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2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷03
英语·答题卡2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷03
（新高考I卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why was the offer refused
A．It wasn’t fit for the market. B．It was rather low. C．It was a bit high.
2．Where are the speakers now
A．In the street. B．In the chemist’s. C．In the tourist office.
3．When is the pop show
A．At 7:30. B．At 8:20. C．At 8:30.
4．What will the man do to stay warm
A．Put on a blanket. B．Turn on the heater. C．Drink hot chocolate.
5．What is the woman busy doing
A．Picking up her French. B．Packing up for her trip.
C．Making a study plan. D．Applying for a visa to France.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man going to Canada for
A．Research. B．Further study. C．Sightseeing.
7．What will the speakers do next
A．Buy a suitcase. B．Pack clothes. C．Prepare materials.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the man doing on his computer
A．Watching a movie. B．Listening to a book. C．Enjoying some music.
9．How often is the reading posted on the website
A．Monthly. B．Weekly. C．Daily.
10．What is Daniel Radcliffe
A．A director. B．A writer. C．An actor.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What does Becky like about living with her parents
A．They have a big house.
B．They cook meals for her.
C．They pay all her expenses.
12．What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother
A．Have patience.
B．Provide company.
C．Express gratitude.
13．Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own
A．They may feel lonely.
B．They may fail to get along.
C．They may have an emergency.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．A．To get a driver’s license. B．To refresh his driving skills.
C．To review his driving knowledge. D．To test his driving skills.
15．A．In an open parking lot. B．In the neighborhood.
C．In the car for a driving test. D．In an examination room.
16．A．He almost hit a pedestrian. B．He didn’t signal his turn.
C．He drove faster than he was allowed. D．All of the above mistakes.
17．A．Come on Friday or Monday next time. B．Have more practice.
C．Take the test with another officer. D．Get his car checked.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study
A．To install some audio equipment in a lab. B．To test their eyesight using a phone app.
C．To send smartphone messages. D．To solve word search puzzles.
19．What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang
A．They no longer concentrated on their task. B．They didn’t go on until the ringing stopped.
C．They called back right away. D．They wanted to answer the phone.
20．According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of using smartphones
A．A decline in sports activities. B．A rise in emotional problems.
C．A decline in academic performance. D．A reduction in the amount of sleep.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rome can be expensive for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s fun without being too noisy. As an added advantage, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for a clean and modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings (家具陈设). There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, who will offer you a map of the city when you arrive, and advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What is the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Safety. C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people enjoying an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel.
B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.
D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.
B
The Nobel Prize is considered as one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. After years of efforts, in 1867, Nobel invented dynamite, which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image. The newspaper strongly blamed Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
24．What led to Nobel’s invention of dynamite according to Paragraph 2
A．The strong desire to make money. B．His great curiosity and devotion to science.
C．His lifetime dream of achieving success. D．The valuable help from his family.
25．When did Nobel invent dynamite
A．34. B．40. C．42. D．55.
26．What was Alfred Nobel’s attitude towards the newspaper’s obituary
A．Optimistic. B．Satisfied. C．Upset. D．Supportive.
27．Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation
A．To be remembered as “the merchant of death”. B．To prove the importance of his inventions.
C．To publish his findings of scientific research. D．To leave a good name to the public.
C
Dreams have fascinated people for thousands of years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.
David Eagle-man, a neuroscience at Stanford University, has proposed the idea that dreaming is necessary to protect the visual cortex (大脑皮层)—the part of the brain responsible for processing vision. He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.” Eagle-man points to people who lose sight or hearing. They show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses because the region of the brain normally used by the lost sense is taken over by other senses.
When you sleep, you can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent —except during REM sleep. About 90 minutes after drifting off to sleep, you enter REM. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze major muscles, preventing the sleeper from acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process. Scans of dreaming people show most of the brain activity associated with REM is within the visual cortex. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting takeover from other senses, according to Eagle-man.
Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.
28．What is Eagle-man’s primary theory about dreams
A．They strengthen sensory functions. B．They process emotional experiences.
C．They safeguard certain brain territory. D．They heighten visual responsiveness.
29．How does Eagle-man interpret neurons’ activity regarding resource distribution
A．Precise selection. B．Desperate struggle. C．Rapid adaptation. D．Harmonious balance.
30．What do we know about REM sleep
A．It lasts for about 90 minutes. B．It consists of two critical stages.
C．It allows sleepers to act out their dreams. D．It starts with brain stem’s signaling process.
31．Why are dreams compared to a computer screen saver
A．To show their creative aspect. B．To highlight their randomness.
C．To signify their repetitive nature. D．To illustrate their protective function.
D
Denmark is the largest producer of oil and gas in the European Union, which does not include Norway and the UK, two countries that are larger producers. In 2016, Denmark produced 145,674 barrels of oil per day. That’s why the Danish government’s decision to end all oil and gas exploration in the North Sea is such a big deal.
Denmark will stop extracting (提炼) fossil fuels from the 55 existing oil and gas platforms in the sea at the end of 2050. The future of these offshore oil and gas rigs (钻塔) was uncertain after Denmark agreed to a very ambitious climate target in 2019, to reduce greenhouse emissions by 70 percent in 2030 and to being completely climate neutral 20 years later.
The Danish government estimated that this new policy will amount to $2.147 billion in lost revenue (财政收入). It is the oil and gas industries in the North Sea that made Denmark one of the richest countries as well as one of the happiest. But, for last 10 years, the country has focused on clean energy including offshore wind farms.
Denmark is not the first country to end oil and gas exploration, that title goes to France, but it is the first major fossil fuel producing one and this decision is being applauded by environmental groups.
“This is what climate leadership looks like,” Mel Evans, a climate campaigner for Greenpeace UK, said. “All eyes will be on the UK next year as we host crucial climate talks, so our prime minister should take note.”
While it is unknown if the UK will follow, Denmark’s decision is still a huge victory in the fight against climate change and will go a long way to meeting the 2015 Paris Agreement to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. Hopefully more countries will follow.
32．What has Danmark paid more attention to in the recent decade
A．Gas and oil. B．Happiness. C．Agricultural farms. D．Clean energy.
33．What can we infer from what Mel Evans said
A．He participated in climate talks. B．He thinks highly of Denmark’s decision.
C．The UK is bound to follow Denmark’s example. D．Climate talks will influence the future of Britain.
34．What’s the author’s attitude to Denmark’s decision to end all oil exploration
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.
35．What’s the suitable title for the text
A．Oil and Gas Exploration Benefits Denmark B．Denmark’s New Decision Surprises the World
C．Denmark Produces Oil and Gas in Europe Most D．Denmark Will End New Exploration in North Sea
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting and staying focused can be a challenge even in the best of times. But with everything going on in the world, concentrating can often feel down-right impossible. Below are some tips to help you find your flow.
Distract (使分心) your brain. Schedule into every workday some breaks from all that focusing and allow your mind to travel into what’s called the “default (默认的) mode network” for a bit of freestyle activities. 36 . It’s the place where our minds find innovation and creativity and often make better decisions than the focused mind.
37 . This involves first turning your attention inward. Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable — maybe it’s a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm sandy beach. Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.
Block interruptions before diving into deep work. 38 . To help, turn off text messaging, notifications and social media alerts. Be vital when you want a deep dive into focus. Your important work benefits when you shut off or put away your phone and other screens.
Know your body clock. Whether you are sharp in the morning or a night owl, don’t spend your day — in particular your peak brain hours — doing busywork. 39 .
Try new hobbies. Engaging in hobbies not only is fun but can help us come up with new solutions to problems we’re facing at work or home. 40 .
A．Try to daydream what happened
B．We try to obtain focus but in vain
C．Engage in positive constructive daydreaming
D．Instead, reserve your best brain time for the big stuff
E．This network of the brain circuit is where magic happens
F．Our days are filled with distractions, from others and ourselves
G．Allowing your mind time to play is another way to invite innovation
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ten when my mother was diagnosed with cancer. Prior to that, she had been a(n) 41 woman, active to an extent most people found astonishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accomplishments. But at thirty-one, her life 42 . And so did mine.
She could do anything, I 43 . She won tennis tournaments. She took photographs and held her own exhibition. She 44 as a newspaper columnist, and she cooked Spanish dishes for the family.
Now, she faced her illness with the same 45 . Words like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part of a(n) 46 new world we entered together. 47 , I began to help take care of her. And it became routine to 48 her into the kitchen, where she instructed me in the 49 of peeling carrots and potatoes and how to prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accomplishment was a 50 for us both: the electric typewriter, the car with power steering and brakes, her return to 51 , where she earned a master’s degree in special education. She eventually founded an activist support group called The Handicappers. One day, without 52 much beforehand, she took me to a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen so many people with so many 53 . I returned home, thinking how 54 we really were.
Because my mother accepted her condition with such optimism, I rarely felt sad or resentful about it. Instead, I viewed her drive to look forward to things I 55 as a great mystery and powerful inspiration in my life.
41．A．gentle B．energetic C．talented D．decent
42．A．changed B．failed C．improved D．paused
43．A．imagined B．admitted C．doubted D．believed
44．A．applied B．spoke C．wrote D．studied
45．A．success B．sincerity C．enthusiasm D．wisdom
46．A．familiar B．strange C．exciting D．changeable
47．A．Gradually B．Particularly C．Alternatively D．Finally
48．A．drag B．pull C．guide D．wheel
49．A．art B．significance C．safety D．plan
50．A．solution B．milestone C．dream D．warning
51．A．hospital B．court C．work D．college
52．A．saying B．hiding C．pretending D．showing
53．A．gifts B．disabilities C．weaknesses D．privileges
54．A．strong B．hopeless C．helpful D．fortunate
55．A．took into account B．bore in mind C．took for granted D．kept in check
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
There was a time, not long 56 , when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible. The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water —turning one of the 57 (country) most biodiversity regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that 58 (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 59 the Rothschild’s giraffe.
The Rothschild’s giraffe went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching. Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 60 (active). Within a year, they had established a 44,000-acre community reserve 61 both the Pokot and IIchamus work. “It wasn’t easy, ” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.” But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 62 (one) group of Rothschild’s giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they’d multiply and repopulate the area. The giraffes 63 (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo. The species’ return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 64 much-needed boost. The relocated animals, and their babies 65 (bear) on the peninsula, became” a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth,” Sebei says.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校最近举办了一次运动会。请你为校报写一篇英文报道。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.过程；
3.意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The School Sports Meeting
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Christmas was a very difficult time for me. My family and all of my close friends were back home in Florida, and I was all alone in a rather cold California.
I was working a double shift at the Southwest Airlines ticket counter, it was about 9:00 P.M. on Christmas Eve, and I was feeling really miserable inside.
When it was time for me to call the next person to the counter, I looked out to see the sweetest-looking old man standing with a cane. He walked very slowly over to the counter and in the faintest voice told me that he had to go to New Orleans. When I tried to explain to him that there were no more flights that night and that he would have to go in the morning, he looked very worried.
After much time, I was able to at least find out that this old man was dropped off at the curb (路缘) on Christmas Eve by his sister-in-law and told to go to New Orleans, where he had family. When I asked if he could come back tomorrow, he said that he would wait at the airport until tomorrow.
Naturally, I felt a little ashamed. Here I was feeling very sorry for myself about being alone on Christmas, when this old man named Clarence MacDonald was sent to me to remind me of what being alone really meant. It broke my heart.
Immediately, I told him we would get it all straightened out, and our Customer Service agent helped to book him a seat for the earliest flight the next morning. We gave him the senior citizens’ fare,which gave him some extra money for traveling. About this time, he started to look very tired, and when I stepped around the counter to ask him if he was all right, I saw that his leg was wrapped in a bandage (绷带). He had been standing on it that whole time, holding a plastic bag full of clothes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I noticed blood on his bandage and immediately called for a wheelchair.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I went to ask my manager if we could find a place for him to stay.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷03
（新高考I卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why was the offer refused
A．It wasn’t fit for the market. B．It was rather low. C．It was a bit high.
2．Where are the speakers now
A．In the street. B．In the chemist’s. C．In the tourist office.
3．When is the pop show
A．At 7:30. B．At 8:20. C．At 8:30.
4．What will the man do to stay warm
A．Put on a blanket. B．Turn on the heater. C．Drink hot chocolate.
5．What is the woman busy doing
A．Picking up her French. B．Packing up for her trip.
C．Making a study plan. D．Applying for a visa to France.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man going to Canada for
A．Research. B．Further study. C．Sightseeing.
7．What will the speakers do next
A．Buy a suitcase. B．Pack clothes. C．Prepare materials.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the man doing on his computer
A．Watching a movie. B．Listening to a book. C．Enjoying some music.
9．How often is the reading posted on the website
A．Monthly. B．Weekly. C．Daily.
10．What is Daniel Radcliffe
A．A director. B．A writer. C．An actor.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What does Becky like about living with her parents
A．They have a big house.
B．They cook meals for her.
C．They pay all her expenses.
12．What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother
A．Have patience.
B．Provide company.
C．Express gratitude.
13．Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own
A．They may feel lonely.
B．They may fail to get along.
C．They may have an emergency.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．A．To get a driver’s license. B．To refresh his driving skills.
C．To review his driving knowledge. D．To test his driving skills.
15．A．In an open parking lot. B．In the neighborhood.
C．In the car for a driving test. D．In an examination room.
16．A．He almost hit a pedestrian. B．He didn’t signal his turn.
C．He drove faster than he was allowed. D．All of the above mistakes.
17．A．Come on Friday or Monday next time. B．Have more practice.
C．Take the test with another officer. D．Get his car checked.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study
A．To install some audio equipment in a lab. B．To test their eyesight using a phone app.
C．To send smartphone messages. D．To solve word search puzzles.
19．What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang
A．They no longer concentrated on their task. B．They didn’t go on until the ringing stopped.
C．They called back right away. D．They wanted to answer the phone.
20．According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of using smartphones
A．A decline in sports activities. B．A rise in emotional problems.
C．A decline in academic performance. D．A reduction in the amount of sleep.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rome can be expensive for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s fun without being too noisy. As an added advantage, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for a clean and modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings (家具陈设). There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, who will offer you a map of the city when you arrive, and advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What is the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Safety. C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people enjoying an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel.
B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.
D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.
B
The Nobel Prize is considered as one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. After years of efforts, in 1867, Nobel invented dynamite, which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image. The newspaper strongly blamed Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
24．What led to Nobel’s invention of dynamite according to Paragraph 2
A．The strong desire to make money. B．His great curiosity and devotion to science.
C．His lifetime dream of achieving success. D．The valuable help from his family.
25．When did Nobel invent dynamite
A．34. B．40. C．42. D．55.
26．What was Alfred Nobel’s attitude towards the newspaper’s obituary
A．Optimistic. B．Satisfied. C．Upset. D．Supportive.
27．Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation
A．To be remembered as “the merchant of death”. B．To prove the importance of his inventions.
C．To publish his findings of scientific research. D．To leave a good name to the public.
C
Dreams have fascinated people for thousands of years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.
David Eagle-man, a neuroscience at Stanford University, has proposed the idea that dreaming is necessary to protect the visual cortex (大脑皮层)—the part of the brain responsible for processing vision. He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.” Eagle-man points to people who lose sight or hearing. They show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses because the region of the brain normally used by the lost sense is taken over by other senses.
When you sleep, you can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent —except during REM sleep. About 90 minutes after drifting off to sleep, you enter REM. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze major muscles, preventing the sleeper from acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process. Scans of dreaming people show most of the brain activity associated with REM is within the visual cortex. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting takeover from other senses, according to Eagle-man.
Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.
28．What is Eagle-man’s primary theory about dreams
A．They strengthen sensory functions. B．They process emotional experiences.
C．They safeguard certain brain territory. D．They heighten visual responsiveness.
29．How does Eagle-man interpret neurons’ activity regarding resource distribution
A．Precise selection. B．Desperate struggle. C．Rapid adaptation. D．Harmonious balance.
30．What do we know about REM sleep
A．It lasts for about 90 minutes. B．It consists of two critical stages.
C．It allows sleepers to act out their dreams. D．It starts with brain stem’s signaling process.
31．Why are dreams compared to a computer screen saver
A．To show their creative aspect. B．To highlight their randomness.
C．To signify their repetitive nature. D．To illustrate their protective function.
D
Denmark is the largest producer of oil and gas in the European Union, which does not include Norway and the UK, two countries that are larger producers. In 2016, Denmark produced 145,674 barrels of oil per day. That’s why the Danish government’s decision to end all oil and gas exploration in the North Sea is such a big deal.
Denmark will stop extracting (提炼) fossil fuels from the 55 existing oil and gas platforms in the sea at the end of 2050. The future of these offshore oil and gas rigs (钻塔) was uncertain after Denmark agreed to a very ambitious climate target in 2019, to reduce greenhouse emissions by 70 percent in 2030 and to being completely climate neutral 20 years later.
The Danish government estimated that this new policy will amount to $2.147 billion in lost revenue (财政收入). It is the oil and gas industries in the North Sea that made Denmark one of the richest countries as well as one of the happiest. But, for last 10 years, the country has focused on clean energy including offshore wind farms.
Denmark is not the first country to end oil and gas exploration, that title goes to France, but it is the first major fossil fuel producing one and this decision is being applauded by environmental groups.
“This is what climate leadership looks like,” Mel Evans, a climate campaigner for Greenpeace UK, said. “All eyes will be on the UK next year as we host crucial climate talks, so our prime minister should take note.”
While it is unknown if the UK will follow, Denmark’s decision is still a huge victory in the fight against climate change and will go a long way to meeting the 2015 Paris Agreement to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. Hopefully more countries will follow.
32．What has Danmark paid more attention to in the recent decade
A．Gas and oil. B．Happiness. C．Agricultural farms. D．Clean energy.
33．What can we infer from what Mel Evans said
A．He participated in climate talks. B．He thinks highly of Denmark’s decision.
C．The UK is bound to follow Denmark’s example. D．Climate talks will influence the future of Britain.
34．What’s the author’s attitude to Denmark’s decision to end all oil exploration
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.
35．What’s the suitable title for the text
A．Oil and Gas Exploration Benefits Denmark B．Denmark’s New Decision Surprises the World
C．Denmark Produces Oil and Gas in Europe Most D．Denmark Will End New Exploration in North Sea
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting and staying focused can be a challenge even in the best of times. But with everything going on in the world, concentrating can often feel down-right impossible. Below are some tips to help you find your flow.
Distract (使分心) your brain. Schedule into every workday some breaks from all that focusing and allow your mind to travel into what’s called the “default (默认的) mode network” for a bit of freestyle activities. 36 . It’s the place where our minds find innovation and creativity and often make better decisions than the focused mind.
37 . This involves first turning your attention inward. Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable — maybe it’s a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm sandy beach. Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.
Block interruptions before diving into deep work. 38 . To help, turn off text messaging, notifications and social media alerts. Be vital when you want a deep dive into focus. Your important work benefits when you shut off or put away your phone and other screens.
Know your body clock. Whether you are sharp in the morning or a night owl, don’t spend your day — in particular your peak brain hours — doing busywork. 39 .
Try new hobbies. Engaging in hobbies not only is fun but can help us come up with new solutions to problems we’re facing at work or home. 40 .
A．Try to daydream what happened
B．We try to obtain focus but in vain
C．Engage in positive constructive daydreaming
D．Instead, reserve your best brain time for the big stuff
E．This network of the brain circuit is where magic happens
F．Our days are filled with distractions, from others and ourselves
G．Allowing your mind time to play is another way to invite innovation
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ten when my mother was diagnosed with cancer. Prior to that, she had been a(n) 41 woman, active to an extent most people found astonishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accomplishments. But at thirty-one, her life 42 . And so did mine.
She could do anything, I 43 . She won tennis tournaments. She took photographs and held her own exhibition. She 44 as a newspaper columnist, and she cooked Spanish dishes for the family.
Now, she faced her illness with the same 45 . Words like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part of a(n) 46 new world we entered together. 47 , I began to help take care of her. And it became routine to 48 her into the kitchen, where she instructed me in the 49 of peeling carrots and potatoes and how to prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accomplishment was a 50 for us both: the electric typewriter, the car with power steering and brakes, her return to 51 , where she earned a master’s degree in special education. She eventually founded an activist support group called The Handicappers. One day, without 52 much beforehand, she took me to a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen so many people with so many 53 . I returned home, thinking how 54 we really were.
Because my mother accepted her condition with such optimism, I rarely felt sad or resentful about it. Instead, I viewed her drive to look forward to things I 55 as a great mystery and powerful inspiration in my life.
41．A．gentle B．energetic C．talented D．decent
42．A．changed B．failed C．improved D．paused
43．A．imagined B．admitted C．doubted D．believed
44．A．applied B．spoke C．wrote D．studied
45．A．success B．sincerity C．enthusiasm D．wisdom
46．A．familiar B．strange C．exciting D．changeable
47．A．Gradually B．Particularly C．Alternatively D．Finally
48．A．drag B．pull C．guide D．wheel
49．A．art B．significance C．safety D．plan
50．A．solution B．milestone C．dream D．warning
51．A．hospital B．court C．work D．college
52．A．saying B．hiding C．pretending D．showing
53．A．gifts B．disabilities C．weaknesses D．privileges
54．A．strong B．hopeless C．helpful D．fortunate
55．A．took into account B．bore in mind C．took for granted D．kept in check
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
There was a time, not long 56 , when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible. The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water —turning one of the 57 (country) most biodiversity regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that 58 (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 59 the Rothschild’s giraffe.
The Rothschild’s giraffe went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching. Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 60 (active). Within a year, they had established a 44,000-acre community reserve 61 both the Pokot and IIchamus work. “It wasn’t easy, ” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.” But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 62 (one) group of Rothschild’s giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they’d multiply and repopulate the area. The giraffes 63 (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo. The species’ return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 64 much-needed boost. The relocated animals, and their babies 65 (bear) on the peninsula, became” a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth,” Sebei says.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校最近举办了一次运动会。请你为校报写一篇英文报道。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.过程；
3.意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The School Sports Meeting
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Christmas was a very difficult time for me. My family and all of my close friends were back home in Florida, and I was all alone in a rather cold California.
I was working a double shift at the Southwest Airlines ticket counter, it was about 9:00 P.M. on Christmas Eve, and I was feeling really miserable inside.
When it was time for me to call the next person to the counter, I looked out to see the sweetest-looking old man standing with a cane. He walked very slowly over to the counter and in the faintest voice told me that he had to go to New Orleans. When I tried to explain to him that there were no more flights that night and that he would have to go in the morning, he looked very worried.
After much time, I was able to at least find out that this old man was dropped off at the curb (路缘) on Christmas Eve by his sister-in-law and told to go to New Orleans, where he had family. When I asked if he could come back tomorrow, he said that he would wait at the airport until tomorrow.
Naturally, I felt a little ashamed. Here I was feeling very sorry for myself about being alone on Christmas, when this old man named Clarence MacDonald was sent to me to remind me of what being alone really meant. It broke my heart.
Immediately, I told him we would get it all straightened out, and our Customer Service agent helped to book him a seat for the earliest flight the next morning. We gave him the senior citizens’ fare,which gave him some extra money for traveling. About this time, he started to look very tired, and when I stepped around the counter to ask him if he was all right, I saw that his leg was wrapped in a bandage (绷带). He had been standing on it that whole time, holding a plastic bag full of clothes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I noticed blood on his bandage and immediately called for a wheelchair.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I went to ask my manager if we could find a place for him to stay.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届高三英语高考模拟风向卷03
（新高考I卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why was the offer refused
A．It wasn’t fit for the market. B．It was rather low. C．It was a bit high.
【答案】C
【原文】W: I’m disappointed that Everest did not accept our offer.
M: The director over there thought it wasn’t low enough.
W: According to our research, it was generous by market standards.
2．Where are the speakers now
A．In the street. B．In the chemist’s. C．In the tourist office.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Excuse me. I’m looking for the tourist office.
M: Oh, it’s just around the corner. Go straight ahead and take the third turning on the right. The tourist office is between the chemist’s and the hotel.
W: OK. Thank you.
3．When is the pop show
A．At 7:30. B．At 8:20. C．At 8:30.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Shall we watch TV tonight
W: All right. What’s on tonight
M: A pop show on Channel Six is at 7:30. Then at 8:20 there is a western.
4．What will the man do to stay warm
A．Put on a blanket. B．Turn on the heater. C．Drink hot chocolate.
【答案】A
【原文】M: It’s very cold here. I’m going to turn the heater on to warm this place up a little.
W: Why do you think I’m drinking hot chocolate Here, take this blanket. The heater isn’t working right now.
5．What is the woman busy doing
A．Picking up her French. B．Packing up for her trip.
C．Making a study plan. D．Applying for a visa to France.
【答案】A
【原文】M: So, that’s what’s been keeping you so busy recently!
W: Yes, I’ve been tied up with my studies. You know I’m planning to go to France soon, but I’m a bit nervous about my French.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man going to Canada for
A．Research. B．Further study. C．Sightseeing.
7．What will the speakers do next
A．Buy a suitcase. B．Pack clothes. C．Prepare materials.
【答案】6．A 7．A
【原文】W: What are you going to do in Canada
M: My lab is working together with a research station in Canada so I will work there for a long time.
W: How long will it take
M: Three months, probably. It’ll depend on how everything is going.
W: It’s cold there. You may need some heavy clothes. Oh, this suitcase is probably too small.
M: Don’t worry! I do most of the work in the lab. But I do need a large suitcase. I’ll take a lot of research materials with me.
W: So why don’t we go to the shop to get a larger suitcase
M: OK. Let’s go.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the man doing on his computer
A．Watching a movie. B．Listening to a book. C．Enjoying some music.
9．How often is the reading posted on the website
A．Monthly. B．Weekly. C．Daily.
10．What is Daniel Radcliffe
A．A director. B．A writer. C．An actor.
【答案】8．B 9．B 10．C
【原文】W: Are you listening to any music on your computer
M: No. I started listening to the book Harry Potter a month ago.
W: I love this book.
M: Then why not listen to it on the Harry Potter website Each week a famous person reads out loud a new chapter of the book. Then it is posted on the website.
W: That’s great. So, who read the first chapter of the book
M: It’s Daniel Radcliffe, the man who starred Harry Potter in the Harry Potter movies.
W: Oh, really Now I just cannot wait to listen to his reading.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What does Becky like about living with her parents
A．They have a big house.
B．They cook meals for her.
C．They pay all her expenses.
12．What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother
A．Have patience.
B．Provide company.
C．Express gratitude.
13．Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own
A．They may feel lonely.
B．They may fail to get along.
C．They may have an emergency.
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C
【原文】W: Ethan, have you thought about getting your own house
M: Yeah. But I’m convinced my parents love having me back. What about you
W: Um... Not sure yet. Right now, I enjoy getting my meals cooked for me every day.
M: Do you pay a contribution to the house
W: Of course, I do. But it’s still much less than I would pay to live in my own flat. Right
M: Obviously.
W: The only thing I don’t like is that my mom wants to know every part of my life. Becky, what are you doing tomorrow Where With whom The same questions every day.
M: Moms are like that. They ask because they care. You’ve got to be patient with them. My parents ask those questions too, but I may not move out soon. The thought of leaving them fills me with fear. What if one of them falls over What if they both have a fall together
W: That would be terrible.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．A．To get a driver’s license. B．To refresh his driving skills.
C．To review his driving knowledge. D．To test his driving skills.
15．A．In an open parking lot. B．In the neighborhood.
C．In the car for a driving test. D．In an examination room.
16．A．He almost hit a pedestrian. B．He didn’t signal his turn.
C．He drove faster than he was allowed. D．All of the above mistakes.
17．A．Come on Friday or Monday next time. B．Have more practice.
C．Take the test with another officer. D．Get his car checked.
【答案】14．A 15．C 16．D 17．B
【原文】W: Ok, Mr. Smith. Are you ready Let’s begin your road test.
M: Yes, I am ready. I’ve been practicing all the week.
W: Right. As I’m sure you are aware of the requirements of the test. You will not only be tested on your knowledge of the rules of the road, but on your behavior towards other motorists.
M: Yeah, I know. Shall we go now
W: Ok. Go ahead and take it easy.
M: Thanks.
W: Whoa! Look at the speed limit sign. The speed limit in this business district is only 25 miles an hour.
M: Sorry, I didn’t notice it.
W: Now, turn right at the next corner. Not here! Wow! You forgot to signal, too!
M: Gosh. I forgot.
W: Forget it. Just keep driving.
M: So, how am I doing Can I just take a glance at your notes
W: No! Watch out. Mr. Smith. You’re driving too close to the vehicle in front of us.
M: Oh, yeah. I’m just so excited about getting my license today.
W: OK. Now, carefully turn right here, and wait, wait. Stop! You almost hit that pedestrian. How on earth did you pass the written test anyway You have to give way to any pedestrians crossing the street.
M: Oh, sorry about that. It won’t happen again.
W: Now, drive carefully back to my office.
M: Does this mean I didn’t pass the test
W: No, you didn’t. I’m afraid you failed today. Please keep practicing and come back until you are quite familiar with the rules of the road.
M: Thank you. I will practice and come back.
W: You are welcome any time on the weekdays, but Monday and Friday are quite busy.
M: Thanks. I got it.
Questions:
17. Why did the man take the test
18. Where did the conversation take place
19. What mistake did the man make
20. What did the woman suggest the man do in the end
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study
A．To install some audio equipment in a lab. B．To test their eyesight using a phone app.
C．To send smartphone messages. D．To solve word search puzzles.
19．What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang
A．They no longer concentrated on their task. B．They didn’t go on until the ringing stopped.
C．They called back right away. D．They wanted to answer the phone.
20．According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of using smartphones
A．A decline in sports activities. B．A rise in emotional problems.
C．A decline in academic performance. D．A reduction in the amount of sleep.
【答案】18．D 19．A 20．D
【原文】In a recent study carried out by psychologists on the serious effects of smartphones, two groups of college students were given word search puzzles. The first group was told to complete the puzzles with its participants, smartphones, in their line of sight. The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with equipment in the experiment and would need to be moved away from the testing area.
Midway through the second group’s solving of the puzzles, the experiment called one of the phones “let it ring for a while before hanging up”. Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group.
Use of electronics has also been known to lead to a decline in human interactions rather than having real life conversations, and many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites. Many students use smartphones and computers when they pass non-academic exams, which leads to poor grades. Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction on the amount of sleep, which leads to poor health and weight gain.
Technology is a great tool. However, it’s important to recognize its down sides. Lack of sleep, reduction of productivity and weight gain are only a few. If we are not careful about all these minor problems right now, effect on the future generation is going to be much bigger.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rome can be expensive for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s fun without being too noisy. As an added advantage, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for a clean and modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings (家具陈设). There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, who will offer you a map of the city when you arrive, and advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What is the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Safety. C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people enjoying an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel.
B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.
D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了旅游城市罗马几个热门的酒店，它们有不同的风格，供您选择。
21．细节理解题。根据原文第一句“Rome can be expensive for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).”（罗马对游客来说很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆的原因。）可知，旅游的人选择住旅社是因为价格原因。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace中“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.”（如果你喜欢社会旅馆，这是你在罗马最好的旅馆。旅馆亚历山德罗宫殿是有趣的。工作人员为客人举办了大量的酒吧活动。屋顶上还有一个区域，可以在夏天与其他游客一起闲逛。）可知，在这个旅馆会有大量的社交活动，因此适合热衷于社交的旅客。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes中“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.”（不过，你需要每天支付2欧元的Wi-Fi使用费。）可知，这个酒店的缺点是需要付费才能上网。故选C项。
B
The Nobel Prize is considered as one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. After years of efforts, in 1867, Nobel invented dynamite, which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image. The newspaper strongly blamed Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
24．What led to Nobel’s invention of dynamite according to Paragraph 2
A．The strong desire to make money. B．His great curiosity and devotion to science.
C．His lifetime dream of achieving success. D．The valuable help from his family.
25．When did Nobel invent dynamite
A．34. B．40. C．42. D．55.
26．What was Alfred Nobel’s attitude towards the newspaper’s obituary
A．Optimistic. B．Satisfied. C．Upset. D．Supportive.
27．Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation
A．To be remembered as “the merchant of death”. B．To prove the importance of his inventions.
C．To publish his findings of scientific research. D．To leave a good name to the public.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要介绍了诺贝尔一生发明了无数的爆炸物品，但是却因此而受到了人们的诟病，为了提升自己的公众形象，将自己一生大部分的财产捐献了出去，成立基金奖励在各行业做出突出贡献的人。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. After years of efforts, in 1867, Nobel invented dynamite, which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.(诺贝尔对它在压力或高温下爆炸的不可预测的性质很感兴趣，他开始寻找控制它的方法，并制造出可用的炸药。经过多年的努力，诺贝尔在1867年发明了炸药，它比硝酸甘油更容易控制，也更安全)”可知，对未知的大自然爆炸是极其感兴趣的，说明他有好奇心；他经过数年的不懈努力，终于发明了炸药，可知，他对科学的执着和投入促使了他发明了炸药。由此可知，他对科学的好奇以及投入使得他发明了炸药，故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden.(阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔于1833年出生在瑞典斯德哥尔摩的一个工程师家庭)”以及“After years of efforts, in 1867, Nobel invented dynamite, which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.(经过多年的努力，诺贝尔在1867年发明了炸药，它比硝酸甘油更容易控制，也更安全)”可知，诺贝尔1867-1833=34岁发明了炸药。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image.(读着自己的讣告，诺贝尔对自己的公众形象感到失望)”可知，他看到自己的讣告时是很失望的、沮丧的。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. (这一不幸的事件促使他修改遗嘱，以改善他的公众形象，并为一项美好的事业而被人们记住)”可知，他捐赠自己的财产来设立诺贝尔基金会目的是为了给公众留下好的形象，故选D。
C
Dreams have fascinated people for thousands of years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.
David Eagle-man, a neuroscience at Stanford University, has proposed the idea that dreaming is necessary to protect the visual cortex (大脑皮层)—the part of the brain responsible for processing vision. He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.” Eagle-man points to people who lose sight or hearing. They show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses because the region of the brain normally used by the lost sense is taken over by other senses.
When you sleep, you can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent —except during REM sleep. About 90 minutes after drifting off to sleep, you enter REM. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze major muscles, preventing the sleeper from acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process. Scans of dreaming people show most of the brain activity associated with REM is within the visual cortex. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting takeover from other senses, according to Eagle-man.
Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.
28．What is Eagle-man’s primary theory about dreams
A．They strengthen sensory functions. B．They process emotional experiences.
C．They safeguard certain brain territory. D．They heighten visual responsiveness.
29．How does Eagle-man interpret neurons’ activity regarding resource distribution
A．Precise selection. B．Desperate struggle. C．Rapid adaptation. D．Harmonious balance.
30．What do we know about REM sleep
A．It lasts for about 90 minutes. B．It consists of two critical stages.
C．It allows sleepers to act out their dreams. D．It starts with brain stem’s signaling process.
31．Why are dreams compared to a computer screen saver
A．To show their creative aspect. B．To highlight their randomness.
C．To signify their repetitive nature. D．To illustrate their protective function.
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近的一项理论认为，夜间做梦可以保护大脑的视觉区域，使其在睡眠中不被听觉或触觉等其他感官功能接管。文章主要介绍了人为什么要做梦。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.(最近的一项理论认为，夜间做梦可以保护大脑的视觉区域，使其在睡眠中不被听觉或触觉等其他感官功能接管)”可知，人做梦是为了防止大脑的视觉区域被其他感官控制。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.”(他认为神经元为生存而竞争。伊格尔曼解释说，大脑通过“一场生死竞争”来分配它的资源，在这种竞争中，当输入变慢、停止或转移时，感觉区域“获得或失去神经区域”)”可知，Eagle-man认为神经元为资源分配而努力竞争。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process.(同时，这些脑细胞直接向视觉皮层发送信息，从而开始做梦的过程)”可知，快速眼动睡眠从脑干的信号传导过程开始。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.(伊格尔曼说，他的理论可以适应对梦的其他解释，除了保护视觉皮层外，快速眼动睡眠可能还有许多用途。把梦想象成每隔90分钟响起一次的电脑屏幕保护程序——只不过梦不是防止画面凝固，而是防止视觉皮层被其他功能占用)”可知，电脑屏保的作用和梦的作用一样。故选D。
D
Denmark is the largest producer of oil and gas in the European Union, which does not include Norway and the UK, two countries that are larger producers. In 2016, Denmark produced 145,674 barrels of oil per day. That’s why the Danish government’s decision to end all oil and gas exploration in the North Sea is such a big deal.
Denmark will stop extracting (提炼) fossil fuels from the 55 existing oil and gas platforms in the sea at the end of 2050. The future of these offshore oil and gas rigs (钻塔) was uncertain after Denmark agreed to a very ambitious climate target in 2019, to reduce greenhouse emissions by 70 percent in 2030 and to being completely climate neutral 20 years later.
The Danish government estimated that this new policy will amount to $2.147 billion in lost revenue (财政收入). It is the oil and gas industries in the North Sea that made Denmark one of the richest countries as well as one of the happiest. But, for last 10 years, the country has focused on clean energy including offshore wind farms.
Denmark is not the first country to end oil and gas exploration, that title goes to France, but it is the first major fossil fuel producing one and this decision is being applauded by environmental groups.
“This is what climate leadership looks like,” Mel Evans, a climate campaigner for Greenpeace UK, said. “All eyes will be on the UK next year as we host crucial climate talks, so our prime minister should take note.”
While it is unknown if the UK will follow, Denmark’s decision is still a huge victory in the fight against climate change and will go a long way to meeting the 2015 Paris Agreement to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. Hopefully more countries will follow.
32．What has Danmark paid more attention to in the recent decade
A．Gas and oil. B．Happiness. C．Agricultural farms. D．Clean energy.
33．What can we infer from what Mel Evans said
A．He participated in climate talks. B．He thinks highly of Denmark’s decision.
C．The UK is bound to follow Denmark’s example. D．Climate talks will influence the future of Britain.
34．What’s the author’s attitude to Denmark’s decision to end all oil exploration
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.
35．What’s the suitable title for the text
A．Oil and Gas Exploration Benefits Denmark B．Denmark’s New Decision Surprises the World
C．Denmark Produces Oil and Gas in Europe Most D．Denmark Will End New Exploration in North Sea
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了丹麦政府决定在2050年底停止在北海的石油和天然气勘探开采，以配合其2019年制定的雄心勃勃的气候目标。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But, for last 10 years, the country has focused on clean energy including offshore wind farms.(但是，在过去的10年里，该国一直专注于清洁能源，包括海上风力发电场)”可知，近十年来丹麦更关注的是清洁能源。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据第五段中““This is what climate leadership looks like,” Mel Evans, a climate campaigner for Greenpeace UK, said. “All eyes will be on the UK next year as we host crucial climate talks, so our prime minister should take note.”(“这就是领导气候变化的样子，”英国绿色和平组织的气候活动人士梅尔·埃文斯说。“明年所有的目光都将集中在英国，因为我们将举办重要的气候谈判，所以我们的首相应该注意到这一点。”)”可推知，梅尔·埃文斯认为丹麦的决定体现了担当，是领导气候变化该有的样子，对丹麦的决定高度评价。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中作者的评述“While it is unknown if the UK will follow, Denmark’s decision is still a huge victory in the fight against climate change and will go a long way to meeting the 2015 Paris Agreement to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. Hopefully more countries will follow.(虽然尚不清楚英国是否会效仿，但丹麦的决定仍然是应对气候变化的巨大胜利，并将大大有助于实现2015年《巴黎协定》，将全球变暖控制在2摄氏度以下。希望更多的国家效仿)”可知，作者认为丹麦停止所有石油勘探的决定是应对气候变化的巨大胜利，并希望更多的国家效仿，说明作者对其持支持态度。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“That’s why the Danish government’s decision to end all oil and gas exploration in the North Sea is such a big deal.(这就是为什么丹麦政府决定停止在北海的所有石油和天然气勘探是一件大事)”和第二段中“The future of these offshore oil and gas rigs (钻塔) was uncertain after Denmark agreed to a very ambitious climate target in 2019, to reduce greenhouse emissions by 70 percent in 2030 and to being completely climate neutral 20 years later.(丹麦在2019年同意了一项雄心勃勃的气候目标，即到2030年将温室气体排放量减少70%，并在20年后完全实现气候中和，此后这些海上石油和天然气钻井平台的未来就变得不确定了)”可知，文章报道了丹麦政府决定在2050年底停止在北海的石油和天然气勘探开采，以配合其2019年制定的雄心勃勃的气候目标，所以“Denmark Will End New Exploration in North Sea(丹麦将停止北海新勘探)”概括了本文内容，是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting and staying focused can be a challenge even in the best of times. But with everything going on in the world, concentrating can often feel down-right impossible. Below are some tips to help you find your flow.
Distract (使分心) your brain. Schedule into every workday some breaks from all that focusing and allow your mind to travel into what’s called the “default (默认的) mode network” for a bit of freestyle activities. 36 . It’s the place where our minds find innovation and creativity and often make better decisions than the focused mind.
37 . This involves first turning your attention inward. Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable — maybe it’s a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm sandy beach. Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.
Block interruptions before diving into deep work. 38 . To help, turn off text messaging, notifications and social media alerts. Be vital when you want a deep dive into focus. Your important work benefits when you shut off or put away your phone and other screens.
Know your body clock. Whether you are sharp in the morning or a night owl, don’t spend your day — in particular your peak brain hours — doing busywork. 39 .
Try new hobbies. Engaging in hobbies not only is fun but can help us come up with new solutions to problems we’re facing at work or home. 40 .
A．Try to daydream what happened
B．We try to obtain focus but in vain
C．Engage in positive constructive daydreaming
D．Instead, reserve your best brain time for the big stuff
E．This network of the brain circuit is where magic happens
F．Our days are filled with distractions, from others and ourselves
G．Allowing your mind time to play is another way to invite innovation
【答案】36．E 37．C 38．F 39．D 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。
36．上文“Schedule into every workday some breaks from all that focusing and allow your mind to travel into what’s called the “default (默认的) mode network” for a bit of freestyle activities.(在每个工作日安排一些休息时间，让你的大脑进入所谓的‘默认模式网络’”，进行一些自由活动。)”建议在每个工作日安排一些休息时间，让大脑进入“默认模式网络”；E选项“This network of the brain circuit is where magic happens(这个大脑回路网络就是奇迹发生的地方)”承接上文，对大脑的“默认模式网络”进一步阐述，选线中的“This network”指代上文中的“default (默认的) mode network”。故选E。
37．句子结构分析可知，设空处此段为主旨句；下文“This involves first turning your attention inward. Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable — maybe it’s a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm sandy beach. Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.(这包括首先将你的注意力转向内部。试着带着你的思想去一个令人愉快的地方旅行——也许是在想象中的森林里散步，或者在温暖的沙滩上晒日光浴。)”建议想象自己去一个令人愉快的地方旅行，比如想象中的森林里散步，或者在温暖的沙滩上晒太阳；C选项“Engage in positive constructive daydreaming(做一些积极的、有建设性的白日梦)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为主旨句。故选C。
38．本段主旨句“Block interruptions before diving into deep work.(在投入工作之前屏蔽干扰)”指出投入工作之前要屏蔽干扰；下文“To help, turn off text messaging, notifications and social media alerts.(为了有所帮助，关闭短信、通知和社交媒体提醒。)”指出关闭短信、通知和社交媒体提醒等会帮助屏蔽干扰，提高注意力；F选项“Our days are filled with distractions, from others and ourselves(我们的生活充满了干扰，来自他人和自己)”指出我们生活中充满干扰，符合语境。故选F。
39．根据上文“Whether you are sharp in the morning or a night owl, don’t spend your day — in particular your peak brain hours — doing busywork.(无论你是早晨思维敏捷还是夜猫子，都不要把一天的时间——尤其是大脑最活跃的时间——花在消磨时间的工作上。)”指出不要把一天的时间，尤其是大脑最活跃的时间花在消磨时间的工作上；D选项“Instead, reserve your best brain time for the big stuff(相反，把你大脑最好的时间留给重要的事情)”提出应该把大脑最好的时间用于做重要的事情，符合语境，选项中的“the big stuff”与上文中的“busywork”相对应。故选D。
40．上文“Try new hobbies. Engaging in hobbies not only is fun but can help us come up with new solutions to problems we’re facing at work or home.(尝试新的爱好。从事业余爱好不仅有趣，而且可以帮助我们想出解决工作或家庭中遇到的问题的新方法。)”建议尝试新的爱好，并指出这可以帮助我们想出解决问题的新方法；G项“Allowing your mind time to play is another way to invite innovation(让你的大脑有时间玩耍是另一种激发创新的方式)”承接上文，阐述尝试新爱好的益处，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ten when my mother was diagnosed with cancer. Prior to that, she had been a(n) 41 woman, active to an extent most people found astonishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accomplishments. But at thirty-one, her life 42 . And so did mine.
She could do anything, I 43 . She won tennis tournaments. She took photographs and held her own exhibition. She 44 as a newspaper columnist, and she cooked Spanish dishes for the family.
Now, she faced her illness with the same 45 . Words like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part of a(n) 46 new world we entered together. 47 , I began to help take care of her. And it became routine to 48 her into the kitchen, where she instructed me in the 49 of peeling carrots and potatoes and how to prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accomplishment was a 50 for us both: the electric typewriter, the car with power steering and brakes, her return to 51 , where she earned a master’s degree in special education. She eventually founded an activist support group called The Handicappers. One day, without 52 much beforehand, she took me to a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen so many people with so many 53 . I returned home, thinking how 54 we really were.
Because my mother accepted her condition with such optimism, I rarely felt sad or resentful about it. Instead, I viewed her drive to look forward to things I 55 as a great mystery and powerful inspiration in my life.
41．A．gentle B．energetic C．talented D．decent
42．A．changed B．failed C．improved D．paused
43．A．imagined B．admitted C．doubted D．believed
44．A．applied B．spoke C．wrote D．studied
45．A．success B．sincerity C．enthusiasm D．wisdom
46．A．familiar B．strange C．exciting D．changeable
47．A．Gradually B．Particularly C．Alternatively D．Finally
48．A．drag B．pull C．guide D．wheel
49．A．art B．significance C．safety D．plan
50．A．solution B．milestone C．dream D．warning
51．A．hospital B．court C．work D．college
52．A．saying B．hiding C．pretending D．showing
53．A．gifts B．disabilities C．weaknesses D．privileges
54．A．strong B．hopeless C．helpful D．fortunate
55．A．took into account B．bore in mind C．took for granted D．kept in check
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的母亲在生病后依旧保持之前对于生活的热情，完成了一个个的成就，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在母亲的努力追求下，变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她一直是一个精力充沛的女人，活跃到大多数人都觉得不可思议的程度。A. gentle温柔的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. talented有才能的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“active to an extent most people found astonishing”可知，在被诊断癌症之前，母亲是一个十分活跃的人，精力充沛。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在31岁时，她的生活发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. improved提高；D. paused暂停。根据上文“I was ten when my mother was diagnosed with cancer.”可知，在31岁那年，母亲被诊断为癌症，她的生活发生了变化。故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信她能做任何事。A. imagined想象；B. admitted承认；C. doubted怀疑；D. believed相信。根据后文“She won tennis tournaments. She took photographs and held her own exhibition.”可知，作者相信母亲能做任何事。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是报纸的专栏作家，还为家里做西班牙菜。A. applied应用，申请；B. spoke说；C. wrote写；D. studied学习，研究。根据下文“as a newspaper columnist”可知，母亲以前是作家，会写作。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她以同样的热情面对自己的疾病。A. success成功；B. sincerity真诚；C. enthusiasm热情；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“Now, she faced her illness with the same”，前文作者描述母亲对于生活的热情和下文“Because my mother accepted her condition with such optimism”母亲以如此乐观的态度接受了她的病情可知，此处表示用同样的热情面对自己的疾病。故选C项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“残疾的”和“物理治疗”这样的词成为我们共同进入的一个陌生新世界的一部分。A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange陌生的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. changeable可改变的。根据下文“new world”可知，生病对于作者和母亲来说是全新的陌生世界的一部分。故选B项。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始帮助照顾她。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Particularly尤其；C. Alternatively要不，或者；D. Finally最终。根据下文“I began to help take care of her.”可知，作者逐渐开始帮助照顾母亲。故选A项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. drag拖，拽；B. pull拉；C. guide指导；D. wheel推动。根据上文“Words like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part of”可知，由于母亲残疾，作者不得不用轮椅推动她。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. art艺术；B. significance意义；C. safety安全；D. plan计划。根据“she instructed me in the___9___of peeling carrots and potatoes”可知，此处指母亲教作者削胡萝卜和土豆皮，即，削胡萝卜和土豆皮的艺术。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. solution解决方案；B. milestone里程碑；C. dream梦想；D. warning警告。根据下文“the electric typewriter, the car with power steering and brakes”和“she earned a master’s degree in special education”可知，每一项成就都是里程碑。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. hospital医院；B. court庭院；C. work工作；D. college大学。根据下文“where she earned a master’s degree in special education”可知，母亲还重返了大学学习。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她事先没多说什么，就带我去参加残障人士会议。A. saying说；B. hiding躲藏；C. pretending假装；D. showing展示。根据“without___12___much beforehand, she took me to a Handicappers meeting.”可知，母亲没有说太多就带作者去参加残障人士会议。故选A项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有见过这么多残疾人。A. gifts礼物；B. disabilities残疾；C. weaknesses弱点；D. privileges特权。根据上文“Handicappers meeting”可知，在残障人士会议上，有很多残疾人。故选B项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，想着我们是多么幸运。A. strong强壮的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. helpful乐于助人的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据整段的描述，这是母亲生病后的成就，且加入了对应的一些会议组织，这对于她们来说是幸运的。故选D项。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我把她期待我认为理所当然的事情的动力看作是我生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。A. took into account仔细考虑；B. bore in mind记住；C. took for granted认为是理所当然；D. kept in check保持控制。根据“her drive to look forward to things I___15___”可知，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在患病母亲的努力追求下有了新的意义，它们变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
There was a time, not long 56 , when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible. The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water —turning one of the 57 (country) most biodiversity regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that 58 (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 59 the Rothschild’s giraffe.
The Rothschild’s giraffe went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching. Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 60 (active). Within a year, they had established a 44,000-acre community reserve 61 both the Pokot and IIchamus work. “It wasn’t easy, ” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.” But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 62 (one) group of Rothschild’s giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they’d multiply and repopulate the area. The giraffes 63 (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo. The species’ return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 64 much-needed boost. The relocated animals, and their babies 65 (bear) on the peninsula, became” a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth,” Sebei says.
【答案】
56．ago 57．country’s 58．to build 59．with 60．actively 61．where 62．first 63．were placed 64．a 65．born
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了肯尼亚的两个部落共同保护长颈鹿促进了这两个地区的和平。
56．考查副词。句意：曾经有一段时间，就在不久之前，波高和伊尔查姆斯之间的和平似乎是不可能的。根据There was a time可知，表示过去发生的事件，not long ago“不久之前”，表示过去的时间状语。故填ago。
57．考查名词所有格。句意：肯尼亚的这两个部落为了争夺牲畜、土地和水资源而进行了多年的战争，把这个国家生物多样性最丰富的地区之一变成了战场。后接名词作定语 ，需要使用所有格。故填country’s。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一致同意，为了建立团结和信任，这对昔日的敌人将共同努力，把因冲突而被驱逐的野生动物带回来，从罗斯柴尔德的长颈鹿开始。根据语境，此处表目的，用动词不定式形式。故填to build
59．考查介词。句意：他们一致同意，为了建立团结和信任，这对昔日的敌人将共同努力，把因冲突而被驱逐的野生动物带回来，从罗斯柴尔德的长颈鹿开始。start with 意为“以……开始”，固定短语。故填with。
60．考查副词。句意：渴望看到这些长颈鹿回到它们的家园，社区成员开始积极工作。修饰动词“got to work”，用副词作状语。故填actively。
61．考查定语从句。句意：一年之内，他们建立了一个4.4万英亩的社区保护区，Pokot和IIchamus都在这里工作。此处定语从句修饰“reserve”，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
62．考查数词。句意：在 2011 年的时候收到了第一批长颈鹿。修饰名词group用序数词。故填first。
63．考查动词的时态语态。句意：这些长颈鹿被放在了在巴林哥湖的一个半岛上。分析句子可知，place作谓语，与主语giraffes是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是复数，由前文的In 2011可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填were placed。
64．考查冠词。句意：该物种回归巴林哥湖吸引了游客，给当地经济带来了很大的提高。boost此处为可数名词，前有形容词much-needed修饰，与不定冠词a连用。故填a。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被重新安置的动物和它们在半岛上出生的孩子成为了“和平、团结的象征，也是社区财富的来源”。分析句子可知，bear作定语，修饰babies，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填born。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校最近举办了一次运动会。请你为校报写一篇英文报道。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.过程；
3.意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The School Sports Meeting
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文：
The School Sports Meeting
In order to build up students’ bodies and keep them healthy, a sports meeting was held on the playground in our school last week, which was one of the biggest annual activities.
At the opening ceremony, each class gave a wonderful performance. Students participated in the races of track and field events during the three days. All the games were exciting. The relay race and the basketball matches were so intense that students cheered and applauded excitedly for their teams.
The sports meeting was a success and it not only helped cultivate the sense of students’ teamwork and competition, but also promoted their friendship.
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求写篇报道介绍校运动会的具体情况及意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
增强：build up→strengthen
保持健康：keep healthy →keep fit
精彩的：wonderful→brilliant
提升：promote→enhance
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：The sports meeting was a success and it not only helped cultivate the sense of students’ teamwork and competition, but also promoted their friendship.
拓展句：The sports meeting was a success, which not only helped cultivate the sense of students’ teamwork and competition, but also promoted their friendship.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In order to build up students’ bodies and keep them healthy, a sports meeting was held on the playground in our school last week, which was one of the biggest annual activities.（运用了不定式作目的状语，which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】The relay race and the basketball matches were so intense that students cheered and applauded excitedly for their teams.（运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Christmas was a very difficult time for me. My family and all of my close friends were back home in Florida, and I was all alone in a rather cold California.
I was working a double shift at the Southwest Airlines ticket counter, it was about 9:00 P.M. on Christmas Eve, and I was feeling really miserable inside.
When it was time for me to call the next person to the counter, I looked out to see the sweetest-looking old man standing with a cane. He walked very slowly over to the counter and in the faintest voice told me that he had to go to New Orleans. When I tried to explain to him that there were no more flights that night and that he would have to go in the morning, he looked very worried.
After much time, I was able to at least find out that this old man was dropped off at the curb (路缘) on Christmas Eve by his sister-in-law and told to go to New Orleans, where he had family. When I asked if he could come back tomorrow, he said that he would wait at the airport until tomorrow.
Naturally, I felt a little ashamed. Here I was feeling very sorry for myself about being alone on Christmas, when this old man named Clarence MacDonald was sent to me to remind me of what being alone really meant. It broke my heart.
Immediately, I told him we would get it all straightened out, and our Customer Service agent helped to book him a seat for the earliest flight the next morning. We gave him the senior citizens’ fare,which gave him some extra money for traveling. About this time, he started to look very tired, and when I stepped around the counter to ask him if he was all right, I saw that his leg was wrapped in a bandage (绷带). He had been standing on it that whole time, holding a plastic bag full of clothes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I noticed blood on his bandage and immediately called for a wheelchair.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I went to ask my manager if we could find a place for him to stay.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
I noticed blood on his bandage and immediately called for a wheelchair. No sooner had the wheelchair arrived than we all stepped around to help him in. Sitting in the wheelchair, he looked more relaxed, his eyes sparkling with delight. It turned out that he had just had leg surgery before he was dropped off at the curb to buy a ticket with no reservation to fly to another city on Christmas Eve, all alone. Overwhelmed with a sense of sympathy, I called in the medical staff to attend to his wound, making sure that he was physically prepared to board a plane the next day. It really broke my heart to think of a vulnerable old man spending a whole night at the airport. I decided to do something about it.
I went to ask my manager if we could find a place for him to stay. Not only did she agree to offer a hotel voucher for Mr.MacDonald for one night, but she also managed to obtain a meal ticket for breakfast. Then we got his plastic bag of clothes and cane together and took him downstairs, where the airport shuttle would take him to the hotel nearby. Having made sure everything was figured out, I gently patted him on the arm, telling him everything would be just fine. As he left, he flashed me the warmest smile and said, “Thank you and Merry Christmas.” My eyes misty, I waved goodbye to him, unable to disguise my glee at the thought of the old man being taken good care of. It was at that moment that I realized my misery had yielded to a blissful heart. The Christmas turned out to be nice and warm after all.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在圣诞夜上夜班，感觉非常孤独痛苦，工作中遇到一位老人，他没有赶上当天的航班，不得不在机场停留一夜，赶第二天的飞机，作者注意到老人腿部绷带上的血迹，了解情况后，热心帮老人安排好住宿，帮助了老人之后，作者内心充满喜悦，感觉圣诞节是美好而温暖的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我注意到他的绷带上有血迹，立即叫了轮椅。”可知，第一段可描写老人的身体情况及作者打算要帮助老人。
②由第二段首句内容“我去问经理是否可以为他找个住处。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助老人安排好住宿，帮助老人后，作者心情愉悦。
2.续写线索：圣诞夜上班痛苦——发现老人——了解情况——安排住宿——心情愉快——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/provide
②决定做：decide to do/make a decision to do
③照顾：take care of/look after
情绪类
①喜悦：delight/joy
②痛苦：misery/pain
【点睛】【高分句式1】Sitting in the wheelchair, he looked more relaxed, his eyes sparkling with delight.(运用了现在分词作状语和独立主格结构)
【高分句式2】It was at that moment that I realized my misery had yielded to a blissful heart.(运用了It was...that...强调句式和省略that的宾语从句)

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