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河北省部分市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语汇编：
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河北省百师联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末大联考英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Below is a list of the top and leading Theme Parks in London.
Chessington World of Adventures Resort
It is a theme park and resort that offers a fun and enjoyable experience for both adults and kids. It’s a perfect place to visit to relax over the weekend with the different rides, attractions, zoo and sea life exhibits, shows and entertainment that they have. They house over 1,000 animals in their zoo and around 40 rides that will make your visit highly enjoyable.
Thorpe Park Resort
It is the go-to place for all thrill seekers that are looking for an ultimate experience near London. Famous for their different rides, you will certainly enjoy the unique experience that only they can offer. Seek the best adventure and leisure at this park and spend your day with your family, friends, and loved ones.
Hyde Park Winter Wonderland
As one of the best Christmas destinations in London, located in the heart of London, it is opening their doors every November 19 to January 3 to all individuals of varying ages and gender, who want to experience the festivity that Christmas season brings.
ClownTown
It is the largest indoor activity centre created for all kids looking for some fun and adventure. Established in 1994, this centre offers a safe, secure and wonderful suroundings where your kids can play and have a pleasant and amusing time. It can also help host your kids’ birthday party based on their personal likes and interests and can accommodate (容纳) a maximum of 25 children with the package including one and a half hours of play time and 30 minutes meal time.
1. Which park may attract extreme sports lovers
A. ClownTown. B. Thorpe Park Resort.
C. Hyde Park Winter Wonderland. D. Chessington World of Adventures Resort.
2. What is special about ClownTown
A. It holds various outdoors activities. B. It is suitable for both adults and kids.
C. It provides tailored services for kids. D. It’s the best place for Christmas celebrations.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A guidebook. B. A business plan. C. A fashion magazine. D. An academic article.
B
An owl (猫头鹰) named Flaco escaped New York’s Central Park Zoo last week after his cage was broken. This set off a bird-hunt of police officers and park rangers (护林员). Zoo officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he needed in the wild. They placed some of his favorite treats in the open air to attempt to trap him.
Flaco was not fooled. Instead, he was sighted flying over5th Avenue, and Central Park’s skating rink. A number of New Yorkers came into Central Park to try to catch a glimpse of Flaco, taking photos with excitement.
But this week, zoo officials announced they accepted that Flaco remained in Central Park because he had been seen bringing up bones and fur from the park’s community of rats. “He has been very successful at hunting and consuming lots of rats in the park.” zoo officials told the New York Post.“ And that’s amazing. He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaceo really seems to be enjoying himself out there.”
There is a caution attached to this story of an owl who is making it on his own in the city that never sleeps. Owls are nocturnal. They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of people who work the overnight shift. Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.
4. Why were zoo officials concerned about Flaco’s ability to survive
A. Because his favourite food was too little. B. Because he might be attacked by police.
C. Because his cage was severely damaged. D. Because he was kept in his cage for long.
5. What can we infer about Flaco from the third paragraph
A. He has adapted to the wild. B. He has found his previous home.
C. He still faces great challenges. D. He dislikes the rats in the park.
6. What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Scary-looking. B. Shy and quiet.
C Active at night. D. Badly-behaved.
7. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the interruption to Flaco’s sleep
A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Unclear. D. Disapproving.
C
Recent the news a school in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, serves pre-made meals to its students have sparked heated discussions across the country. People doubt if pre-made meals, despite being convenient, are healthy and nutritious enough for growing teenagers.
Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared, according to the China Cuisine Association. There are several types of pre-made foods, including ready-to-eat food, such as canned food or cooked food in packages, and ready-to-heat or ready-to-cook food, which requires heating or cooking before being served.
Many people tend to think that ready-to-heat and ready-to-cook foods are less nutritious because they usually need to be kept in refrigerators. “Actually freezing does not cause a loss of nutrients,” Liu Junya, a 33-year-old dietitian in Beijing said. “Nutrient loss typically occurs during the heating or frying process.”
Vitamins from the B group and vitamin C found in meat and vegetables are heat-sensitive and can be lost during the process. By being heated or cooked twice or more, “pre-made foods can be less nutritious than freshly prepared and cooked foods,” Liu said.
Meanwhile, “many pre-made food companies prioritize taste over nutrition,” said Liu. This leads to higher levels of salt and sugar in the food, which may lead to health problems, such as high blood pressure in the long term.
Additives (添加剂) are also a major concern related to pre-made food. In China, there are strict standards for food additives. Currently, China’s food industry has well-developed techniques to preserve pre-made food without the excessive use of additives. Some food can be sterilized (消毒) and then sealed (密封) after cooking, followed by low-temperature storage, allowing for a longer shelf life. However, it’s essential that customers buy pre-made meals from qualified food companies or supermarkets.
It is hoped that regulations on pre-made meals can be strengthened to better ensure nutrition and hygiene (卫生). This way, “pre-made meals will be more accepted by the public,” Liu said.
8. What can we learn about pre-made meals from the article
A. They are typically costly and flavorful. B. They are rich in a large numbe of vitamins.
C. They taste better than homemade food. D. They are already partially or fully cooked.
9. According to Liu Junya, when does nutrient loss typically occur in pre-made foods
A. During freezing. B. During cooking. C. During packaging. D. During sales.
10. What is one of the key recommendations for consumers regarding pre-made meals
A. Buy from reliable sources. B. Check the cooking instructions.
C. Keep pre-made meals frozen. D. Pay attention to the additives used.
11. What does Liu Junya think of pre-made meals
A. They are a convenient choice for all. B. They are suitable for daily life.
C. They can be nutritious if properly regulated. D. They are best avoided for long-term health.
D
Slobodchikoff, a biologist who has spent years working to better understand the calls of dogs, used that knowledge to help people who were having trouble with their pets.
A man reported his dog wanted to bite him. So Slobodchikoff went to the man’s house. He watched as the owner walked over to the dog, towered over the pet and then said, “Good dog!” in a low-pitched(音高) voice. “The dog ran into a corner,” Slobodchikoff recalled. The owner had scared the dog. Slobodchikoff recommended that the man should do the opposite. The owner took that advice—and ended up developing a great relationship with his pet.
Not everyone has the time to study dog communications or the money to bring in an expert. Slobodchikoff thinks tech could help. He thinks a cell phone app or device that you could point at a dog. This would record video and audio(音频) of a dog’s behavior and then upload it.An artificial intelligence(AI)system would later analyze it.
The AI “ would translate this for you into English or any other language,” says Slobodchikoff. The result, he explains, may be something like “‘I’m hungry’ or ‘I need to go outside to pee’ or ‘I want to go for a walk.’”
To train the AI system, Slobodchikoff planned to get data directly from pet dogs, but for some reason, he hasn’t yet restarted the project to date, but hopes to soon.
Search an app store for a pet translator and you’ll find plenty. Some are completely unscientific and silly. MeowTalk, however, is a cat-translation app based on an AI model. In 2021, its creators reported that the AI model achieved 90 percent accuracy at identifying nine different emotional states in meows. These included angry, happy, hunting, pain and rest. The app picks conversational phrases based on these emotions, like “nice to see you,” or “let me rest.”
People who have tried the app say it doesn’t always work well. But better translations of barks and meows may be just around the corner.
12. What might the man do to calm the dog
A. Tower over the pet dog. B. Follow the dog to the corner.
C. Give the dog delicious food. D. Speak in a high-pitched voice.
13. What is the function of the AI system in Slobodchikoff’s view
A. To analyze data. B. To train a dog.
C. To record a dog’s behavior. D. To collect data from a dog.
14. What can we know about MeowTalk
A. It can communicate with cats. B. It can judge cats’ state of mood.
C. It can store 90 conversational phrases. D. It can be used to track pet cats.
15. What is mainly talked about in the passage
A. A biologist’s puzzle. B. Slobodchikoff’s achievements.
C. Trials of animal translator technology. D. The invention of Slobodchikoff.
河北省衡水市枣强县董子高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
A
The first rule of popular science is to reveal the wonder and mystery of the world. For that reason, Sentient (Picador), written by photographer and wildlife film-maker Jackie Higgins, is my pick of the year. According to my interviews with many readers, I select other four newly-published books in 2022.
Delicious
This book describes how our ancestors hunted and consumed ancient animals such as mammoths, bison, giant camels and many more now-extinct species. The diet of the Clovis peoples of North America was a menu described as “a record of a lost world”. This book explains how our dinners robbed the world of so many large animals. It gives inspiration for how modern humans can be at peace with nature.
The New Climate War
In 1999, Mann published a graph showing the rapid post-industrial rise in global temperatures. Two decades later, his book The New Climate War remains convinced that we can prevent climate change. This book sets out a common-sense approach to carbon pricing and a revision of the Green New Deal. Of course, there are still many people who deny that climate change is even happening.
The Geodesic Dome
Physicist Kate Greene imagines that she spends four months in a geodesic dome in Hawaii, with five other people, to mimic living in a colony on another planet. The story describes the future of our Earth. Kate makes readers cherish the natural environment. “No sunshine on our skin, and no fresh air in our lungs,” Greene turns the frustrations into a moving story.
Florida Scrub-Jay
The birds were once common across the peninsula. But as development over the last 100 years reduced the habitats on which the bird depends, the species became endangered. Mark Walters travels the state to report on the natural history and the current situation of Florida’s flag ship birds. This book can raise people’s awareness of protecting the birds’ habitats.
1. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He’s a column journalist. B. He’s a scientist.
C. He’s a film-maker. D. He’s a photographer.
2. Which book might be science fiction
A. Delicious. B. Florida Scrub-Jay.
C. The Geodesic Dome. D. The New Climate War.
3. What do the listed books have in common
A. They have happy endings. B. They record the natural history.
C. They face doubts from many scientists. D. They involve the environmental protection.
B
Jase’s family had his twin sisters, Milly and Rosie, his dad, Peter, and his mom, Lydia. They were happy in their comfortable small home.
When Jase ran down the stairs, he saw a large Christmas tree in the living room and a great number of present, boxes under it. He knew it was finally Christmas. The excited little boy rummaged through the presents for a good ten minutes before finding his.
“A fire truck!” he shouted so excitedly and loudly that his father, who was outside clearing snow, and his mother, who was in the kitchen, rushed into the living room. Jase had learned at school that firefighters were true heroes who saved people from danger. So the little boy wished to be a firefighter, and all his favorite toys were also related to firefighters! Jase was so happy with his Christmas present that he spent the whole day driving his toy truck. He also gave his little sisters a ride in it, and they loved it.
After dinner that night, when everyone was asleep, Jase was up and decided to take his truck down to the living room and play with it. Trying not to make a noise, he reached the living room. He sat inside his toy truck and began driving it around, imagining how he would do it if he were a real firefighter.
Suddenly, Jase felt something strange—a mixture of smoke, heat, and light. Jase’s parents had forgotten to put out some candles, which had caught the tree and the living room curtains on fire.
The fire was spreading fast, and Jase panicked. He shouted as he rushed upstairs to wake up his twin sisters. Milly woke up and ran downstairs with him, but Rosie was asleep, so he carried her in his arms. He then put his sisters in the truck and rushed to Peter and Lydia’s room.
Peter and Lydia called 911, and firefighters arrived and put out the fire.
4. What does the underlined phrase “rummaged through” in paragraph mean
A. Collected. B. Observed.
C. Searched for. D. Prepared for.
5. Why was Jase so excited to get a toy fire truck
A. His ambition was to become a brave firefighter.
B. His parents expected him to be a firefighter.
C. He didn’t have a toy concerning firefighters.
D. He wished to share such a toy with his sisters.
6. What caused the fire at Jase’s house
A. The Christmas tree caught fire easily.
B. His parents left the candles burning.
C. The children played with a fire nearby.
D. The tree was near the window curtains.
7. Which of the following can best describe Jase
A. Positive and generous.
B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Inspiring and hardworking.
D. Considerate and brave.
C
Electric cars are already greener than petrol cars in almost every part of the world today, according to researchers. They say electric vehicles are “a no-regret choice” even in places where power nets haven’t gone fully green.
Some previous comparisons suggested petrol cars produce lower net carbon emissions (净碳排放量) over their lifetime than battery- powered cars. Yet these analyses have often compared only two fixed models of cars.
Instead, the researchers from Radboud University looked at the average emissions across many classes of car to get a clearer global picture. It includes during its production, while it is being driven and when it is broken, for all the petrol and electric cars sold in 59 areas across the world in 2015. They connected with information of those areas in the following years and found that the electric vehicles are greener than the new petrol cars. Electric vehicles already have lower net carbon emissions in 53 of those 59 areas. Only in some countries that use coal heavily, such as India and Poland, are electric car emissions worse than those of petrol cars.
The researchers say that the differences between petrol and electric cars on the carbon emissions will grow bigger as power stations get greener. By 2030, they expect the carbon emissions of electric cars to be 20 percent lower than that in 2015, and 30 percent lower by 2050. The suggestions for governments are clear, says Knobloch.“There is no need to wait. Don’t be confused by all those different results out there. It’s a no-regret choice already.”
8. Why did the former comparison show petrol cars more greener
A. It was too simple.
B. It had no scientific basis.
C. It lacked experimental evidence.
D. It lacked enough reference objects.
9. How many areas do electric cars have higher net carbon emissions
A. 6. B. 53. C. 59. D. 112.
10. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Petrol cars will be fully replaced.
B. The carbon emissions of electric cars will be zero.
C. Power stations will get huge advance technologically.
D. Petrol cars’ pollution will force people to buy electric cars.
11 What is the purpose of the text
A. To state the development of electric cars.
B. To tell readers how to choose an electric car.
C. To show electric cars are greener than petrol cars.
D. To state the differences between petrol and electric cars.
河北青龙满族自治县平方子乡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize for her work in helping to discover a crucial new treatment for malaria. The 84-year-old’s route to the honour has been anything but traditional. In China, she is being called the “three nos” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas.
In 1967, malaria, a deadly disease at that time, spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit “Mission 523” was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 523”.
The team read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for the medicine for malaria, more than 240,000 compounds around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 CE. The team took out one active compound in wormwood, and then tested it.
But nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she changed the drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point.
After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion. One former colleague, Li Lianda, says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”, adding that “if she disagrees with something, she will say it.”
Another colleague, Liao Fuming, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives.
1. According to paragraph 1, we can learn that 　　　.
A. Tu has a medical degree
B. Tu discovered a cure for malaria
C. Tu’s road to success is not traditional
D. Tu is the first woman to win the Nobel Prize
2. The underlined word “decimating” can be replaced by “　　　”.
A. encouraging B. killing
C. annoying D. benefiting
3. Tu Youyou can be best described as a 　　　person.
A. devoted and stubborn
B. considerate and tough
C. sociable and generous
D. straightforward and mean
B
We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in many cultures. So does laughter and crying.There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behaviour patterns.
Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. However, “he opened his eyes wide” is used to suggest “anger” in Chinese whereas in English it means “surprise”. In Chinese “surprise” can be described in a phrase like “they stretch out their tongues”! “Sticking out your tongue” in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike.
Even in the same culture, people differ in the ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognising fear, anger, love and happiness on people’s faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognise or understand body language than younger people do.
4. According to the passage,________.
A we can hardly understand what people’s gestures mean
B. we cannot often be sure what people mean when they describe their feelings in words or gestures
C. words can be better understood by older people
D. gestures can be understood by most of the people while words cannot
5. In the same culture,________.
A. people have different abilities to understand and express feelings
B. people have the same understanding of something
C. people never fail to understand each other
D. people are equally intelligent
6. From this passage,we can conclude ________.
A. words are used as frequently as gestures
B. words are often difficult to be understood
C. words and gestures are both used in expressing feelings
D. gestures are more efficiently used than words
7. The best title for this passage may be “________”.
A. Words and feelings
B. Words, gestures and feelings
C. Gestures and feelings
D. Culture and understanding
C
The British are known for their sense of humour. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The reason is that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It’ a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humour.
Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to their everyday life when someone accidentally falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave. What’s more, the British love to watch comedies (喜剧) about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedy series Mr. Bean is a good example of this kind of humour.
Mr Bean doesn’t talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do. Mr. Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour. Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour.
8. Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes
A. The British often enlarge the fact.
B. British jokes are connected with many different cultures.
C. British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.
D. The British usually use understatement.
9. The author explains understatement by ________.
A. describing a process B. making comparisons
C. following the time order D. using examples
10. Mr Bean makes people laugh by ________.
A. using his body movements and facial expressions B. making jokes about others’ accent
C. copying how others behave D. telling funny stories
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. British humour in comedy B. Humour in different cultures
C. Understanding British humour D. Developing your sense of humour
D
Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney’s entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks Well, one reason is the way they’re treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests” as they prefer to call them and to see that they enjoy themselves.
All new employees, from vice presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions I”. Here, they learn about the company’s history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.
After passing “Traditions I”, the employees go on to more specialised training for their specific jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four to eight hours of training a day. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.” Even Disney’s managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company’s goals more clearly.
All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long time business observer once said, “How Disney treats people,communicates with them, rewards them, is in my view the very reason for its success. I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”
12. The main aim of the Disney employees is to 　　　.
A. learn all parts of the business
B. make their guests enjoy themselves
C. be able to answer all kinds of questions
D. keep their important guests happy
13. Each year,managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to .
A. set a good example to employees
B. remind themselves of their beginnings at Disney
C. gain a better view of the company’s goals
D. replace employees on holiday
14. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.
B. Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.
C. Parades are regularly held in Disney’s entertainment parks.
D. Disney’s managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in the Disney parks.
15. This passage is mainly about 　　　.
A. how Disney employees are trained
B the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises
C. why Disney enterprises make a lot of money
D. the importance Disney places on serving people well
河北省沧州市吴桥县吴桥中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
African American Heroes
Bessie Coleman
The skies had never seen a pilot like Bessie Coleman before. She was the first African American woman to obtain an international pilot’s license, flying to new heights that Black people in the United States had never reached before. But as a Black woman in the 1920s, she faced many barriers because of her race and sex. She would say that “the air is the only place free from prejudice(偏见).”
Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.
Nothing was going to stop Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. from becoming a pilot. Not his white classmates at West Point, a military academy, refusing to be his roommate. Or being banned from an all-white officers’ club, even though he was an officer himself. Or being rejected from the Army Air Corps, an early version of the Air Force, because he was African American.
Ida B. Wells
Ida B. Wells was born into slavery in Mississippi on July 16, 1862. After moving to Tennessee when she was about 20, Wells began writing for Black newspapers, speaking out against segregated schools—which forced Black children to go to separate schools—and other forms of discrimination(歧视) in the southern states.
Katherine Johnson
The stars were always within reach for Katherine Johnson. Using her mathematics skills she helped NASA send astronauts to the moon and return them safely home. One of her biggest achievements at NASA was helping calculate the path of the country’s first human spaceflight in 1961, making sure astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. had a safe trip. A year later she helped figure out John Glenn’s orbit of the planet, another American first. In 1969, she calculated the path of Neil Armstrong’s historic mission to the moon on Apollo 11.
1. What do Bessie Coleman and Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. have in common
A. They were both pilots. B. They were military officers.
C. They had the same classmate. D. They organized various clubs.
2. What is probably Ida B. Wells
A. A novelist. B. A journalist. C. A spokesman. D. A headmaster.
3. Who helped space explorers reach new worlds
A. Bessie Coleman. B. Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. C. Ida B. Wells. D. Katherine Johnson.
B
Jake was a nine-year-old boy of an orphan’s home (孤儿院), one of ten children supported by what contributions the home could secure on a continuous struggle. There was very little to eat, but at Christmas there always seemed to be a little more than usual, and the home seemed a little warmer. It was a time for more than usual enjoyment, but more than this, there was an orange.
At Christmas time, each child received an orange; the only time of year that such a rare item was provided, and it was coveted (垂涎) by each child like no other thing they ever possessed. They would save it for several days, admiring it, feeling it, loving it, and contemplating the moment when they would eat it. Truly, many of them would wait until New Year’s Day or later to eat it.
This Christmas Day, Jake had disobeyed the regulations of the orphan’s home in some manner and his punishment was loss of the orange privilege. After a year of waiting for this rare occasion, and this most desired of all rewards, it was to be denied. Jake spent the Christmas Day empty and alone. It even seemed that the other children didn’t want to associate with a person who didn’t have an orange. Night time arrived and this was the worst time of all for Jake; he could not sleep. Silently, he cried, mostly because he didn’t have an orange like the other kids.
A soft hand placed on Jake’s shoulder shocked him momentarily and an object was quickly pressed into his hands. The donor disappeared into the dark of the room, leaving Jake with what he did not immediately identify as an orange. Not a regular run-of-the-orange, but one from parts of nine other oranges. Nine other highly prized oranges that would, of necessity, be eaten this day instead of several days hence.
4. What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. The orphan’s home was a rather warm place.
B. Jake lived a hard life in the orphan’s home.
C. Children in the orphan’s home enjoyed themselves.
D. The orphan’s home was devoted to ensuring children’s safety.
5. What does the underlined word “contemplating” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Thinking about. B. Forgetting about. C. Preparing for. D. Showing off.
6. Why was Jake unable to get an orange
A. He disliked to eat oranges. B. He preferred some other fruits.
C. He broke the rules of the orphan’s home. D. He missed the chance to get one.
7. How did Jake feel when he received the object
A. Curious. B. Frightened. C. Upset. D. Surprised.
C
While the metaverse (虚拟空间) may seem virtual to many people, it has provided Italian artist Elisa Laraia with a real-life trip to China, where she demonstrated the charm of technology through several works of art from her native land.
The three-day 11th China Popularized Science Products Exposition, in the city of Wuhu, concluded on Monday. With an exhibition area of 36,000-square-metres, it offered audiences a fresh look at science and technology through its panoramic (全景) virtual exhibition hall and highly interactive exhibits.
Multiple leading sci-tech achievements and cutting-edge products were introduced and displayed. For Elisa, the exhibition provided a rare opportunity to gain an in-depth understanding of the metaverse concept and China’s development in this field.
Back home in Italy, Elisa is a professor at the School of Sculpture at the Naples Academy of Fine Arts, and director of Laboratorio Permanent e di Arte Pubblica (LAP) — a permanent public art workshop. Over a period of years, she has become increasingly attracted by her Chinese students, taking more interest in Chinese art and culture. One of her Chinese students has been serving as LAP’s Chinese liaison (联络人) and invited her to attend the exhibition in Wuhu, bringing along some art works from Italy.
Elisa grasped the opportunity to see China for the first time, and brought a series of works by seven artists from the Naples Academy of Fine Arts to be shown at the event. The seven artworks integrate cutting-edge concepts, such as the metaverse and artificial intelligence, with realistic topics such as environmental pollution and social resources. During her trip to Wuhu, Elisa also delivered a speech on the theme of the metaverse and art education. “I found that many works focus very much on improving the experience of the exhibitors, allowing them to integrate into the works of art,” said Elisa. “The various technological exhibits in the exhibition hall also allow people to en vision the future.”
She added that exploring the impact of technology and art on society is a topic she continues to pay attention to, and this experience has provided more inspiration for her future teaching activities.
8. What may be shown at the exhibition
A. Local green products. B. Italian modern clothing.
C. AI foundation models. D. China’s traditional architecture.
9. What can we infer from the text
A. Elisa has never visited China before. B. Elisa sponsored the virtual exhibition.
C. Chinese artists are highly respected. D. The exhibits are mostly Italian art works.
10. What is Elisa’s attitude towards the exhibition
A. Unclear. B. Favourable. C. Cautious. D. Doubtful.
11. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A science textbook. B. A travel brochure. C. A research paper. D. A news report.
D
The next time San Franciscans take a cab, they may step into a car with no one behind the steering wheel (方向盘). Driverless taxis are now allowed to drive on the city’s streets — with some conditions.
Last week, regulators of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) voted to issue a novel permit to Cruise, the self-driving vehicle branch company of General Motors (GM). The first-of-its-kind permit allows Cruise to charge for rides, without a human driver in the car. Cruise had already been offering free rides in its self-driving cars, but the move allows the company to launch fully autonomous commercial operations in the Bay Area.
Cruise can operate just 30 autonomous vehicles without a safety driver, and the company can only charge for rides between 10 p. m. and 6 a. m. in neighbourhoods that are outside of the busy down town area. Weather conditions are also a factor: No autonomous taxi rides when there’s heavy rain, heavy fog, heavy smoke, or snow in the forecast. Shared rides aren’t allowed.
Cruise’s technology is made up of a series of sensors and cameras built into a Chevrolet Bolt, an entirely electric car made by GM. Cruise has also announced plans for a car of their own, the Cruise Origin. The Cruise Origin lacks pedals (脚踏板), mirrors, a steering wheel and consists mostly of a sitting space, where passengers can face each other.
Supporters of self-driving vehicles say the technology has the possibility to reduce traffic deaths and injuries, expand transportation options, save money and lower the environmental impact of cars. As Waymo’s former CEO John Krafcik said, “We can be good drivers when we are focused. But because we are human, we are often not focused.”
12. What is the influence of giving a novel permit to Cruise
A. Cruise can have its first autonomous car.
B. Free rides in self-driving cars are allowed.
C. Cruise can earn money through self-driving cars.
D. Manned driving will be replaced by self-driving.
13. When can Cruise charge for riding service
A At 11:00 p. m. on clear days. B. At 8:00 a. m. on snowy days.
C. At 4:00 a. m. on foggy days. D. At 1:00 p. m. on sunny days.
14. What makes the Cruise Origin differ from other self-driving cars
A. It is driven by itself completely. B. It has more sensors and cameras.
C. It can only be owned by internal employees. D. It lacks some normal basic facilities.
15. What is the best title of the text
A. Driverless Taxis Are Coming to San Francisco
B. Traffic Accidents Will Be Avoided by Self-Driving
C. Self-Driving Vehicles Are More Intelligent than Humans
D. More Choices of Transportation Are Provided for Passengers
河北省邢台市部分重点高中2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enter Our Short Story Competition 2024
Welcome to our Short Story Competition 2024 to show the world your storytelling talents! Note that there are some changes to last year’s competition rules. If you have any questions or concerns, ask us before submitting your story.
Rules
Please ensure that your submissions are completely new and not previously published. Your story must have uplifting elements and be limited between 250 and 300 words in length.
Please include your name, preferred email address or postal address for possible awards in the body of the email with the story attached. Don’t put your personal information anywhere in your story.
Prizes
There are three categories—one for adults and two categories for schools: one for children aged 12-18 and one for children under 12.
In the adults category, the winner will receive 1, 000 and the runner-up will receive 250.
In the children aged 12-18 category, the winner will receive a 200 book voucher (代金券) or a branded tablet and a 100 book voucher, and the runner-up will receive a 100 book voucher.
In the children under 12 category, the winner will receive a 100 of book voucher or a branded tablet and a 100 book voucher, and the runner-up will receive a 50 book voucher.
Other Items
Please submit your stories by June 31, 2024 either online or by posting offline.
The judge team consisting of our editors and some professional writers will pick a shortlist (入围名单) of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at on our website on August 1, 2024.
You can vote for your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on November 30, 2024 and the winning entries will be published on December 31, 2024.
1. What is a qualifying story according to the rules
A. A story which is original. B. A story of over 300 words.
C. A story that has won some awards. D. A story with personal information.
2. What prize can a boy aged 17 win if he takes second place
A. As much as 250. B. A branded tablet.
C. A 200 book voucher. D. A 100 book voucher.
3. Who will finally determine the winners
A. Editors. B. Voters. C. The judge team. D. Professional writers.
B
It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”.
Robert Friedman, who was in the business of buying and selling pianos, recently showed off marks on a piano that was once owned by Edison. The piano had groups of small marks above the keyboard. He was surprised by the tooth marks left by the inventor of the phonograph (留声机) , a music playing device.
Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings.
There aren’t photographs of Edison biting this piano. But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it.
Friedman calls himself the piano hunter. He finds and buys the famous pianos from people and then sells them, usually to dealers. But this piano is more complex. He is now looking for the right home for the instrument. Friedman says that he believes that it belongs to someplace where many people can see it. Friedman does not want it to go back into private hands because of its connection to Edison. He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him.
4. What was Edison’s purpose in biting the piano
A. To record his day. B. To enjoy its music.
C. To express his anger. D. To mark its importance.
5. Why did Edison buy the piano
A. To perform music. B. To decorate his lab.
C. To test the phonograph’s recording. D. To sell it at a very higher price later.
6. How did the guest feel about Edison’s behavior
A. Impressed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled. D. Embarrassed.
7. What will Friedman do with the piano
A. Give it away. B. Make a fortune
C. Sell it at the original price. D. Keep it somewhere for himself.
C
In 1983, Ski Rixen USA became the first water ski cable park in the United States. Located in Deerfield Beach, Florida, the park offers riders a chance to experience all kinds ofwater sports.
In the past 40 years, Six Rixen USA has welcomed more than 1.5 million visitors. The park was the brainchild of engineer Bruno Rixen. Born in 1931 in Germany, Rixen grewfrustrated with the sport of water skiing, which required pulling by a motor boat.
“He used to wait for four hours in line to do three laps around the lake, ” explained Allan Wlodarczyk, the manager of Ski Rixen USA. He added that riding five minutes and waiting another four hours sparked Rixen’s idea of cable parks. Rather than relying on a boat, Rixen considered his own cable way. He also designed skis and set up a power source.
“The first cable was actually an old farm tractor, ” Wlodarczyk said. “Rixen took the wheels off, attached some ropes to the wheel disks, and started pulling people back and forth around the lake.” Over the years, Rixen improved his design and earned several patents. He opened the world’s first commercial cable water park in 1966 in Benidorm, Spain.
The sport grew from entertainment to international contests. Rixen died in 2020, but his idea has taken hold around the world. Today, there are more than 500 cable water parks on different continents. Typically, the cable tows riders at a speed of about 20 miles per hour.
But for beginners, who can take lessons, the speed is about 15 miles per hour.
Ski Rixen USA also offers riding opportunities and events to people with special needs to ski effortlessly. “We have a specially designed ski, called a sit ski,” Wlodarczyk said. “It’s a larger board with a lot of surface area. The riders are completely seated in the water and don’t actually have to hold onto the rope.”
8. What does the underlined word “brainchild” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Idea. B. Area. C. Birthplace D. Destination
9. What did Wlodarczyk mainly intend to tell us in paragraph 3
A. How Rixen protected the lake.
B. How Rixen set up a power source.
C. How much Rixen liked water skiing.
D. How Rixen created his cable water park.
10. In what way is Rixen the pioneer of the cable water park
A. He brought fun to visitors.
B. He invented a cable tractor.
C. He turned it into a business.
D. He made cables travel fastest.
11 What do we know about the sit ski
A. It is easy to ride. B. It runs extremely quickly.
C. It offers a narrow board. D. It is dangerous for the riders.
D
A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth.
The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago.
One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon. China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth.
Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is, of course, the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon, especially in large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors.
Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source.
Around 25 tons of helium-3 could power the US for a year. Multiple private companies and countries with space agencies have signaled their intentions to mine the moon for helium-3, and this latest discovery could kick start the race.
12. What can we learn about the crystal
A. It is 1.7 centimeters wide.
B. It is expected to power the Earth.
C. It is commonly found on the Earth.
D. It is made of previously familiar material.
13. What will Chang’e 6 try to do in the next moon mission
A. Collect up nuclear waste.
B. Find out the elements of helium-3.
C. Set up lunar nuclear fusion reactors.
D. Take back the samples of lunar crystals.
14. What is helium-3 as fuel expected to be like
A. It is low in cost. B. It is clean and safe.
C. It absorbs radiation. D. It produces no waste.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. A Struggling Race to Make Crystals
B. An Undoubted Discovery Powering the US
C. An Efficient Way to Collect Crystals from the Moon
D. A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists
答案
河北省百师联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末大联考英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍伦敦的几处主题公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It is the go-to place for all thrill seekers that are looking for an ultimate experience near London.(它是所有寻求刺激的人在伦敦附近寻找终极体验的首选之地)”可知，在Thorpe Park Resort可以体会到刺激和冒险，是那些喜欢不寻常体验的人的好去处。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It can also help host your kids’ birthday party based on their personal likes and interests and can accommodate (容纳) a maximum of 25 children with the package including one and a half hours of play time and 30 minutes meal time.(它还可以根据孩子的个人喜好和兴趣为他们举办生日派对，最多可容纳25个孩子，套餐包括一个半小时的游戏时间和30分钟的用餐时间)”可知，Clown Town主题公园可以根据孩子们的喜好和兴趣为他们举办生日会，即为孩子们提供个性化的服务。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Below is a list of the top and leading Theme Parks in London.(以下是伦敦顶级和领先的主题公园列表)”结合文章主要介绍了伦敦的几处主题公园推知，这一类的文章最有可能出现在旅行指南上。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述纽约动物园一只猫头鹰逃跑并为市民所接受的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Zoo officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he needed in the wild.(动物园官员担心，在动物园笼子里被关了13年的弗拉科可能已经失去了在野外生存所需的能力)”可推知，这只猫头鹰被圈在笼子里面过长了，可能失去了捕食能力。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaceo really seems to be enjoying himself out there.(他在独自打猎。他飞得好多了。弗拉西奥在外面玩得很开心)”可推知，他现在已经适应了野外生活。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of people who work the overnight shift.(它们在夜间四处寻找食物。他们白天睡觉，或者试着睡觉，就像很多上夜班的人一样)”可知，猫头鹰在夜间四处寻找食物，白天睡觉，属于夜间活动的动物。故该词意思为“夜间活动的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.(然而，据报道，一些不知道正确观鸟行为的纽约人白天看到弗拉克在树上睡觉，就开始对它大喊大叫。这打断了他的睡眠。弗莱克不能用纽约人传统的回答方式说“嘘，嘘”。毕竟，鸟不能给人竖中指)”可推知，作者的态度为不赞同。故选D。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了预制餐不为大众所接受的原因并且提出监管得当才能保证其营养健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared, according to the China Cuisine Association. There are several types of pre-made foods, including ready-to-eat food, such as canned food or cooked food in packages, and ready-to-heat or ready-to-cook food, which requires heating or cooking before being served.(根据中国烹饪协会的说法，预制餐是指已经煮熟或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴。预制食品有几种类型，包括即食食品，如罐头食品或包装熟食，以及即热或即煮食品，这些食品在上桌前需要加热或烹饪)”可知，预制餐指的是已经烹饪或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Nutrient loss typically occurs during the heating or frying process.(营养损失通常发生在加热或油炸过程中)”可知，营养流失通常发生在烹饪过程中，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, it’s essential that customers buy pre-made meals from qualified food companies or supermarkets.(然而，消费者必须从合格的食品公司或超市购买预制食品)”可知，消费者应该从合格的食品公司或超市购买预制餐，即从可靠的来源购买，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is hoped that regulations on pre-made meals can be strengthened to better ensure nutrition and hygiene(卫生). This way, “pre-made meals will be more accepted by the public,” Liu said.(人们希望加强对预制食品的监管，以更好地确保营养和卫生。这样，“预制饭菜将更容易被公众接受，”刘说)”可推知，Liu Junya认为如果监管得当，预制餐可以富含营养，故选C。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了生物学家斯洛博奇科夫想利用人工智能来帮助人们更好地了解宠物，以便达到更好的交流这一目的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He watched as the owner walked over to the dog, towered over the pet and then said, “Good dog!” in a low-pitched(音高) voice.(他看着主人走到狗面前，比它高得多，然后说：“好狗！”他用低沉的声音说道)”以及“Slobodchikoff recommended that the man should do the opposite.(斯洛博奇科夫建议这位男士做相反的事情)”可知，男人使用高的语调才能让狗平静下来。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This would record video and audio(音频) of a dog’s behavior and then upload it. An artificial intelligence(AI)system would later analyze it.(它可以记录狗狗行为的视频和音频，然后上传。人工智能(AI)系统随后会对其进行分析)”可知，人工智能应该被用来分析音频和视频，即分析数据。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In 2021, its creators reported that the Al model achieved 90 percent accuracy at identifying nine different emotional states in meows.(2021年，它的创造者报告说，人工智能模型在识别喵喵声中的九种不同情绪状态方面达到了90%的准确率)”可知，这款软件能够识别判断猫的情绪。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Slobodchikoff, a biologist who has spent years working to better understand the calls of dogs, used that knowledge to help people who were having trouble with their pets.(斯洛博奇科夫是一名生物学家，多年来一直致力于更好地理解狗的叫声，他利用这些知识帮助那些与宠物相处有困难的人)”结合文章介绍了科学家Slobodchikoff想设计宠物语言翻译器的想法，同时也介绍了不断在尝试的智能猫语翻译器，即这篇文章主要讨论了动物翻译技术试验。故选C。
河北省衡水市枣强县董子高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2022新出版的最受读者喜爱的揭示了世界的奇迹和神秘的四本书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“According to my interviews with many readers, I select other four newly-published books in 2022.(根据我对许多读者的采访，我选择了其他四本2022年新出版的书)”可推断出，作者是一位专栏记者，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Physicist Kate Greene imagines that she spends four months in a geodesic dome in Hawaii, with five other people, to mimice living in a colony on another planet. The story describes the future of our Earth.(物理学家凯特·格林想象她和另外五个人在夏威夷的一个测地线圆顶中度过四个月，以模拟在另一个星球上的殖民地生活。这个故事描述了我们地球的未来)”可知，Kate描绘的世界是虚拟的，想象了地球的未来，所以只有The Geodesic Dome是科幻小说，其他都是写的现实中真实存在的场景，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It gives inspiration for how modern humans can be at peace with nature(它为现代人类如何与自然和平相处提供了灵感)”；第三段中“This book sets out a common-sense approach to carbon pricing and a revision of the Green New Deal.(这本书提出了碳定价的常识性方法，并对绿色新政进行了修订)”；第四段“Kate makes readers cherish the natural environment.(凯特让读者珍惜自然环境)”以及最后一段“This book can raise people’s awareness of protecting the birds’ habitats.(这本书可以提高人们保护鸟类栖息地的意识)”可知，所有的书都涉及到了环境保护，故选D。
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了圣诞节时一个小男孩机智勇敢地将家人从火灾中救下的故事。
【4题详解】
短语猜测题。根据该句中后面的词finding(找到)可推测该句表示：兴奋的小男孩在礼物中翻找了足足十分钟，才找到他的礼物。画线短语的意思为：寻找，搜索，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“So the little boy wished to be a firefighter, and all his favorite toys were also related to firefighters! Jase was so happy with his Christmas present that he spent the whole day driving his toy truck. (于是小男孩就想当消防员，自己喜欢的玩具也都和消防员有关！杰斯对他的圣诞礼物非常满意，以至于他花了一整天的时间驾驶他的玩具卡车。)”可知，小男孩的志向是成为一名消防员，因此他非常开心收到一个消防车模型。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Jase’s parents had forgotten to put out some candles, which had caught the tree and the living room curtains on fire. (杰斯的父母忘了熄灭一些蜡烛，蜡烛把树和客厅的窗帘着火了。)”可知，火灾的原因是父母忘记熄灭蜡烛。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“He also gave his little sisters a ride in it, and they loved it. (他还让他的小妹妹们坐车，并且她们非常喜欢。)”,以及“Jase panicked. He shouted as he rushed upstairs to wake up his twin sisters. Milly woke up and ran downstairs with him, but Rosie was asleep, so he carried her in his arms. ( Jase恐慌起来。他边喊叫边冲上楼去叫醒他的双胞胎妹妹。Milly醒来并和他下楼，但Rosie还在睡觉，所以他抱着她。)”可知，Jase对他的姐妹非常体贴，当他帮助抱起Rosie并让妹妹在他的玩具卡车里乘坐时表现出了关心。当他唤醒家人并将他们从火灾中救出时，他也表现出了勇敢。可以看出他是一个考虑周到且勇敢的人。故选D。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新的研究发现如今在世界上几乎所有地方，电动汽车都比汽油汽车更环保，随着发电厂变得更加环保，汽油车和电动汽车在碳排放方面的差异将会越来越大。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some previous comparisons suggested petrol cars produce lower net carbon emissions (净碳排放量) over their lifetime than battery- powered cars. Yet these analyses have often compared only two fixed models of cars.(之前的一些比较表明，汽油车在其使用寿命内产生的净碳排放量比电动汽车低。然而，这些分析往往只比较了两种固定型号的汽车)”可知，先前的比较显示汽油车更环保，因为它缺乏足够的参考对象。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Electric vehicles already have lower net carbon emissions in 53 of those 59 areas. Only in some countries that use coal heavily, such as India and Poland, are electric car emissions worse than those of petrol cars.(在这59个地区中，电动汽车已经降低了53个地区的净碳排放量。只有在一些大量使用煤炭的国家，如印度和波兰，电动汽车的排放比汽油汽车更严重)”可知，电动汽车的净碳排放量比汽油汽车更高的地区有（59-53）6个。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers say that the differences between petrol and electric cars on the carbon emissions will grow bigger as power stations get greener. By 2030, they expect the carbon emissions of electric cars to be 20 percent lower than that in 2015, and 30 percent lower by 2050.(研究人员表示，随着发电厂变得更加环保，汽油车和电动汽车在碳排放方面的差异将会越来越大。他们预计，到2030年，电动汽车的碳排放量将比2015年降低20%，到2050年将降低30%)”可推知，发电站将在技术上取得巨大进步。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Electric cars are already greener than petrol cars in almost every part of the world today, according to researchers. They say electric vehicles are “a no-regret choice” even in places where power nets haven’t gone fully green.(研究人员称，如今在世界上几乎所有地方，电动汽车都比汽油汽车更环保。他们说，即使在电网还没有完全实现绿色的地方，电动汽车也是“一个不后悔的选择”)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍了新的研究发现如今在世界上几乎所有地方，电动汽车都比汽油汽车更环保。由此推知，本文的目的是为了证明电动汽车比汽油车更环保。故选C。
河北青龙满族自治县平方子乡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了屠呦呦的成就以及她锲而不舍的研究精神。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中“The 84-year-old’s route to the honour has been anything but traditional.(这位84岁的老人获得这一荣誉的途径一点也不符合传统)”可知，屠呦呦的成功之路和传统的成功之路完全不一样。anything but 表示“决不；根本不”。故选C项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前的主语部分“In 1967, malaria, a deadly disease at that time, spread by mosquitoes…(1967年，疟疾，一种当时由蚊子传播的致命疾病)”中deadly可知,当时疟疾是一种致命的疾病,这种病可以导致人死亡。 所以猜测下划线词的意思为“杀死”, 指这种疾病正在杀死在越南作战的患病中国士兵。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“After another careful reading, she changed the drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point.(在又一次仔细阅读后，她最后一次改变了药物配方，加热化合物，但不让它达到沸点)”及第五段“After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug.(在这种药物在老鼠和猴子身上显示出令人鼓舞的效果后，屠呦呦自愿成为这种新药的第一个人体接受者)”可知，她对研究工作是全情投入并且具有献身精神；最后一段中的“Another colleague, Liao Fuming, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices.(与屠呦呦共事40多年的另一位同事廖福明形容屠呦呦是一个“坚强而固执的女人”。她非常固执，花了几十年的时间拼凑古代文献，并将其应用于现代科学实践)”可知,屠呦呦性格很固执, 执着地研究了几十年的古籍。故选A项。
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言和动作在表达感情时的一些现象。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.(我们用语言和手势来表达我们的感受，但问题是这些语言和手势可以用不同的方式来理解)”可知，当人们用语言或手势描述他们的感情时，我们常常不能确定他们的意思是什么。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Even in the same culture, people differ in the ability to understand and express feelings. (即使在同一种文化中，人们理解和表达感情的能力也是不同的)”可知，在同一种文化中，人们理解和表达感情的能力是不同的。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.(我们用语言和手势来表达我们的感受，但问题是这些语言和手势可以用不同的方式来理解)”可推知，语言和手势都是用来表达感情的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.(我们用语言和手势来表达我们的感受，但问题是这些语言和手势可以用不同的方式来理解)”和最后一段中的“Even in the same culture, people differ in the ability to understand and express feelings. (即使在同一种文化中，人们理解和表达感情的能力也是不同的)”可知，文章主要介绍了语言和动作在表达感情时的一些现象。由此可知，Words, gestures and feelings(语言、手势和感情)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了理解英国人幽默，其关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段二三句“However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The reason is that the British often use understatement. (然而，外国人往往很难理解他们的笑话。原因是英国人经常使用轻描淡写的手法。)”可知，外国人不太理解英国笑话的原因在于他们使用轻描淡写的手法。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中二三句“For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It’ a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.” (例如，如果某人在一场大雨中淋湿了，他可能会说：‘外面有点潮湿。’或者，如果某人非常不礼貌，对另一个人大喊大叫，其他人可能会说，‘她不太友好。’)”可知，作者通过举例来解释“轻描淡写的手法”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Mr Bean doesn’t talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh. (憨豆先生不经常说话，而是用身体动作和面部表情来逗人发笑。)”可知，憨豆先生用自己的身体动作和面部表情让人们笑。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The British are known for their sense of humour. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The reason is that the British often use understatement. (英国人以幽默感著称。然而，外国人往往很难理解他们的笑话。原因是英国人经常使用轻描淡写的说法。)”可知，本文主要介绍英国式幽默，以及如何理解他们难懂的幽默笑话。故选C项。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。迪士尼乐园受到全世界的欢迎，其中迪士尼对为客人服务的重视起到了重要作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests” as they prefer to call them and to see that they enjoy themselves.(迪士尼的工作人员不遗余力地为他们的“客人”服务，因为他们更喜欢这样称呼他们，并确保他们玩得开心。)”可知，迪士尼员工的主要目标是让他们的客人

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