资源简介

2023~2024学年度下学期高一年级开学收心模拟测试
英 语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案的答案序号标黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man do
A. A computer technician. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the cleaner’s.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the speakers come to Seattle
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Noodles. C. Steak.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.
第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email.
7. Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. Public Speaking. B. European History. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To sign up for his course. B. To ask for a make-up test. C. To discuss her homework.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice. B. She assigns roles to actors. C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The setting of the story. B. The decoration of the stage. C. The names of the characters.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The director. B. The editor. C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well. B. It requires team effort. C. It involves frequent travel.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value. B. It makes little sense to him. C. It appeals mainly to children.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Nervousness. C. Coldness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Green. B. Purple. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Attend an art class. B. Visit an exhibition. C. Buy an abstract painting.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A flooded river. C. A car accident.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. A police officer got hurt. B. A passenger went missing. C. The station roof was broken.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Postpone their trips. C. Follow traffic signs.
第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation.
24. The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.
A. usually has a biological basis
B. varies among people
C. is socially and culturally shaped
D. influences one’s thinking and evaluation
25. What changes can be found in an angry brain
A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.
B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour.
D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.
26. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger
A. Approaching the source of anger.
B. Trying to control what is disliked.
C. Moving away from what is disliked.
D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
27. What is the key message of the last paragraph
A. How anger differs from other emotions.
B. How anger relates to other emotions.
C. Behavioural responses to anger.
D. Behavioural patterns of anger.
C
If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.
Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.
Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.
If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.
Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.
28. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends
A. A twisted body. B. A gradual decrease in blood supply.
C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. D. A drop in blood pressure.
29. The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see________ .
A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends B. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
C. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies D. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
30. Rothschild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4________ ..
A. confirmed his assumption B. speeded up his research process
C. disagreed with his assumption D. changed his research objectives
31. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________ .
A. failed to evolve an anti decompression means
B. gradually developed measures against the bends
C. died out because of large sharks and crocodiles
D. evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it
D
Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral
Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and fleeing the British Museum to make its way back home.
The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then engages a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family.
It appears to have struck a chord in China after first being released by independent vloggers on Douyin, China’s equivalent to TikTok. By Monday evening, it had reportedly racked up more than 310 million views.
The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1500 priceless objects, including gold jewelry, semi-precious stones and glass, were missing, stolen or damaged.
In August the state media tabloid Global Times called for the return of Chinese artefacts from the museum “free of charge” in the wake of the controversy.
“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said.
⑦It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s yearning for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics”.
In a further jibe at the museum it interpreted the jade teapot’s surprise at the size of the journalist’s residence as depicting the “casual attitude of the British Museum toward Chinese cultural relics, as many of them are crammed into one cabinet for exhibition”.
State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition… We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artefacts that have been displaced overseas.”
The museum scandal made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics.
The new three-part show has unleashed a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square.
32. What excuse does Britain give for keeping other nations’ cultural objects in its museum
A. It has taken possession of these objects by all lawful means.
B. These objects may come to life, flee their countries and go viral.
C. These objects are safer and taken better care of in its museum.
D. It is requested by other nations to protect their cultural objects.
33. What does the underlined word “repatriation” (Para. 7) probably mean
A. Repair. B. Reflection. C. Return. D. Reserve.
34. Which can we infer from the passage
A. A London-based Chinese journalist has contributed a lot to the viral three-part video series.
B. The museum’s flawed management and security systems are involved in the scandal.
C. The Britain Museum is under pressure to return the cultural relics to China sooner or later.
D. China had already demanded the restoration of its cultural relics before the scandal.
35. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To appeal to Britain to return China’s cultural objects.
B. To introduce a viral video series about a fleeing jade teapot.
C. To arouse readers’ concern about Chinese cultural objects abroad.
D. To praise Chinese young people’s passion for history and tradition.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Astronauts drink their own pee (尿)—after it's been cleaned. ____36____ Many experts, though, argue that recycling pee and other waste is an excellent and safe solution when there isn't enough fresh water to go around.
____37____ All of the water that astronauts use to drink, brush their teeth, or make coffee comes out of one limited container that has to be resupplied—from Earth. To help conserve water, the waste from sinks, toilets, and even the pee from lab animals on board flows into a recycling system. First, the water goes through a series of filters(过滤器) to get rid of large particles(微粒) and impurities. Then, chemical reactions remove poisonous chemicals and kill any bacteria or viruses. ____38____
Chris Hadfield, who lived on the space station for five months, says, "Before you feel uncomfortable with the thought of drinking your leftover wash water and your leftover pee, keep in mind that the water that we end up with is purer than most of the water that you drink on a daily basis at home."
Astronauts, however, tend to be more adventurous than the average person. On Earth, cities in very dry parts of the world have attempted to introduce wastewater purification systems. ____39____ Citizens recoiled(退缩) in disgust. Despite scientific evidence that the water is clean, many people just can't get over the fact that it once flowed through a toilet. In the 1990s, activists in San Diego and Los Angeles campaigned against "toilet to tap" water. ____40____ In a survey of 2,000 Americans, 26 percent agreed with the statement: "It is impossible for recycled water to be treated to a high enough quality that I would want to use it."
A. And you wouldn't be alone.
B. And the disapproval remained strong.
C. what comes out is clean enough to drink.
D. On the International Space Station, water is a precious resource.
E. Lots of people feel sick at the thought of drinking recycled wastewater.
F. Though some of these programs have succeeded, others failed miserably.
G. Would you pick up a glass of water that's been through a wastewater cleaning system
第三部分 语言运用（共三节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids’ pool party, my heart sunk. My ____41____ sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have ____42____ as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in ____43____, but I just nut it to the back of my ____44____.
One day, one close friend ____45____ me, “Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen. So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.” Later, her words ____46____ in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart ____47____. What would Mia do if she lost her dad
____48____, I was pulled into the group. With the consultant’s explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was ____49____ to find I’d lost 6 pounds—this might actually ____50____!
With more confidence, I decided to practise swimming,____51____ one day being a body-confident dad, splashing(戏水) around ____52____ at a pool party with Mia. As I ____53____ my swimming distance, my weight loss become even ____54____. Mia loved seeing the change in me and the ____55____ shone on her face.
I’m also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
41. A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
42. A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
43. A. joy B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
44. A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder2
45. A. taught B. laughed C. asked D. warned
46. A. worked B. circled C. woke D. rose
47. A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
48. A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fairly
49. A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
50 A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
51. A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. worrying
52. A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
53. A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
54. A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
55. A. anger B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young Chinese bring hanfu to the world during Spring Festival
Young people dressed in hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group in China,___56___ (spot) in many____57____ (locate) around the world during this year’s Spring Festival holiday.
An initiative launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, ____58____ Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, invited users to upload photos or videos of themselves and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19.
The first two weeks of the initiative saw some 10,000 Xiaohongshu users share their photos ____59____ (take) from around 30 countries and regions around the world. One user even posted photos from Antarctica.
Many young Chinese people working or studying overseas also invited ____60____ (they) foreign friends to wear ____61____ (tradition) Chinese costumes to celebrate the Spring Festival together.
Hanfu, as well as other traditional forms of Chinese costume, ___62___ (experience) a surge in popularity in recent years. Clothes featuring traditional Chinese elements combined with modern designs, ___63___ are dubbed the “new Chinese style” have developed into a fashion trend among the ____64____ (young) generations not only in China, but also worldwide.
Analysts say the rise _____65_____ “China chic” reflects young Chinese people’s confidence in their own culture. Wearing Chinese-style costumes not only reflects the wearer’s Eastern temperament, but also presents Chinese aesthetics to the world.
From: chinadaily.
第四部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，“坚持面向世界科技前沿、面向经济主战场、面向国家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快实现高水平科技自立自强”，彰显出实现高水平科技自立自强在新时代新征程推进和拓展中国式现代化进程中的关键地位。假定你是李华，你学校举办科技创新节活动，学校准备选拔“科技交流小使者”(Young Ambassador for Science) ，你打算参加。请写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 竞选理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, dear judges and fellow students!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
67. Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage — I carried an 85-pounder (85磅重的南瓜) back last year.
This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost (向上), I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed (塞住) just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said, and with Jason helping to support its weight, I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed (封闭的) space.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请如下格式在相应位置作答。　
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The video was posted online the Monday before Halloween.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023~2024学年度下学期高一年级开学收心模拟测试
英 语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案的答案序号标黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man do
A. A computer technician. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: IT Department. How can I assist you
W: My computer is giving me a lot of trouble. Could you help me with it, please
M: OK, I just need to check on a couple of things.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the cleaner’s.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, I’d like to have this blouse washed and pressed.
M: OK, but I’m afraid you won’t be able to collect it until next Friday. We’ve been very busy recently.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the speakers come to Seattle
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What a journey! Air travel is more tiring than driving, I’m sure.
M: I don’t think you say that, if you’ve just driven 400 miles. Let’s come to Seattle by train next time. It’ll be more relaxing.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Noodles. C. Steak.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Could I have fried rice or noodles for dinner for a change I don’t feel like steak today.
W: I’m in a hurry. I can’t cook two different meals today. Tomorrow you can have what you want.
M: Alright.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: All well, Sophie
W: Hmm. Not great. I’m just so down with writing this report.
M: Are you almost done with it
W: Far from it. And I’ll get it represented in class tomorrow.
第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email.
7. Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Richard, why are you taking everything out of your drawer
M: I’m looking for a stamp, Sarah.
W: A stamp What do you want a stamp for
M: I’ve written a letter to Aunt Vera. And I want to put it in the post before midday.
W: Can you just email her
M: Yeah. But it’s her 70th birthday. Vera will be happy to get a real letter with a real birthday card.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. Public Speaking. B. European History. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To sign up for his course. B. To ask for a make-up test. C. To discuss her homework.
【答案】8. B 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Professor Brooks, I’m Vicky Comore in your European History class. Can I speak with you for a few minutes
M: Sure. What can I help you with
W: Well, I was sick for two weeks. So I didn’t take the midterm exam. Could you give me another test
M: Alright. You can take it next Thursday afternoon.
W: Thank you so much, Professor Brooks. Could I come to you at 3:30 after my English Literature class
M: No problem.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice. B. She assigns roles to actors. C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The setting of the story. B. The decoration of the stage. C. The names of the characters.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The director. B. The editor. C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well. B. It requires team effort. C. It involves frequent travel.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Linda, you work on plays and shows but you are not on stage. What do you do
W: I’m a costume designer. I have the actors become their characters.
M: Is it a kind of, like, playing dresser
W: A little bit. But I need to study the play to create the characters’ clothes, not just use my imagination.
M: How do you do that
W: I read the play and do research about the time and place of the story. If the story is set in the past, I might study old magazines or paintings. For plays set in now, I sometimes collect pictures of people on the street.
M: Then what do you do
W: I take my ideas and pictures to the director of the show. We talk about whether I’m on the right track. If it’s good, we will hire a tailor to make the costume.
M: Is it finished then
W: Almost. We still need to try on the actor to make sure everything fits and looks good.
M: Wow, it takes so many steps to make a costume.
W: Yes, it does. I work with lots of different people to put it all together.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value. B. It makes little sense to him. C. It appeals mainly to children.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Nervousness. C. Coldness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Green. B. Purple. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Attend an art class. B. Visit an exhibition. C. Buy an abstract painting.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi Kevin. I’ve just got back from the Art Gallery. There’s a wonderful show of abstract art. You should have come with me.
M: I don’t know. Abstract art seems like children’s painting to me.
W: Well, if you don’t understand what the artist is trying to communicate, it can seem a little like that.
M: What did you see then
W: There were two paintings that impressed me most The first is a huge one which I supposed the tree although it could have been anything.
M: What did you like about it
W: Just the way the tree looked. It was like the tree was made of hard metal, and the mix of white and gray made everything look like it was winter, freezing winter.
M: That’s something. What about the other one
W: The second looked like a piece of grassland. All the grass was purple and red, and there was green sky in the background. I looked at it and thought of summer.
M: Hmm, your description really teaches me something about appreciating abstract art. Maybe I should go and give this show a try this Saturday.
W: You really should.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A flooded river. C. A car accident.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. A police officer got hurt. B. A passenger went missing. C. The station roof was broken.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Postpone their trips. C. Follow traffic signs.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: You are watching the morning news. This is Steven Johnson. Sydney and the New South Wales coast have been hit by heavy rains. Major roads, the airport, trains and buses were all thrown behind the schedule as more than a month’s worth of rain fell in just one hour during the morning rush. All traffic into city remains very heavy. Pittwater Road is closed due to a car crash. Consider using Wicks Road instead. A police officer has been hurt assisting drivers in North Ryde. A woman is believed to have broken her leg after a tree fell on her car. The roof of Town Hall Station has fallen in, causing delays for passengers. The rain is expected to be at its heaviest from 9:00 am until 11:00 am. Today a total of up to 200 millimeters rain is being forecast, along with damaging winds of more than 90 kilometers per hours to fall. All road users are advised to reconsider the need to be on roads in such wild weather, and reschedule their day and continue on their journey after the rain stops.
第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
【点睛】
B
Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation.
24. The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.
A. usually has a biological basis
B. varies among people
C. is socially and culturally shaped
D. influences one’s thinking and evaluation
25. What changes can be found in an angry brain
A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.
B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour.
D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.
26. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger
A. Approaching the source of anger.
B. Trying to control what is disliked.
C. Moving away from what is disliked.
D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
27. What is the key message of the last paragraph
A. How anger differs from other emotions.
B. How anger relates to other emotions.
C. Behavioural responses to anger.
D. Behavioural patterns of anger.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了愤怒的危害和人在愤怒时脑电波的活动，并且最后详细阐述了进攻性愤怒和防守型愤怒的表现形式。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. ”（愤怒的具体表达方式也因生物和文化因素而因人而异。在当代文化中，愤怒的肢体表达通常被认为对社会太有害，不能容忍。我们不再使用决斗来表达愤怒，是因为人们意识到这是对他人的侮辱行为。）可推断出，愤怒的表现形式受社会和文化的影响。所以C项“is socially and culturally shaped”（是社会和文化塑造的）符合题意。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. ”（但当我们生气时，左右前额叶区域的脑电图显示不平衡，因此，我们很可能会做出反应。）可知，人在生气的时候，大脑的额叶前部区域发现不平衡的图案。所以B项“Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. ”（不平衡模式出现在前额叶区域。）符合题意。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. ”（我们越生气，就越有可能朝着我们愤怒的目标前进。这与心理学家所说的攻击性愤怒是一致的：愤怒的人靠得更近，是为了影响和控制引起他愤怒的人或情况。）可知，进攻性愤怒的特点是：我们越生气，就越想接近激怒我们的那个生气对象。所以A项“Approaching the source of anger. ”（接近愤怒的源头。）符合题意。故选A项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。文章最后一段主要说明了offensive anger（进攻性生气）和defensive anger（防御性生气）两种不同的生气形式。所以D项“ Behavioural patterns of anger”（愤怒的行为模式。）符合题意。故选D项。
C
If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.
Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.
Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.
If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.
Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.
28. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends
A. A twisted body. B. A gradual decrease in blood supply.
C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. D. A drop in blood pressure.
29. The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see________ .
A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends B. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
C. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies D. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
30. Rothschild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4________ ..
A. confirmed his assumption B. speeded up his research process
C. disagreed with his assumption D. changed his research objectives
31. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________ .
A. failed to evolve an anti decompression means
B. gradually developed measures against the bends
C. died out because of large sharks and crocodiles
D. evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了对鱼龙等海洋生物变弯曲的原因的研究。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。第一段第三句提到遭遇bend的症状是"sharp pain and a bent body"，此处bent等于twisted，意为"扭曲的，弯曲的"，故答案选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150million years．"可知Rothschild教授的研究目的是鱼龙如何适应减压问题，答案为B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite．"可知研究结果与他原本的假设相反，因此答案为C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means，they clearly did so quickly-and，most strangely，they lost it afterwards．可以推断出答案，Rothschild可能已经得出结论：鱼龙类生物未能进化出反减压器官，故选A。
D
Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral
Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and fleeing the British Museum to make its way back home.
The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then engages a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family.
It appears to have struck a chord in China after first being released by independent vloggers on Douyin, China’s equivalent to TikTok. By Monday evening, it had reportedly racked up more than 310 million views.
The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1,500 priceless objects, including gold jewelry, semi-precious stones and glass, were missing, stolen or damaged.
In August the state media tabloid Global Times called for the return of Chinese artefacts from the museum “free of charge” in the wake of the controversy.
“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said.
⑦It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s yearning for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics”.
In a further jibe at the museum, it interpreted the jade teapot’s surprise at the size of the journalist’s residence as depicting the “casual attitude of the British Museum toward Chinese cultural relics, as many of them are crammed into one cabinet for exhibition”.
State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition… We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artefacts that have been displaced overseas.”
The museum scandal made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics.
The new three-part show has unleashed a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square.
32. What excuse does Britain give for keeping other nations’ cultural objects in its museum
A. It has taken possession of these objects by all lawful means.
B. These objects may come to life, flee their countries and go viral.
C. These objects are safer and taken better care of in its museum.
D. It is requested by other nations to protect their cultural objects.
33 What does the underlined word “repatriation” (Para. 7) probably mean
A. Repair. B. Reflection. C. Return. D. Reserve.
34. Which can we infer from the passage
A. A London-based Chinese journalist has contributed a lot to the viral three-part video series.
B. The museum’s flawed management and security systems are involved in the scandal.
C. The Britain Museum is under pressure to return the cultural relics to China sooner or later.
D. China had already demanded the restoration of its cultural relics before the scandal.
35. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To appeal to Britain to return China’s cultural objects.
B. To introduce a viral video series about a fleeing jade teapot.
C. To arouse readers’ concern about Chinese cultural objects abroad.
D. To praise Chinese young people’s passion for history and tradition.
【答案】32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’ (这一丑闻暴露出大英博物馆在文物管理和安全方面的巨大漏洞，导致长期以来广为流传的“外国文物在大英博物馆得到更好的保护”的说法破灭。)”可推知，英国把其他国家的文物存放在自己的博物馆里的理由之一是，它声称这些文物在它的博物馆里更安全，能得到了更好的照顾。故选C项。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文可知，大英博物馆收藏了许多属于中国的文物，结合常识和划线词所在句“Chinese people’s yearning for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics.(中国人民渴望中国文物的repatriation。)”中“Chinese people’s yearning for”可推知，中国人民渴望着这些珍贵文物的“回归”。划线词repatriation与return同义。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The museum scandal made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. (博物馆的丑闻成为世界各地的头条新闻，并重新唤起了中国媒体早些时候要求归还中国文物的呼声。)”可知，这一次大英博物馆文物丢失和损坏的丑闻重新唤起中国媒体要求归还中国文物的呼声。由此推知，在此之前中国已经要求大英博物馆。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章标题“Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral (从大英博物馆逃跑的中国茶壶在社交媒体上走红)”和文中内容可知，本文主要介绍了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。所以“介绍一个关于逃跑的玉壶的视频系列”是文章的写作目的。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Astronauts drink their own pee (尿)—after it's been cleaned. ____36____ Many experts, though, argue that recycling pee and other waste is an excellent and safe solution when there isn't enough fresh water to go around.
____37____ All of the water that astronauts use to drink, brush their teeth, or make coffee comes out of one limited container that has to be resupplied—from Earth. To help conserve water, the waste from sinks, toilets, and even the pee from lab animals on board flows into a recycling system. First, the water goes through a series of filters(过滤器) to get rid of large particles(微粒) and impurities. Then, chemical reactions remove poisonous chemicals and kill any bacteria or viruses. ____38____
Chris Hadfield, who lived on the space station for five months, says, "Before you feel uncomfortable with the thought of drinking your leftover wash water and your leftover pee, keep in mind that the water that we end up with is purer than most of the water that you drink on a daily basis at home."
Astronauts, however, tend to be more adventurous than the average person. On Earth, cities in very dry parts of the world have attempted to introduce wastewater purification systems. ____39____ Citizens recoiled(退缩) in disgust. Despite scientific evidence that the water is clean, many people just can't get over the fact that it once flowed through a toilet. In the 1990s, activists in San Diego and Los Angeles campaigned against "toilet to tap" water. ____40____ In a survey of 2,000 Americans, 26 percent agreed with the statement: "It is impossible for recycled water to be treated to a high enough quality that I would want to use it."
A. And you wouldn't be alone.
B. And the disapproval remained strong.
C. what comes out is clean enough to drink.
D. On the International Space Station, water is a precious resource.
E. Lots of people feel sick at the thought of drinking recycled wastewater.
F. Though some of these programs have succeeded, others failed miserably.
G. Would you pick up a glass of water that's been through a wastewater cleaning system
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. C 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文属于科技说明文。本文通过介绍宇航员在太空中饮用净化后的污水来告诉我们这项工程在地球上也在开展，不过人们对此有不同的观点。
【36题详解】
上文“Astronauts drink their own pee—after it's been cleaned.(宇航员们在小便净化后会喝掉它)”，与E选项“很多人想到饮用再循环废水而感到恶心”承接自然，选项中提到的饮用在循环废水指的就是上文提到的喝净化过的尿。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文“All of the water that astronauts use to drink, brush their teeth, or make coffee comes out of one limited container that has to be resupplied—from Earth.(宇航员用来喝水、刷牙或煮咖啡的所有水都来自一个有限的容器，必须从地球上重新补给)”可知，水在国际空间站是非常珍稀的。D选项“在国际空间站，水是一种宝贵的资源。”符合文意，说明水很宝贵。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据上文“First, the water goes through a series of filters to get rid of large particles and impurities. Then, chemical reactions remove poisonous chemicals and kill any bacteria or viruses.(首先，水通过一系列过滤器去除大颗粒和杂质。 然后，化学反应去除有毒化学物质并杀死任何细菌或病毒)”可知，通过这些处理的水很干净，已经达到了饮用标准。C选项“出来的东西很干净，可以喝”符合文意，语意连贯。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“On Earth, cities in very dry parts of the world have attempted to introduce wastewater purification systems.(在地球上，世界上非常干燥地区的城市已经尝试引入废水净化系统)”和下文“ Citizens recoiled(退缩) in disgust. Despite scientific evidence that the water is clean, many people just can't get over the fact that it once flowed through a toilet. （市民们厌恶地退缩了。尽管有科学证据表明水是干净的，但许多人还是无法忘记它曾经流过厕所的事实。）”可知，有些净化水的项目遭到了失败。F选项“尽管其中一些项目取得了成功，但其他项目却惨遭失败。”符合文意。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In the 1990s, activists in San Diego and Los Angeles campaigned against "toilet to tap" water.(上世纪90年代，圣地亚哥和洛杉矶的激进分子发起了反对“厕所抽水”的运动)”可知，反对喝来自厕所的净化水的声音依然很强烈。B选项“不赞成的态度依然强烈”符合文意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids’ pool party, my heart sunk. My ____41____ sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have ____42____ as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in ____43____, but I just nut it to the back of my ____44____.
One day, one close friend ____45____ me, “Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen. So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.” Later, her words ____46____ in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart ____47____. What would Mia do if she lost her dad
____48____, I was pulled into the group. With the consultant’s explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was ____49____ to find I’d lost 6 pounds—this might actually ____50____!
With more confidence, I decided to practise swimming,____51____ one day being a body-confident dad, splashing(戏水) around ____52____ at a pool party with Mia. As I ____53____ my swimming distance, my weight loss become even ____54____. Mia loved seeing the change in me and the ____55____ shone on her face.
I’m also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
41. A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
42. A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
43. A. joy B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
44. A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder2
45. A. taught B. laughed C. asked D. warned
46. A. worked B. circled C. woke D. rose
47. A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
48. A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fairly
49. A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
50. A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
51. A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. worrying
52. A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
53. A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
54. A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
55. A. anger B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在33岁的时候体重超标，而且出现了严重的心悸状况，这也影响到了“我”和女儿的互动。在朋友的劝诫下，为了女儿，“我”开始重视体重问题，和朋友一起参加减肥小组。在取得了一点进步后，“我”燃起了成功的希望，决定练习游泳，随着游泳距离的增加， “我”的体重下降变得更加明显。女儿看到“我”的变化也感到非常骄傲。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的体重有时会妨碍我和她一起活动。A.weight体重；B.sight视力；C.height高度；D.look表情。根据“There I was, aged 33, overweight”(当时我33岁，体重超标)可知，此处是讲“我”的体重有时会妨碍“我”和她一起活动。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.escaped逃跑；B.served可作……用；C.stopped停止；D.disappeared消失。根据“like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations ”可知，此处是指这些时刻本来应被当作一种警告。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.joy快乐；B.excitement兴奋；C.curiosity好奇；D.horror恐惧。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指米娅惊恐地看着“我”。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.neck脖子；B.hand手；C.mind头脑；大脑；D.shoulder肩膀。根据“There were moments that should have served as a warning”可知，事实上“我”并没有重视这些警告，所以是把它抛在脑后。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一个好朋友警告我……A.taught教学；B.laughed大笑；C.asked询问；D.warned警告。根据“Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen.”(说真的，你是我见过的最大的你。)可知，此处是指一个好朋友警 告“我”。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的话在我脑海里盘旋。A.worked工作；B.circled盘旋；C.woke醒来；D.rose上升。根据“What would Mia do if she lost her dad ”(如果米娅失去了父亲，她会怎么样？)可知，“我”开始思考朋友说的话，所以是她的话在“我”脑海里盘旋。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我33岁，体重超标，开始出现心脏问题。A.examinations测试；B.functions功能；C.problems问题；D.researches调查。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指开始出现心脏问题。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻被拉进了小组。A.Immediately立刻；B.Calmly平静地；C.Gradually渐渐地；D.Fairly相当地。根据“So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.”(所以，从现在开始，你要和我一起去减肥世界小组。)和“What would Mia do if she lost her dad ”可知，“我”在听了朋友的话后意识到了问题的严重性，所以立刻进入了减肥小组。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.upset失落的；B.sad伤心的；C.amazed惊奇的；D.nervous紧张的。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，此处是指“我”惊讶地发现“我”减掉了6磅。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.fade away逐渐消失；B.settle down定居；C.break out爆发；D.pay off取得成功。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，在发现自己真的减下来一些体重后，“我”燃起成功的希望。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.imagining想象；B.forgetting忘记；C.admitting承认；D.worrying担心。根据“one day being a body-confident dad”可知，此处是指想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.slowly慢慢地；B.happily快乐地；C.secretly秘密地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据“splashing around”可知，此处是指快乐地嬉戏。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.observed观察；B.predicted预测；C.increased增加；D.measured测量。根据“my weight loss become even evident”可知，此处是指增加游泳距离。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.evident明显的；B.dull钝的；C.reliable可靠的；D.strange奇怪的。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”(米娅喜欢看到我的改变)可知，此处是指体重下降变得更加明显。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：米娅喜欢看到我的变化，骄傲的神情在她脸上流露出来。A.anger生气；B.anxiety焦虑；C.fear恐惧；D.pride骄傲。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”可知，米娅对“我”的改变感到骄傲。故选D。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young Chinese bring hanfu to the world during Spring Festival
Young people dressed in hanfu the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group in China,___56___ (spot) in many____57____ (locate) around the world during this year’s Spring Festival holiday.
An initiative launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, ____58____ Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, invited users to upload photos or videos of themselves and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19.
The first two weeks of the initiative saw some 10,000 Xiaohongshu users share their photos ____59____ (take) from around 30 countries and regions around the world. One user even posted photos from Antarctica.
Many young Chinese people working or studying overseas also invited ____60____ (they) foreign friends to wear ____61____ (tradition) Chinese costumes to celebrate the Spring Festival together.
Hanfu, as well as other traditional forms of Chinese costume, ___62___ (experience) a surge in popularity in recent years. Clothes featuring traditional Chinese elements combined with modern designs, ___63___ are dubbed the “new Chinese style” have developed into a fashion trend among the ____64____ (young) generations not only in China, but also worldwide.
Analysts say the rise _____65_____ “China chic” reflects young Chinese people’s confidence in their own culture. Wearing Chinese-style costumes not only reflects the wearer’s Eastern temperament, but also presents Chinese aesthetics to the world.
From:
【答案】56. were spotted
57. locations
58. a 59. taken
60. their 61. traditional
62. has experienced
63. which 64. younger
65. of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是在今年春节假期期间，在世界各地的许多地方都可以看到穿着汉服的年轻人。
【56题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在今年春节假期期间，在世界各地的许多地方都可以看到穿着汉服（中国汉族的传统服装）的年轻人。主语Young people和spot之间是被动关系，由during this year’s Spring Festival holiday可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语Young people是复数，因此空格处是were spotted。故填were spotted。
【57题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：在今年春节假期期间，在世界各地的许多地方都可以看到穿着汉服（中国汉族的传统服装）的年轻人。many后跟名词的复数，locate的名词是location，意为“地点”，复数是locations，故填locations。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1月下旬，关注中国生活方式的社交媒体平台小红书发起了一项活动，邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频。platform是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，Chinese是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动的前两周，约有1万名小红书用户分享了他们在全球约30个国家和地区拍摄的照片。句中谓语是saw，空格处用非谓语动词，photos和take之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词作后置定语，故填taken。
【60题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：许多在海外工作或学习的中国年轻人也邀请他们的外国朋友穿着中国传统服装一起庆祝春节。they和foreign friends之间是所属关系，因此空格处用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词短语foreign friends，故填their。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：许多在海外工作或学习的中国年轻人也邀请他们的外国朋友穿着中国传统服装一起庆祝春节。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语Chinese costumes，tradition的形容词是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。
62题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汉服和其他中国传统服装一样，近年来越来越受欢迎。由in recent years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，as well as连接并列的主语时，采用“就前原则”，其后的谓语动词要根据前面的主语来确定，即根据Hanfu来确定，Hanfu是不可数名词，因此空格处是has experienced，故填has experienced。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：传统中国元素与现代设计相结合的服装，被称为“新中国风”，不仅在中国，而且在全世界的年轻一代中已经成为一种时尚趋势。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Clothes是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
【64题详解】
考查比较级。句意：传统中国元素与现代设计相结合的服装，被称为“新中国风”，不仅在中国，而且在全世界的年轻一代中已经成为一种时尚趋势。根据语境，此处表示“传统中国元素与现代设计相结合的服装，被称为“新中国风”，不仅在中国，而且在全世界的年轻一代中已经成为一种时尚趋势”，“年轻一代”是younger generation，因此空格处是younger。故填younger。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：分析人士表示，“中国风”的兴起反映了中国年轻人对自己文化的信心。rise和“China chic”之间是所属关系，因此空格处用of表所属，故填of。
第四部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，“坚持面向世界科技前沿、面向经济主战场、面向国家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快实现高水平科技自立自强”，彰显出实现高水平科技自立自强在新时代新征程推进和拓展中国式现代化进程中的关键地位。假定你是李华，你学校举办科技创新节活动，学校准备选拔“科技交流小使者”(Young Ambassador for Science) ，你打算参加。请写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 竞选理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, dear judges and fellow students!
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【答案】【例文】
Good morning, dear judges and fellow students. I’m Li Hua and I am so pleased to stand here to compete for the Young Ambassador for Science.
My confidence comes from my fluent English, my rich experience and my great enthusiasm. I have been in several international camps, from which I have acquired not only knowledge and skills but also a keen awareness of the importance of science.
If accepted, I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and to spread our advanced science. I sincerely hope I can have the privilege. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，参加学校“科技交流小使者”的选拔，内容包括：1. 自我介绍；2. 竞选理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：pleased→delighted
热情：enthusiasm→passion
重要性：importance→significance
提供：offer→provide
2.句式拓展
简单句变成强调句式
原句： My confidence comes from my fluent English, my rich experience and my great enthusiasm.
拓展句：It is my fluent English, my rich experience and my great enthusiasm that my confidence comes from .
【点睛】[高分句型1] I have been in several international camps, from which I have acquired not only knowledge and skills but also a keen awareness of the importance of science. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If accepted, I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and to spread our advanced science. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句的省略)
第二节（满分25分）
67. Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage — I carried an 85-pounder (85磅重的南瓜) back last year.
This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost (向上), I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed (塞住) just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said, and with Jason helping to support its weight, I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed (封闭的) space.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请如下格式在相应位置作答。　
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer.
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The video was posted online the Monday before Halloween.
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【答案】 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Dad was summoned-less, it seemed, in expectation of practical help than to make sure he didn’t miss out on the spectacle. I heard him propose calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then that I realized she’d been filming the whole time. The video cuts before my rescue — Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undo the rubber band round my ponytail. I emerged with squash-conditioned hair, a sore chin and my nose plugged with pulp.
The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. By the end of that day, it had over 1, 000 views. People asked Mom to put it on Youtube, and by Wednesday morning we were getting 5: 00 am call from TV breakfast shows and then the international media-the video started racking up hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin ” before taking selfies with it.
【解析】
【导语】文章以南瓜为线索展开，讲述了每年万圣节作者都和弟弟妹妹去当地的一个农场，每人挑选出最大的南瓜带回家，今年作者和弟弟忘记给南瓜称重，不知道谁的最大，作者当时认为把头塞进南瓜里就能解决这个问题，但是当作者试图把头移开时，却发现头拔不出来了。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“只有五六分钟，尽管感觉时间更长。”可知，第一段可描写家人帮助作者的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者头塞进南瓜的视频在网上走红了。
2.续写线索
爸爸提议给消防队员打电话——作者意识到妈妈在拍视频——作者下巴疼痛——妈妈把视频放到网上——视频走红——作者去夏令营被认出来
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提议：propose→offer
②意识到：realize→be aware of
③获得：rack up→obtain
④认出：recognize→identify
情绪类
①疼痛的：sore→painful
【点睛】[高分句型1]“Stay tuned,” said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then that I realized she’d been filming the whole time.（it was…that…连接强调句）
[高分句型2]When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met.（when引导时间状语从句和省略关系词的定语从句）

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