2024年中职高考中职英语二轮专题 冠词(61张)

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2024年中职高考中职英语二轮专题 冠词(61张)

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(共61张PPT)
电子教案《对口升学英语总复习》第一部分 基 础 知 识
第二章 冠  词
第页,共61页考点内容解读近五年对口升学考试试题统计2018年2019年2020年2021年2022年题号分值题号分值题号分值题号分值题号分值冠词定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的基本用法T21T21T11T11T21第页,共61页【分析解读】从近五年对口升学考试统计来看,冠词一般放在单项选择第1、2题进行考查。考生要熟知冠词的基本用法、习语和固定搭配,并且掌握冠词的一些灵活用法和特殊用法。第页,共61页第页,共61页冠词是放在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物的一种虚词,本身不能独立使用,主要有不定冠词a、 an,定冠词the和零冠词。一、不定冠词1.a、 an的选择用法例词/句数字前面的冠词取决于数字的首字母的发音音素an eight, a three第页,共61页续表用法例词/句a用在以辅音音素开头的可数名词前a book, a desk, a university,a European, a unit, a one eyed man,a useful thing, a UFOan用在以元音音素开头的可数名词前an apple, an egg, an hour,an honest man, an honorable task字母A、E、F、H、I、L、M、N、O、R、S、X单独出现时用anThere is an “f” in the word “five”.字母U和其余字母单独出现时,用aThere is a “u” in the word “use”.在单词“use”中有一个字母“u”。第页,共61页2. a、 an的用法用法例词/句当第一次提到某人或某物时There is a boy in the classroom. The boy is Tom. 教室里有一个男孩。 (第一次)  这个男孩是汤姆。(第二次)用在单数可数名词前,表泛指,意为“一个”或“一”There is a policeman at the door.门口有个警察。He works six days a week. 他一周工作六天。第页,共61页用法例词/句用在单数可数名词之前,表示一类人或事物中的“任何,每个”A car must be insured. 汽车一定要上保险。A tailor makes clothes. 裁缝做衣服。用在价格、速度、时间、比率等短语中表基本单位,表“每一”的概念six kilometers an hour 每小时六千米,three times a day 每天三次续表第页,共61页用法例词/句用在序数词前,表示“再一”“又一”You can try it a second time if you fail.如果你失败了,你可以再试一次。I failed three times. I'll try a fourth time.我失败了三次,我会再试一次。与专有名词连用,表示“类似”“某一个”“一个叫……的人”That city is a Venice in China.那个城市(类似)是中国的威尼斯。A John is waiting for you at the gate.一个叫约翰的人在门口等你。续表第页,共61页用法例词/句当物质名词具体化为“一(类、阵、份)”等,抽象名词具体化为“……的人或事”时Reading is a pleasure for me.阅读对我来说是一种乐趣。The meeting is a great success.会议取得圆满成功。用于视为一体的两个名词之前,意为“一副/套/只”a knife and fork一副刀叉,a table and chair一套桌椅,a watch and chain 一只带表链的表,a bow and arrow一副弓箭续表第页,共61页3. a、 an和 one 的区别区别例句a、 an表示类别、种类There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。one强调数量There is one cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。第页,共61页4. 固定短语once upon a time 从前    catch a cold 感冒       have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a stomachache 胃痛 in a rush 匆匆忙忙do sb. a favor 帮某人的忙 make a difference 有影响in a word 总之第页,共61页二、定冠词1. the的用法用法例词/句用于说话人刚提到过的人或物之前(第二次出现)I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e mail.我昨天收到了一封信,那封信是以电子邮件的形式被发送的。与名词连用,特指某个或某些特定的人或物Mother carved the meat into slices. 妈妈把肉切成了片。第页,共61页续表用法例词/句用于可数名词前,表示一类人或物,相当于不定冠词a/anThe horse is a useful animal.=A horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。用于谈话双方都知道的人或物Can you pass me the book on Lily's desk?你能把莉莉课桌上的书递给我吗?第页,共61页续表用法例词/句用于某些名词、分词或者形容词前,表示一类人,一个民族或阶层,谓语动词用复数形式the dead死者,the deaf 聋人,the rich 富人,the living 活着的人,the wounded 伤员用于形容词和副词的最高级前或有only、 very、 same、 right、 just、 last等词修饰的名词前He was the only person who was invited to the ball in his office.他是办公室里唯一一个被邀请去舞会的人。第页,共61页续表用法例词/句用于形容词和副词的最高级前或有only、 very、 same、 right、 just、 last等词修饰的名词前This is the most interesting book I have ever read.这是我所读过的最有趣的一本书。用于表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前the sun太阳,the earth 地球,the world世界第页,共61页续表用法例词/句用于序数词前,表示顺序the third group第三组,the first picture 第一幅图用在乐器名词前play the piano弹钢琴,play the flute 吹长笛与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示一家人或夫妇二人The Blacks came to China in 1994.布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。用在世纪、年代、年龄等词前in the 1980s/1980's在20世纪80年代第页,共61页续表用法例词/句用在表示身体部位的名词前,相当于物主代词take Mary by the hand=take Mary's hand 抓住玛丽的手用在表示方位的名词前in the south在南方,on the right/left 在右/左边,in the middle 在中间用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛以及由普通名词构成的表示国家、朝代、景点、报纸、杂志等专有名词前the Yangtze River长江,the Great Wall 长城,the Tang Dynasty唐朝,the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国第页,共61页2. 固定短语in the evening 在晚上   by the way 顺便问一下   at the speed of 以……的速度all the year round 一年到头on the top of 在……的顶部at the same time 同时第页,共61页三、零冠词不用冠词,称为零冠词。1. 一般用法用法例词/句物质名词、抽象名词前以及复数名词在表示一类人或物时Knowledge is like spring water underground.知识就像地下的泉水。Dogs are our friends. 狗是我们的朋友。特殊专有名词前China中国,Mary 玛丽,Peking University北京大学第页,共61页续表用法例词/句星期、月份、季节、节日、一日三餐等名词前There are four seasons—spring, summer, autumn and winter in a year. 一年有四季——春、夏、秋、冬。We often go to see a film on Sunday.我们经常周日去看电影。Tomorrow is National Day. 明天是国庆节。第页,共61页续表用法例词/句名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格修饰时this morning今天早上,my pen我的钢笔,your watch 你的手表,whose bike 谁的自行车棋牌类游戏、球类运动、学科和语言的名词前play chess下象棋,play basketball 打篮球,learn English 学英语独一无二的职位、头衔、称呼的名词前Chairman Mao 毛主席第页,共61页续表用法例词/句成对使用的词组或对称的结构中day by day天天,little by little渐渐地,step by step 逐渐地,from time to time 时不时地,hand in hand 手拉手有些一人兼多个身份的情况a teacher and writer 一个兼作家的老师by+表交通工具的名词by subway/air/ship/bus乘地铁/飞机/轮船/公共汽车第页,共61页2.特殊用法用法例词/句表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词前或表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前有形容词修饰时,要加冠词We had a very cold winter last year.去年冬天很冷。This happened on a rainy Sunday towards the end of May.这事发生在五月底的某个下雨的星期天。We hope we can see a full moon tonight.希望今晚我们能看到一轮满月。第页,共61页续表用法例词/句表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词前或表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前有形容词修饰时,要加冠词We had a good breakfast this morning.我们今早吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。He went to America in the spring of 2019.2019年春天他去了美国。传统节日前加定冠词thethe Spring Festival春节,the Mid Autumn Festival 中秋节第页,共61页续表用法例词/句语言名词后若有language,则加定冠词theMore and more people learn the Chinese language.越来越多的人学习汉语。动词短语或介词短语表示交通方式时,要加冠词take a bus/car/train乘公共汽车/汽车/火车,take the bus/car/plane 乘公共汽车/汽车/飞机,in a car 乘汽车,on a ship 乘轮船第页,共61页3. 固定短语on time准时    in time 及时    after school 放学后  in bed 卧床 at noon在中午   at night 在晚上  at weekend 在周末   on foot步行第页,共61页4.有无定冠词的意义区别无定冠词有定冠词go to school去上学go totheschool去学校go tobed上床睡觉go tothe bed去床边in class在上课in the class在教室里in front of在……前面(外部)in the front of在……前面(内部)in hospital(因病)住院inthehospital在医院第页,共61页续表无定冠词有定冠词at table吃饭at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船by the sea在海边第页,共61页(  )1. I had ________ awful dream last night because I heard ________ scary story before going to bed.A. a; aB. an; anC. an; aD. the; an【点拨】 表示泛指应用不定冠词,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,awful的发音以元音音素开头,scary的发音以辅音音素开头。句意:“我昨天做了一个噩梦因为我上床睡觉前听了一个可怕的故事。”C12345第页,共61页(  )2. I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.A. the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. a; the【点拨】 the表示特指;不定冠词用在单数可数名词,表示“一个”或“一” 。C12345第页,共61页(  )3. (2020年对口升学考试试题)It took me half ________ hour to arrive there.A. /B. aC. anD. the【点拨】 句意:“我花了半个小时才到达那里。”hour的发音以元音音素开头,其前用冠词an, half an hour半个小时。C12345第页,共61页(  )4. (2021年对口升学考试试题)He got ________ chance to act in the theater, and he became ________ actor.A. an; anB. a; anC. an; aD. a; a【点拨】 本题考查冠词。表示泛指应用不定冠词,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。B12345第页,共61页(  )5. (2022年对口升学考试试题)I had ________ big lunch at my friend's yesterday.A. aB. anC. /D. the【点拨】 本题考查冠词。have breakfast、have lunch、have supper等是固定搭配,中间不加冠词。若有一个描述性形容词时,其前可加一个不定冠词a,如a big lunch意为“一顿丰盛的午餐”。A12345第页,共61页考点1 不定冠词(  )1. I'm going to be ________ great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up.A. aB. anC. theD. /【解析】 表示泛指,应用不定冠词,a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an用在元音音素开头的单词或字母前。 great 是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前用a。A12345678910第页,共61页(  )2. It is very important to master ________ useful language in ________ European country.A. an; anB. an; aC. a; aD. a; an【解析】 useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前用a;European也是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前用a。C12345678910第页,共61页(  )3. It's not ________ good idea to drive for four hours without ________ break.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; /D. the; a【解析】 idea为单数可数名词,在句中首次提到,应用不定冠词;without a break是固定词组,意为“不休息”。A12345678910第页,共61页(  )4. Tom is going to have ________ X Ray check.A. aB. theC. anD. /【解析】 句意:“汤姆打算做一次X光检查。”字母L、M、N、S、X、H、F等单独出现时前面用an修饰。C12345678910第页,共61页考点2 定冠词(  )5. —Ling Ling, do you know ________ woman in white —Yes, she is a nurse in our hospital.A. aB. theC. /D. an【解析】 介词短语in white修饰woman,故表示特指,所以要用定冠词。B12345678910第页,共61页(  )6. Tianwen 1 probe(探测器) sent ________ first picture of Mars back to China in February, 2021.A. aB. anC. theD. /【解析】 表示顺序时序数词前用定冠词。句意:“天问一号在2021年2月把火星的第一张照片传回中国。”C12345678910第页,共61页(  )7. —Which of the two poems do you like better —________ shorter one, of course. I think it's really ________ most interesting one.A. A; theB. The; aC. The; theD. The; /【解析】 第一空特指“两首诗中较短的那一首”;第二空泛指“一首非常有趣的诗”。B12345678910第页,共61页考点3 零冠词(  )8. —Where do you usually have ________ lunch, Susan —At school.A. aB. /C. anD. the【解析】 have breakfast、 have supper、 have lunch、 have dinner等是固定搭配,中间不加冠词。但可加形容词性物主代词,如have my/his/her breakfast/lunch/supper。若有一个描绘性形容词时,其前可加一个不定冠词a,如a big breakfast 一顿丰盛的早餐。B12345678910第页,共61页(  )9. We plan to go to Hong Kong of China by ________ sea and camp by ________ sea.A. the; aB. /; theC. /; /D. a; the【解析】 by sea意为“乘船”;by the sea意为“在海边”。B12345678910第页,共61页(  )10. The sign reads “In case of ________ fire, break the glass and push ________ red button.”A. a; theB. /; theC. the; theD. the; a【解析】 句中fire为不可数名词,表类别,其前不用冠词。而the red button表示特指,以区别于其他的按钮。B12345678910第页,共61页(  )1. After eating two cakes, the children want to eat ________ third one because ________ two cakes are too small.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a【解析】 third前用不定冠词表示“又一,再一”;two表示“两个”,其前用定冠词。C123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )2. As is known to all, ________ People's Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.A. the; /B. /; theC. the; theD. /; /【解析】 the People's Republic of China 是专有名词;形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。C123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )3. We played for ________ hour in the park. It was ________ great fun!A. a; aB. an; /C. a; /D. /; a【解析】 hour的发音以元音音素开头,前面用不定冠词an;fun是不可数名词,前面通常不用冠词。B123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )4. —Do you know ________ man standing there —I only know he's from ________ European country.A. the; theB. the; anC. the; aD. a; an【解析】 第一空表示特指“站在那里的那个男人”,所以用the;第二空表示泛指“一个欧洲国家”,且European的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用a。C123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )5. As I was in ________ hurry, I asked him to come to the point.A. aB. theC. anD. /【解析】 本题考查冠词的固定搭配短语。in a hurry 是固定搭配。A123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )6. —Shall we play ________ basketball this afternoon —Good idea! Do you have ________ basketball A. the; aB. a; aC. /; /D. /; a【解析】 当球类名词表示该项运动时,前面不加the;第二空表示一个篮球,表示泛指用不定冠词。D123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )7. He took the boy by ________ hand.A. anB. /C. aD. the【解析】 “介词+the+身体部位”相当于物主代词。D123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )8. In order to find ________ better job, he decided to study ________ second foreign language.A. a; /B. /; aC. a; aD. the; a【解析】 句意:“为了找到一份更好的工作,他决定学习另一门外语。”“一份工作”表泛指,应用不定冠词a修饰; 不定冠词用在序数词前,表示“再一,又一”。C123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )9. A spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers ________ second.A. theB. anC. aD. /【解析】 不定冠词用在价格、速度、时间、比率等名词前表示基本单位,表示“每一”的概念。second在此意为“秒”。C123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )10. This is ________ story of friendship. Let's read ________ story together.A. a; anB. an; theC. an; aD. a; the【解析】 句意:“这是一个关于友谊的故事,让我们把这个故事一起读一读。”D123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )11. What ________ good news! Our school band(乐队) will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August.A. anB. theC. aD. /【解析】 本题考查零冠词的用法。news(新闻,消息)是不可数名词,由感叹句结构“What+形容词+不可数名词”可知此处不用冠词。D123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )12. France is ________ European country, and I visited ________ country three years ago.A. an; theB. a; theC. an; aD. the; the【解析】 第一个空表示泛指应用不定冠词,European的发音是以辅音音素开头的,其前用a;第二个空是特指这个国家,所以用定冠词。B123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )13. Nowadays, many young people don't like to talk on ________ phone, but like to send ________ text messages on WeChat.A. the; /B. a; theC. the; aD. a; /【解析】 表示“在电话里”用the,即on the telephone;第二空“发短信”表泛指,复数名词前不需要用the。A123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )14. Danny's grandmother is ill in ________ hospital. He'll go there to see her after ________ school.A. the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. /; /【解析】 in hospital是固定短语,意为“(生病)住院”。after school也是固定短语,意为“放学后”。D123456789101112131415第页,共61页(  )15. —What's ________ population of China —It has ________ population of 1.4 billion.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the【解析】 第一个空表示特指,应用定冠词the;第二个空表示泛指,应用不定冠词。C123456789101112131415Thank you!

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