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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room SectionA (2d&Grammar Focus-4c ) 课时教学设计
课型 听说+语法课 课时 1
教材分析
本课主要是一节语法课，是对单元重点语言结构的总结、训练和巩固。2d是本课时的口语范例，Grammar Focus是对语言点呈现明确，便于学生自探索及概括总结，相关语法练习活动层次分明，4a侧重对could句型不同功能的分辨及应答训练，帮助学生明确语言结构；4b侧重语篇交流层面下的用词及句型运用训练；4c将重点句型用于口语交际，训练学生对所学语言内容的实际运用能力。
学情分析
经过前两课时的学习，学生对could的用法有了一定的认识，但对could的两大交际功能认识不深，通过语法教学进一步帮助学生梳理总结和辨析could的两大交际功能及合理应答。
课时教学目标
语言能力：掌握pass、lend 、borrow、hate、while等词汇用法；在讨论家务的情境中，运用could礼貌地提出要求及征询许可。 学习能力：能够通过对could功能语言规律的探究，保持英语学习兴趣；通过小组合作，提升团队协作能力。 思维品质：能够在老师的引导下，通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究情态动词could两大功能运用的语言规律，提高思维的逻辑性和深刻性，加强语言表达的准确性； 文化意识：通过做家务的情境，初步表达对做家务的喜好，从跨文化视角去观察和认识西方文化，培养对事物的逻辑性看法。
教学重难点
教学重点：掌握本部分出现的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标；正确使用Could you (please)…？句型的使用方法，完成语法练习。 教学难点：正确使用本课语法要点。
教学方法
情境式教学，任务型教学法
教学工具
PPT课件，多功能白板，教案
设 计 教 学 过 程
教师导学 学生活动 设计意图
Step1: Warming-up Watch the video and write down the chores in the video. Game time:Washing machine快速反应 Step2: 2d Task1:Now,there is a short dialogue about chores. Let’s look at the picture and predict. Who are in the picture Where are they What are they doing Task2:Read the conversation and answer the questions. (1) How many hours did Tony watch TV (2) Which things does the sister ask her brother to do (3) Where do you think their mother is (4) Who is the real boss in the family, Sister, Brother, Mother (5)What is “mother clean” ？ Task3: Language points 1)finish doing sth. 完成做某事。 I finished writing the English composition. 【巧学妙记】 常接v-ing作宾语的词（短语） 喜欢（enjoy）错过（miss）别介意（mind）, 完成（finish）愉快（have fun）勤练习（practice）, 忙得（be busy）禁不住（can't help）想放弃（give up）。 I enjoy reading books. Do you mind opening the windows Does he practice playing the piano every day .mess n. 杂乱；不整洁 mess作名词，常用短语。 make a mess 搞得一团糟（表示动作） be in a mess 杂乱不堪；陷入困境（表示状态） —Don't make a mess on the balcony, Betty. —Sorry, I won't. All the rooms are in a mess. 拓展延伸】 mess还可作动词，意为“使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱” 。 I've put the books away. Please don't mess them up again. Phrases summary help out with sth at least finish doing sth two hours of TV is enough for you so much be back from ... any minutes now see this mess pretty clean and tidy Task4：Fill in the blanks according to the conversation. Tony is watching TV, his sister asks him to ____________ a few things. he wants to ________ finish watching this show, But his sister thinks two hours of TV ___ enough for him. Because their mother will ___________ shopping ________ now. If she sees this _____ she won’t be happy. Although the house is pretty _____________, it’s not ______________. Task5:Role-play Step 3：Grammar focus 探究:情态动词could用法 1.用于委婉提出要求或请求Make polite requests (1) 肯定句： Could you (please) + do sth. 意为 “能请你…吗？” Could you please help me fix up the bike (2)否定句：
Could you (please) not + do sth. 意为 “能请你(不)…吗？” Could you please not smoke here？ 肯定回答： Yes, I can. / Yes, sure. / All right. / Certainly. /I’d love to./ No problem / That should be OK. 否定回答： Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework. /I'm afraid I can't. I’m doing my homework. /I'd love to, but I'm going to school. 2.用于请求、许可Ask for permission (1) 结构：“Could I... ”意为“我能……吗？” 用于请求对方允许自己做某事。 (2)肯定回答： Yes, you can. / Of course you can. /Yes, please. (3)否定回答：
Sorry, you can't. /I'm afraid you can't. No, you mustn’t. 注意： 1.表示请求允许,could和can都可以， 但could语气更委婉。 2.对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could. —Could I use your rule —Of course you can. 辨析： (1)can can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间 或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合； Can you tell us your story, Tony (2)could could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉， 常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。 Could you tell us if it snows in winter in France Could其他用法： (1) 表能力. can的过去式. “能够“ I could play the piano when I was six years old. (2)表委婉的建议. “可以做...“ You could ask your teacher for help. (3)表推测. 把握不大，比can可能性要小，用于肯定句中。“可能”
He could have gone home. Could考点: 考点一.could表能力，能够。 The lovely boy could ride the bike at the age of six. 考点二.could表委婉请求。 Sorry to trouble you, but could I speak to you for a while 考点三.could表推测，可能性小。 It could be Lingling's book, but I'm not sure. Liu Hui likes reading, too. 常见表示委婉请求的句型汇总： ① Could you please + do sth. ② Could you + do sth. ③ Would you please + do sth. ④ Would you + do sth. ⑤ Would you mind + doing sth. 你介意……吗？ ⑥ Would you like + to do sth. 你愿意...吗 ⑦ What about doing sth. ......怎么样？ 常见表示请求允许的句型： ① May I + do sth. ② Can I + do sth. ③ Could I + do sth. ④ Might I + do sth. ⑤ Do you mind if I + do sth. 注意：表示给予允许,只能用can/may, 不能用 could 或 might。e.g. A: Could I use your pen B: Yes, of course you can. (不用 Yes, you could) Step4. Practice. 1.Work on 4a 2.Work on 4b 3.Work on 4c 观看视频思考问题。 积极参与讨论问题。 学习2d部分内容。 根据要求完成相应的任务： 观察并预测对话内容。 阅读对话并回答问题。 跟读。 理解知识点并做好相关笔记。 对词汇进行总结。 复述并演绎对话内容。 观察语法框内划线部分，思考分析本单元语法重点。 学习could基本概念。 观察例句并学习could的多种用法。 认真做好相关笔记。 拓展更多关于表示委婉请求和请求允许的句型用法。 认真做好笔记。 完成书本4a任务。 完成书本4b任务。 完成书本4c任务。 通过观看视频回答问题激发学生的学习兴趣，引出本节课对话教学主题。对上节课所学的短语进行复习巩固。 利用2d对话语篇设计阅读任务，以增强学生的听力技能和阅读技能。 知识点详细讲解，帮助学生学习新单词，巩固目标句型。 根据对话内容补全文章。对话与同桌进行角色扮演。 引导学生探索发现并归纳有关情态动词could两大功能的语言规律，锻炼其语言学习能力和自主探究能力。 总结之前，先请学生自行总结，再根据不同学生的总结进行补充进行补充、梳理、巩固练习。 针对题目进行解释，可以帮助层次稍差的学生快速领会教学目的。再正式答题前，针对生词进行解释以便下一个步骤顺利进行。 将语法学习和运用放入具体的人物对话情境中，帮助学生体会could表委婉请求和征询许可功能所使用的场合，促进知识的内化和使用。 创设新的语境，促进语法知识的掌握和运用，提升学生思维的发散性和多样性，并给学生提供合作与展示的机会和平台。 回归课本练习，让学生在课上练习消化知识点，及时操练重点知识点和目标语言，让教师把握学情。
课时教学板书设计
课时作业设计
Level A : Write a letter to your friend to ask him/her to take care of your house when you are on vacation. Level B : Write down the conversation your group make in 4c. Remember to be polite.
课后反思（实施后填写）
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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
人教新目标版 八年级下
2d&Grammar focus-4c优质课
Learning objectives
1.掌握pass、lend 、borrow、hate、while等词汇用法；在讨论家务的情境中，运用could礼貌地提出要求及征询许可。
2.学生能够掌握“Could you (please) … ”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法及“Could I … ”用于委婉地获取许可的用法。
3.通过做家务的情境，初步表达对做家务的喜好，从跨文化视角去观察和认识西方文化，培养对事物的逻辑性看法。
Watch the video and write down the chores.
Warming-up
1. take out the trash
2. clean the desk
3. sweep the floor
4. wash the dishes
5. make the bed
What chores have you heard
Washing machine
快速反应说单词
make the bed
do the dishes
take out
the rubbish
fold the clothes
sweep the floor
clean the
living room
do the cooking
wallk the dog
Game time
Now,there is a short dialogue about chores.
Let’s look at the picture and predict.
1. Who are in the picture
2. Where are they
3. What are they doing
Maybe sister and brother.
At home.
Maybe the brother wants to
watchTV, but his sister
doesn’t let him do that.
New drills
(1) How many hours did Tony watch TV
(2) Which things does the sister ask her brother to do
(3) Where do you think their mother is
(4) Who is the real boss in the family, Sister, Brother, Mother
Two hours.
Take out the rubbish, fold the clothes, and do the dishes.
Perhaps their mother is on her way home.
The mother is really the boss at home.
Read 2d carefully, then answer the questions below.
What is “mother clean” ？
A. Mother will do these chores.
B. The house is not tidy enough.
Underline the language points by yourself.
Sister: Tony, could you please help out with a few things
Brother: Could I at least finish watching this show
Sister: No. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
Brother: Fine. What do you want me to do
Sister: Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes
Brother: So much
Sister: Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now.
And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
Brother: But the house is already pretty clean and tidy!
Sister: Yes, well, it’s clean, but it’s not “mother clean”!
help (sb.) out with
在某方面帮助某人摆脱困境
至少（反义短语为at most，至多，不超过）
一段时间、距离、金额作主语，被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
这么多？
be back from从...回来
if 引导的条件状语从句
sth be in a mess 某物杂乱
make a mess 弄得一团糟
pretty adj. 漂亮的；adv.很，非常
“妈妈（想要的）那样干净”
1. Could I at least finish watching this show (教材P18 2d)
finish doing sth. 完成做某事。
Point
Language points
I finished writing the English composition.
【巧学妙记】 常接v-ing作宾语的词（短语）
喜欢（enjoy）错过（miss）别介意（mind）,
完成（finish）愉快（have fun）勤练习（practice）,
忙得（be busy）禁不住（can't help）想放弃（give up）。
I enjoy reading books.
Do you mind opening the windows
Does he practice playing the piano every day
2. And she won't be happy if she sees this mess. (教材P18 2d)
mess作名词，常用短语。
mess n. 杂乱；不整洁
—Don't make a mess on the balcony, Betty. —Sorry, I won't.
All the rooms are in a mess.
【拓展延伸】 mess还可作动词，意为“使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱” 。
I've put the books away. Please don't mess them up again.
make a mess 搞得一团糟（表示动作）
be in a mess 杂乱不堪；陷入困境（表示状态）
Point
help out with sth
2. at least
3.finish doing sth
4.two hours of TV is enough for you
5.so much
6.be back from ...
7. any minutes now
8. see this mess
9. pretty clean and tidy
在某方面给予帮助
至少
做完某事
时间做主语，谓语动词用单数
如此多
从...回来
随时,马上
看到这样混乱
相当干净和整洁
Tony is watching TV, his sister asks him to ____________ a few things. he wants to ________ finish watching this show, But his sister thinks two hours of TV ___ enough for him. Because their mother will ___________ shopping ________ now. If she sees this _____ she won’t be happy. Although
the house is pretty _____________, it’s not ______________.
be back from
any time
mess
clean and tidy
“mother clean”
help out with
at least
is
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Post reading
Role-play the conversation.
Tony, could you please help out with a few things
Could I at least finish watching this show
Post reading
Find out the sentences used to make requests and those used to ask for permission.
Make requests:
1.Could you please help out with a few things
2.Could you take out the rubbish, fold the
clothes, and do the dishes
Ask for permission:
Could I at least finish watching this show
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure. .
Grammar
情态动词could
1. 含义：“能够， 可能”
2. 是can的过去式，
比can更委婉;
3. 不能作谓语,
没有人称和数的变化，
后加动词原形.
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Grammar
Which sentences are asking for permission
Which sentences are asking for requests
Ask for permission
Make polite requests
(1) 肯定句：
Could you (please) + do sth.
意为 “能请你…吗？”
(2)否定句：
Could you (please) not + do sth.
意为 “能请你(不)…吗？”
Grammar Focus
情态动词could用法
（一）
用于委婉提出
要求或请求
Make polite requests
Could you please help me fix up the bike
Could you please not smoke here？
(1) 肯定回答：
Yes, I can. / Yes, sure. / All right. / Certainly.
/I’d love to./ No problem / That should be OK.
(2)否定回答：
Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework.
/I'm afraid I can't. I’m doing my homework.
/I'd love to, but I'm going to school.
情态动词could用法
（一）
用于委婉提出
要求或请求
Make polite requests
--Yes, sure. /Sorry, I can't. My hands are full.
--Could you please help me carry these boxes
(2)肯定回答：
Yes, you can. / Of course you can. /Yes, please.
(1) 结构：“Could I... ”意为“我能……吗？”
用于请求对方允许自己做某事。
(3)否定回答：
Sorry, you can't. /I'm afraid you can't.
No, you mustn’t.
情态动词could用法
（二）
用于请求、
许可
Ask for permission
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
情态动词could用法
1.表示请求允许,could和can都可以，
但could语气更委婉。
2.对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.
—Could I use your rule —Of course you can.
(1)can
can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间
或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合；
Can you tell us your story, Tony
(2)could
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，
常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
Could you tell us if it snows in winter in France
辨析
情态动词could用法
(2)表委婉的建议. “可以做...“
You could ask your teacher for help.
(1) 表能力. can的过去式. “能够“
I could play the piano when I was six years old.
(3)表推测.
把握不大，比can可能性要小，用于肯定句中。“可能”
He could have gone home.
情态动词could用法
could
其他用法
情态动词could考点
考点一.could表能力，能够。
The lovely boy could ride the bike at the age of six.
考点二.could表委婉请求。
Sorry to trouble you, but could I speak to you for a while
考点三.could表推测，可能性小。
It could be Lingling's book, but I'm not sure. Liu Hui likes reading, too.
常见表示委婉请求的句型汇总：
① Could you please + do sth.
② Could you + do sth.
③ Would you please + do sth.
④ Would you + do sth.
⑤ Would you mind + doing sth.
你介意……吗？
⑥ Would you like + to do sth. 你愿意...吗
⑦ What about doing sth. ......怎么样？
常见表示请求允许的句型：
① May I + do sth.
② Can I + do sth.
③ Could I + do sth.
④ Might I + do sth.
⑤ Do you mind if I + do sth.
表示给予允许,只能用can/may, 不能用 could 或 might。e.g.
A: Could I use your pen
B: Yes, of course you can. (不用 Yes, you could)
1. ____ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
2. ____ Could you please pass me the salt
3. ____ Could I borrow that book
4. ____ Could you help me do the dishes
5. ____ Could you lend me some money
Write R for requests and P for permission.
4a
P
R
P
R
R
hang out闲逛
1. P-__ Could I hang out with my friends
after the movie
2. R-__ Could you please pass me the
salt
3. P-__ Could I borrow that book
4. R-__ Could you help me do the dishes
5. R-__ Could you lend me some money
Then Match each one with the correct response.
d
a. Yes, here you are.
b. Hmm. How much do you need
c. Yes, sure. No problem. I
finished reading it last night.
d. Yes, but don't come back too late.
e. No, I can't. I cut my finger and
I'm trying not to get it wet.
a
c
e
b
finish doing sth. 做完某事
回来
1. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie (教材P20 4a)
hang out为固定短语，此时hang的过去式和过去分词均为hung。
hang out 闲逛
Point
Language points
She is hanging out with her friends in the shopping mall.
【拓展延伸】 含hang的其他常见短语：
hang
hang out 抓紧；别挂电话
hang up 挂断电话
hang back 犹豫；留下，吞吞吐吐
hang together (观点等)前后一致
2. ①Could I borrow that book (教材P20 4a)
②Could you lend me some money (教材P20 4a)
borrow v.借；借用 lend v. 借给；借出
Point
【易混辨析】 borrow与lend
例词 含义 常用结构
borrow “借；借用”，指主语从别人处“借来”东西自己使用。 borrow sth. (from sb.)
（向某人）借某物
lend (lent, lent) “借给；借出”，指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
【拓展延伸】keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth. for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow，想要保存用keep。
Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.
Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
A: I hate to ____ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! _____ I ask you to ____ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: ______ you please _____ my clothes for me
B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
A: OK. Then ______ you ______ do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But _____ we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go to the movies.
hate意为“憎恨，厌恶，不喜欢”
Could
fold
help
do
Could
please
could
could
4b
while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.
4c
To-do list Name
bring a tent Liu Chang
A: Could you please bring a tent,
Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please...
C: Sorry, I can't. I have to...
A: Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please bring a camera, Mary
C: Sorry, I can't. I have to prepare some food and drinks.
D: I'd like to bring a camera. And could I prepare some cards We can play a card game there.
A: That's a good idea. And I'll bring some matches and a flashlight.
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