资源简介

高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化
中国艺术 京剧（素材+语法填空+书面表达）
第一部分 话题素材积累
Included on UNESCO's World Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010, Beijing opera of China is a national treasure with a history of over 200 years. Its main tones originated from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei respectively.
2010年，京剧被联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产名录，是享有200多年历史的国宝。其主要腔调分别来源于安徽的西皮和湖北的二黄。
Over the past hundreds of years, the roles of Beijing opera have been simplified to today's Sheng,Dan,Jing and Chou,known as the four major roles in Beijing opera.
几百年来，京剧的角色被简化为今天的“生、旦、净、丑”，即京剧中的四大角色。
Beijing opera presents dramatic plays and figures mainly by infusing four artistic methods:singing, dialogue, dancing and martial arts. Singing is used to intensify the appeal of the art by all kinds of tones. Dialogue, which is full of musical and rhythm sensations, is the complement of singing. Dancing refers to the body movements requiring high performing skills. Martial arts are the combination and transformation of traditional Chinese combat exercises and dances.
京剧主要通过融合四种艺术手段来搬演剧本和塑造人物：唱念做打。唱是通过各种腔调来增强艺术的感染力。念是对唱的补充，充满了音乐感和节奏感。做是一种需要高超技巧的身体动作。打是中国传统武术与舞蹈的结合和转化。
There are many famous masters in China who are good at performing Beijing opera. Among them, the Four Famous Dans-Mei Lanfang,Cheng Yanqiu,Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng-are the most well-known at home and abroad.
中国有许多著名的京剧表演大师。其中，著名旦角有四位－梅兰芳、程砚秋、尚小云、荀慧生－他们蜚声海内外。
Today,Beijing opera is regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China and has also spread to other countries. It serves as a bridge through which the traditional Chinese culture is introduced to other parts of the world.
今天，京剧被视为中国的文化瑰宝之一，并已传播到其他国家。它是中国传统文化走向世界的桥梁。
Words and Expressions
① respectively adv.分别地
② simplify vt.简化
③ infuse vt.使具有；注入
④ martial arts 武术
⑤ intensify vt.加强；增强
⑥sensation n.感觉；感知
⑦ complement n.补充
⑧ combat n.战斗；搏斗
⑨京剧 Beijing opera
⑩京剧流派 schools of Beijing opera
刀马旦 young female warriors
青衣 main female roles; Tsing Yi
世界非物质文化遗产名录 the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List
第二部分 话题语法填空
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the story goes, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1636 AD-1912 AD) became 1_________ (interest) in the local drama during his inspection of the Southern China in disguise(伪装）．To celebrate his 80th birthday in 1790, he 2_________ (order) opera groups from different 3 _________(area) of China to perform for him in Beijing. After the celebration, four famous groups from Anhui province were asked to stay,for audiences were particularly satisfied 4_________ their beautiful melodies(旋律），colorful costumes and interesting facial makeup.
5_________（gradual) it replaced Kunqu opera, which had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in Beijing. Later, some groups from Hubei province came to Beijing 6_________often performed together with the Anhui groups. The two types of singing blended on 7_________same stage and gave birth to a new type 8 _________was known as Beijing opera.
Beijing opera absorbed various elements of its forerunners, such as singing, dancing and acrobatics(杂技），and adapted 9_________（it) in language and style of singing to cater to Beijing audiences. With time 10_________（go) by, it spread all over the country, becoming the most popular drama in China. Furthermore, Beijing opera has influenced Chinese drama greatly.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peking Opera, also known as jingju in Chinese, 1 (list) as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.
Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form 2 (date) back to 1790, when the famous Four Opera Troupes first came to Beijing and it began to 3 (formal) take shape in about 1840. A popular Chinese saying sums up the strict training required for Peking Opera: “One minute of 4 (perform) requires 10 years of practice”. The highly stylized ancient Chinese art form, 5 a history of more than 200 years, 6 (combine) music, dance, drama, and martial arts.
“Many teenagers are 7 (familiar) with pop music, movies and computer games than the students at the Beijing Opera Art’s College, who practice 8 ancient art form every day and will grow into professional performers. They will keep traditional Chinese operas alive,” says Wang Guo, a Peking Opera teacher.
Wang was also trained at the Beijing Opera Art’s College and then furthered her study at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts, 9 she graduated from in 2020.“It takes so long to train and it is difficult to achieve fame, but 10 (know) that we are keeping a unique tradition alive is what drives us,” she says.
第三部分 话题写作
假定你是李华，想邀请在中国留学的英国好友Peter观看京剧表演，但Peter不在家。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.你到Peter家的目的；2.介绍京剧；3.询问什么时候方便，再约时间观看。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：精华 quintessence
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
话题语法填空
一、
interested 2. ordered 3. areas 4. with 5. Gradually
and 7. the 8. which/that 9. itself 10. going
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧产生的历史渊源。
【答案解析】
1.interested 考查形容词。本空作表语，表“感兴趣的”，应填形容词interested.
2.ordered 考查动词时态。讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。
3.areas 考查名词复数。area此处意为“地区”，是可数名词，由空前different提示可知，此空应用名词复数，表示“不同的地区”。
4.with 考查介词。be satisfied with sth.为固定表达，意为“对某事满意”。
5.Gradually 考查副词。作状语，修饰句子，应用副词。
6.and 考查连词。句意：后来，湖北的一些剧团来到北京并经常与安徽的剧团一起表演。根据句意可知，空前后成分之间为并列关系。
7.the 考查冠词。形容词same通常与定冠词the连用，表“相同的”。
8.which/that 考查定语从句关系代词。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为a new type,指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which或that.
9.itself 考查代词。此处是说京剧调整自己的语言和演唱风格以迎合北京的观众。主语 Beijing opera 与adapted的宾语指同一事物，所以用反身代词。
10.going 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，time与go by之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用动词－ing形式作宾补。
二、
1．was listed 2．dating 3．formally 4．performance 5．with 6．combines 7．more familiar 8．the 9．which 10．knowing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国影响力最大的戏曲剧种——京剧。
1．考查时态语态。句意：2010年，京剧被联合国教科文组织列为人类非物质文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 2010”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“Peking Opera”，单数，和动词“list”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was listed。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧是一种纯粹的中国戏剧形式，可以追溯到1790年，当时著名的四大剧团首次来到北京，大约在1840年开始正式形成。非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“Chinese opera form”和动词短语“date back to”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填dating。
3．考查副词。句意：京剧是一种纯粹的中国戏剧形式，可以追溯到1790年，当时著名的四大剧团首次来到北京，大约在1840年开始正式形成。修饰动词短语“take shape”用副词形式。故填formally。
4．考查名词。句意：中国有句俗语概括了京剧的严格训练：“台上一分钟，台下十年功”。分析句子成分可知，空处为介词之后的宾语，用名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数，故填performance。
5．考查固定短语。句意：这种高度风格化的中国古代艺术形式，有200多年的历史，结合了音乐、舞蹈、戏剧和武术。固定短语：with a history of，意为“拥有……的历史”，符合句意。故填with。
6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种高度风格化的中国古代艺术形式，有200多年的历史，结合了音乐、舞蹈、戏剧和武术。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“The highly stylized ancient Chinese art form”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填combines。
7．考查比较级。句意：与京剧艺术学院的学生相比，许多青少年更熟悉流行音乐、电影和电脑游戏，而京剧艺术学院的学生每天都在练习这门古老的艺术形式，并将成长为专业表演者。根据下文的“than”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填more familiar。
8．考查冠词。句意：与京剧艺术学院的学生相比，许多青少年更熟悉流行音乐、电影和电脑游戏，而京剧艺术学院的学生每天都在练习这门古老的艺术形式，并将成长为专业表演者。修饰名词单数“ancient art form”，表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。
9．考查定语从句。句意：她还曾在北京戏曲艺术学院接受培训，然后在中国戏剧艺术学院继续深造，并于2020年毕业。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts”，在非限制性定语从句中担当宾语，用which引导。故填which。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：她说“训练需要很长时间，成名也很困难，但知道我们在保留一项独特的传统是我们的动力。”非谓语动词担当主语，表示主动关系，用动名词形式。故填knowing。
话题写作
One possible version:
Dear Mr.Smith,
I'm writing on behalf of our calligraphy club to invite you to come to the Student Activity Center for some activities with us from 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. this weekend.
As an important part of traditional Chinese culture,calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of lines. Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters, but also it's a unique art form to purify our souls. You will enjoy a lecture about Chinese calligraphy and appreciate masterpieces of some celebrities.After that, you will be exposed to some hands-on activities.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua

展开更多......

收起↑