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96 The dead return the dead与the living均为“the +形容词”的结构，表示某类人 the sick 病人 the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the dumb 哑巴 the deaf 聋子 the weak 弱者 the strong 强者 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人
1. A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan.
2. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living.
主语+ be said + ... “据说......”,对不太有把握的事发表看法时一种谨慎的说法
3. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them.
be expected to... 被认为....../被预料...... lay out 摆出、摊开
4. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way.
specially-made 复合形容词，由“副词+过去分词”构成 well- known 著名的 hand- made 手工制作的 heart- broken 心碎的 new- born 新生的 悬挂 hang--- hung ---hung； 绞死，上吊 hang---hanged--- hanged
5. All night long, people dance and sing.
all night long 整夜，long 是副词，表示“整个”、“在正阶段中”，通常与all连用
6. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it.
throw...into... 把......扔进....., 投入到......
7. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water when the festival is over.
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8. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world.
thousands of...成千上万的,后接名词的复数形式,由于表示笼统数量, 前面不能加具体数字类似的还有hundreds / millions / billions of ... the other world 另一个世界 world可以与一些限定词连用以表示“今世/ 现世”、“来世”、“黄泉”表达“死”的委婉语 pass away 过世 end one’s day 寿终 breath one’s last 咽气 go to sleep 长眠 be no more 不在了
9. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.
spectacle n. 壮观的景象; 精彩的表演; 出人意外的情况
易混单词 (1)usual 与usually ①usual通常为形容词，表示“通常的”、“平常的”、“惯常的”等。 It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. 上个星期日天气暖和，于是我和往常一样，又去河边坐着。 One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual 有个星期一，这家商场里的人比往常少。 It it usual with him to get up late. 他常起得迟。 I parked the car at the usual place. 我在往常那个地方停了车。（usual既可以作表语，又可作定语） ②usually为频度副词，表示“平常”、“通常”。 What time do you usually wake up in the morning 通常你早晨几点钟醒？ Police officers in the UK do not usually carry arms. 英国警察通常不携带武器。 (2)between和among ①介词between表示“在（两者）之间”。 The paper had fallen down between the desk and the wall. 那张纸掉在桌子和墙壁之间的缝隙里。 ②当表示两两之间的相互关系时，between可用于3个或3个以上的名词前。 The village lies between a river, a mountain and a road. 这个村子位于一条河、一座山和一条马路中间。 ③among表示“在......中间”或“被......环绕”，指三者以上。 He is very happy again among the friends. 他很高兴又和朋友们在一起了。 (3)manager, director 与headmaster 这3个都是表示职务的词，manager通常译为“经理”，director可表示“主任”、“董事”等，headmaster则指“校长”。 I entered the hotel manager’s office and sat down. 我走进饭店经理的办公室，坐了下来。 Before he retired, Frank was the director of a very large company. 弗兰克在退休前是一家非常大的公司的主管。 I haven’t met the headmaster of this school yet. 我还没有见过这个学校的校长。 (4)cloth, clothes与clothing ①cloth通常指“布”、“布料”，为不可数名词；cloth表示“抹布”、“桌布”时为可数名词。 There’s enough cloth for a skirt. 那块布料够做一跳裙子。 Wipe up the mess with a cloth. 拿块抹布把那些脏东西擦掉。 ②clothes表示“衣服”、“服装”，后面动词用复数形式。 My clothes are mostly bought from abroad. 我的衣服大部分是从国外买的。 ③clothing是服装的总称，为不可数名词，不仅包括衣服，还包括鞋、帽等。 Human beings need food, clothing and shelter. 人类有衣、食、住的需求。 (5)salute和greet ①salute: 指向某人或某事物表示的祝贺、敬意等，或指军人的敬礼。 She waved in salute. 她挥手致意。 The soldiers stood to attention at the salute. 士兵们立正敬礼。 ②greeting: 指见面时的问候，可以是言语或行为，含友好之意。 Tom gave us a cheery greeting. 汤姆愉快地跟我们打招呼。 He raised his hand in greeting. 他举起手来打招呼。 (6)clear和clean clear和clean均可作形容词，词形也较相似，但含义却不同。 ①clear可以表示“清澈的”、“明亮的”、“晴朗的”等含义。 The water in the river was so clear that you could see fishes swimming in it. 河里的水是如此清澈，你都可以看见鱼儿在里面游来游去。 Seeing that it was a clear day, he drove to the countryside. 那天天气晴朗，他便驱车去了乡下。 ②clear还可以表示“清楚的”、“明确的”、“明了的”等。 I want to make it clear that I’m not paying the bill. 我想说清楚我不会付这账单。 ③clear的另一个含义是“畅通的”、“无障碍的”或“无危险的”。 You can drive fast only when you are on a clear road. 只有在畅通的路上你才能把车开快。 ④clean的主要含义是“干净的”，还可以表示“无污点的”、“无犯罪历史的”。 The hotel was spotlessly clean . 这家旅馆干净得一尘不染。 He has a clean record. 他一贯表现很好（没有前科）。 (7)wash 与wash up ①wash一般指“洗”、“洗涤”，也可以指“冲走”、“卷走”。 She has washed all those clothes. 她把那些衣服都洗了。 The little wooden house was washed away by the flood. 那个小木屋被洪水冲走了。 ② wash up在英国英语中指“洗餐具”，也可以指“把......冲上岸”。 When you phoned, she was busy washing up. 你打电话时她正忙着洗盘子。 The dead body of a huge fish has been washed up on the shore. 一条巨大的死于被冲上了岸。 (8)temper 和mood ①temper可以指“脾气”、“性情”，mood则不可以。 Whatever happens, remember to keep your temper. 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。 My sister is a calm/ quick temper. 我妹妹性情平和/ 脾气暴躁。 My grandfather has a temper. 我爷爷容易生气。 The boss is in a temper today. 老板今天脾气不好。 ②temper指“心情”、“情绪”时，与mood同义，但bad mood与bad temper稍有区别。 That morning George was in a good mood/ temper. 那天上午，乔治心情好。 When he is in a bad temper, he gets angry easily. But when he is in a bad mood, he likes to sit alone. 当他脾气不好时，他很容易生气。但当他心情不好时，他喜欢独自坐着。 ③mood可以表示“有意/ 想要（做某事）”, temper则不可以。 At that time I was not in the mood for talking/ to talk. 当时我没有心情/ 不想说话。 Although Jeremy is well-known for his great sense of humour, he is in no mood for telling funny stories today. 尽管杰里米以绝妙的幽默感著称，但他今天没有心情讲笑话。 (9)too与enough ①这两个词都可以作程度副词，但too通常位于它所修饰的形容词/ 分词之前，enough则位于它所修饰的词之后。 He’s too weak to lift the box. 他太弱了，举不起这个箱子。 He isn’t strong enough to life the box. 他不够强壮，举不起这个箱子。 ②在含有不定式的句型里，too经常具有否定的含义，enough则表示达到必要的程度。 The type was too small for me to read. 这种印刷文字太小，我看不清。 The pear is ripe enough for me to eat. 这梨熟得能让我吃了。 (10)enough 与fairly ①enough表示“足够”，用在形容词或副词之后；enough修饰名词时一般趋于放在所修饰名词之前，也可放在名词之后，但现代英语中不常用。 I’m old enough to know what I’m doing. 我已经大了，知道自己在干什么。 I didn’t arrive at the station early enough. 我到车站不够早。 We've got just about enough time to get there. 我们刚刚有足够的时间赶到那里。 ②fairly表示“相当”，通常修饰表示肯定意义的词。 The water in the pool is fairly warm, but not warm enough to swim in. 池里的水相当暖和，但如果要游泳则还不够暖。 He is fairly quick, but not quick enough to take part in the race. 他跑得相当快，但要参加比赛还不够快。 (11)free与single ①free可以表示“免费的”、“无偿的”，还可以表示“自由的”、“没有束缚的”、“空闲的”等。 She has got some free tickets to the comedy show. 她有这场喜剧表演的一些免费入场券。 You are free to make your own decision. 你有权做出自己的决定。 I’m free on Friday evening. 我星期五晚上有空。 ②single可以指人“单身的”、“独身的”、“未婚的”。 There are more and more single women in modern cities. 现代城市里单身女人越来越多了。 Is it difficult being a single mother 做单身妈妈难吗？ (12)queue与row ①queue可以作不及物动词，表示“排队”，也可以作名词，表示按顺序等待的人、车等的“行列”、“队”，通常为纵队。 She has to queue for the bus every morning. 她每天早上都得排队等公共汽车。 People stood in a long queue to buy lottery tickets. 人们排起了长龙买彩票。 ②row可以指人或物的“一排”、“一行”，通常为横向的。 You can see me in this old photo, standing in the back row. 你可以在这张照片中找到我，我当时站在后排。 Please put the desks in four rows. 请把课桌摆成4排。
as的用法归纳 请找出课文中含有as的句子。 As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them. （as作连词，引导原因状语从句） All night long, people dance and sing. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. （as作连词，引导原因状语从句） <1> 作连词，引导状语从句 as引导时间状语从句 as引导时间状语从句时，主句和从句的动作同时发生。 The teacher came in as they were laughing. 他们正在大笑，老师进来了。 As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。 as引导原因状语从句 当原因显而易见或已为人所知时，多用as或since。 As it was getting late, we soon turned back. 因为时间已晚，我们随即归来。 She may need some help as she’s new. 因为她是新来的，可能需要些帮助。 as引导让步状语状语从句 as引导让步状语从句时，从句要部分倒装，倒装部分为表语、状语或动词原形。倒装时，名词前的冠词需要省略。 Much as I like it, I will not buy it. 即使我很喜欢它，我也不会买。 Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 as引导方式状语从句 方式状语从句一般位于主句之后，有时也位于句中。 When in Roman, do as Romans do. 入乡随俗。（谚） He refused to spend time with us or do as we tell him. 他拒绝和我们呆在一起，也不按照我们告诉他的去做。 as... as...引导的比较状语从句 as... as...引导的比较状语从句中，第一个as是副词第二个as是连词。 He ran as fast as He could. 他尽力快速地跑。 It’s not as difficult as I expected. 并不像我所预料的那样难。 <2> 作关系代词，引导定语从句 This is the same game as I played yesterday, 这和我昨天玩的游戏一样。 I don’t like such books as he recommends. 我不喜欢他推荐的那些书。 <3> 作介词，意为“作为”、“像，如同”等 He came to China as a tourist five years ago. 五年前，他以游客的身份来过中国。 They were all dressed as clowns. 他们都打扮成小丑。

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