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2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（上海专用）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension（第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1． A．10:00. B．10:10. C．10:20. D．10:30.
【答案】B
【原文】
M: When is the show supposed to start
W: Don't worry. It won't start until 10: 30. We’ve still got 20 minutes.
Q: What's the time now
2． A．Go to the office. B．Keep calling.
C．Try online booking. D．See a doctor.
【答案】C
【原文】
M: I am so sick of calling the ticket office. The line is always busy.
W: Why don't you order through the Internet
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do
3． A．She allows him to sit down. B．She'll mind if he sits down.
C．She doesn't want the man to sit with her. D．It doesn't matter whether he sits down or not,
【答案】A
【原文】
M: Excuse me, the restaurant is so crowded. There is no other seat. Do you mind if I sit down here
W. No. Of course not.
Q: What does the woman mean
A．Cook and baker. B．Waitress and diner.
C．Patient and dentist. D．Tailor and customer.
【答案】D
【原文】
M: Could you have the dress ready before Friday, madam
W: Sorry. I’m afraid we can't. You know making the traditional Chinese buttons takes time.
Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．On a bus. B．In a swimming pool.
C．In an English class. D．In a sporting goods store.
【答案】D
【原文】
W: Excuse me, but are you looking for a bike
M: Yes. Now that the weather is warming up, I think I should get some exercise instead of taking a bus all the time.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
6．A．Pan-fried salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with cheese sauce.
B．Pan-fried salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with no sauce.
C．Grilled salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with no sauce.
D．Grilled salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with cheese sauce.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: We have a pan-fried salmon with pepper sauce. It comes with steamed vegetables with cheese sauce.
M: I’ll have the salmon, but could it be grilled The pepper sauce and the vegetables are fine, but I’d rather skip the cheese sauce.
Q: What does the man order
7．A．Ma Chao’s achievement is just a coincidence.
B．Ma Chao’s employee evaluation report is too general.
C．Ma Chao is doing a good enough job to get promoted.
D．11 out of 12 projects Ma has worked on are quite successful.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: This is Ma Chao’s employee evaluation report. In general, I’d say it’s a strong review.
M: Yes. All 11, no, 12 of the projects he’s worked on have ended up producing very good results. This is more than just a coincidence. I think he deserves a promotion.
Q: What does the man mean
8．A．All the delivery cost will be covered by the woman.
B．All the delivery cost will be covered by the company.
C．The cost for the express mail will be covered by the company.
D．The cost for returning the goods will be covered by the woman.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: I ordered a red candleholder, but I received a white one. It’s a gift for a friend, and I need to take it to her birthday party three days from now.
M: I’m so sorry. If you could, please return the white one to us. We’ll ship you a red one by express mail. It will arrive in two days. And we will cover the delivery cost.
Q: Who will pay the delivery
9．A．Hiring more temporary staff.
B．Finding a consultant to get more advice.
C．Hiring more workers during the summer holidays.
D．Hiring more workers during the year-end holidays.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: To cut down on overtime work, we can hire extra hands during the busy year-end holidays when we have a sudden flood of business.
W: That’s true. It seems to happen during the summer holidays, too. I’ll see if I can find a consultant who can advise us on how to do that.
Q: What does the man suggest for cutting down on overtime work
10．A．To extend the life spans of old people.
B．To send nurses to people’s homes.
C．To increase old people’s years of activity.
D．To instruct old people on healthy lifestyles.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: Oh, you are a home nursing care service company. So you send nurses to people’s homes, right
M: Yes, but that’s just part of it. We also help nurses instruct old people on healthy lifestyles. We hope to increase their years of activity and good health and thereby extend their life spans.
Q: What is the main goal of this nursing home
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11．A．Caribbean curry house. B．Old Montreal.
C．Notre-Dame Basilica. D．Rue St. Denis.
12．A．By bus. B．By taxi.
C．By metro. D．Walking.
13．A．The botanical garden. B．Notre-Dame Basilica.
C．The school for religious study. D．The art galleries and museums.
【答案】11．A 12．D 13．C
【原文】
There are marvelous restaurants for sure all over Montreal, and the good news is there are even several close to our headquarters and your hotel. If you’re looking for a light lunch, try the café across the street. You’ve got to get there early, though, because it closes at 3 p.m. There’s an excellent Caribbean curry house right next to our building, too.
If you really want to get out and about, you should grab a taxi or take the Metro and head downtown to visit the city’s famous botanical garden, art galleries and museums. Make sure to visit Old Montreal, which is not only the oldest part of the city but one of the oldest urban areas in North America. Once there, walking is by far the best and easiest way to get around. With the area’s cobblestone streets and historic buildings, you can almost imagine that you’re in Europe, eh
Old Montreal’s most famous building is Notre-Dame Basilica, a major tourist stop. It’s a breath-taking church built sometime in the 1800s. Next to it is a school for religious study that was built in 1687. I always remember that date because it’s one of the oldest buildings in the city. Actually, it’s one of the oldest buildings in the country!
And if history isn’t your thing, there are plenty of places to go for dinner or a quiet drink. I’d suggest going to Rue St. Denis for that. Anyway, enjoy yourself!
Now listen again, please.
Questions:
11. Which place is suggested by the speaker for a light lunch
12. What is the best way to get around Old Montreal
13. Which of the following has the longest history
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．Basketball. B．Table tennis.
C．Badminton. D．Football.
15．A．Negative. B．Positive.
C．Neutral. D．Objective.
16．A．The choices and benefits of children’s sports.
B．The reasons for children to play sports.
C．The importance of playing sports for children.
D．The kind of children’s sports.
【答案】14．C 15．B 16．A
【原文】
Children play all sorts of sports these days. Sports equipment is much more easily available, so there is a wide range of choices open to children. Basketball, table tennis and badminton are very popular sports these days. Boys love to play basketball because of the effect of the American professional basketball teams and the famous Chinese basketball player, Yao Ming. Table tennis, also called ping-pong, has been popular in China for many years, but it became more popular because of the 2008 Olympics. Many girls play badminton these days. It is competitive and provides very good exercise. It is important for children to learn to play sports. Playing sports gives a child the opportunity to make mistakes and learn from them at an early age. And, of course, playing sports also provides excellent exercise for children.
Qs:
14. Which sport is more popular with girls nowadays
15. What’s the speaker’s attitude towards children playing sports
16. What’s the speech mainly about
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17．A．The builders of the house. B．The designers of the house.
C．The World Treehouse Conference. D．The treehouse.
18．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
19．A．In Oct. 1997. B．In Oct. 1979.
C．In Oct. 2000. D．In Oct. 2007.
20．A．Peter Nelson. B．Michael Garnier.
C．Alain Laurens. D．Peter Garnier.
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．A 20．A
【原文】
W: Look, this house was built in the tree. Very interesting!
M: Yes, it is so called the treehouse.
W: The treehouse
M: Yes, this treehouse was built by Michael Garnier and Peter Nelson, two famous builders in this field.
W: I know nothing about them. Could you please give me more details
M: Well, Michael Garnier founded a Treehouse Treesort near Cave Junction in Oregon. Every October the World Treehouse Conference is held here since 1997.
W: Is there any company which is really building and selling these treehouses
M: Yes, the TreeHouse Workshop in Seattle is one of them and Peter Nelson is one of its owners.
W: Do these treehouses also have designers
M: Of course. For example, Alain Laurens.
Qs:
17. What is the conversation mainly about
18. How many builders built the treehouse
19. When was the first World Treehouse Conference held
20. Who is both the builder and owner of the TreeHouse Workshop
II.Grammar and Vocabulary（每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Origin of New Year’s Resolutions
Happy New Year! For many in the UK, if the New Year means anything, it means 21 (turn) over new leaf. And to do this, many of us make New Year’s resolutions-a list of ways 22 we intend to improve ourselves in the year ahead. We reflect on our past mistakes and make up our minds not to do them again. 23 (give) up smoking is ever popular, as is a promise to take up more exercise or spend more time with family.
But have you ever wondered when the idea of a New Year’s resolution comes from The answer might lie in ancient Babylonia, according to History. com. The Babylonians 24 (believe) to be the first to hold recorded celebrations for the New Year. The 12 day-long celebration, 25 (name) Akitu, allowed them not only 26 (show) their loyalty to the King, but also to appeal to the gods to pay their debts and return the borrowed objects.
The ancient Romans too had similar traditions. New Year’s Day was a time 27 all government officers would take an oath(发誓) that they 28 obey the laws and support the city leader. Incidentally, the month of January is named after the Roman god Janus. He is the god of beginnings, transitions and time, among other things and is described as having two faces-one looking to the past and 29 facing forward to the future.
Whether you’re looking at a quick behavioral change 30 a huge personality checkup, you’re taking part in a tradition that goes back centuries. I wish you all the best sticking to your resolutions. Happy New Year!
【参考答案】
turning 22．that/in which 23．Giving 24．are believed 25．named
26．to show 27．when 28．must/should 29．the other 30．or
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“新年决心”，以及它的起源等。
【详情解析】
21．考查动名词做宾语。句意：对很多英国人而言，如果新年意味着什么的话，它就是意味着翻开新篇章。mean doing作“意味着”讲，turn over a new leaf 意为“翻开新篇章，改过自新”，所以填turning做宾语。故填turning。
22．考查定语从句。句意：我们很多人会有新年决心——是我们打算在来年提高自己的方法清单。分析句子可知，ways做先行词，所以从句的连接词应该用that或者in which。故填that/in which。
23．考查现在分词做主语。戒烟很流行，是一个多运动或花更多时间陪家人的承诺。分析句子可知give up smoking做主语，用动名词形式，所以用giving。故填giving。
24．考查动词时态和语态。句意：巴比伦人被认为首次举行了有记载的新年庆祝。分析句子可知，The Babylonians是主语，believe做谓语，与主语之间是被动关系，且文章用的一般现在时态，所以要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填are believed。
25．考查过去分词。句意；12天的庆祝被称为Akitu，允许他们不仅显示自己对国王的忠诚，而且向诸神祈求偿还债务和归还借来的物品。分析句子可知。主语是The 12 day-long celebration，allowed是谓语，name要用非谓语形式作定语，且与逻辑主语The 12 day-long celebration是被动关系，要用过去分词形式。故填named。
26．考查固定搭配。句意：12天的庆祝被称为Akitu，允许他们不仅显示自己对国王的忠诚，而且向诸神祈求偿还债务和归还借来的物品。allow sb. to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to show。
27．考查定语从句。句意：新年是所有的政府官员都发誓他们会遵守法律，支持城市领袖的时候。分析句子可知，先行词是a time，在从句中做时间状语，所以从句的关系词用when。故填when。
28．考查情态动词。句意：新年是所有的政府官员都发誓他们会遵守法律，支持城市领袖的时候。誓言表示的是“必须”或者“应该”要做的，所以填must/should。
29．考查固定搭配。句意：他是开始之神，转变之神，时间之神，还有其他方面。他被描述成有两张脸：一张脸看过去，另一张面向未来。“（两者中的）一个……另一个……”用one…the other…，故填the other。30．考查连词。句意：不管你是在寻求快速的行为改变还是大的个性检查，你都是在参加一个历经了几个世纪的传统。分析句子可知，a quick behavioral change和a huge personality checkup是二选一的关系，故填or。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．Regularly B．factors C．smooth D．inner E.wrists F.hurtful G.prevention H.affect I.effectively J.maintained K.determined
This is the best bedtime to avoid heart disease
The time you go to bed may have something to do with your risk for heart disease. In fact, researchers say, there is a heart health sweet spot for falling asleep: from 10 to 11 p.m.
The body has a 24-hour 31 clock that helps regulate physical and mental functioning. “Our study suggests that early or late bedtimes may be more likely to disturb the body clock, with 32 consequences for cardiovascular (心血管的) health,“ said Plans, who is a senior lecturer in the University of Exeter in the U. K.
To explore how different bedtimes might 33 heart health, Plans and colleagues at Huma, turned to UK Biobank, a biomedical database (数据库). UK Biobank 34 information about more than 500, 000 volunteers and provided information about their personal information, lifestyles and health. Their physical health records were also evaluated.
The researchers focused on 88,926 adults, average age 61, who wore devices that record data when a person moves on their 35 for seven days. With the devices data, the researchers 36 the times of sleep start and waking.
During an average follow-up period of 5.7 years, 3,172 of the people on the list (3.6 percent) experienced cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks or heart failure-happening was highest among people with sleep times at midnight or later and lowest among those who fell asleep from 10 to10: 59 p.m.
Even when a number of 37 were taken into account —including age, gender, sleep duration, being an early bird or night owl, smoking status, blood pressure—falling asleep 38 at midnight or later was still linked to the highest increased risk of heart disease.
“The new study really strengthens what we know from a cardiovascular risk 39 opinion—sleep is a risk factor,” said Dr. Francoise Marvel, an assistant professor and co-director of the Johns Hopkins Digital Health Lab at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. “But there is a huge important gap to recognize: There is no evidence to suggest at this point that improving sleep will 40 reduce cardiovascular events, like heart attack.”
【参考答案】
31．D 32．F 33．H 34．J 35．E 36．K 37．B 38．A 39．G 40．I
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早睡或晚睡可能更容易干扰生物钟，不同的就寝时间对心脏健康的影响，研究人员得出了避免心脏病的最佳就寝时间。
【详情解析】
31．考查形容词。句意：身体有一个内置的24小时的时钟，帮助调节身体和精神的功能。根据常识可知，人体内有一个生物钟，是内在的，空格处用作定语修饰名词clock，缺少形容词inner，表示“内在的，里面的”，故选D项。
32．考查形容词。句意：我们的研究表明，早睡或晚睡更有可能扰乱生物钟，对心血管健康造成伤害。分析句子可知，根据前文“early or late bedtimes may be more likely to disturb the body clock”可知，空格处用作定语修饰名词consequences，表示的是不好的负面的结果，hurtful“有害的”符合语境。故选F项。
33．考查动词。句意：为了探索不同的就寝时间对心脏健康的影响，Plans和Huma的同事求助于生物医学数据库。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，表示的意思是“影响”，affect“影响”符合语境。情态动词后接动词原形。故选H项。
34．考查动词。句意：英国生物银行保存了50多万志愿者的信息，并提供了他们的个人信息、生活方式和健康信息。根据后文“provided information about their personal information, lifestyles and health”可知，这家博物馆拥有大量的志愿者的信息。空格处缺少的意思是“保存，保有”，maintain“保持”符合语境。与provided是并列谓语动词，应用一般过去时。故选J项。
35．考查名词。句意：研究人员重点研究了88926名成年人，平均年龄61岁，他们佩戴的设备可以记录一个人在手腕上移动七天的数据。根据前文“who wore devices”可知，这种设备佩戴在手腕上，空格处缺少的意思是“手腕”，wrists“手腕”充当介词on的宾语符合语境。故选E项。
36．考查动词。句意：根据设备数据，研究人员可以确定睡眠开始和醒来的时间。根据前文“who wore devices that record data”可知，有了设备记录的数据，研究人员就可以确定时间。determine“决定，确定”充当句子谓语，符合语境。根据语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选K项。
37．考查名词。句意：即使考虑到许多因素—包括年龄、性别、睡眠时间、早起或夜猫子、吸烟状况、血压—经常午夜或更晚入睡仍然与心脏病风险的最高增加有关。根据后文“age, gender, sleep duration, being an early bird or night owl, smoking status, blood pressure”可知，这些都是影响睡眠的因素。factor“因素”充当主语，符合语境。由空后were可知，应用名词复数形式。故选B项。
38．考查副词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处表示的意思是“经常地”，应用副词regularly，修饰非谓语动词falling。故选A项。
39．考查名词。句意：这项新研究确实强化了我们从心血管风险预防观点中所知道的—睡眠是一个风险因素。根据下文“improving sleep will ____40____ reduce cardiovascular events, like heart attack.”可知，本文研究睡眠和心血管疾病的关系， 增强预防意识，空格处缺少的意思是“预防”，应用名词prevention，作定语，修饰名词opinion。故选G项。
40．考查副词。句意：目前没有证据表明改善睡眠会有效地减少心血管事件，如心脏病发作。根据上文“There
is no evidence to suggest at this point”可知，空格处缺少的意思是“有效地”，应用副词effectively，作状语，修
饰动词reduce。故选I项。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And unless otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always 41 to sit at the back of the classroom.
All this 42 after I joined a sports team. It begin when a teacher 43 I should try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a(n) 44 idea because I didn’t have a good sense of balance. Nor did I have the team ability to keep pace with the others on the team and they would laugh at me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it,” I wouldn’t have decided to give a try.
Taking the 45 to go to the tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started attending the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game. Sometimes I would get 46 and take a shot at the wrong direction -- which made me feel really stupid. 47 , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the games, so I decided to 48 learning the game, do my best at each practice seesion, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t know “just yet.”
I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and exciting. Very soon the competitive part in me was winning over my 50 confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process -- friends who 51 my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!
With my improved self-confidence comes more 52 from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “ 53 ” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call 54 to myself, to raising my hand -- even when I sometimes am not 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.
41．A．hesitated B．chose C．declined D．turned
42．A．reflected B．remained C．changed D．ruined
43．A．admitted B．objected C．suggested D．considered
44．A．crazy B．funny C．interesting D．wonderful
45．A．signal B．impression C．courage D．hesitation
46．A．confused B．bored C．assisted D．frightened
47．A．Effectively B．Regularly C．Historically D．Fortunately
48．A．glance at B．concentrate on C．apply for D．account for
49．A．rules B．structures C．remarks D．gestures
50．A．preference to B．overuse of C．lack of D．awareness of
51．A．experienced B．included C．involved D．respected
52．A．stress B．praise C．energy D．sigh
53．A．sealing B．lasting C．attracting D．hiding
54．A．attention B．authority C．hostility D．damage
55．A．depressed B．regretful C．pleased D．sure
【参考答案】
B 42．C 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C
51．D 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者过去不喜欢引起别人注意，后来在老师的建议下参加篮球队，并在比赛中学会了怎么交友，最终变得积极乐观的故事。
【详情解析】
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非老师安排座位，否则我一直选择坐在教室后面。A. hesitated犹豫；B. chose选择；C. declined下降；D. turned转向。根据前文，老师安排，此处应该是我选择坐在教室后排；choose 过去式chose。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我加入体训队后，所有这些都改变了。A. reflected反映；B. remained留下；C. changed改变；D. ruined毁灭。根据后面的I have gone from “___53___” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call ___54___ to myself, to raising my hand可知，我发生了改变。故选C。
43．动词短语辨析。句意：改变始于一个老师建议我参加篮球队。A. admitted承认；B. objected反对；C. suggested建议；D. considered考虑。下文But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it,”说明老师一直在给我建议，故选C。
44．形容词词义辨析。句意：最初，我认为那是一个疯狂的想法，因为我平衡感不好。A. crazy疯狂的；B. funny有趣的；C. interesting有趣的；D. wonderful精彩的。下文because I didn’t have a good sense of balance说明参加篮球队的想法很疯狂。故选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鼓起勇气去参加选拔赛只是成功的一半。A. signal信号；B. impression印象；C. courage勇气；D. hesitation犹豫。前文All this ___42___ after I joined a sports team.说明我一开始并不想做，所以现在是鼓起勇气做的（take the courage to do），故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会很糊涂，投错篮，这让我觉得很愚蠢。A. confused糊涂的；混乱的；B. bored鼓噪的；C. assisted辅助的；D. frightened惊恐的。下文take a shot at the wrong direction说明我很糊涂，故选A。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地是，我不是比赛中唯一的新手，所以我决定专注的的学习，在每次练习时尽最大努力。A. Effectively有效地；B. Regularly有规律地；C. Historically历史性地；D. Fortunately幸运地。下文I wasn’t the only one “new” at the games说明我不是唯一的新队员，这是幸运地（fortunately），故选D。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运地是，我不是比赛中唯一的新手，所以我决定专注的的学习，在每次练习时尽最大努力。A. glance at瞥一眼；B. concentrate on专注于；C. apply for申请；D. account for解释。下文do my best at each practice seesion说明我专注于（concentrate on）训练，故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我知道了规则和动作。A. rules规则；B. structures结构；C. remarks记号；D. gestures手势。根据前文I didn’t even know the rules of the game可知，这里是rules(规则)，故选A。
50．考查名词短语辨析。句意：很快，我内心的竞争意识打败了我缺乏的自信。A. preference to偏好；B. overuse of过度使用；C. lack of缺乏；D. awareness of意识。前文I didn’t even know the rules of the game说明我是没有自信的，lack of（缺乏）。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这个过程中学会了怎么打球和交朋友，朋友尊重我工作中的努力，成为了具有团队净胜的队员。A. experienced经历；B. included包括；C. involved涉及；D. respected尊重。是朋友就应该互相尊重（respect），故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和不断提高的自信伴随而来的是来自老师和同学的更多赞美。A. stress压力；B. praise赞美；C. energy能量；D. sigh叹气。根据语境，作者应该变自信后，得到老师和同学的赞美（praise），故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再躲在教室后面，不再不愿意被关注，不愿意举手。A. sealing封；B. lasting持续；C. attracting吸引；D. hiding藏、躲。前文I always ___41___ to sit at the back of the classroom. 前文说明我把自己藏（hide）在后面，故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再躲在教室后面，不再不愿意被关注，不愿意举手。A. attention注意力；B. authority权威；C. hostility敌意；D. damage破坏。前文I didn’t like attention drawn to myself.说明是call attention to myself(引起别人 注意)。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至有时，我不能百分百地确定我的是正确答案。A. depressed 沮丧的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. pleased愉悦的；D. sure确定的。根据语境，描述的是举手的时候对答案不确定（sure），故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
36 hours in Siena
Siena takes some beating. The Campo, its main square, is considered one of Europe’s finest medieval (中世纪的) squares. Its cathedral (大教堂) is the most beautiful in central Italy. The art alone that can be found in its many churches, galleries and museums could keep you busy exploring for weeks on end.
While never as overrun as Florence, Siena sees plenty of visitors. By October and November, the Sienese are reclaiming their streets, and the burning heat has given to the gentle warmth of the Tuscan autumn.
Food in the restaurants sees the arrival of seasonal specialties such as porcini (牛肝菌) and juicy grapes. Tuscany’s best wine, however, is available year-round.
56．According to the article, a must for food lovers to visit in Siena is ________ .
A．Via di Città B．the Museo dell’Opera
C．Piazza Salimbeni D．the Pinacoteca Nazionale
57．We can learn from the article that Duomo di Siena________.
A．is free to public B．is the largest cathedral in Italy
C．fell into ruin after the Black Death of 1348 D．has very fine medieval frescoes and sculptures
58．Based on information from the article, visitors can do all of the following things all year round in Siena EXCEPT________.
A．enjoy a cup of cappuccino
B．shop and stroll through the streets
C．taste the area’s delicious porcini and juicy grapes
D．admire the area’s churches, galleries and museums
【参考答案】
56．A 57．C 58．C
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了在意大利的锡耶纳市的36个小时短暂停留时的活动安排。
【详情解析】
56．细节理解题。根据DAY 1的3 p.m.第二段“Via di Città is a good place to shop, especially for food. Manganelli 1879 is one of Italy’s many great delicatessens (熟食店). (Via di Città是一个购物的好地方，尤其是食品。Manganelli 1879是意大利最著名的熟食店之一。)”可知，美食爱好者在锡耶纳必去的地方是Via di Città。故选A项。
57．推理判断题。根据DAY 1的10 a.m.的“Admire the exterior (外观) of Duomo di Siena and the remnants (残迹) of its unfinished cathedral. Its construction was interrupted by the Black Death of 1348. Had it been completed, this would have been Italy’s largest cathedral, far larger than that of Florence. (欣赏锡耶纳大教堂的外观和未完成的大教堂的遗迹。1348年的黑死病中断了它的建造。如果建成，它将成为意大利最大的大教堂，比佛罗伦萨大教堂大得多。)”可知，因为1348年时黑死病肆虐而导致锡耶纳大教堂没有完工，最终沦为废墟。故选C项。
58．推理判断题。根据第三段“Food in the restaurants sees the arrival of seasonal specialties such as porcini (牛肝菌) and juicy grapes. Tuscany’s best wine, however, is available year-round. (餐厅的食物见证了牛肝菌和多汁葡萄等时令特色菜的到来。然而，托斯卡纳最好的葡萄酒全年供应。)”可知，牛肝菌和多汁葡萄有时令性，不是一年到头都能品尝到。故选C项。
B
For many people, leisure time is an opportunity to get outdoors, have some fun, and meet interesting people. Add two pieces of sophisticated 21st century technology, global positioning system (GPS) devices and the Internet, to get “geocaching.”
The word geocaching comes from “geo” (earth) and “cache” (hidden treasure). Geocachers log onto a website to find information about the location of a cache—usually a waterproof plastic box containing small items such as toys and CDs, along with a logbook where “finders” can enter comments and learn about the cache’s “owner,” the person who created and hid the cache. Finders may take any of the items in the cache but are expected to replace them with something of similar value. They then visit the website again and write a message to the owner.
Geocaching became possible on May 1, 2000, when U.S. President Bill Clinton announced that a satellite system developed by the U.S. Department of Defense would be made public. Using a fairly inexpensive GPS device, anyone on earth can send a signal to the satellites and receive information about their position. This is basically a high-tech version of orienteering, which uses maps and compasses to determine one’s location.
Geocachers are a very considerate group. Owners are asked to think carefully about a cache’s location in order to give finders an enjoyable experience, such as a beautiful view or a good campsite. They must also consider the environmental impact of their cache since it could result in an increased number of visitors to the area. As for the content of the caches, owners and finders are asked to remember that caches are found by geocachers of all ages. Any treasures in the caches should be suitable for the whole family.
Since geocaching is a new activity governed only by the general agreement of people in online discussion groups, it is always changing. Variations include “travel bugs,” which are objects with tags that ask finders to move them to new locations, which are then tracked online. “Multi-caches” direct finders from one location to the next until they locate the actual caches. “Virtual caches” are located in parks or environmentally sensitive areas where physical caches are not appropriate. These are usually landmarks, such as monuments or historical markers.
Interested in geocaching Look for geocaching groups and events in Europe. Russia, and the United States, or visit geocaching websites from any computer in the world.
59．According to the passage, geocaching is _________
A．a good leisure activity for people who don’t like going outdoors
B．a new leisure activity with the help of some new technology
C．a golden opportunity for people to learn some new technology
D．a good chance to meet famous people like President Clinton
60．Which of the following is not part of geocaching
A．a GPS device B．a shovel
C．the Internet D．toys or other small objects
61．Geocachers need to think about the environment, because _________.
A．their GPS devices produce electrical signals
B．they are a very considerate group
C．their activity may draw more people to the area
D．their destinations always include a beautiful view or campsite
62．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Geocaching is a new activity supported by the local government.
B．Without the owner’s permission, finders can’t take the treasure.
C．Thanks to the new technology, geocaching has many variations.
D．Geocaching is appropriate for the whole family to do together.
【参考答案】
59．B 60．B 61．C 62．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍在全球定位系统(GPS)设备和互联网帮助下的新型娱乐活动——“地理藏宝”。
【详情解析】
59．细节理解题。根据第一段“leisure time is an opportunity to get outdoors, have some fun, and meet interesting people. Add two pieces of sophisticated 21st century technology, global positioning system (GPS) devices and the Internet, to get “geocaching.”（休闲时间是一个户外活动、寻找乐趣、结识有趣的人的机会。再加上两项21世纪的尖端技术——全球定位系统(GPS)设备和互联网，就可以实现“地理隐藏”）可知，“地理藏宝”是在高端技术的帮助下可以实现的一项新型休闲活动。故选B项。
60．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Geocachers log onto a website to find information about the location of a cache—usually a waterproof plastic box containing small items such as toys and CDs,”（“地理藏宝者”登录一个网站来查找有关贮藏地点的信息——通常是一个防水的塑料盒子，里面装着玩具和CD之类的小物品，还有一个日志簿。）以及第三段中“Using a fairly inexpensive GPS device, anyone on earth can send a signal to the satellites and receive information about their position.”（使用相当便宜的全球定位系统设备，地球上任何人都可以向卫星发送信号，并接收到有关自己位置的信息。）可知，构成“地理藏宝”的组成有“information”、“toys and CDs,”和“GPS device”要素，B项shovel“铲；铁锹”文中并未提到。故选B项。
61．细节理解题。根据第四段第三行“They must also consider the environmental impact of their cache since it could result in an increased number of visitors to the area.”（他们还必须考虑到他们的贮藏物对环境的影响，因为这可能会导致该地区游客的增加）可知，地理猎人需要考虑环境，是因为他们的活动可能会吸引跟多人的到来。故选C项。
62．细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Any treasures in the caches should be suitable for the whole family.”（隐藏处中的任何宝物都应该适合全家使用）可知“地理藏宝”这项活动是适合全家人一起进行的。故选D项。
C
People climbing Mount Everest are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds. Everest, high in the Himalayans, is the tallest mountain above sea level on Earth. It reaches 8,848 meters into the sky.
Between 2006 and 2019, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one—third went all the way to the top.
The number of attempts to reach the top of Everest has risen sharply over the years, leading to a 300 percent increase in overcrowding. In 2019, 955 climbers tried to reach the mountaintop. Only 222 people did so in 2000.
The study noted that on a single day in May of last year, 396 climbers had gathered at the narrow path just below the top. The area, known as the “death zone,” is so narrow that only a small number of climbers can pass through, one directly behind another.
Nine climbers died on Everest in May 2019. It was the deadliest Everest climbing season since 2015 when an earthquake killed at least 18 people on the mountain.
A picture of climbers waiting their tun to go up and down through the death zone became famous as it was shared online. Yet researchers say the crowds were not the main reason for the deaths last year. “Surprisingly crowding has no evident effect on success or death” of Everest climbers, the study said.
However, overcrowding does make the climb more dangerous. “If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness,” said Raymond B．Huey, lead writer of the report.
An unexpected storm, earthquake, or landslide could be disastrous, he told Reuters by email.
Climbers have expressed concern about giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 permission to climb Everest. Nepal plans to change its policy to require climbers to use guides, and meet physical fitness and experience qualifications, said tourism department official Mira Acharya.
Nepal temporarily closed its mountains to climbers because of the coronavirus health crisis. Now they are open again. However, Acharya noted that flights into and within Nepal have not restarted.
63．Supposing 900 people took part in the climbing Mount Everest between 1990 and 2005, how many of them reached the top
A．300. B．400. C．500. D．600
64．Why does overcrowding make the climbing more dangerous
A．Because it surprisingly leads to death for those climbers.
B．Because it stopped the climbers from reaching the top at the area called “death zone”.
C．Because it exposes climbers to increasing risk of an accident or illness.
D．Because it gets climbers stranded in “death zone” and unable to get further supplies.
65．According to the report, what is the possible reason for overcrowding
A．More people want to experience the climbing to the top of Mount Everest.
B．A picture of climbers waiting to reach the top inspires more people to give it a try.
C．Nepal government gives climbers permission without restrictions.
D．More people want to climb the Mount Everest before Nepal takes restrictions.
66．What is the general idea of this passage
A．Climbers are more likely to lose their lives before Reaching Top of Mount Everest.
B．More climbers need to be trained before climbing Mount Everest.
C．Enough experience in climbing mountains matters so much.
D．Climbers are twice as likely to reach top of Mount Everest than in Past.
【参考答案】
63．A 64．C 65．C 66．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述目前攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人登顶的可能性是20年前的两倍，在攀登过程中死亡的可能性也比20年前少了一倍。并简要介绍了导致登山者死亡或患病的原因。
【详情解析】
63．细节理解题。根据第二段“Between 2006 and 2019, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one—third went all the way to the top.（在2006年至2019年间，大约三分之二的登山者成功登顶。在那之前的15年里，只有大约三分之一的人登顶。）”可知，在1991年到2005期间只有1/3的人登顶成功。由此可推知，如果1990年到2005年有900人登珠峰，那么登顶的人数为：900×1/3=300人。故选A。
64．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段““If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness,（如果拥挤减缓登山者的速度（正如预期的那样），就会增加他们暴露在自然环境中的机会，这就会增加发生事故或患病的风险。）”可知，因为过度拥挤会增加登山者发生事故或患病的风险，所以这会让登山变得更困难。故选C。
65．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Climbers have expressed concern about giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 permission to climb Everest.（登山者们表示担心，任何愿意向政府支付1.1万美元的人都可以攀登珠穆朗玛峰。）”可推知，尼泊尔政府给予登山者无限制的许可，这可能是导致登山拥挤的原因。故选C。
66．主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“People climbing Mount Everest are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds.（一项新的研究发现，攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人登顶的可能性是20年前的两倍，在攀登过程中死亡的可能性也比20年前少了一倍。）”可知，本文主要讲述登山者登上珠穆朗玛峰的可能性是过去的两倍。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The new semester has begun, and it’ll be a fresh start for you. First of all, congratulations ! 67 Now the hard work really begins. You’re probably feeling excited or maybe a bit nervous about what awaits you at senior high. What everyone mentions is the increased schoolwork and preparing for gaokao, but senior high is not all about the national college entrance exam. 68 In junior high,you followed your teacher’s instructions. But as a senior, you’re expected to think and study independently -how you organize your study notes and how often you study are left up to you.
69 The first year in senior high offers many development opportunities. Joining various activities can enrich your school life, help you to make new friends, broaden your horizons (开阔眼界) and deal with stressful situations.
70 So, open yourself up and make new friends. Life will be easier and more exciting if you have people to share the good times and the bad times of these years.
A．You’ve successfully graduated from junior high school.
B．However, studying is not the most important thing.
C．So from now on, try to explore the field you’re interested in.
D．Many say that they make lifelong friends in high school.
E．Indeed, you shouldn’t be afraid of moving up to senior high school
F．In truth, it is about preparing for the future and being responsible.
【参考答案】
67．A 68．F 69．B 70．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述高中生除了学习以外还有很多兴趣和爱好可以培养，不只是只有高考。
【详情解析】
67．根据上文“First of all, congratulations !(首先，祝贺你)”可知，空格处应填祝贺的理由；选项A. You’ve successfully graduated from junior high school.(你已经成功从初中毕业了)阐述祝贺的理由。故选A。
68．根据上文“What everyone mentions is the increased schoolwork and preparing for gaokao, but senior high is not all about the national college entrance exam.(每个人提到的是增加的学业和准备高考，但是，高中不全是为了大学考试)”可知，空格处应该解释高中还有其它什么东西；选项F. In truth, it is about preparing for the future and being responsible.(事实上，这是关于为未来做准备和负责任)承接上文解释高中到底是什么。故选F。
69．空格处在段首，为本段的总领句，根据下文“The first year in senior high offers many development opportunities. Joining various activities can enrich your school life, help you to make new friends, broaden your horizons (开阔眼界) and deal with stressful situations.(高中的第一年给了我们很多发展机会。参加各种各样的活动能丰富你的校园生活，帮助你交新朋友，开阔你的眼界并教你应对紧张的形势)”可知，空格处应总领下文，告诉学生学习不是唯一；选项B. However, studying is not the most important thing.(然而，学习不是最重要的事情)正好引出除了学习以外还能干什么。故选B。
70．根据下文“So, open yourself up and make new friends. (所以，敞开心扉并结交新的朋友)”可知，空格处应描述结交新的朋友；选项D. Many say that they make lifelong friends in high school.(很多人说他们在高中交到了一辈子的朋友)句中“make lifelong friends in high school”对应下文“make new friends”。故选D。
IV. Summary Writing(共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Cycling isn’t always easy. Busy streets, honking horns, and inadequate bike lanes can make it an uphill battle. But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ passion for cycling. According to BBC, bicycles outsold cars in most of the European Union’s states last year.
There are traditional bicycle capitals”, such as Amsterdam in the Netherlands and Copenhagen in Denmark. But in many other traditionally car-made countries, the shift to bikes is striking. Italians, for instance, bought 1.6 million bikes against 1.4 million cars in 2012.
So what has led to cycling’s growing popularity in Europe
The economic crisis has played an important role in the issue. “The economic crisis has had an effect on all areas of people’s lives, including on transport,” Giulietta Pagliaccio, head of the Italian cycling federation FIAB, told the Australian Associated Press.
Since the European debt crisis broke out in 2009, more people lost their jobs while the cost of living, including fuel costs, continued to rise. It forced many people to give up driving to save money, the Guangzhou-based New Express commented. Take Greece, a country seriously hit by the crisis, for example. It sold 320,000 bikes last year against 58,000 cars.
More importantly, people have changed their views toward cars and bikes. Cars are losing their appeal as status symbols. Yet, cycling is now seen as “a safe, clean, healthy, inexpensive way to get around town”, the Daily Star concluded. “It not only reduces traffic jam and pollution, but also contributes to public health.”
However, with more and more people turning to cycling, questions remain about traffic and safety problems.
To ease people’s worries, dozens of cities have joined a European Union to make bicycles equal to cars as a form of urban transport. Quite a few cities now offer well-marked bike lanes, such as the cycling super-highway marked in blue in London. It runs all over the city, from the center to the suburbs.
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【参考答案】
Cycling on the roads is tough, but bicycles are becoming more and more popular in Europe. The reason for the popularization of cycling in Europe lies in economic crisis. What is more important is that people have changed their attitudes towards cars and bicycles. As more and more ride bicycles, traffic and safety problems remain. Many cities offer well-marked bike lanes to ease people’s worries.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇议论文。首先提到，自行车上路如此艰难， 但为什么在欧洲如此受欢迎；紧接着提出两个原因。第一，是经济危机起着重要作用；第二，更重要的是人们改变了对汽车和自行车的看法。最后提到，为了交通和安全问题很多城市设立了良好的自行车道。
【详情解析】
1. 要点摘录
①But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ passion for cycling. According to BBC, bicycles outsold cars in most of the European Union’s states last year.
②The economic crisis has played an important role in the issue.
③More importantly, people have changed their attitudes towards cars and bicycles.
④To ease people’s worries, dozens of cities have joined a European Union to make bicycles equal to cars as a form of urban transport.
2. 缜密构思
将第1个要点作为文章主旨句，第2和3个要点进行整合，第四个要点是解决问题的方法。
3. 遣词造句
These difficulties can not stop Europeans’ passion for cycling, but increased the sales of bicycles in most of the European Union’s states last year.
It is important that people have changed their attitudes towards cars and bicycles.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Cycling on the roads is tough, but bicycles are becoming more and more popular in Europe. （动名词作主语）
【高分句型2】What is more important is that people have changed their attitudes towards cars and bicycles. （句中what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句）
【高分句型3】As more and more ride bicycles, traffic and safety problems come with them.（as引导时间状语从句）
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
洪水发生后，这个村庄几乎被毁了。(destroy)
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【答案】The village was almost destroyed after the flood.
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。“洪水”使用名词flood，“在……以后”使用介词after，“村庄”使用名词village作主语，“几乎”使用副词almost，“被毁”使用动词destroy，和主语之间是被动关系，且是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词使用was。故翻译为：The village was almost destroyed after the flood.
要花很多年才能恢复自然平衡，因为大自然是脆弱的，很容易被破坏。(It)
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【答案】It would take many years to restore the balance of nature, for it was delicate, easy to destroy.
【详解】考查固定句型、动词、形容词和名词。根据句意，表示“要花很多年才能恢复自然平衡”应使用固定句型“it takes sb. some time to do sth.”，结合句意，该句描述的是过去的事情，该动作发生在将来，所以使用过去将来时，表示“许多年”应为many years，表示“恢复自然平衡”应为restore the balance of nature，所以前半句译为It would take many years to restore the balance of nature，分析句子可知，表示“因为”应是对主句的解释，所以使用for，表示“大自然是脆弱的，很容易被破坏”应为“主+系+表”结构，表示“大自然”为nature使用it代指，表示“脆弱的”应为delicate，表示“容易被破坏”应为“形容词+to do”结构，即 easy to destroy作状语。故翻译为It would take many years to restore the balance of nature, for it was delicate, easy to destroy.
抱怨网络对热爱冒险的青少年的消极影响是无意义的。(point; impact)
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【答案】There’s no point complaining about the internet’s negative impact on teenagers who love adventure.
【详解】考查固定句型、搭配、动词和形容词。表示“做某事是无意义的”可以使用固定句型There is no point doing sth；表示“抱怨某事”应使用短语complain about；表“某物对某人的消极影响”可以使用A’s(某物) impact on B(某人)；表示“热爱冒险的青少年”可使用定语从句teenagers who love adventure；表“消极的”使用形容词negative，故答案为：There’s no point complaining about the internet’s negative impact on teenagers who love adventure。
我觉得很有必要给这个孩子一个教训，他不能把过错甩锅到父母身上。(blame)
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【答案】I feel it necessary to teach the child a lesson that he can’t blame his parents for his mistakes.
【详解】考查时态，固定搭配和同位语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“我觉得很有必要给这个孩子一个教训”中，“觉得”为动词feel，“有必要的”为形容词necessary，“给某人一个教训”为teach sb. a lesson，“感觉做某事是……”为固定句型，feel it+形容词+to do，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，所以“我觉得很有必要给这个孩子一个教训”翻译为I feel it necessary to teach the child a lesson，“他不能把过错甩锅到父母身上”是“教训”的具体内容，所以为同位语从句，“把某事的责任归咎于某人”为短语blame sb. for sth.，“过错”指的是“他的过错”翻译为his mistakes，“父母”译为his parents，“他不能把过错甩锅到父母身上”翻译为he can’t blame his parents for his mistakes，从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用that来引导同位语从句，故整句翻译为I feel it necessary to teach the child a lesson that he can’t blame his parents for his mistakes.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是高一年级学生Leo，最近学校英语周报(《 School Weekly》)正在招募( recruit vt.)校园记者，你很感兴趣，决定写一封申请信。信的主要内容包括：
1. 你认为自己有什么特长或经验有助于你胜任这份工作；
2. 如果你申请成功，你打算展开哪几项具体工作。
Dear teachers,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Leo
【参考答案】
Dear teachers,
I have many dreams and among which, to become a school reporter is a wonderful one as it gives chances to my talents in social skills and writing. That’s why I’d like to apply for the position of the school English newspaper.
I am not a most excellent student, though, I am the best candidate for the position. First of all, I have outstanding communication skills, which enable me to collect campus news more effectively. Next, my experience of serving in the school English writing club for two years has helped me accumulate a wealth of experience and source for writing. Third, I have strong sense of responsibility and are good at time management. Thus, I will be able to devote my time and effort as much as possible to work for the school English newspaper, apart from my schoolwork.
If I am given the chance to work as a school reporter, the first thing I will do is to set up the news network. I will place a mailbox on each floor of the teaching buildings so that every student can contribute their ideas or news. Then, I will decide on what ideas are worthwhile to follow up and carry out an interview. I will also try my best to make the school newspaper more appealing to readers, by upgrading the layout, adding more interesting columns, etc.
I’d appreciate it if you would grant my application. I’m looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Leo
【语篇解读】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为校园记者。
【详情解析】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.表明写信目的：申请成为校园记者。
2.具体内容：1）你认为自己有什么特长或经验有助于你胜任这份工作；2）如果你申请成功，你打算展开哪几项具体工作。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
apply for; first of all; enable sb. to ; sense of responsibility; are good at; be able to; devote…to; apart from; set up; decide on; carry out
第三步：连词成句
1. I have many dreams and among which, to become a school reporter is a wonderful one as it gives chances to my talents in social skills and writing.
2. That’s why I’d like to apply for the position of the school English newspaper.
3. I have outstanding communication skills, which enable me to collect campus news more effectively.
4. My experience of serving in the school English writing club for two years has helped me accumulate a wealth of experience and source for writing.
5. I have strong sense of responsibility and are good at time management.
6. I will be able to devote my time and effort as much as possible to work for the school English newspaper, apart from my schoolwork.
7. If I am given the chance to work as a school reporter, the first thing I will do is to set up the news network.
8. I will place a mailbox on each floor of the teaching buildings so that every student can contribute their ideas or news.
9. I will decide on what ideas are worthwhile to follow up and carry out an interview.
10. I will also try my best to make the school newspaper more appealing to readers, by upgrading the layout, adding more interesting columns, etc.
11. I’d appreciate it if you would grant my application.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I have many dreams and among which, to become a school reporter is a wonderful one as it gives chances to my talents in social skills and writing.这句话用介词+关系代词的定语从句；That’s why I’d like to apply for the position of the school English newspaper.这句话运用了why引导的表语从句；I’d appreciate it if you would grant my application.这句话用it做形式宾语。使用了一些固定词组，如apply for; first of all; enable sb. to ; sense of responsibility; are good at; be able to; devote…to; apart from; set up; decide on; carry out等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（上海专用）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension（第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1． A．10:00. B．10:10. C．10:20. D．10:30.
2． A．Go to the office. B．Keep calling.
C．Try online booking. D．See a doctor.
3． A．She allows him to sit down. B．She'll mind if he sits down.
C．She doesn't want the man to sit with her. D．It doesn't matter whether he sits down or not,
A．Cook and baker. B．Waitress and diner.
C．Patient and dentist. D．Tailor and customer.
A．On a bus. B．In a swimming pool.
C．In an English class. D．In a sporting goods store.
6．A．Pan-fried salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with cheese sauce.
B．Pan-fried salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with no sauce.
C．Grilled salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with no sauce.
D．Grilled salmon with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with cheese sauce.
7．A．Ma Chao’s achievement is just a coincidence.
B．Ma Chao’s employee evaluation report is too general.
C．Ma Chao is doing a good enough job to get promoted.
D．11 out of 12 projects Ma has worked on are quite successful.
8．A．All the delivery cost will be covered by the woman.
B．All the delivery cost will be covered by the company.
C．The cost for the express mail will be covered by the company.
D．The cost for returning the goods will be covered by the woman.
9．A．Hiring more temporary staff.
B．Finding a consultant to get more advice.
C．Hiring more workers during the summer holidays.
D．Hiring more workers during the year-end holidays.
10．A．To extend the life spans of old people.
B．To send nurses to people’s homes.
C．To increase old people’s years of activity.
D．To instruct old people on healthy lifestyles.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11．A．Caribbean curry house. B．Old Montreal.
C．Notre-Dame Basilica. D．Rue St. Denis.
12．A．By bus. B．By taxi.
C．By metro. D．Walking.
13．A．The botanical garden. B．Notre-Dame Basilica.
C．The school for religious study. D．The art galleries and museums.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．Basketball. B．Table tennis.
C．Badminton. D．Football.
15．A．Negative. B．Positive.
C．Neutral. D．Objective.
16．A．The choices and benefits of children’s sports.
B．The reasons for children to play sports.
C．The importance of playing sports for children.
D．The kind of children’s sports.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17．A．The builders of the house. B．The designers of the house.
C．The World Treehouse Conference. D．The treehouse.
18．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
19．A．In Oct. 1997. B．In Oct. 1979.
C．In Oct. 2000. D．In Oct. 2007.
20．A．Peter Nelson. B．Michael Garnier.
C．Alain Laurens. D．Peter Garnier.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary（每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Origin of New Year’s Resolutions
Happy New Year! For many in the UK, if the New Year means anything, it means 21 (turn) over new leaf. And to do this, many of us make New Year’s resolutions-a list of ways 22 we intend to improve ourselves in the year ahead. We reflect on our past mistakes and make up our minds not to do them again. 23 (give) up smoking is ever popular, as is a promise to take up more exercise or spend more time with family.
But have you ever wondered when the idea of a New Year’s resolution comes from The answer might lie in ancient Babylonia, according to History. com. The Babylonians 24 (believe) to be the first to hold recorded celebrations for the New Year. The 12 day-long celebration, 25 (name) Akitu, allowed them not only 26 (show) their loyalty to the King, but also to appeal to the gods to pay their debts and return the borrowed objects.
The ancient Romans too had similar traditions. New Year’s Day was a time 27 all government officers would take an oath(发誓) that they 28 obey the laws and support the city leader. Incidentally, the month of January is named after the Roman god Janus. He is the god of beginnings, transitions and time, among other things and is described as having two faces-one looking to the past and 29 facing forward to the future.
Whether you’re looking at a quick behavioral change 30 a huge personality checkup, you’re taking part in a tradition that goes back centuries. I wish you all the best sticking to your resolutions. Happy New Year!
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．Regularly B．factors C．smooth D．inner E.wrists F.hurtful G.prevention H.affect I.effectively J.maintained K.determined
This is the best bedtime to avoid heart disease
The time you go to bed may have something to do with your risk for heart disease. In fact, researchers say, there is a heart health sweet spot for falling asleep: from 10 to 11 p.m.
The body has a 24-hour 31 clock that helps regulate physical and mental functioning. “Our study suggests that early or late bedtimes may be more likely to disturb the body clock, with 32 consequences for cardiovascular (心血管的) health,“ said Plans, who is a senior lecturer in the University of Exeter in the U. K.
To explore how different bedtimes might 33 heart health, Plans and colleagues at Huma, turned to UK Biobank, a biomedical database (数据库). UK Biobank 34 information about more than 500, 000 volunteers and provided information about their personal information, lifestyles and health. Their physical health records were also evaluated.
The researchers focused on 88,926 adults, average age 61, who wore devices that record data when a person moves on their 35 for seven days. With the devices data, the researchers 36 the times of sleep start and waking.
During an average follow-up period of 5.7 years, 3,172 of the people on the list (3.6 percent) experienced cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks or heart failure-happening was highest among people with sleep times at midnight or later and lowest among those who fell asleep from 10 to10: 59 p.m.
Even when a number of 37 were taken into account —including age, gender, sleep duration, being an early bird or night owl, smoking status, blood pressure—falling asleep 38 at midnight or later was still linked to the highest increased risk of heart disease.
“The new study really strengthens what we know from a cardiovascular risk 39 opinion—sleep is a risk factor,” said Dr. Francoise Marvel, an assistant professor and co-director of the Johns Hopkins Digital Health Lab at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. “But there is a huge important gap to recognize: There is no evidence to suggest at this point that improving sleep will 40 reduce cardiovascular events, like heart attack.”
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And unless otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always 41 to sit at the back of the classroom.
All this 42 after I joined a sports team. It begin when a teacher 43 I should try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a(n) 44 idea because I didn’t have a good sense of balance. Nor did I have the team ability to keep pace with the others on the team and they would laugh at me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it,” I wouldn’t have decided to give a try.
Taking the 45 to go to the tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started attending the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game. Sometimes I would get 46 and take a shot at the wrong direction -- which made me feel really stupid. 47 , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the games, so I decided to 48 learning the game, do my best at each practice seesion, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t know “just yet.”
I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and exciting. Very soon the competitive part in me was winning over my 50 confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process -- friends who 51 my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!
With my improved self-confidence comes more 52 from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “ 53 ” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call 54 to myself, to raising my hand -- even when I sometimes am not 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.
41．A．hesitated B．chose C．declined D．turned
42．A．reflected B．remained C．changed D．ruined
43．A．admitted B．objected C．suggested D．considered
44．A．crazy B．funny C．interesting D．wonderful
45．A．signal B．impression C．courage D．hesitation
46．A．confused B．bored C．assisted D．frightened
47．A．Effectively B．Regularly C．Historically D．Fortunately
48．A．glance at B．concentrate on C．apply for D．account for
49．A．rules B．structures C．remarks D．gestures
50．A．preference to B．overuse of C．lack of D．awareness of
51．A．experienced B．included C．involved D．respected
52．A．stress B．praise C．energy D．sigh
53．A．sealing B．lasting C．attracting D．hiding
54．A．attention B．authority C．hostility D．damage
55．A．depressed B．regretful C．pleased D．sure
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
36 hours in Siena
Siena takes some beating. The Campo, its main square, is considered one of Europe’s finest medieval (中世纪的) squares. Its cathedral (大教堂) is the most beautiful in central Italy. The art alone that can be found in its many churches, galleries and museums could keep you busy exploring for weeks on end.
While never as overrun as Florence, Siena sees plenty of visitors. By October and November, the Sienese are reclaiming their streets, and the burning heat has given to the gentle warmth of the Tuscan autumn.
Food in the restaurants sees the arrival of seasonal specialties such as porcini (牛肝菌) and juicy grapes. Tuscany’s best wine, however, is available year-round.
56．According to the article, a must for food lovers to visit in Siena is ________ .
A．Via di Città B．the Museo dell’Opera
C．Piazza Salimbeni D．the Pinacoteca Nazionale
57．We can learn from the article that Duomo di Siena________.
A．is free to public B．is the largest cathedral in Italy
C．fell into ruin after the Black Death of 1348 D．has very fine medieval frescoes and sculptures
58．Based on information from the article, visitors can do all of the following things all year round in Siena EXCEPT________.
A．enjoy a cup of cappuccino
B．shop and stroll through the streets
C．taste the area’s delicious porcini and juicy grapes
D．admire the area’s churches, galleries and museums
B
For many people, leisure time is an opportunity to get outdoors, have some fun, and meet interesting people. Add two pieces of sophisticated 21st century technology, global positioning system (GPS) devices and the Internet, to get “geocaching.”
The word geocaching comes from “geo” (earth) and “cache” (hidden treasure). Geocachers log onto a website to find information about the location of a cache—usually a waterproof plastic box containing small items such as toys and CDs, along with a logbook where “finders” can enter comments and learn about the cache’s “owner,” the person who created and hid the cache. Finders may take any of the items in the cache but are expected to replace them with something of similar value. They then visit the website again and write a message to the owner.
Geocaching became possible on May 1, 2000, when U.S. President Bill Clinton announced that a satellite system developed by the U.S. Department of Defense would be made public. Using a fairly inexpensive GPS device, anyone on earth can send a signal to the satellites and receive information about their position. This is basically a high-tech version of orienteering, which uses maps and compasses to determine one’s location.
Geocachers are a very considerate group. Owners are asked to think carefully about a cache’s location in order to give finders an enjoyable experience, such as a beautiful view or a good campsite. They must also consider the environmental impact of their cache since it could result in an increased number of visitors to the area. As for the content of the caches, owners and finders are asked to remember that caches are found by geocachers of all ages. Any treasures in the caches should be suitable for the whole family.
Since geocaching is a new activity governed only by the general agreement of people in online discussion groups, it is always changing. Variations include “travel bugs,” which are objects with tags that ask finders to move them to new locations, which are then tracked online. “Multi-caches” direct finders from one location to the next until they locate the actual caches. “Virtual caches” are located in parks or environmentally sensitive areas where physical caches are not appropriate. These are usually landmarks, such as monuments or historical markers.
Interested in geocaching Look for geocaching groups and events in Europe. Russia, and the United States, or visit geocaching websites from any computer in the world.
59．According to the passage, geocaching is _________
A．a good leisure activity for people who don’t like going outdoors
B．a new leisure activity with the help of some new technology
C．a golden opportunity for people to learn some new technology
D．a good chance to meet famous people like President Clinton
60．Which of the following is not part of geocaching
A．a GPS device B．a shovel
C．the Internet D．toys or other small objects
61．Geocachers need to think about the environment, because _________.
A．their GPS devices produce electrical signals
B．they are a very considerate group
C．their activity may draw more people to the area
D．their destinations always include a beautiful view or campsite
62．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Geocaching is a new activity supported by the local government.
B．Without the owner’s permission, finders can’t take the treasure.
C．Thanks to the new technology, geocaching has many variations.
D．Geocaching is appropriate for the whole family to do together.
C
People climbing Mount Everest are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds. Everest, high in the Himalayans, is the tallest mountain above sea level on Earth. It reaches 8,848 meters into the sky.
Between 2006 and 2019, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one—third went all the way to the top.
The number of attempts to reach the top of Everest has risen sharply over the years, leading to a 300 percent increase in overcrowding. In 2019, 955 climbers tried to reach the mountaintop. Only 222 people did so in 2000.
The study noted that on a single day in May of last year, 396 climbers had gathered at the narrow path just below the top. The area, known as the “death zone,” is so narrow that only a small number of climbers can pass through, one directly behind another.
Nine climbers died on Everest in May 2019. It was the deadliest Everest climbing season since 2015 when an earthquake killed at least 18 people on the mountain.
A picture of climbers waiting their tun to go up and down through the death zone became famous as it was shared online. Yet researchers say the crowds were not the main reason for the deaths last year. “Surprisingly crowding has no evident effect on success or death” of Everest climbers, the study said.
However, overcrowding does make the climb more dangerous. “If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness,” said Raymond B．Huey, lead writer of the report.
An unexpected storm, earthquake, or landslide could be disastrous, he told Reuters by email.
Climbers have expressed concern about giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 permission to climb Everest. Nepal plans to change its policy to require climbers to use guides, and meet physical fitness and experience qualifications, said tourism department official Mira Acharya.
Nepal temporarily closed its mountains to climbers because of the coronavirus health crisis. Now they are open again. However, Acharya noted that flights into and within Nepal have not restarted.
63．Supposing 900 people took part in the climbing Mount Everest between 1990 and 2005, how many of them reached the top
A．300. B．400. C．500. D．600
64．Why does overcrowding make the climbing more dangerous
A．Because it surprisingly leads to death for those climbers.
B．Because it stopped the climbers from reaching the top at the area called “death zone”.
C．Because it exposes climbers to increasing risk of an accident or illness.
D．Because it gets climbers stranded in “death zone” and unable to get further supplies.
65．According to the report, what is the possible reason for overcrowding
A．More people want to experience the climbing to the top of Mount Everest.
B．A picture of climbers waiting to reach the top inspires more people to give it a try.
C．Nepal government gives climbers permission without restrictions.
D．More people want to climb the Mount Everest before Nepal takes restrictions.
66．What is the general idea of this passage
A．Climbers are more likely to lose their lives before Reaching Top of Mount Everest.
B．More climbers need to be trained before climbing Mount Everest.
C．Enough experience in climbing mountains matters so much.
D．Climbers are twice as likely to reach top of Mount Everest than in Past.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The new semester has begun, and it’ll be a fresh start for you. First of all, congratulations ! 67 Now the hard work really begins. You’re probably feeling excited or maybe a bit nervous about what awaits you at senior high. What everyone mentions is the increased schoolwork and preparing for gaokao, but senior high is not all about the national college entrance exam. 68 In junior high,you followed your teacher’s instructions. But as a senior, you’re expected to think and study independently -how you organize your study notes and how often you study are left up to you.
69 The first year in senior high offers many development opportunities. Joining various activities can enrich your school life, help you to make new friends, broaden your horizons (开阔眼界) and deal with stressful situations.
70 So, open yourself up and make new friends. Life will be easier and more exciting if you have people to share the good times and the bad times of these years.
A．You’ve successfully graduated from junior high school.
B．However, studying is not the most important thing.
C．So from now on, try to explore the field you’re interested in.
D．Many say that they make lifelong friends in high school.
E．Indeed, you shouldn’t be afraid of moving up to senior high school
F．In truth, it is about preparing for the future and being responsible.
IV. Summary Writing(共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Cycling isn’t always easy. Busy streets, honking horns, and inadequate bike lanes can make it an uphill battle. But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ passion for cycling. According to BBC, bicycles outsold cars in most of the European Union’s states last year.
There are traditional bicycle capitals”, such as Amsterdam in the Netherlands and Copenhagen in Denmark. But in many other traditionally car-made countries, the shift to bikes is striking. Italians, for instance, bought 1.6 million bikes against 1.4 million cars in 2012.
So what has led to cycling’s growing popularity in Europe
The economic crisis has played an important role in the issue. “The economic crisis has had an effect on all areas of people’s lives, including on transport,” Giulietta Pagliaccio, head of the Italian cycling federation FIAB, told the Australian Associated Press.
Since the European debt crisis broke out in 2009, more people lost their jobs while the cost of living, including fuel costs, continued to rise. It forced many people to give up driving to save money, the Guangzhou-based New Express commented. Take Greece, a country seriously hit by the crisis, for example. It sold 320,000 bikes last year against 58,000 cars.
More importantly, people have changed their views toward cars and bikes. Cars are losing their appeal as status symbols. Yet, cycling is now seen as “a safe, clean, healthy, inexpensive way to get around town”, the Daily Star concluded. “It not only reduces traffic jam and pollution, but also contributes to public health.”
However, with more and more people turning to cycling, questions remain about traffic and safety problems.
To ease people’s worries, dozens of cities have joined a European Union to make bicycles equal to cars as a form of urban transport. Quite a few cities now offer well-marked bike lanes, such as the cycling super-highway marked in blue in London. It runs all over the city, from the center to the suburbs.
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V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
洪水发生后，这个村庄几乎被毁了。(destroy)
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要花很多年才能恢复自然平衡，因为大自然是脆弱的，很容易被破坏。(It)
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抱怨网络对热爱冒险的青少年的消极影响是无意义的。(point; impact)
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我觉得很有必要给这个孩子一个教训，他不能把过错甩锅到父母身上。(blame)
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VI.Guided Writing(共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是高一年级学生Leo，最近学校英语周报(《 School Weekly》)正在招募( recruit vt.)校园记者，你很感兴趣，决定写一封申请信。信的主要内容包括：
1. 你认为自己有什么特长或经验有助于你胜任这份工作；
2. 如果你申请成功，你打算展开哪几项具体工作。
Dear teachers,
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Yours sincerely,
Leo

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