Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world Section B 知识点讲解 人教版八年级英语下册

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Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world Section B 知识点讲解 人教版八年级英语下册

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人教版初中英语七年级unit 7 Section B 知识点讲解与练习
一. dry
形容词1.干的;干燥的 Is my shirt dry yet 我的衬衣干了吗?
2. 干性的;无水分的 dry hair干性发质
3. 无甜味的;干的 4. 机敏的;不形于色的;不露声色的
5. 不动感情的;冷冰冰的 a dry voice 冷冰冰的声音
6. 干巴巴的;枯燥乏味的
The book is so dry that I want to sleep each time I read it .
7.口渴的;令人口渴的
I'm a bit dry. 我有点渴。 This is dry work.这是使人觉得口渴的工作。
动词 (使)变干;(把…)弄干
You wash the dishes and I'll dry. 你洗盘子,我来擦干。
Use this towel to dry your hands.用这条毛巾擦干手。
二.cool
形容词 1. 凉的;凉爽的;凉快的 It’s very cool today.
2.(因时髦、漂亮且与众不同而)令人钦佩的,绝妙的,顶呱呱的
You look pretty cool with that new haircut.你新剪的发型真酷。
It's a cool movie.那部电影真棒。
3.冷静的;镇静的;平静的Keep cool! 保持冷静!He has a cool head.他头脑冷静。
4. (表示满意或赞同)妙极的,酷的
We're meeting Jake for lunch and we can go on the yacht in the afternoon. ——Cool!
我们和杰克一起吃午饭,下午乘游艇玩去。 ——棒极了!
Can you come at 10.30 tomorrow ——That's cool.你明天 10:30 能来吗? ——没问题。
动词 1.(使)变凉,冷却
Trees cool the air as well as clean it.树木不仅能使空气变凉,而且能净化空气。
2. 冷静下来;镇静下来;冷淡下来
He is too excited, we must do something to make him cool down.
他太激动了,我们得没法使他冷静下来。
比较:cold最普通用词,强调缺乏温暖,使人不舒服。其反义词是hot。
cool指既不太热也不太冷。其反义词为warm。
三.hot 形容词
1.温度高的;热的Do you like this hot weather 你喜欢这种炎热的天气吗?
2.觉得闷(或燥、湿)热 I feel hot.
3. 使人感到热的 London was hot and dusty.伦敦很热而且灰尘多。
4. 辣的;辛辣的 hot food辛辣的食物
5. 风行的;风靡一时的;走红的
This is one of the hottest clubs in town. 这是市里一家最受欢迎的夜总会。
四.cold
形容词 1. 寒冷的;冷的 Isn't it cold today 今天真冷,是不是?
2. 未热过的;已凉的;冷却的 a cold drink冷饮
3. 冷漠的;不友好的 He is looking at her with cold eyes . 他用冷漠的眼光看着她。
4. 冷的;冷色的;寒色的 clear cold light 清寒的光
名词 1.冷;寒冷;(尤指)低气温 Don't stand outside in the cold .别站在外面冻着。
2. 感冒;伤风;着凉 I've got a cold. 我感冒了。
a bad/heavy cold 严重 / 重 感冒 catch a cold 患感冒
五.warm
形容词 1.温暖的;暖和的 It's nice and warm here. 这里暖烘烘的。
The children jumped up and down to keep warm .孩子们上下跳动保持身体暖和。
2. 保暖的;保温的 a warm pair of socks 一双暖和的袜子
This sleeping bag is very warm. 这条睡袋很暖和。
3.温情的;热心的;友好的His smile was warm and friendly.他的微笑热情而友好。
4. 暖色调的;有暖感的 a warm yellow 暖黄色。
动词 1.(使)温暖,变暖和 I'll warm up some milk.我来热些牛奶。
六. visit 1. (vt.)“拜访,探望”,后接人的名词或代词-- visit sb.拜访某人
“参观,游览”,后接地点名词-- visit sp. 参观某地
2.(n.)“访问,参观,拜访” visitor (n.) “参观者,游客”
I visit my uncle every Monday. I will visit Rome tomorrow.
This is my first visit to Beijing,]. 这是我第一次去北京。
七. summer 夏天 1)in summer在夏天 2)summer school暑期学习班
他在这里上班,而我在上暑期学习班。She is working and I am going to summer school.
八.vacation n 假期
1)on (a) vacation= on (a) holiday在度假 2) go on a vacation去度假 take a vacation 度假
3) summer vacation暑假
1)你暑假过得怎么样?How is your summer vacation going
2)我和我的家人正在山里度假。My family and I are on a vacation in the mountains.
You look tired─you should take a vacation .你看上去很累,应该休假了。
用 法 例 句
vacation “假期”,指放下工作和学习的一段较长的休息时间,常可用holiday替换 They’re in Beijing on vacation.
holiday “假日,休息日”,主要指风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日或休息日。在英国英语中,其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的“假期”,美国英语则习惯用单数 The Fourth of July is a national holiday of the US. 7月4日是美国国庆节
九.hard
形容词,1.“难的、困难的;硬的;努力的;勤劳的”,相当于difficult。
The teacher asked a hard question.老师问了一个很难回答的问题。
That's hard work.那是一项困难的工作。 She's a very hard worker. 她工作很卖力。
It is hard for sb. to do sth. It is hard for him to learn English well.
2. 用力的;猛烈的He gave the door a good hard kick. 他狠狠踢了一下门。
3.冷酷无情的;硬心肠的;苛刻的
My father was a hard man. 我父亲是个不讲情面的人。
He said some very hard things to me.他对我说了些很不近人情的话。
副词 1.努力地;费力地;艰难地 study hard努力工作;努力学习 work hard努力工作
Don't hit it so hard!别这么用力打!
2.猛力地;猛烈地 ;;沉重地;大量地;长时间地It’s raining hard.
3. 彻底认真地 think hard 认真思考
十.soon不久;很快 (指时间上)
soon 指(时间上)不久的将来将发生某个动作或某种情况 Please call me soon.
quickly 指动作反应敏捷或完成得快,具有即刻行动,毫不耽搁之意 He quickly gets up and goes to school.
fast 侧重于动作速度之快 He runs fast.
as soon as... 一…就… I will write to you as soon as I get to the USA. 我一到美国就写信给你。
as soon as possible 尽快 You should do your homework as soon as possible. 你应该尽快写作业。
how soon... 多久...? 对将来的动作提问.
-How soon will you arrive -In 5 minutes.
十一.be going to +表示地点或场所类的名词 打算去...
be going to do sth. 打算做...
We are going to the zoo.我们准备去动物园。 I’m going to visit Beijing. 我打算去北京。
十二.write to sb. = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信 I’m writing to you.
hear from sb.= get a letter from sb. 收到某人来信 write back to sb. 给某人写回信
十三.work 动词
1.“工作、运转、运行” 运于否定句中,多表示某一物件“坏了”或“不运作了”
Sth. isn’t working. = Sth. doesn’t work. =Sth. is broken. 某物坏了
=There is something wrong with ...
The watch isn’t working. = The watch doesn’t work. 那块表坏了。
=The watch is broken. =There is something wrong with the watch.
2.开动,操作(机器、装置等);使运作
Do you know how to work the coffee machine 你会使用咖啡机吗?
3.使奏效;(由于努力)造成,产生Your plan works well. 你的计划很有效。
十四.country (n.)1. “国家” European countries欧洲国家
2. “乡下,农村= countryside”,常用单数与the连用
.a healthy life in the country... 乡下的健康生活
3.(adj.)“乡村的,民间的”
For a long time I just wanted to play country music. 有很长一段时间我只想弹奏乡村音乐。
十五.just right for... “正好适合…” The coat is just right for you.这家外套正好适合你。
right 反义 wrong
形容词 1. 正当;妥当 I hope we're doing the right thing .我希望我们这样做是妥当的。
2. 正确的;真正的;真实的 Did you get the answer right 你回答得正确吗?
What's the right time ——10.37. 现在的准确时间是几点?——10点37分。
3. 适当的;正好的;恰当的
Have you got the right money for the bus fare 你有零钱买车票吗?
Is this the right way to the beach 去海滩是走这条路吗?
4.右边的 反义left
副词 1.正好;恰好;直接地 Lee is standing right behind her.李就站在她身后。
The bus came right on time.公共汽车正好准时到达。
2. 立即;马上;毫不耽搁 I'll be right back. 我马上就回来。
I'll be right with you.我这就过来。
3. 正确地;确切地 You guessed right.你猜着了。
4.顺利;正常 Nothing's going right for me today.今天没有哪一件事让我顺心。
5.在右边;向右边 反义left Turn right at the end of the street.在街的那头往右拐。
名词 1.正当;公正;正义;正确
She doesn't understand the difference between right and wrong.她不能明辨是非。
2.[可数名词, 不可数名词] ~ (to sth/to do sth) 正当的要求;权利
Everyone has a right to a fair trial.每个人都有权获得公正的审判。
What gives you the right to do that 你有什么权利这样做?
3. 右边;右方;右 反义left Take the first street on the right .走右手的第一条街。
十六.. some of ... “…中的一些”
some of ...做主语时,谓语动词单复数由of后面的名词决定
Some of these apples are green. Some of the water is not clean.
十七.happy 快乐的;高兴的;幸福的
1.be happy to do sth. 做某事是高兴的, 情愿,乐意(做某事)
I'm happy to leave it till tomorrow.我愿意把它留到明天再做。
2.be happy with sth. 对...感到满意
I'm not happy with his work this term.我对他这学期的表现不满意。
3.be happy that + 从句
He's happy that I do it myself. 我自己把事情解决了,对此他很满意。
拓展:happiness 幸福 [不可数名词]to find true happiness寻找真正的幸福
十八.) sit (v.) v-ing: sitting
1.坐 sit down 坐下 stand up 站起来 sit on a chair/ the ground 坐在…上
sit at a table / a desk 坐在桌前,书桌旁 Just sit still!坐着别动!
2.使坐;使就座
He lifted the child and sat her on the wall. 他抱起孩子,让她坐在墙头上。
3.处在;坐落在;被放在
A large bus was sitting outside. 外面停着一辆大轿车。
The jacket sat beautifully on her shoulders (= fitted well) .那件夹克穿在她身上很合身。
The box sat unopened on the shelf.盒子搁在架子上,没有打开。
十九.) by 介词,“在…旁边”,= by the side of
1.“用某种方法” He makes a living by teaching.
2.表示“在…之前” We can finish the work by noon.
3.by+交通工具 by car
4. by the way“顺便说一下” By the way,what time is it
二十.反意疑问句由两部分构成:前一部分陈述形式,后一部分为简短问句。
1.原则:前肯后否或者前否后肯。
(后一部分的主谓与前一部分主谓在人称、时态和数上保持一致;后一部分是否定时not要缩写,主语用代词代替)
It’s very hot today, isn’t it 今天天气很热,是不是?
It isn’t very hot today, is it 今天不是很热,是吗?
回答:不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就用no。
She isn’t a teacher ,is she 她不是教师,是吗?
Yes,she is.不,她是。/ No ,she isn’t.是的,她不是。
当回答“前否后肯”的反义疑问句时,注意翻译。
如果事实是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”;翻译时,“Yes”翻译为“不”
如果事实是否定的,用“No+否定结构”;翻译时,“No”翻译为“是”
注意:否定词代表否定意义,如few ,little, never, nothing, hardly,seldom(很少)等, 等同于 not, 整个句子为否定形式,后用肯定。
You never fail the exam, do you You dislike English, don't you
二十一. take a photo/ take photos
take a photo of sb./sth. “给某人/某物拍照;拍一张某人/某物的照片”
Eg: They are taking photos of the panda.他们正在给那只熊猫拍照。

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