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Unit 3 Welcome to Sunshine Town!讲义（知识点精讲+习题巩固）
一、语法回顾
1. 名词所有格
我们常用名词所有格来表示人或物的所有关系，它分三种形式：
(1)’s所有格。主要用于有生命的东西，但有时也可用于无生命的东西;
(2)of所有格；
(3)既有’s又有of的双重所有格。
1. ’s所有格的构成方法：
(1)一般情况单数名词的所有格形式是在其后加’s。
the woman’s daughter today’s newspaper
(2)以s或者es结尾的复数名词的所有格形式是在其后加上’。
the twins’ parents the students’ hometown
注意：带词尾s的单数名词，通常仍加’s。如：the boss’s plan
(3)带词尾s的人名在其后加上’s。
Dickens’ novels Charles’s job
(4)不以s或es结尾的不规则变化的名词复数，其所有格形式是在后面加’s。
Children’s Day the People’s Republic of China
注意：
①用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，这时只在最后一个名词后加’s。
This is Lily and her sister’s bedroom.
②表示分别拥有各自的物品时，两个名词在词尾都加’s。
These are Lily’s and Lucy’s school bags.
2. of 所有格用法：凡不能加’s的名词，都可以与of构成短语来表示所有关系。
There is a tall maple tree at the end of the road.
3. 双重所有格：指名词所有格或名词性物主代词与of构成的所有格，即“of+名词所有格”。a friend of my wife’s a friend of Jim’s
2. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
我们常用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词来表示人或物的所有关系。
This is my book.
These are our books.
This book is mine.
Those books are ours.
注意：形容词性物主代词后一般带有名词。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词归纳如下:
二、知识点精讲
Welcome to the unit
1. Welcome to Sunshine Town. 欢迎来到阳光镇。
1)“Welcome to +地点”表示“欢迎来到……！”
欢迎到我们的学校来！
2) welcome后面如果接副词，则应省略介词to。
欢迎回家／回来。
2. An old friend of mine is coming to see me. 我的一个老朋友要来看我。
is coming是现在进行时，表示将要发生的动作。在英语中一些位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave等可用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
一Lingling! Supper is ready．—玲玲，晚饭准备好了。
一I’m coming，Mum. –我就来，妈妈。
an old friend of mine 我的一位老朋友
of后用的是名词性物主代词 这是双重所有格结构。 双重所有格是指既含有没那个词的所有格或名词性物主代词，又含有of短语的一种表达所有关系的结构。
在英语中冠词与物主代词不能同时放在同一个修饰词前，要表示“我的一个….”或“他的两个…”则须用“冠词/数词+名词+of+名词性物主代词”结构。
Tim的一个钢笔 她的一本书
3. There’s nothing in the fridge. 冰箱里什么也没有。
nothing=not anything 没有什么
nothing, something, anything这些词是不定代词，形容词修饰时要放后面。
重要的事
nothing做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。nothing本身含有否定意思，谓语动词不能再用否定式。
nothing 指物，意为“没有什么东西，没有什么事情” There is nothing in my bag.
none 指人和物，意为“没有一个人或物”，侧重于数量上的没有 None of us knew how to treat her.
4. Wait a minute. =Wait a moment. =Just a minute. 等一会。
wait for 等候...
wait to do sth. 等着做某事
wait for sb. to do sth. 等某人做某事
5. Is it enough for a tin of dog food 那够买一罐狗粮吗？
enough + n. enough修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。
adj./adv. + enough enough修饰形容词时放在其后。
We don’t have enough time to do the homework well enough.
be ...enough for... 对...足够...
The room is big enough for three hundred people.
be + adj.+ enough to do sth. 足够...可以做某事
Lin Tao was brave enough to save Mrs. Sun from the fire.
a tin of……意为 “一罐……” 量词短语（数词+量词+of）
6. Maybe we can order a pizza. 也许我们能订一点比萨饼。
maybe 是副词， “也许，大概”, 一般在句首，相当于perhaps，在句中作状语。
may be，“可能是”，情态动词may+be动词，在句中作谓语。
Maybe he is right. = He _______ __________ right.
He may be in the library now.= he is in the library now.
order n. 命令,顺序,订单 v.命令
order sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
keep...in order 使...井然有序
7. Shall we take them to the cinema 我们带他们去电影院怎么样？
take sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
take sb. to sp. 把某人带去某地
Can you take my little sister here
【表示建议的句型】
Would you like to do sth. Shall we do sth.
Why not do sth. Why don’t / doesn’t sb. do sth.
Let’s do sth. How about / What about sth./doing sth.
You’d better (not) do sth.
8. Shopping is fun. 购物是有趣的。
9. Shall we invite them to have dinner with us 我们邀请他们和我们一起吃饭,好吗
invite sb to +地点 邀请某人到...
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
I often invite my friends to go to the zoo.
10. They can try some Chinese food. 他们可以尝试一些中式食物。
try to do sth. 尽力做某事；努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事；试着做某事
try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
have a try 尝试一下
Reading
1. There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town. 在阳光镇里有许多事情可做。
There is/are + n.+ to do.“有...可做”，动词不定式作后置定语修饰前面名词。
2. There is also a beautiful park in the town centre. 镇中心还有一个漂亮的花园。
in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心
In the city centre=in the centre of the city 在市中心
3. Sunshine Town is not far from the centre of Beijing. 阳光镇离北京市中心不远。
be far from“距离...远”=be far away from
表示确切距离：be+基数词+路程单位+away from
4. It takes only 40 minutes by underground. 乘地铁只需40分钟。
take作动词，意为“花费”。
It takes(took/will take) sb. some time to do sth.常和sb. spend some time doing sth. 转换。
我骑自行车上学大约要花费15分钟的时间。
It me about 15 minutes go to school
= I about 15 minutes to school
5. Most things are not expensive. 大部分东西不贵。
expensive与cheap表示东西、货物的贵贱。high与low表示价格的高低。
This watch is expensive.
The price of this watch is very high.
6. Beijing duck is very famous. 北京烤鸭非常有名。
be famous for 因...而出名
be famous as 作为...而出名
be famous among 在...中出名
The West Lake is famous its beautiful scenery.
He is famous young people.
Edison is famous a great inventor.
7. If you do not like Chinese food, there are some Western restaurants too. 如果你们不喜欢中餐, 这里也有一些西餐厅。
if引导条件状语从句：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
8. Why not visit our local theatre and enjoy Beijing opera 为什么不参观我们当地的剧院并欣赏京剧呢？
Why not do sth. =Why don’t you do sth. 为什么不做某事
enjoy作动词，意为“喜爱，喜欢”。
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 玩得愉快
9. We are looking forward to meeting you soon. 我们期待着很快见到你。
look forward to sth. 期待某物
look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事
soon做副词，意为“不久；很快”。how soon意为“多久之后”，对“in+一段时间”提间。
Integrated skills
1. Don’t miss them. 不要错过他们。
miss sth/doing sth 错过（做）某事
miss sb. 想念某人
Miss Smith 史密斯小姐（未婚）
2. Let’s meet in front of your hotel at 8:30 tomorrow morning. 我们明天早上8:30在你的旅店前面见面。
【in front of & in the front of辨析】
in front of 表示在物体外部的前面，而不是在空间内的前部。
She is standing in front of the blackboard.
in the front of 表示在一样内部空间的前部，比如司机在汽车前排开车，老师在教室内前面讲课。
She is standing in the front of the classroom.
【时间介词辨析】
at 多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前; 也可用于固定搭配中 at seven at night at noon
in 表示一段时间，用于年，月，世纪，四季或泛指的一天的上午，下午或晚上等; 可用于表示“从现在起，多长时间以后或多久之后”的短语 in the twenty-first century in autumn in the morning They will finish the work in an hour.
on 主要用在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早，中，晚或节日前 on the Mid-autumn Day on a warm spring afternoon on June 1st
3. How far is it from the hotel 它离旅馆有多远？
how far “多远”，对距离进行提问
how soon “多久以后”用 “in+一段时间”回答
how long “多久，多长”，对一段时间或物体长度进行提问
How long does it take you to get from home to school
How long is this ruler
--How soon will they come back --They’ll come back in two weeks.
4. It’s about 40 minutes by bus. 坐公交车大约花费四十分钟。
It is +时间+（from A to B ）by +交通工具/on foot 表示“（从A地到B地）距离”。
也可表示成： It is +所需时间名词的所有格+walk/ride/drive (+from A to B)
从苏州到南京开车大约两个小时。（两种方式）
Task
1. I’m going to show you around my hometown.我要带你参观我的家乡。
show sb. around +地点 带领某人参观某地
show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物
show n. 演出，展览，节目
2. I can smell flowers and hear the birds sing.我能闻到花香，听见鸟唱歌。
hear/see/watch/find/notice sb. doing sth. 听见/看见/看到/发现/注意到 某人做某事的状态
hear/see/watch/find/notice sb. do sth. ① 听见/看见/看到/发现/注意到 某人做某事的全过程 ② 或指经常看到某事发生
3. There are about one hundred families in our town. 我们镇上大约有一百户人家。
4. Some families raise cows, and others grow wheat. 一些家庭养牛，另一些家庭种植小麦。
some…，and others…意为“一些…，其他的/另一些…”
other 意为“别的，其他的”+复数名词 others= other +n.
There are other people in the room.
the other 作代词，指两者中的“另一个”，常用于“one…，the other…”句型中。
There are many trees on the other side of the river.
another 泛指三者或三者以上的同类事物中的“另一个”，强调“再，又”，常接单数名词。
This coat is too large for me. Please show me another one.
“another+数词+名词复数”，意为在原来的基础上再加一些,相当于“数词+more+名词复数”。
Five apples are not enough. Please give me another five (apples).（=five more apples）
the others 在具体的语境中特指 “其他的...”
These three books are Lily’s. The others are yours.(指三本以外剩下的书)=the other books.
5. Usually my mother drives us there to do the shopping. 通常我妈妈开车送我们去购物。
6. I hope you can come and visit soon! 我希望你快来！
hope作及物动词，意为“希望”，用于表示可能实现的愿望，其后接动词不定式做宾语，即hope to do sth , 表示希望做某事。
若要表达“希望某人...”， 则需要用“hope that +从句”
三、习题巩固
1. --Is this your postcard
--No.it isn’t . I think it is for because name is on it.
A. my; Millie; her B. mine; Millie; her C. me; Millie’s; hers D. mine; Millie’s; hers
2. The boy visiting museums this.
A. like; like B. likes; likes C. like; likes D. likes; like
3. My friend John knows about football. He doesn’t like it at all.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
4. --Who are the men at the school gate --They are __________ fathers. They are coming for a parents’ meeting.
A. Diana and Eric B. Diana’s and Eric’s C. Diana’s and Eric D. Diana and Eric’s
5. Thanks for me. I really need your . You are very .
A. helping; help; helpful B. help; help; helpful C. helping: help; help D. helping; helping; help
6. he isn’t in his office. He go to the library.
A. May; maybe B. May; may be C. Maybe; may D. Maybe; may be
7. I hope everyone ________ a good time at the party.
A. to have B. can have C. have D. having
8. —Where do you live, Mary — I live in Nanjing Street. My house is a big supermarket.
A. next to B. next C. fat D. far away
9. —May I take food for my supper —Sure. You can take food you like here.
A. any; some B. some; any C. any; no D. some; no
10. —What are you doing now, my dear
—Dad, I’m doing my homework. You know I always have lots of homework ________.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. does
11. If you (not be) free this evening, I’ll watch TV at home.
12. Is Mr. Green the first engineer (visit) your hometown
13. It often takes half an hour __________(dance) in the afternoon.
14. Peter looks forward to __________(get) on well with his new friends.
15. ________ (not miss) the football match. It will be wonderful.
16. I spend much time (do) my homework every day.

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