅，就不要扔掉初学时的艺术作品”。
(3)C项和后文形成顺承关系，符合文意。故选C项。
　(2023·浙江1月卷)
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. __1__ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
答案与解析
1. 答案　E
解析　本题考查段中句。根据上文句意“很多火车一天只开一趟或者一周开三趟，错过可能是个大灾难”可知，错过带来的后果比较严重，E项“坐下一趟可能要等24个小时以上”能够承接上文。
　(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)
Emoji(表情符号) and
Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. __2__. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. __3__， encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. __4__. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
答案与解析
2. 答案　D
解析　本题考查段中句。根据前句“在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户”和后句“据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎。所以D项“这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延”符合上下文语境。故选D项。
3. 答案　A
解析　本题考查段中句。根据前句“使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图”和后半句“鼓励更好、更频繁的交流”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以A项“使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈”符合题意。故选A项。
4. 答案　G
解析　本题考查段中句。前句“在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战”中的关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond”与G项中的“all work generations”表述一致。故选G项。
题型微解4：段尾设空题
(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. __1__
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【解题流程】
(1)设空处是段尾句，段尾句从两方面来考虑：对本段的总结句和只是和前句有联系的衔接句。
(2)根据内容判断此处是对本段的总结，主要讲述不断重复练习绘画。
(3)再结合G项句意“你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆”可知，G项是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选G项。
　(2021·全国乙卷)
__F__？ If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. __1__．
And what about that other dinner－party killer: awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). __G__. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
答案与解析
1. 答案　E
解析　本题考查段尾句。本段第二句讲：不要给他们讲话的舞台，紧接着讲了如果你是主人时的具体处理方法：让他们去厨房帮忙，把他们支开，设空处应该承接上文或者与其并列。E项“或者把谈话变成他们无话可说的话题”与前文“take away their soapbox”呼应，为另一种具体的处理方法。故选E项。
　(2020·新高考Ⅲ卷)
__C__ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. __2__
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
答案与解析
2. 答案　A
解析　本题考查段尾句。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮忙打开箱子。根据常识可知，在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项“但这并不常见”与上文衔接，故选A项。

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