Unit 1 What's the matter知识点课件(共53张PPT)人教版英语八年级下册

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Unit 1 What's the matter知识点课件(共53张PPT)人教版英语八年级下册

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(共53张PPT)
Unit 1 What's the matter
核心短语
Section A
1.have a cold/fever/cough 感冒/发烧/咳嗽
2.have a stomachache/toothache/headache胃痛/牙痛/头痛
3.have a sore back/throat 背痛/嗓子痛
4.take one's temperature 量体温
5.sound like 听起来像
6.lie down 躺下
重点短语句型
7.see a dentist 看牙医
8.get an X-ray 拍X光片
9.take breaks=take a break 休息
10.in the same way 以同样的方式
11.next to 在……旁边;紧挨着
12.shout for help 大声呼救
13.get off/on 下/上车
14.expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
15.to one's surprise
使……惊讶的是;出乎……的意料
16.agree to do sth. 同意做某事
17.thanks to 多亏;由于
18.in time 及时
19.right away 立即;马上
20.get into (trouble) 陷入(困境)
21.fall down 突然倒下;跌倒
Section B
1.have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
2.be interested in 对……感兴趣
3.be used to习惯于……;适应于……
4.take risks=take a risk 冒险
5.lose/save one's life丧命/挽救某人的生命
6.because of 因为
7.in a dangerous/difficult situation处于危险的境地/困境
8.run out (of) 用尽;耗尽
9.be (not) ready to do sth.(没有)准备好做某事;(不)愿意做某事
10.cut off 切除
11.so that 以便;因此
12.get out of 离开;从……出来
13.be in control of 掌管;管理
14.so...that... 如此……以至于……
15.make a decision 做决定
16.life or death 生死攸关
17.give up 放弃
18.keep on doing sth. 继续(或坚持)做某事
重点句型
Section A
1.What's the matter 怎么了?
2.You should drink some hot tea with honey.
你应该喝些加蜂蜜的热茶。
3.You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要离开电脑去休息。
4.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果明天你的
头和脖子还痛,那么就去看医生。
5.The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 司机看见一位老人
正躺在马路边。
6.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking
twice.
24岁的公共汽车司机王平没有多想便停下了公共汽车。
7.But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但是使他惊讶的是,他们
(乘客们)都同意和他一起去。
8.Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors
in time.
多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。
Section B
1.As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者,阿伦习
惯于冒险。
2.Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too
much blood.
然后,他用左臂给自己绑上绷带,以便不会失血过多。
3.His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing
mountains even after this experience. 他如此酷爱登山,以至于即使在这次经历之
后他还继续登山。
第一课时 Section A(1a-2d)
1.What's the matter 怎么了?
【探究】 matter 作名词,意为“问题;事情”。“What's the matter (with sb.) ”
意为“(某人)怎么了?”,是人与人之间的关切用语,也是医生询问病情的一般用
语。同义句型:
What's the trouble (with sb.)
What's wrong (with sb.)
What's one's trouble
要点讲解
________ the matter ______ Jim
吉姆怎么了?
=What's the ________ with Jim
=What's _______ with Jim
=What's Jim's ________
What's
with
trouble
wrong
trouble
【拓展】 matter作动词,意为“事关紧要;要紧”。
—Sorry, I'm late because of a traffic jam.
抱歉,因为交通堵塞,我迟到了。
—It doesn't _______. 没关系。
matter
2.I have a cold. 我感冒了。
【探究】 have a cold意为“感冒”,相当于catch a cold。
My mom ___________ ___ _____ yesterday.
我妈妈昨天感冒了。
【拓展】 表达身体不适的短语或句型
(1)have a cold/fever/cough 感冒/发烧/咳嗽
Mary has ___ bad _______.
玛丽咳嗽得厉害。
(2)have a stomachache/toothache/headache
胃痛/牙痛/头痛
had/caught
a
cold
a
cough
(3)have a sore back/throat/leg
背痛/喉咙痛/腿痛
I _____ a _____ back yesterday.
昨天我背痛。
(4)身体部位+hurt(s)
My head/foot/back ______ badly.
我的头/脚/背疼得厉害。
had
sore
hurts
【辨析】 sore、ache与hurt
sore作形容词,常置于表示身体部位的名词前,如a sore back/throat/leg(背/喉咙/腿
痛)。
ache作名词,常与表示身体部位的名词合成新的名词,意为 “……痛”,如
_____________(胃痛);__________(牙痛);__________(头痛)。
hurt 作动词,意为“(使)疼痛;受伤”,主语通常是具体的身体部位;还可意为“使受
伤”,主语通常是人。
Did you ______ _________
你伤着自己了吗?
3.She talked too much yesterday and didn't drink enough water.
stomachache
toothache
headache
hurt
yourself
昨天她讲话太多,而且没有喝足够的水。
【探究】 (1)too much意为“太多”,在此处表示程度,作状语,修饰动词talk。
It's bad for your eyes to play computer games ____ _______.
电脑游戏玩得太多对你的眼睛有害。
【辨析】 too much、too many 与much too
too much意为“太多”,修饰动词或不可数名词。too many意为“太多”,修饰可数名
词复数形式。much too意为“太”,修饰形容词或副词。
There is ____ _______ noise on the playground. 操场上有太多噪声。
___________ books are in his room.
他的房间里有太多的书。
He ran _______ ____ fast. I couldn't catch up with him.
他跑得太快了。我追不上他。
too
much
too
much
Too
many
much
too
(2)enough作形容词,意为“足够的;充足的;充分的”,修饰名词,通常放在名词之
前。
We have ________ _____ to read this book.
我们有充足的时间去阅读这本书。
enough作副词,意为“足够地;充足地;充分地”,修饰形容词或副词,通常放在被
修饰词之后。
You should be ________ ________ when you have a test. 考试的时候你应该足够
仔细。
Mary swims quickly ________.
玛丽游得足够快。
enough
time
careful
enough
enough
4.I was making dinner just now and I cut myself. 我刚才在做晚饭,割到了自己。
【探究】 cut oneself 意为“割到自己”,myself 为反身代词。
One boy hurt ________ in P.E. class.
一个男孩在体育课上伤到了自己。
5.You should drink some hot tea with honey. 你应该喝些加蜂蜜的热茶。
【探究】 some hot tea with honey意为“加蜂蜜的热茶”,此处with honey作后置
定语,修饰some hot tea;with为介词,意为“带有”。
This family lives in a big house ______ a beautiful garden.
这家人住在一栋带有漂亮花园的大房子里。
himself
with
【拓展】 with的反义词是without,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
We would lose the match ________ ______ _____.
如果没有你的帮助,我们就会输掉比赛。
I think I sat in the same way for too long without ________(move). 我想我
以同样的姿势一动不动地坐了太久了。
6.You need to. .take breaks away from the computer. 你需要离开电脑去休息。
【探究】 (1)need的用法
①作情态动词,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中。
Parents ________ worry. 家长们不必担心。
without
your
help
moving
needn't
【注意】 由need引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或have to,否定回答常用
needn't;由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must,否定回答常用needn't或
don't have to。
—Need I do the cleaning right away
—Yes, you _____________./No, you ________.
—Must Susan be back home by 10 o'clock
—Yes, she ______./No, she _____________________.
must/have to
needn't
must
needn't/don't have to
②作实义动词,后面接名词、代词或动词不定式。
The boy _______ help. 这个男孩需要帮助。
Today I don't ______ ___ ______ the house.
今天我不需要打扫房子。
—Do you need to have dinner
你需要吃晚饭吗?
—Yes, I ____./No, I ______.
是的,我需要。/不,我不需要。
needs
need
to
clean
do
don't
(2)take breaks/a break (away from...)意为“(离开……)去休息”。break作
可数名词,意为“间歇;休息”。
There is a ten-minute _______ between the classes. 课间有10分钟的休息时间。
Don't sit there too long. You need to _____ _______ ______ from work.
不要在那里坐太久。你需要离开工作去休息。
7.I think you should lie down and rest.
我想你应该躺下休息。
【探究】 (1)lie作动词,意为“躺;平躺”。
lie down意为“躺下”。
break
take
breaks
away
【拓展】 lie的不同含义及词形变化
lie 词性 词义 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
动词 躺;平躺 lying lay lain
说谎 lying lied lied
名词 谎言 复数:lies 常用短语:tell a lie/lies 说谎
My brother ____ on the bed and read.
我的弟弟躺在床上看书。
I am ______ on the sofa and listening to music. 我正躺在沙发上听音乐。
His parents were angry because he _____ ____ to them.
他的父母生气了,因为他对他们说谎了。
(2)rest既可作动词也可作名词,意为“放松;休息”。have/take a rest意为“休息”。
lay
lying
told
lies
8.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果明天你的
头和脖子还痛,那么就去看医生。
【探究】 if作连词,意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,从句中谓语动词用一般现在
时表将来。
If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们将会待在家里。
rains
第二课时 Section A(3a-3c)
1.The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
司机看见一位老人正躺在马路边。
【探究】 see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。
Mrs.Wang saw the students ________ books when she came into the classroom.
王老师走进教室时看见学生们正在读书。
reading
【辨析】 see sb. doing sth.与see sb. do sth.
see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”,表示看到的动作正在进行。
see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做了某事”,表示看到某事发生的全过程。
I see him _______ his homework.
我看见他正在做他的家庭作业。
I see him ____ his homework.
我看见他做了他的家庭作业。
【拓展】 类似用法的动词还有watch、notice、hear等。
doing
do
2.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking
twice.
24岁的公共汽车司机王平没有多想便停下了公共汽车。
【探究】 (1)24-year-old为复合形容词,意为“24岁的”,作定语。 其结构为“基
数词-名词单数-形容词”,如a 30-foot-deep river(一条30英尺深的河)。
【拓展】 “基数词+year(s)+old”作表语,意为“……岁”。
I don't think the ___________ man is really 80 ______ old.
我认为这个80岁的男人不是真的80岁。
(2)without thinking twice
①without作介词,意为“没有”,后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
As we all know, nothing can be learned ________ hard work.
众所周知,不努力什么也学不会。
②think twice 再三考虑
When he heard someone _________ for help, he jumped into the river
________ _________ ______. 当他听到有人求助的时候,没有多想就跳进了河里。
80-year-old
years
without
shouting
without
thinking
twice
3.He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next
bus.
他期望大多数或者所有乘客下车等待下一辆公共汽车。
【探究】 expect 为动词,意为“期待;预料”。常见搭配:
expect to do sth. 期望做某事
expect sb.(not) to do sth. 期望某人(不)做某事
Parents all _______ their children ___ ______ hard nowadays.
现在父母都期待他们的孩子努力学习。
【拓展】 表示“期望”的其他短语
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事
look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
expect
to
study
4.But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但是使他惊讶的是,他们
都同意和他一起去。
【探究】 (1)to one's surprise意为“使……惊讶的是;出乎……的意料”。
________ _________, he refused to play soccer with us. 使我们惊讶的是,他拒
绝和我们一起踢足球。
【辨析】 surprise、surprised与surprising
surprise 作名词,意为“惊奇;惊讶”;作动词,意为“使吃惊”。
surprised为形容词,意为“惊奇的;感觉意外的”,常用来修饰人。
surprising为形容词,意为“令人吃惊的”,常用来修饰物。
What ___ big _________! 太惊喜了!
The results might _________ you.
结果可能会使你吃惊。
I will feel __________ when I see something ___________. 当看到一些令人吃惊
的事情时,我会感到惊奇。
To
our
surprise
a
surprise
surprise
surprised
surprising
(2)agree为动词,意为“同意”。常见搭配:
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人(的观点)
agree on sth. 就某事达成一致意见
My father agreed ___ _____ me a book.
我的爸爸同意给我买一本书。
I completely agree ______ you.
我完全同意你的观点。
They agree ____ this question.
他们就这个问题达成一致意见。
to
buy
with
on
5.Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors
in time.多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。
【探究】 thanks to 是固定搭配,意为“多亏;由于”,其后接名词、代词或动词-
ing形式。
Thanks ___ your help, I got good grades in the exam. 多亏了你的帮助,我在考
试中取得了好成绩。
________ to that job, I began to take a great interest in reading. 多亏了那份工
作,我开始对阅读产生巨大的兴趣。
【拓展】 thanks for意为“因……而感谢”,其中thanks相当于thank you,介词for 强
调感谢的原因。
Thanks/Thank you ____ _______ me about that. 谢谢你告诉我那件事。
to
Thanks
for
telling
6.Because they do not want to get into trouble. 因为他们不想惹上麻烦。
【探究】 trouble作名词,意为“问题;苦恼”。常见搭配:
get into trouble 陷入困境;惹上麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth.
=have difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.
做某事有困难
be in trouble处于困境中
The boy ____ _____ trouble when he swam.
男孩在游泳时陷入了困境。
He has trouble _______ care of his child.
他在照顾小孩方面有困难。
We should help people who are __________.
我们应该帮助处于困境中的人。
got
into
taking
in
trouble
【拓展】 trouble 作动词,意为“使烦恼;打扰”。
Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。
第三课时 Section A(Grammar Focus-4c)
1.情态动词should的用法
should为情态动词,意为“应当;应该”,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。
(1)句式结构
句式 结构
陈述句 肯定句 主语+should+动词原形+其他.
否定句 主语+should not/shouldn't+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句 Should+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+should.
否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn't.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词组+should+主语+动词原形+其他?
We _______ get up early and go to bed early. 我们应该早起早睡。
Students __________ copy others' homework.
学生不应该抄袭其他人的家庭作业。
—________ I go to the hospital
我应该去医院吗?
—Yes, _____ _______./No, ______________.
是的,你应该。/不,你不应该。
When _______ teenagers ____ home
青少年应该什么时候回家呢?
should
shouldn't
Should
you
should
you
shouldn't
should
go
(2)基本用法
用法 示例
表示劝告、建 议 When you cut yourself, you __________ to the hospital. 当你割
到自己的时候,你应该去医院。
表示推测、判 断 I guess Mr. Wang __________ in the office now.我猜测王先生现
在应该在办公室。
表示责任、义 务 Teenagers _______ ______ hard.
青少年应该努力学习。
表示情感,如 惊讶、赞叹、 不满…… ______ _______ I spend my time on her She did nothing for
me.
我为什么要在她身上花费时间呢?她什么都没有为我做。
should
go
should
be
should
study
Why
should
2.反身代词
oneself为反身代词,表示反射或强调,意为“本身;本人”,为加强语气也译为“亲自;
自己”。
(1)基本形式
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
(2)基本用法
句法作用 示例
作宾语 enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself (to...)
自行取用(食物、饮料等)
dress oneself自己穿衣服
teach oneself=learn by oneself自学
hurt oneself伤到自己
introduce oneself介绍自己
look after oneself照顾自己
say to oneself自言自语
for oneself 为了自己;亲自
by oneself 独自地
作同位语 Mr.Green ________ is a teacher.
格林先生本人是一名教师。
You'd better ask Jenny _______.
你最好问问珍妮本人。
作表语 Just be _________. 做你自己。
I don't feel _______ today.
我今天感到不太舒服。
himself
herself
yourself
myself
续表
第四课时 Section B(1a-2e)
1.Someone felt sick. 有人生病了。
【探究】 sick 作形容词,意为“生病的;有病的”。
【辨析】 sick与ill
sick既可放在名词前作定语,也可放在系动词后作表语;ill 只能放在系动词后作表语。
He is ___/_____ in bed.
他卧病在床。
She is taking care of her _____ kid.
她正在照顾她生病的孩子。
ill
sick
sick
2.Someone got hit on the head.
有人头部被撞到了。
【探究】 在本句中,get作系动词;hit为动词,过去分词为hit。两者构成被动结构,
强调某一动作的发生。类似用法还有get hurt、get sunburned、get dressed等。
You might get ___________ if you stay in strong sunlight for a long time. 如果
在强烈的阳光下待得太久,你可能会被晒伤。
sunburned
3.have problems breathing 呼吸有困难
【探究】 have problems (in) doing sth.
=have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.
做某事有困难
I have problems _________________ English grammar.
我学习英语语法有困难。
studying/learning
4.As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。
【探究】(1)be/get used to sth./doing sth.意为“习惯于某事/做某事”,其中to作介
词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
Jim _______ ______ ___ the life in the countryside. 吉姆习惯于乡村的生活。
I am the only child in my family, so I am used to _______ things by myself.
我是家里唯一的孩子,所以我习惯了独自做事情。
(2)take risks/a risk 冒险
You can't get rich without _______ ______.
人不冒险不富。
is/gets
used
to
doing
taking
risks
5.There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
有很多次, 阿伦差点儿因为事故丧命。
【辨析】 because of与because
because of 是介词短语,意为“因为”,其后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式;because
为连词,意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。
He was absent from school today ________ ___ his illness.
他今天没上学,因为他生病了。
=He was absent from school today ________ he was ill.
because
of
because
6.But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to
save his own life. 但是当他的水喝完时,他知道他不得不做些事情来挽救自己的生
命。
【辨析】 run out与run out of
run out 意为“用尽;耗尽”,是不及物动词短语,其后不能跟宾语,主语通
常是物,如time、money、food等
run out of 意为“用尽;耗尽”,是及物动词短语,其后可跟宾语,主语通常是人
His money _____ _____.
他的钱花完了。
=He _____ _____ ___ his money.
ran
out
ran
out
of
7.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 所以他用刀切除了他的一半
右臂。
【探究】 cut off意为“切除”,是“动词+副词”型结构。宾语是名词时可放在动词与
副词之间或副词之后;宾语是人称代词时只能放在动词与副词之间。
Mrs.Kreutz cut off a big piece of meat and began to cook it.
克鲁兹夫人切下一大块肉开始烹饪。
=Mrs.Kreutz ____ a big piece of meat ____ and began to cook it.
He had to cut ___ off.
他不得不把它切下来。
【拓展】 cut的相关短语
cut up ______ cut down______
cut sth. into pieces ________________
cut
off
it
切碎
砍倒
把……切成碎片
8.Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too
much blood. 然后,他用左臂给自己绑上绷带,以便不会失血过多。
【探究】 so that意为“以便;因此”,引导目的 状语从句,从句中谓语常用情态动
词may/might、can/could、should、would 等。so that 还可引导结果状语从句,意
为“因此;所以”,从句中谓语动词的时态与主句时态一致。
I read more books ____ _____ I ______ catch up with my classmates.
我读了更多的书,以便能赶上我的同学。
I read more books ____ _____ I ________ up with my classmates.
我读了更多的书,所以赶上了我的同学。
9.In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of
being in control of one's life.
so
that
could
so
that
caught
在这本书中,阿伦讲述了做出正确的决定和掌管自己的人生的重要性。
【探究】 (1)decision作可数名词,意为 “决定;抉择”。常见搭配:
make decisions/a decision 做决定
make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth.决定去做某事
Jack ______ ___ _________ to stay at home.
杰克决定待在家里。
=Jack ________ ___ stay at home.
(2)be in control of 意为“掌管;管理”,主语通常是人。
He wants to be ___ ________ ___ his own life.
他想要掌管自己的人生。
【拓展】 out of control 失去控制
made
a
decision
decided
to
in
control
of
10.His love for mountain climbing is. .so. .great that he kept on climbing
mountains even after this experience. 他如此酷爱登山,以至于即使在这次经历之
后他还继续登山。
【探究】 (1)so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,so后接形容词或副词,that
引导结果状语从句。在否定句中可与too...to...结构互相转换。
He is ____ old _____ he can't work.
他太老了,不能工作了。
=He is ____ old ___ work.
(2)keep on doing sth.
继续(或坚持)做某事
It is a good idea to keep on doing morning exercises. 坚持做早操是一个好主意。
so
that
too
to
11.Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains
today. 在这次事故之后阿伦没有放弃,并且现在继续登山。
【探究】 give up 意为“放弃”,可单独使用,也可后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
它是“动词+副词”型结构。宾语是人称代词时只能放在动词与副词之间。
It is good for you to give up _________.
戒烟对你有好处。
This plan is not good enough, so we have to give ___ up.
这个计划不够好,所以我们不得不放弃它。
smoking
it
第五课时 Section B(3a-Self Check)
What happened 发生了什么事?
【探究】 (1)happen为动词,意为“发生;出现”,多指偶然事件(车祸、摔倒等),
无被动语态。sth. happen(s) to sb. 意为 “某人发生某事”。
What happened ___ you 你发生什么事了
(2)happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
I __________ ___ meet a friend of mine on the street yesterday.
昨天我在街上碰巧遇见了我的一位朋友。
to
happened
to
【拓展】 take place是happen的同义词组,多指计划中的事件(奥运会、典礼等),
无被动语态。
Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. 在
过去的十年间我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

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