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泸县五中高2022级高二下期开学考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题（100分）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．How hungry they feel. B．Where they’ll have lunch. C．What food they want to order.
2．Who might have received a physical checkup
A．Jenny. B．Phoebe. C．Martin.
3．Where does the woman want to go
A．Korea. B．Canada. C．China.
4．Why has the man come a long way to see the woman
A．To have an interview. B．To ask about a lawyer. C．To register an advertisement.
5．What has Dennis decided to do
A．Start a new company. B．Stay with his parents. C．Live independently.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段对话，回答以下6-7小题。
6．How can the woman’s moves be improved
A．They need to be faster. B．They need to be more skillful .C．They need to be more powerful.
7．What is the man doing
A．Competing with the woman. B．Learning from the woman. C．Teaching the woman.
听第7段对话，回答以下8-9小题。
8．Why is the woman trying to find a library
A．To study there. B．To borrow books. C．To find some information.
9．How long is the National Library open on weekends
A．11 hours. B．12 hours. C．14 hours.
听第8段对话，回答以下10-12小题。
10．Why does Tom like watching the TV series Heartland
A．Due to the peaceful lifestyle. B．Because of the touching plots.
C．Owing to the exciting story.
11．What does Tom think of his grandparents’ life
A．It’s tough. B．It’s boring. C．It’s simple.
12．What does the man recommend the woman do
A．Eat safe and health y food. B．Experience a different life. C．Keep some animals and plants.
听第9段对话，回答以下13-16小题。
13．When will the man’s class start
A．At 2:15. B．At 2:45. C．At 3:00.
14．What is the man’s major
A．Marketing. B．Spanish. C．Journalism.
15．How does the man feel about studying abroad
A．Quite embarrassed. B．Generally satisfied. C．Terribly disappointed.
16．What difficulty does the man fail to overcome
A．Cooking by himself. B．The language barrier. C．Homesickness.
听下面一段独白，回答以下17-20小题。
17．What is the talk mainly about
A．What to do to protect animals. B．Whether to keep animals in zoos.
C．How to improve zoos’ environment.
18．What do scientists of Group A suggest
A．Allowing wild animals to be killed.
B．Protecting animals in a well-founded area.
C．Teaching people more about wild animals.
19．What do scientists of Group B say about modern zoos
A．They do harm to animals. B．They are poorly founded.
C．They can give animals protection.
20．What is the speaker
A．A scientist. B．A teacher. C．A zookeeper.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Clothes Upcycling (升级改造) Contest 2024
Are you passionate about fashion and the environment Do you have a creative mind and want to make a positive impact on the planet Then we have a contest for you!
We are excited to launch the Love Your Chelmsford Upcycling Clothes Contest for secondary school ages(11-18 years), to promote extending the life of our clothes and save them from going to landfills! Upcycling clothes has many benefits including reducing the impact of buying new on natural resources and reducing your carbon footprint.
You have to create clothes from used materials, and transform them into something new and exciting. Each applicant can be one individual person or one group. Applicants can apply multiple times, but only be qualified to win with one submission (提交).
How to Participate:
To enter, you must be a resident of Chelmsford and aged 11-18. We will require a before and after picture of your shoes or clothes upcycling project along with a description of the materials and techniques that you used to create your masterpiece (作品). Please send your submission to loveyourchelmsford@chelmsford.gov.uk by June 30, 2024.
Recommended:
Show the creation process of your masterpiece and share where everything came from.
Prizes:
*Up to 100 applicants will have the option to be listed on our website to sell their upcycled work.
*The most impressive upcycled masterpiece will win a 100 Gift Voucher (礼品券) to shop at Glass Onion, plus there are 5 runner-up prizes of a 183-piece sewing kit.
21．What do we know about the contest
A．Group work will not be accepted.
B．The participants can apply more than once.
C．One participant can win more than one prize.
D．Winning pieces will be selected on June 30, 2024.
22．What do the participants have to provide along with their work
A．A picture of the remaining materials. B．A list of tools involved.
C．A description of the techniques used. D．A video of the making process.
23．What will the first prize winner get
A．A 100 Gift Voucher. B．An amount of cash.
C．A free trip to Glass Onion. D．A 183-piece sewing kit.
B
During the winter break, I found my dad’s old CD player in a drawer that I had never seen before. It reminded me of the three CDs I recently bought from Mostly Books, a second-hand media store on South Street. I knew I could put the player to good use with them.
However, I was a naughty kid who broke closet doors and shelves, so my dad was often unwilling to let me borrow his things. I couldn’t decide whether to ask my dad about using the player. “Can you help me with your old CD player I want to play some CDs,” I finally asked him after walking into his home office that day. Despite my worries, my dad said yes.
Growing up, I felt that my dad disagreed with nearly everything I did. I was frightened to take his advice because listening to him felt like going against my own ideas.
That day I looked at his office wall and saw a painting and he told me he bought it in the 1990s for a couple thousand dollars. Imagining him buying the artwork challenged my idea of him being too frugal (节俭的) and boring (没有情调的) to spend so much money on art.
This new side of my dad encouraged me to finally take the time to look for our similarities. I discovered how similar we really are while fixing the CD player with my dad, which helped me see him as someone I could relate to, instead of someone to avoid. Watching my dad prepare his old CD player for use was my first step toward understanding him. I observed several of his characters that I recognized in myself, like persistence, patience and calmness. Seeing these characters in my dad showed me how similar we are, which lowered the defenses (防御) I built against him, allowing our relationship to heal (愈合).
24．Why couldn’t the author decide whether to ask his dad about using the player at first
A．He had no CDs to play then. B．He feared his dad would say no.
C．He figured the CD player was broken. D．He was afraid he’d break the CD player.
25．What was the problem between the author and his father
A．They often had different views. B．They hardly talked to each other.
C．They had no similar personalities. D．They were shy to speak for themselves.
26．What did the author most probably realize after knowing about the painting
A．He should challenge his father. B．His father was very good at art.
C．His father was a really boring man. D．He might not really know about his father.
27．What happened between the author and his father in the end
A．They often argued with each other. B．They greatly misunderstood each other.
C．They got on with each other much better. D．They built great defenses against each other.
C
According to a recent study, consuming three largely comparable meals each day to meet our energy demands may be the most effective method to prevent cognitive (认知的) deterioration. The study finds a link between skipping breakfast and a gradual failure in cognitive health. The study also reveals that eating more calories at one meal than another is not linked to a quick failure in cognitive function, but it does not improve cognition as much as eating balanced three meals daily.
With previous study focusing on how the quality of the food we consume can affect our health, there hasn’t been much research on how our daily energy intake is distributed and how it can affect our cognitive health over the long term, as well as if it might affect our risk of dementia (痴呆).
A recent study, in which the data from the 1997 — 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed, examines the possible impact of various meal schedules on cognitive decline in order to better understand this.
The poll (民意调查) collected submissions from 3,342 persons in China during a ten-year period, and their responses were included in the statistics. The average age was 62. 2, and people were at least 55 years old. The study did not include those who had severe cognitive deterioration.
Each participant underwent a dietary evaluation as well as a phone-based cognitive exam at the beginning of the study period. This test evaluated each person’s ability to recall words quickly and slowly, count backward, and subtract (减) quickly from given numbers.
The findings demonstrate that, in comparison to either less balanced ways of absorbing one’s total caloric intake or less equally distributed ways of ingesting one’s total energy intake, eating three balanced meals each day is related with superior cognitive function.
28．What does the underlined word “deterioration” mean in paragraph 1
A．Increase. B．Decline. C．Exchange. D．Spread.
29．What is the main difference between the recent study and the previous one
A．The contents. B．The method. C．The participants. D．The process.
30．How did the researchers do the recent study
A．By doing experiments. B．By analyzing previous data.
C．By interviewing senior people. D．By examining people with cognitive disease.
31．Which of the following may contribute to best cognition
A．Skipping breakfast every day.
B．Three balanced meals per day.
C．Hunger-determined food time and amount.
D．A big lunch with a small breakfast and dinner.
D
The road to a Nobel Prize, the most respected scientific award in the world, is growing ever longer, with almost half of winners now waiting more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize.
One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science prizes has nearly doubled in the past 60 years. Across the three science prizes, chemistry now has the longest “Nobel lag”—an average of 30 years over the past decade—and physiology or medicine has the shortest, at 26 years.
Alfred Nobel’s will stated that the prizes should be awarded “to those who, during the previous year, shall have given the greatest benefit to mankind.” In reality this has only happened a few times. But in the first half of the twentieth century, it was common for Nobel prize winners to be in their 30s -and that is unheard of now, says Santo Fortunato, now a computational social scientist at Indiana University.
There are a number of possible reasons for this, says Yian Yin, a computational social scientist at Cornell University. It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs is increasing each year, so awards cannot keep up with the number of people who deserve to be recognized, he says. It is also the case that the importance of some works, which Yin describes as “sleeping beauties” are only realized years or decades later. Besides, the lengthening gap could be a sign that there has been a decrease in “disruptive” science - important studies or discoveries that change the paradigm (范式) of their field. This could be causing the Nobel committees to focus more on the past.
Fortunato points out that, if the gap continues to grow, outstanding scientists could miss out on the award owing to the Nobel Committee’s rule banning posthumous prizes (追授奖项). “It has to stop at some point,” he says, adding that a rethink of the posthumous-awarding ban would allow more people’s work to get the recognition that it deserves.
32．Why does the writer mention the numbers in the first two paragraphs
A．To explain a rule. B．To present a fact.
C．To clarify a concept. D．To make a prediction.
33．What can we learn about the Nobel prize winners from the paragraph 3
A．None of them are in their 30s nowadays.
B．Their names are unheard of by the public.
C．None of them receive the prizes several times.
D．They must make contributions the year before.
34．Why might be a cause of the Nobel lag
A．The change in standards. B．The requirement of the award.
C．The increase in breakthroughs. D．The tradition of the committees.
35．What does Fortunato suggest in the last paragraph
A．Reconsidering the current rule. B．Establishing a better committee.
C．Stopping the award presentation. D．Recognizing more people’s work.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Resolving (解决) Conflict in Friendships
Conflict is surely a common problem in life and friendships. 36 That's because there isn't enough depth to guarantee all the trouble it takes to smooth over the disagreement. Unfortunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship. Here are some resolutions.
Resolve it the day it happens. One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don't go to bed angry with each other. They always attempt to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it's a fresh start with no past grudge (怨恨). I've found I need a short cool down period so that I don't act in anger. 37 Whatever you do, don't let things ride for too long.
38 Sometimes if you sit down and talk things over, you begin to see where the other person is coming from. Realize that everyone has been created differently with various talents, abilities, and personality traits. For example, you might be a leader while your friend is more of a follower. You may be frustrated with him or her for not being very decisive. Yet it is important to understand that each person is unique and needs to be appreciated.
Initiate resolution. 39 Even when you think the other person is wrong，it's not a bad thing to say "I'm sorry if I offended you in that way." If you're honest and genuine in delivering your words, there's a good chance your friend will respond positively.
Most importantly, be loving in what you do. Try to focus on peacefully resolving the disagreement. It is not a most pleasant task to resolve conflict in any friendship. 40
A．Don't expect too much.
B．Try to see the other person's perspective.
C．Be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part.
D．Many shallow friendships end up being ruined after an argument.
E．To say sorry bravely when a conflict breaks out is a better resolution.
F．However, it is worth the efforts because it results in a deeper friendship.
G．For some, counting to one hundred before saying anything may be an option.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was walking through the bush when, suddenly, a baby koala rushed to me through the sky. Through quick thinking, I managed to catch it in my 41 . “Oh Doodah, are you — 42 to see me today ” I asked the koala. Doodah, a baby koala, was just one of the many koalas that had come into my 43 . And while I might be his favourite person, I loved all of these animals 44 .
Ever since I was a girl, I’d loved animals and at 18 had started work at the Curmmbin Wildlife Sanctuary as a 45 collector. Selecting leaves for the koalas brought me so much joy as the koalas 46 them for food. Through hard work and 47 I eventually became a koala specialist, which saw me working in China, where I 48 in koala-breeding programs.
My son, Jett, always been with koalas and comes out 49 them with me. But we’ve both become concerned over the 50 of our beloved koalas. I knew the best way to stop them from dying out was to 51 the young like my son because the future really is theirs. So I wrote a children’s book, Have You Seen A Tree For Me , which I hope will help them understand we’ve got to 52 our beloved wildlife.
There are lots of 53 things kids can do to start helping now; Keep dogs and cats locked away from wildlife, plant a tree that will encourage native animals to visit and 54 your family to drive slowly in wildlife habitats and areas. That might only sound 55 , but if we all do this, it can make a big difference.
41．A．arms B．legs C．clothes D．gloves
42．A．curious B．responsible C．excited D．unwilling
43．A．exchange B．care C．lecture D．power
44．A．officially B．properly C．recently D．equally
45．A．wood B．rubbish C．leaf D．water
46．A．broke down B．depended on C．came across D．concentrated on
47．A．study B．confidence C．debate D．arrangement
48．A．checked B．typed C．registered D．joined
49．A．naming B．impressing C．feeding D．catching
50．A．health B．future C．food D．return
51．A．educate B．understand C．direct D．trust
52．A．control B．protect C．hide D．recognize
53．A．secret B．big C．interesting D．simple
54．A．allow B．force C．ask D．train
55．A．small B．confusing C．natural D．difficult
第II卷 非选择题（50分）
第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advertising 56 (refer) to the activity of promoting a product or service. It has become part of our modern life.
Advertising has always been closely linked with the mass media. In addition to making people aware of a product or service, a successful advertisement can also create a desire to buy, thus 57 (boost) business. That is 58 when a company wants to promote a product or service, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign.
Based on the psychology behind creating a desire to buy, advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their 59 (product) or services. A common technique to make an impact is to create 60 memorable slogan, which uses simple but impressive language to make people remember the product or service. Another technique advertisers often employ is 61 (link) their company or product to a “brand ambassador”. Moreover, some advertisements such as product placement 62 (be) not so obvious. We absorb the marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they 63 (probable) have an effect on us the next time we go shopping.
In the future, advertising will be more about understanding individual customers and sending them advertisements that are tailored 64 specific needs. Not only will this make them feel 65 (valued), but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently.
第四部分 写作(共两题，满分40分)
66．(15分)假定你是李华，上周五你校为庆祝建校100周年举办了歌唱比赛。作为校英文报记者，请你写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.前期准备；2.比赛情况。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2不得出现真实班级、学校、姓名；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Singing Competition
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________67．读后续写(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Barnes was a very wealthy man who lived in the early days in the United States. It was one of his chief pleasures to walk through the countryside near his home, and as he walked, he often noticed a particularly fine group of cattle. One day he stopped to visit the rancher (牧场主) who owned the cattle and purchased a cow from him with the agreement that the cow would be delivered to his house the following day.
The next day as Mr. Barnes was out for his morning walk, he saw a young boy trying his hardest to lead the cow over to Mr. Barnes’ field. The boy, who did not know Mr. Barnes, called to him, “Please sir, would you come and help me with this cow It is so stubborn!”
Mr. Barnes readily agreed and went over to help. As they walked along together, he asked the boy, “How much do you expect to get for delivering the cow ”
“I… I don’t know,” the boy said, “but I think I’ll get something because the people who are buying the cow live in that house, and those people are very kind to everyone.”
By now the stubborn cow was walking along nicely, so Mr. Barnes excused himself and took a path through a wooded area that led to his back door. As soon as he got into the house, he gave one of his trusted workers a fifty-dollar bill and told him to give it to the boy who was delivering the cow. After the cow had been left at the house and the boy was returning to the ranch, Mr. Barnes went out again and met the boy on the road.
“Well, how much did you get ” asked Mr. Barnes.
“Five dollars,” answered the boy.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mr. Barnes felt surprised when hearing the answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The boy agreed, and they walked back to the house together.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________泸县五中高2022级高二下期开学考试
英语参考答案：
一．听力
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B
13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．B
二．阅读理解
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．B 31．B
32．B 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．G 38．B 39．C 40．F
三．完形填空
41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．A
四．语法填空
56．refers 57．boosting 58．why 59．products 60．a 61．to link 62．are 63．probably 64．to 65．more valued
五:书面表达
66．
A Singing Competition
A singing competition was held in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the founding of our school in the school hall last Friday, which attracted great attention of all the teachers and students.
It was required that every class participate in the competition in the form of chorus and the songs chosen should represent the revolutionary spirits as well. All the classes, immersed in the preparation for the competition, went to great lengths to adapt the music, conduct the stage design and rehearse to the piano accompaniment. Then came the big day, when all the participants impressed the judges and audience with the appropriate costume, amazing team spirit, and splendid power of their show. Class 7 was eventually awarded with first prize in the finals after fierce competition.
67．Mr. Barnes felt surprised when hearing the answer. “Only five dollars You must have gotten more than that,” Mr. Barnes said with certainty. “No, that’s what I was given, and that was plenty, don’t you think ” answered the boy with a happy smile and a little doubt. “No, I’m surprised it wasn’t more,” said Mr. Barnes. “I know Mr. Barnes well and he will give much more than five dollars. I believe that if you come back with me, you’ll get more than five dollars.”
The boy agreed, and they walked back to the house together. When they went in, Mr. Barnes called his workers and asked the boy to tell him who had given him the five dollars. “It was him,” the boy said, pointing to one of the workers. When the man realized his dishonesty had been discovered, he admitted it and felt embarrassed. Mr. Barmes demanded that he give the fifty dollars to the boy immediately. And he said to the man, “Your dishonesty has cost you your job and your good name. I hope you soon learn that dishonesty is not only very foolish but a terrible mistake.” And Mr. Barnes fired him on the spot.
听力原文
Text1：
M: I was thinking about ordering some takeout. Do you want to order a personal dish or share something bigger
W: I’ll just get a piece of beef and some vegetables. I had a late lunch, so I don’t have much of an appetite right now.
Text2：
W: Did you have a good time during your camping
M: Just so so. Phoebe had been called away by her boss before we set out. Jenny felt sick all the way. I had to send her to Martin’s to give her a physical checkup.
W: Oh! Maybe she got carsick.
Text3：
W: So far I’ve been to Japan, Korea and China. But I wish some day I could go to Canada.
M: It is really worth visiting.
Text4：
W: Well, Mr Li. It’s early and you’ve come a long way just for an interview.
M: Yes. I read your advertisement in the newspaper and my aunt said this is a good company and since I’d like to be a lawyer someday, we thought the job would give me a new start.
Text5：
W: Dennis, do you still live with your parents
M: No. I moved out last month. I’ve already decided to live on my own.
W: How can you afford the rent
M: I’ve been employed by a new company.
Text6：
M: Your moves are quick. It is good for the style of fighting we are learning, but you need to work on them.
W: In what way
M: For one thing, there needs to be more power. The other thing to work on is the way you form your fist.
W: How
M: Here, hold it like this.
W: Okay. Like this
M: Yes. Now practice again but put more power in this time. Yes! Excellent! You’ll soon be my star student!
Text7：
M: Hello, Mary.
W: Oh, hello, Mike. I m looking for a suitable library to study in.
M: I often go to the National Library. It is suitable lotus students. It is quiet in the reading rooms. You can also use some materials for free if you have a card. And the card is $100 a year.
W: How about the opening hours
M: 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekdays and 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends.
W: Oh, good. I think it s a suitable place for studying.
Text8：
W: Tom, what were you watching just now
M: I was watching a TV series Heartland. It’s about a family who lives on a ranch (大牧场) with horses and cattle.
W: Why did you watch such a series It must be very boring.
M: Well, it may sound boring to you, but I really love watching it. Though its story is neither exciting nor touching, it tells about the life that I truly want to live.
W: You mean you want to live a simple and peaceful life
M: Yes. I’ve been thinking a lot lately about living in the countryside like my grandparents. I can keep many animals and plants and then get safe, healthy food there. I can even slow my pace in the busy world, looking at the scenery around me and enjoying myself.
W: So do you want to move to the countryside
M: Yes. If you get tired of the city life someday, why not experience it for yourself
W: Well, I grew up here. Life here is so much more exciting.
Text9：
W: Excuse me, I’m a reporter from the school newspaper. Can you spare me a few minutes for an interview
M: Hmm... It’s 2:00. I’ll have a class in three quarters of an hour. Okay, let’s start.
W: Well, can you introduce yourself first
M: My name is Evan Miller, a junior in Marketing. And I’m from Spain.
W: That’s a country far away from here. Why did you decide to study abroad
M: Well, I think studying abroad is an opportunity to discover a new culture and learn new things.
W: Do you enjoy your life now
M: Yes. I made many English-speaking friends. And I’ve learned how to cook recently.
W: What about difficulties
M: Hmm, since I live far away from my family, I always miss my parents.
W: I know how you feel. Well, the next question is...
Text10：
M: Are zoos necessary, or are they only bad to the animals This is a question that causes disagreement among many scientists. Some, we may just call them Group A, believe that placing animals in a zoo does harm to them. These people think that all animals should be protected from being killed and should be left in the wild. They also advise people to be educated to know more about animals in the wild. Other scientists of Group B think differently. They say that modern zoos provide a safe environment for animals. They believe that some animals, such as the panda from China and the white tiger from India, are not only protected from uncontrolled killing but can give birth to babies under protection and in that way they may be saved from dying out. OK, that’s all from me and you’re expected to express your views on this question next class.
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