外研版(2019)必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought Using language语法讲义素材

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外研版(2019)必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought Using language语法讲义素材

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Book 2Unit1情态动词讲义
Name __________
英语有四类动词:
行为动词:run, jump, make...
系动词:is, taste, sound...
助动词:be, have...
情态动词:can, may...
二.情态动词
定义
情态动词表示说话人的某种语气或情绪,比如可能,意愿,猜测,义务,需要等。
特征:有一定的词义,但不能单独作位于,后面接动词原形;没有人称和数的变化(have to除外),有些情态动词有过去式
常见的情态动词
can may will should must need (需要) dare (敢) had better (最好) used to (过去常常)
could might shall ought to have to
be able to (能够) would
情态动词的用法
情态动词+动词原形一起构成谓语
情态动词的否定形式是给情态动词后面直接加not,疑问句中将情态动词提到主语之前:
can - can not; may -- may not;
Can you speak English
(四)具体用法
要点1 be able to
共同点 否定 意义 形式
be able to 表有能力做某事 常用be unable to do 表达将来有的能力 过去式 was/ were able to do 将来时 will be able to do
can Cannot/can’t 自身具有的能力 只有过去式 could
练习:
Will you ____________ come
___________you read that sign from distance
要点2 dare
意义 否定 用法 例句
dare 情态动词 胆敢,敢于 dare not/ daren’t dare do sth I dare say ..... 我想/我敢说.... How dare you ... 你怎么敢.... She dare not go out alone at night.
dare作实义动词 Doesn’t/ don’t/ didn’t dare to do sth dare to do sth He didn’t dare to say what he thought. She doesn’t dare to go out alone at night.
要点3 have to
意义 否定
have to 必须,不得不”,是由于客观情况而“必须” don’ t have to 表示“不必”,可用于各种时态中
must 必须,强调主管看法 mustn’t 只能表示禁止做某事
have to 表示“,have to的否定形式。
must ,只有一种影视,否定形式表示禁止
例句:
I ______________learn another language.
They __________put out off the sports meeting because of the bad weather.
要点4 had better
缩写 意义 用法 否定
had better ‘d better You’d better “最好做”,主要用于表示劝告或建议 用于一般现在时或一般将来时 had better do sth 最好做某事 had better not do sth 最好不要做某事
例句:
I think you _______________________(最好去找医生看看)about your cough.
___________________________(我们最好不要光说) and let’s help them.
要点5 need/needn’t
意义 用法 否定 常见考点
need 作情态动词 “需要,有必要” need do sth need not/needn’t needn’t have done 表示没必要但是事实上做了 sb need(s) to do sth 某人需要做某事(主语与do是主动关系) sth need(s) doing /to be done 某事需要被...(主语与do是被动关系
need作实义动词 need to do sth don’t/doesn’t /didn’t need to do sth 没必要做
误区警示
用作情态动词的need常用语疑问句或否定句中,对于以need开头的疑问句的否定回答可用needn’t, 但是肯定回答用must
以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to
例句
The green beans need _________________(harvest).
My bike needs _________________(mend).
You needn’t _____________(water)the flowers,for it is going to rain.

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