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高考七选五，完形，语法填空教学设计思路
一、七选五材料分析
2019全国111卷七选五 选项分析
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, these are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance. E. Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners. （承上启下）
Do's 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.（原词复现，小标题：祈使句） A. That's what they are for. （代词回指）
Don'ts Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 C. If more information is needed, they will ask. （代词回指，相同句式）
Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. （和前面的句子有因果关系）
分析：七选五主要考察学生理解语篇意思的基础上，运用语篇的衔接连贯手段来达成语篇的衔接和连贯。所以，从知识维度是事实性的知识，认知维度是理解。我们也可以说语篇的衔接和连贯手段是概念性的知识。这些概念性知识需要学生回忆起来。那么如何运用这些概念性知识去解决语篇的衔接和连贯问题则属于程序性知识。
所以这节课学生要：
理解语篇意思。（弄清知识应用的情境）
2.回忆语篇的衔接和连贯手段。(记忆事实性知识）
3.运用语篇的衔接和连贯手段解题。（运用程序性知识）
二、完形填空
完形语篇 选项分析
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March— 41 six months out of the year. 41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.” 42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together. 45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street 52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents. 53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting 54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent 56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
"It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .” 59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
完形填空考察的是在理解语篇大意的基础上的词汇的辨析，也就是说要弄清词汇使用的语境，在进行词汇的辨析。词汇的意思要清楚才能进行准确辨析。词汇的意思是事实性知识，需要学生再认。所以完形的教学目标设定要考虑的因素是：1.要弄懂语境大意，2.要再认词汇的意思。 如何弄懂语篇的大意？如何熟悉词汇的意思？这又涉及到一些程序性知识的运用。
完形填空的教学目标设计如下：
1. 弄懂语境大意（弄清词汇使用的语境）
1.1. 查找文中关键词，句。
1.2.读懂语篇首段
1.3.读懂语篇的尾段
2.词义辨析（词汇意思用法的辨析）
2.1. 回忆熟悉词汇的意思
2.2.查字典确认生词意思
三、语法填空
填空语篇 答案分析
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. 61. so(副词） 62. to get（非谓语动词）
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. 63. of（介词） 64. who（关系代词） 65. recommended（谓语动词）
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals. petition（名词） 67. traditional（形容词） 68. hugely（副词） 69. were invited（谓语动词） 70. listening（非谓语动词）
语法填空考察的是在理解语篇意思的前提下，进行语法知识的运用。所以解题时，一是要弄懂语篇的意思，二是要运用语法知识。语法知识是概念性知识，如何运用概念性知识解题则涉及到程序性知识。所以语法填空的教学设计如下：
弄懂语篇意义（弄懂语法知识运用的语境）
再认语法知识（回忆语法知识）
运用语法知识（用语法知识解题）

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