资源简介

生态环保之阅读理解
纵览 2023 年新高考 I 卷 A 篇的自行车租赁， 引导学生培养绿色生活理念和环保意识， B 篇的生态设计， 引 导学生发现问题、解决问题，养成科学探究的精神，由此可知生态环保是高考英语的重点考查内容。体现 了“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学 ”的核心功能。预测 2024 年高考阅读理解部分仍然会涉及到生态环保
的话题。
说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体， 它以说明为主要表达方式， 通过解说事物或阐明事理， 达到教人以知识的目的， 在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序(如时间、空间、从现象到本质)
进行说明。
阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的 含意、特点等。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题;高科技领 域的科研成果;人们比较关心的社会问题，人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到 难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。阅读理解试题的中要考点之
一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。
说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替 出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了 4-5%。不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇， 例如，下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都有表示解释和说
明)等。
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典例分析
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（2023·新高考 I 卷 B ）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking
questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria ( 细 菌 ) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge ( 污 泥 ). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the
sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in
Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
1 ．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A ．He was fond of traveling. B ．He enjoyed being alone.
C ．He had an inquiring mind. D ．He longed to be a doctor.
2 ．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A ．To feed the animals. B ．To build an ecosystem.
C ．To protect the plants. D ．To test the eco-machine.
3 ．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A ．To review John’s research plans. B ．To show an application of John’s idea.
C ．To compare John’s different jobs. D ．To erase doubts about John’s invention.
4 ．What is the basis for John’s work
A ．Nature can repair itself. B ．Organisms need water to survive.
C ．Life on Earth is diverse. D ．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
（建议用时：8 分钟/篇）
1.（2023·辽宁 · 统考三模）With an abundance of sun and wind, Spain is positioning itself as Europe’s future leader in green hydrogen production to clean up heavy industries. But some energy experts express caution because
this process relies on massive availability of zero-carbon electricity.
Green hydrogen is created when renewable energy sources power an electrical current that runs through water,
separating its hydrogen and oxygen molecules (分子). The process doesn’t produce planet-warming carbon dioxide,
but less than 0.1% of global hydrogen production is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrogen can be used in the production of steel, ammonia ( 氨) and chemical products, all of which require industrial processes that are harder to stop fossil fuels. Hydrogen also can be used as a transportation
fuel, which could one day transform the highly polluting shipping and aviation sectors.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours of sunshine on average
per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.
“If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry
platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”
Lepercq is working with companies like Spanish gas pipeline corporation Enagas and global steel giant ArcelorMittal to design an end-to-end model for hydrogen production, distribution and supply at a competitive price. Criticism has centered on green hydrogen’s higher cost compared with highly-polluting “gray hydrogen”
drawn from natural gas. Lepercq argues that solar energy produced in Spain is priced low enough to compete.
Globally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% of energy consumption. What about the 80% that is not
electrified ... You need to replace those fossil fuels. Not in 50 years’ time. You need to replace them now.”
1 ．Why are some experts cautious about green hydrogen production in Spain
A ．It needs large amounts of sun and wind. B ．It has an effect on heavy industries.
C ．It causes conflicts among countries. D ．It uses lots of zero-carbon electricity.
2 ．What is the advantage of green hydrogen production in Spain
A ．Ideal geographical conditions. B ．The support from government.
C ．Hydrogen production technology. D ．Well-developed public transports.
3 ．What can be inferred about green hydrogen in Spain according to Lepercq
A ．It is highly priced. B ．It is easy to store.
C ．It is competitive. D ．It is highly-polluting.
4 ．What is the passage mainly about
A ．Spain manages to use zero-carbon electricity. B ．Spain struggles to lead EU in heavy industry.
C ．Spain takes the lead in preventing air pollution. D ．Spain replaces fossil fuel with green hydrogen.
2.（2023·江苏 · 统考二模）On a hot summer afternoon along the Mandavi River, Shweta Hule wraps her sari
around her ankles and bends to pick wild “weeds” from the river and drop them into a bowl. The plants will be made into fritters ( 炸果饼), to be served at the little restaurant attached to the B&B Hule manages in the
Indian coastal town of Vengurla.
Wild edible ( 可 食 用 的 ) plants are common in kitchens here. Hule’s weed is juicy, which is found in mangrove forests. Harvesting some of the plant is helping conserve the mangroves, a globally endangered ecosystem of salt-tolerant trees that stop coastal erosion (侵蚀) and absorb storm damage.
Hule is head of Swamini, a self-help group set up by nine women from a fishing community in Vengurla who
started Mandavi Eco Tourism in 2017. Vengurla is known for its beautiful beaches and seafood, but the climate crisis has made fishing for a living unsustainable, so people are trying to find other sources of income. They came up with the idea of running mangrove safaris (观光游) for tourists in Vengurla’s Mandavi River.
The safaris offer visitors a unique hour-long tour of the mangroves. Food has also become a key attraction: local spicy coconut curries, with homegrown or wild vegetables. Tourists are encouraged to go crabbing, and their
catch is cooked and served.
Hule only discovered recently that the weed was edible when she met tourists from another coastal city. She researched these leaves and learned that the salty plant is rich in vitamins. She made her own version of the fritters, with chickpea flour, and presented it at the wild vegetable festival. “It was an instant hit. This boosted the
confidence to include these fritters in our restaurant menu,” says Hule.
Swamini’s lodging house also serves vegetarian meals and plates of fish and crab sourced from the river. “The satisfaction after the visitors enjoy our meal is the real currency. We had guests from London who were so happy with our food that they took down the recipe. Such people help our business grow. What more can we want ” says
Hule.
5 ．Which of the following can best describe the example of Shweta Hule
A ．Do as the Romans do.
B ．Strike while the iron is hot.
C ．Kill two birds with one stone.
D ．Bite off more than you can chew.
6 ．What does Swamini offer to visitors
A ．Eco-tours and accommodation.
B ．Fishing guide service.
C ．Vegetable growing techniques.
D ．Hands-on cooking classes.
7 ．Why were Hule’s fritters well-received
A ．They were less expensive.
B ．They were traditional.
C ．They had their own features.
D ．They got strongly promoted.
8 ．How did Hule feel about tourists’ obtaining her food recipe
A ．Lost. B ．Proud. C ．Worried. D ．Curious.
3. （2023· 广 东 梅 州 · 统 考 三 模 ） Farming is destroying the planet. But there could be a much more
environmentally friendly way to feed ourselves: using renewable energy to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into food.
“This is becoming a reality,” says Pasi Vainikka at Solar Foods. The company is building the first
commercial-scale factory, near Helsinki in Finland, which will be able to make food directly from CO2.
At the factory, renewable electricity will be used to break down water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The
hydrogen will be added to large containers, where the bacteria grow, along with CO2 and ammonia(NH3) to provide carbon and nitrogen separately. Some of the CO2 will be taken directly from the air at a visitors’ centre at the factory, Vainikka says, and the rest will come from industrial sources. The end result will be a yellow powder called Solein that is made of bacterial cells and is up to 70 per cent protein. It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods, from meat alternatives to grains and snacks. “We are aiming at replacing animal-sourced proteins,
which we think have the highest environmental impact,” says Vainikka.
Solein was approved as a food ingredient in Singapore in October 2022, and Solar Foods is awaiting approval
in the UK, the European Union and the US.
Compared with plant crops, Solein will use 100 times less water per kilogram of protein produced, 20 times less land—including the land used for energy production—and produce a fifth as much CO2, according to Solar pared with beef, a kilogram of protein can be produced using 600 times less water and 200 times less
land, again counting the land used for energy production, while producing 200 times less CO2, says the company.
There are other benefits, too: factories could be situated anywhere in the world and production won’t be affected by weather extremes. “With Solar Foods and other companies scaling up(扩大) their systems, this is truly
stepping in a new age of agriculture,” says Dorian Leger at Connectomix Bio in Germany.
9 ．What can we learn about Solein from paragraph 3
A ．It was used as feed for animals at first. B ．Up to 70 per cent of it can be recycled.
C ．It is made from hydrogen and oxygen. D ．It can be applied to food production.
10 ．What advantage does Solein have in producing a kilo of protein
A ．It uses 600 times less land than beef. B ．It produces 200 times less CO2 than beef.
C ．It uses 200 times less water than plant crops. D ．It produces 100 times less CO2 than plant crops.
11 ．What is Dorian Leger’s attitude towards the future of Solein
A ．Positive. B ．Doubtful. C ．Ambiguous. D ．Tolerant.
12 ．Which can be the best title for the text
A ．CO2 can be recycled to stimulate local economy
B ．New food strategy reduces big questions on health
C ．A factory will start making green food from air and electricity
D ．Campaigners recommend ways to reduce climate impact of farming
4.（2023·河北 · 统考二模）One aspect of the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many homes and businesses burn natural gas for heating and cooking. Natural gas gives out greenhouse gases as well as other pollutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versions and tap into clean
electricity.
Panama Bartholomy is the director of the Building Decarbonization Coalition. His group, based in Petaluma, Calif., focuses on limiting gas emissions indoors. “We assume the electric grid ( 输 电 网) is getting cleaner over
time, which it is. So, we want more and more of our heating to come from electricity.”
It’s much easier to make these types of transitions when governments recommend them, says Beth Miller. She
is an ecologist and consultant with Good Company. Based in Eugene, Ore., it helps companies and communities reduce their carbon footprint. Some states are already taking steps to make these changes. On September 22, for
instance, California decided it would ban the sale of gas-fired space heaters and water heaters by 2030.
After homes and businesses make the switch to electric alternatives, they will be more comfortable, says Bartholomy. They will be safer and cleaner, too, he adds. Instead of a gas furnace(燃气炉), an electric heat pump could both heat and cool a home. Gas heaters and stoves won’t be pumping pollution into a home’s air. And cooks
will have even more control on a modern electric cooker than on a gas stove says Bartholomy.
Getting natural gas out of your home is probably the largest positive impact you can have for the planet, Bartholomy says. “We all need to fight for a livable climate. There is no way to meet our climate goals while still burning gas in buildings. For a livable future, we must take measures to stop burning natural gas, though we know
we have a long way to go.” And the bonus: It now looks like doing that should also save people a lot of money.
13 ．What is the clean energy change
A ．Using natural gas for heating. B ．Using natural gas to boil water.
C ．Using electric cookers at home. D ．Using electric lights inside buildings.
14 ．What does the underlined word “transitions” in Paragraph 3 mean
A ．Promises. B ．Plans. C ．Changes. D ．Decisions.
15 ．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A ．Homes will be safer. B ．Gas stoves will be replaced soon.
C ．Homes’ air will have more pollutants. D ．Cooks prefer to use traditional cookers.
16 ．What is the best title of the text
A ．Clean-energy Change B ．Electricity Use
C ．Make Use of Natural Gas D ．Save Your Money at Home
5.（2023·山东潍坊 · 统考二模）Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable
model.
“Truly the whole process starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating one dish leads into the creation of many more through the end-to-end use of products. As chefs, they are always searching for the best ingredients. It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to
waste.
When they do have waste, even if minimal, they shift it from landfills to transform it into compost ( 堆肥) that’s then used across the Walt Disney World property. They also support Second Harvest, a local community food bank where healthy produce, prepared, but not served, meals eatable for human consumption are donated.
Disney also works with pig farmers when they can’t distribute foods past the point of safety for human
consumption. Besides, wildlife reservations love to get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their operations are “on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow” where chefs learn the full-life
cycle of plants from seed to plate and gain a better understanding and appreciation for the product and their craft.
Golden Oak at Disney has millions of bees that produce up to 300 pounds of honey per year, plus those bees help with cross pollination (授粉) of their gardens on a daily basis. They advocate a culture that helps develop not
only the quality of food, but an appreciation for nature.
17 ．Where did Michael Gonsalves’ idea about cuisine come from
A ．His mom’s suggestions. B ．His dream of becoming a chef.
C ．His interest in delicious food. D ．His labor experience as a child.
18 ．How are the ingredients dealt with in Golden Oak
A ．They are grilled to eat. B ．They are used to the fullest.
C ．They are divided into groups. D ．They are selected by quality.
19 ．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A ．Give examples about zero waste.
B ．Introduce the unique habit of wildlife.
C ．Stress the importance of natural food.
D ．Explain the operation mode of the food bank.
20 ．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A ．Disney World:New Cuisine Road
B ．Michael Gonsalves:Creative Chef
C ．Michael Gonsalves:Advocate of Food Diversity
D ．Disney World:Pioneer in Environmental Protection
6.（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模） The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local
communities.
Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction, and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable
boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world’s largest no-dig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act
now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to
get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve got true community buy-in.”
Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after
that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.
21 ．Why was Farm My School founded
A ．To raise the income of the local people.
B ．To advocate a commercial farming plan.
C ．To provide free food for local communities.
D ．To turn underused campus land into market gardens.
22 ．How do schools involve students into the program
A ．By developing program-based courses.
B ．By organizing voluntary work in communities.
C ．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens.
D ．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes.
23 ．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3
A ．Competition. B ．Investment. C ．Support. D ．Protection.
24 ．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben
A ．It brings in money to support the school.B ．The school farm will be able to last long.
C ．The local people will take care of the farm. D ．Students connect more with the outside world.
7.（2023·河北石家庄 · 正定一中校考模拟预测）Compost (堆肥) is one of the most wonderful things in the world. You take organic matter that would otherwise end up in landfills and create a nutrient-rich material that will help make gardens grow, flowers bloom and make it easier to feed the world. Thanks to Tipa, an Israeli start-up,
you will soon be able to add plastics to your compost mix.
Plastic is one of the most challenging problems on the planet. As No Camels reports, it often takes 500 years for plastic to break down, and even then, microplastics remain in water or on land. Furthermore, according to Inc. Com, even though plastic can theoretically be recycled, less than 5 percent of flexible plastic packaging that is put
into recycling by consumers is actually recycled.
But that doesn’t need to be the case anymore.
Now, Tipa and other companies have begun to create plastics that are able to biodegrade like any organic matter does. When asked how she got the idea of creating compostable flexible plastics, Dafna Nissenbaum, the CEO and co-founder of Tipa, said, “Nature also packs its products, like bananas, apples and oranges, but with a compostable material. Our plastics will break down exactly like any other organic material and turn into solid fertilizer (肥料).”
Unlike other compostable plastics on the market, Tipa’s plastics can be fully composted in home composts. This means that the average person with a garden compost could use their packaging and just throw it in the
compost instead of the recycling bin when they are done with it.
Another thing that Tipa has been doing is to create partnerships with existing producers instead of creating their own factories. The company’s materials are purposefully designed to be compatible (兼容的) with machinery that already exists and produces non-compostable plastics. Tipa says that fits in with its goal of creating a
sustainable future.
Tipa has partnered with some high-end designers. Both Stella McCartney and Mara Hoffman use Tipa’s products to package their products. Many brands are now aware that using sustainable packaging will endear them
to customers, and Tipa helps them do that.
25 ．What does paragraph 2 focus on
A ．The difficulty of dealing with plastic. B ．The harm caused by water pollution.
C ．The problem of the packaging industry. D ．The barrier to recycling plastic products.
26 ．What does Dafna Nissenbaum try to tell
A ．Her confidence in the fertilizer market. B ．Her strong desire to get close to nature.
C ．Her inspiration for Tipa’s new plastics. D ．Her high praise for the beauty of nature.
27 ．What does Tipa do to pursue sustainability
A ．It cooperates with existing producers.
B ．It designs materials to fit new machinery.
C ．It stops partnering with high-end designers.
D ．It creates its own plastic factories worldwide.
28 ．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the text
A ．The Packaging Industry Is Growing Faster
B ．New Plastics Make Packaging Compostable
C ．Compost Is the Real Source of Sustainability
D ．Solutions to Plastic Waste Have Been Found
8.（2023·湖南衡阳 · 衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）In a country where over 80% of residents live in public housing, a government commitment to sustainable urban design could have huge influence. And when it’s a tropical country like Singapore where convenience and air conditioning are a way of life, the impact could be
greater still.
Promising 42,000 new homes across five residential districts, the eco-town of Tengah will be the 24th new settlement built by Singapore’s government since World War II. It is, however, the first with centralized cooling, automated trash collection and a car-free town center, with which environment lovers hope to offer a roadmap for
reducing carbon emissions in the Southeast Asian city-state.
The development is named as “Forest Town” by officials, due to its abundant greenery and public gardens.
Once home to brickmaking factories, and later used for military training, the 2.7-square-mile site has been
reclaimed by a forest in recent years. A 328-foot-wide ecological “corridor” will be maintained through its center, providing safe passage to wildlife and connecting a water catchment area on one side to a nature reserve on the
other.
The project has proven a new plan for urban planners supporting green design principles and “smart” technology, according to Chong Fook Loong, group director for research and planning at Singapore’s Housing and Development Board, the agency overseeing the country’s public housing. “Tengah is a new start,” he said in a video interview, explaining that roads and parking are being pushed beneath the town center. “We’re going for the ideal concept of separated traffic, with everything underground and then the ground level totally freed up for
pedestrians — for people. So, it’s a very safe environment for all.”
“We want a town that allows walking and cycling in a very user-friendly manner,” he added, saying that cycling has “taken off” in Singapore in the “last three to five years especially”. The master plan will see the
installation of electric vehicle charging stations.
29 ．What is special about the 24th new settlement
A ．It can house 42,000 people. B ．It will be well equipped.
C ．It will be built by the government. D ．It will be environmentally friendly.
30 ．Which of the following might be the design of the forest town
A .
B .
C .
D .
31 ．What can we learn from Chong Fook Loong’s words
A ．A parking lot will put in the town center.
B ．Passers-by and traffic will be in different levels.
C ．Bikes will be able to fly in the near future.
D ．All masters will install charging stations.
32 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Ways to reduce carbon emissions B ．A green roadmap for Singapore
C ．An eco “smart” city planning D ．A smart electric vehicle technology
9. （2023· 山 东 · 统考 二模 ）A Purdue University invention could save millions of taxpayer dollars and significantly reduce traffic delays. The new invention, a sensor that allows concrete to “talk”, decreases construction time and how often concrete pavement ( 路 面 ) needs repairs while also improving the road’s sustainability and cutting its carbon footprint. Fixed directly into a concrete pour the sensor sends engineers more precise and consistent data about the concrete’s strength and need for repairs than is possible with currently used
tools and methods.
“Traffic jams caused by repairs have wasted 4 billion hours and 3 billion gallons of gas, on a yearly basis. This is mainly due to insufficient knowledge and understanding of concrete’s strength levels,” said Luna Lu, who has been leading development of the sensor since 2017. “For instance, we don’t know when concrete will reach the right strength needed to accommodate traffic loads just after construction. The concrete may be put into use too
early,leading to frequent repairing,” she added.
With the technology Lu and her team invented, engineers can directly monitor the fresh concrete and accurately measure many of its properties at once. The sensor notifies engineers via a smartphone app exactly when the pavement is strong enough to handle heavy traffic. The stronger the pavement is before being used by vehicles, the less often it will need to be repaired. By decreasing road repairs and construction timelines, this technology could reduce carbon dioxide that vehicles would have given off while waiting in traffic to get around a construction
site.
Methods that the industry has used for more than a century call for testing large samples of concrete at a lab or onsite facility. Even though these tests are well understood by the industry, differences between lab and outdoor conditions can lead to inaccurate estimates of the concrete’s strength due to the different concrete compositions and
temperatures of the surrounding area.
33 ．What can be learned about the new invention
A ．It decreases accidents.
B ．It is costly to produce.
C ．It reduces road repairs.
D ．It is difficult to operate.
34 ．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A ．Waste caused by road repairs.
B ．Characteristics of the concrete.
C ．Situations of road constructions.
D ．Necessity of inventing the sensor.
35 ．What does the underlined word “notifies” in Paragraph 3 mean
A ．Signals. B ．Awakes. C ．Monitor. D ．Examines.
36 ．What is the problem with the previous tests
A ．Samples must be tested on the spot.
B ．The results turn out to be unreliable.
C ．Fewer properties have been measured.
D ．Concrete is tested in certain temperature.
10. （2023·湖南永州 · 统考三模 ）Regenerative tourism is concept that is gaining attraction in the travel industry. It is different from sustainable tourism in that it goes beyond just minimizing the negative impact of tourism. It is a philosophy that aims to not only minimize the negative impact of tourism but also to actively
contribute to the regeneration of local ecosystems, economies, and cultures.
The concept of regenerative tourism is not new. Native communities around the world have been practicing regenerative tourism for centuries. However, it has gained renewed interest in recent years due to the growing awareness of the impact of tourism on the environment and the need for sustainable travel practices, particularly post-pandemic-indeed it could even be argued that, as the global tourism industry and those who depend on it start
to recover, tourism in itself is a regenerative act.
One example of regenerative tourism is ecotourism. Ecotourism involves traveling to natural areas with the aim of learning about and conserving the environment. It involves activities such as hiking, bird watching, and wildlife viewing. Another example of regenerative tourism is community-based munity-based tourism involves staying with local communities and participating in their cultural activities, such as our Buffalo Curd Experience in Sri Lanka, or our Rice Wine Trek in Laos. Regenerative tourism can also involve the use of sustainable and regenerative practices in the tourism industry itself. For example, hotels can use renewable energy
sources, reduce their water consumption, and use sustainable materials in their construction.
The benefits of regenerative tourism are many. However, carrying out regenerative tourism practices requires a shift in mindset and a commitment to sustainability. It requires tourism businesses to not only minimize their negative impact but to actively contribute to the regeneration of the environment and communities. It requires
tourists to be conscious of their impact and to choose travel options in line with their values.
In conclusion, regenerative tourism is a promising concept that has the potential to transform the travel
industry. By actively contributing to the regeneration of local ecosystems, economies, and cultures, regenerative
tourism can create a better future for both people and the planet.
37 ．What is the aim of the regenerative tourism
A ．To attract more investments.
B ．To highlight the advantages of tourism.
C ．To protect conventional economy and culture.
D ．To promote a renewable and sustainable tourism.
38 ．Why has the regenerative tourism regained public interest recently
A ．Tourism industry has globally boomed.
B ．People have suffered from the pandemic.
C ．People show more concern about environment.
D ．Regenerative tourism has been practised for long.
39 ．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A ．The definition of ecotourism.
B ．The illustration of regenerative tourism.
C ．Environmental conservation practices.
D ．Reasonable doubts about regenerative tourism.
40 ．What might the writer agree with according to the last two paragraphs
A ．Regenerative tourism has a bright future.
B ．Tourists can choose whatever travel they like.
C ．Travel industry is able to transform regenerative tourism.
D ．Regenerative tourism can be practiced in traditional ways.生态环保之阅读理解
纵览 2023 年新高考 I 卷 A 篇的自行车租赁， 引导学生培养绿色生活理念和环保意识， B 篇的生态设计， 引 导学生发现问题、解决问题，养成科学探究的精神，由此可知生态环保是高考英语的重点考查内容。体现 了“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学 ”的核心功能。预测 2024 年高考阅读理解部分仍然会涉及到生态环保
的话题。
说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体， 它以说明为主要表达方式， 通过解说事物或阐明事理， 达到教人以知识的目的， 在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序(如时间、空间、从现象到本质)
进行说明。
阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的 含意、特点等。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题;高科技领 域的科研成果;人们比较关心的社会问题，人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到 难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。阅读理解试题的中要考点之
一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。
说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替 出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了 4-5%。不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇， 例如，下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都有表示解释和说
明)等。
典例分析
（2023·新高考 I 卷 B ）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria ( 细 菌 ) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge ( 污 泥 ). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the
sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in
Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
1 ．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A ．He was fond of traveling. B ．He enjoyed being alone.
C ．He had an inquiring mind. D ．He longed to be a doctor.
2 ．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A ．To feed the animals. B ．To build an ecosystem.
C ．To protect the plants. D ．To test the eco-machine.
3 ．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A ．To review John’s research plans. B ．To show an application of John’s idea.
C ．To compare John’s different jobs. D ．To erase doubts about John’s invention.
4 ．What is the basis for John’s work
A ．Nature can repair itself. B ．Organisms need water to survive.
C ．Life on Earth is diverse. D ．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
(
【答案】
1
．
C
2
．
D 3
．
B
4
．
A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了
John Todd
从小就很爱思考且
好学，
他建造了一个生态机器，
利用自
然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
1
．细节理解题。根据第一段
“
When
John
Todd
was
a
child
,
he
loved
to
explore
the
woods
around
his
house
,
observing
how
nature
solved
problems.
A
dirty
stream,
for
example,
often
became
clear
after
flowing
through
)
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰 ·托德还是个孩子的时候， 他喜欢探索房子周围的树 林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变 得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了 农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？
哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？ )”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选 C。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)” 以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊 讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物， 开始吃了起来！几周之内， 它就被消化了， 只剩下纯净水)”可
知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选 D。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类 似温室的设施， 可以处理来自南伯灵顿 1600 户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城
市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选 B。
4 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中， 观察会发生什么。然
后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选 A。
（建议用时：8 分钟/篇）
1.（2023·辽宁 · 统考三模）With an abundance of sun and wind, Spain is positioning itself as Europe’s future leader in green hydrogen production to clean up heavy industries. But some energy experts express caution because
this process relies on massive availability of zero-carbon electricity.
Green hydrogen is created when renewable energy sources power an electrical current that runs through water, separating its hydrogen and oxygen molecules (分子). The process doesn’t produce planet-warming carbon dioxide,
but less than 0.1% of global hydrogen production is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrogen can be used in the production of steel, ammonia ( 氨) and chemical products, all of which require industrial processes that are harder to stop fossil fuels. Hydrogen also can be used as a transportation
fuel, which could one day transform the highly polluting shipping and aviation sectors.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours of sunshine on average
per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.
“If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry
platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”
Lepercq is working with companies like Spanish gas pipeline corporation Enagas and global steel giant ArcelorMittal to design an end-to-end model for hydrogen production, distribution and supply at a competitive price. Criticism has centered on green hydrogen’s higher cost compared with highly-polluting “gray hydrogen”
drawn from natural gas. Lepercq argues that solar energy produced in Spain is priced low enough to compete.
Globally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% of energy consumption. What about the 80% that is not
electrified ... You need to replace those fossil fuels. Not in 50 years’ time. You need to replace them now.”
1 ．Why are some experts cautious about green hydrogen production in Spain
A ．It needs large amounts of sun and wind. B ．It has an effect on heavy industries.
C ．It causes conflicts among countries. D ．It uses lots of zero-carbon electricity.
2 ．What is the advantage of green hydrogen production in Spain
A ．Ideal geographical conditions. B ．The support from government.
C ．Hydrogen production technology. D ．Well-developed public transports.
3 ．What can be inferred about green hydrogen in Spain according to Lepercq
A ．It is highly priced. B ．It is easy to store.
C ．It is competitive. D ．It is highly-polluting.
4 ．What is the passage mainly about
A ．Spain manages to use zero-carbon electricity. B ．Spain struggles to lead EU in heavy industry.
C ．Spain takes the lead in preventing air pollution. D ．Spain replaces fossil fuel with green hydrogen.
(
【答案】
1
．
D
2
．
A 3
．
C
4
．
D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将成为欧洲绿色
氢生产的未来
领导者。
1
．细节理解题。根据第一段
“
But
some
energy
experts
express
caution
because
this
process
relies
on
massive
availability of
zero-carbon electricity.(
但一些能源专家表示谨慎
，
因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性
)”
可知， 一些能源专家表示谨慎是因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性。故选
D
。
2
．细节理解题。根据第四段
“Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours
of
sunshine on average per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar
en
ergy,
and therefore
green
hydrogen production.(
西班牙面积
大，
多风， 人口稀少，
每年平均日照超过
2500
小时， 为风能和太阳能提供
了理想的条件，
因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件
)”
可知，
西班牙绿色氢生产的一大优势
就是其优越的
地理条件。故选
A
。
)
(
3
．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段
“Leper
cq is working with companies like
Spanish gas pipeline corporation
Enagas
and
global steel giant
Ar
celorMittal
to
design
an
end-to-end
model for
hydrogen
production,
distribution
and
supply
at
a
competitive
price.
Criticism
has
centered
on
green
hydrogen’s
higher
cost
compared
with
highly-polluting
“gray
hydrogen”
drawn
from
natural
gas.
Lepercq
argues
that
solar
energy
produced
in
Spain
is
priced
low
enough
to
compete
.(
Lepercq
正在与西班牙天然气管道公司
Enagas
和全球钢铁巨头
ArcelorMittal
公司合作，设计一种端到端的氢气生产、分销和供应模式，价格具有竞争力。批评的焦
点是，与从天然气
中提取的高污染
“
灰氢
”
相比， 绿色氢的成本更高。
Lep
ercq
认为， 西班牙生产的太阳能价格足够低，具有竞
争力
)”
可知，
Lepercq
认为西班牙的绿氢生产极具竞争性。故选
C
。
4
．主旨大意题。根据第一段
“
With
an
abundance
of
sun
and
wind
,
Spain
is
positioning
itself
as
Europe
’
s
future
leader in green hydrogen (
氢气
) production to clean up heavy industries.(
凭借充足的阳光和风，
西班牙将自己定
位为清洁重工业的绿色氢生产的欧洲的未来领导者
)”
以及第四段
“Spain’s large, windswept and thinly popul
ated
territory
receives
more
than
2,500
hours
of sunshine
on
average per
year, providing
ideal
conditio
ns
for wind
and
solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.(
西班牙面积大， 多风，人口稀少，
每年平均日照超过
2500
小时，
为风能和太阳能提供了理想的条件，
因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想
的条件
)”
根据最后一段
“You need
to replace those fossil fuels. Not in 50 years’ time. You need
to
replace
them
now.”
（你需要替
代那些化石燃料）
可知， 本文主要介绍的是西班牙凭借充足的阳光和风打算用绿色
氢来取代化石燃料。由此可知，
D
选项
“
西
班牙用绿色氢取代化石燃料
”
作为文章标题最为合适。故选
D
。
)
2.（2023·江苏 · 统考二模）On a hot summer afternoon along the Mandavi River, Shweta Hule wraps her sari around her ankles and bends to pick wild “weeds” from the river and drop them into a bowl. The plants will be made into fritters ( 炸果饼), to be served at the little restaurant attached to the B&B Hule manages in the
Indian coastal town of Vengurla.
Wild edible ( 可 食 用 的 ) plants are common in kitchens here. Hule’s weed is juicy, which is found in mangrove forests. Harvesting some of the plant is helping conserve the mangroves, a globally endangered ecosystem of salt-tolerant trees that stop coastal erosion (侵蚀) and absorb storm damage.
Hule is head of Swamini, a self-help group set up by nine women from a fishing community in Vengurla who started Mandavi Eco Tourism in 2017. Vengurla is known for its beautiful beaches and seafood, but the climate crisis has made fishing for a living unsustainable, so people are trying to find other sources of income. They came up with the idea of running mangrove safaris (观光游) for tourists in Vengurla’s Mandavi River.
The safaris offer visitors a unique hour-long tour of the mangroves. Food has also become a key attraction: local spicy coconut curries, with homegrown or wild vegetables. Tourists are encouraged to go crabbing, and their
catch is cooked and served.
Hule only discovered recently that the weed was edible when she met tourists from another coastal city. She researched these leaves and learned that the salty plant is rich in vitamins. She made her own version of the fritters, with chickpea flour, and presented it at the wild vegetable festival. “It was an instant hit. This boosted the
confidence to include these fritters in our restaurant menu,” says Hule.
Swamini’s lodging house also serves vegetarian meals and plates of fish and crab sourced from the river. “The
satisfaction after the visitors enjoy our meal is the real currency. We had guests from London who were so happy with our food that they took down the recipe. Such people help our business grow. What more can we want ” says
Hule.
5 ．Which of the following can best describe the example of Shweta Hule
A ．Do as the Romans do.
B ．Strike while the iron is hot.
C ．Kill two birds with one stone.
D ．Bite off more than you can chew.
6 ．What does Swamini offer to visitors
A ．Eco-tours and accommodation.
B ．Fishing guide service.
C ．Vegetable growing techniques.
D ．Hands-on cooking classes.
7 ．Why were Hule’s fritters well-received
A ．They were less expensive.
B ．They were traditional.
C ．They had their own features.
D ．They got strongly promoted.
8 ．How did Hule feel about tourists’ obtaining her food recipe
A ．Lost. B ．Proud. C ．Worried. D ．Curious.
(
【答案】
5
．
C
6
．
A
7
．
C
8
．
B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述
Shweta Hule
和几位妇女创办
Swamini
为游客提供生态旅游和有当
地特色的食宿的故事。他们的举动不仅帮助当地人增加了收入，还在一定程度上保护了红树林。
5
．推理判断题。根据第一段的
“bends to pick wild
“weeds” from the river and drop
them
into
a bowl.
The
plants
will be made
into
fritters
(
炸果饼
), to be
served
at
the
little
restaurant
attached
to
the
B&B
Hule
manages
in
the Indian coastal town of
Ve
ngurla.(
弯腰从河里拣起野生的
“
杂草
”
，扔进一个碗里。这些植物将被制成炸果饼，
供应给在胡勒在印度沿海城镇文古拉经营的民旅馆附
属小餐馆
)”
和第二段
“
Wild
edible
(
可食用的
)
plants
are common in kitchens here. Hule’s weed is
juicy, which is found in mangrove
forests.
Harvesting
some
of
the plant
is
helping conserve the mangroves, a globally endangered
ecosystem
of
salt-tolerant trees that
stop
coastal
erosion
(
侵
蚀
) and absorb storm damage.(
野生可食用植物在这里的厨房里很常见。
Hule
的杂草多汁，
这种草生长在红树
林中。收割一些这种植物有助于保护红树林，这是一种全球濒危的耐盐树木生态系统，可以阻止海岸侵蚀
并吸收风暴破坏
)”
可知，这些杂草可以被制成食物，
而且除掉它们有助于保
护红树林， 由此推知，
Shweta Hule
的例子可以说是一举两得。故选
C
。
6
．细节理解题。根据第三段的
“Hule is head of Swamini, a self-help group
set
up
b
y
nine
women
from
a
fishing
)
(
community in Vengurla who started Mandavi Eco Tourism in
2017.(Hule
是
Sw
amini
的负责人，
这是一个自助组
织，
由文古拉一个渔业社区的九名妇女成立， 她们于
2017
年创办了
Mandavi
生态旅
游
)”
和第四段
“The safaris
offer visitors a unique hour-long tour of
the mangroves.
Food
has
also
become
a
key
attraction:
local
spic
y
coconut
curries, with homegrown
or wild vegetables. Tourists
are
enco
uraged
to
go
crabbing,
and
their
catch
is
cooked
and
served
.(
野生动物园为游客提供了一个独特的长达一小时的红树林之旅。食物也成为了一个关键
的吸引力：
当地的辛辣椰子咖喱，
配以本土或野生蔬菜。游客们被鼓励去捕螃蟹，
他们捕获
的东西被煮熟后端上桌
)”
以
及最后一段第一句
“Swamini’s lodging house also serves v
egetarian meals and plates of
fish
and
crab
sourced
from
the river.
（斯瓦米尼的旅馆还供应素食，以及从河里捕来的鱼和螃蟹）
”
可知，
Swamini
给游客提供生态旅
游和食宿。故选
A
。
7
．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的
“Hule only discovered recently
that the weed was edible when she
met
tourists
from
another coastal
city.
She researched these
leaves
and
learned that
the
salty
plant
is
rich
in
vitamins.
She
made
her
own
version
of
the
fritters
,
with
chickpea
flour
,
and
presented
it
at
the
wild
vegetable
festival
.(
Hule
最近才发
现这种杂草是可以食用的，当时她遇到了来自另一个沿海城市的游客。她研究了这些
叶子，了解到这种咸
味植物富含维生素。她用鹰嘴豆粉做了自己版本的炸果饼，并在野菜节上展出
)”
可知，
Hule
的炸果饼受欢
迎是因为它们有当地的特色。故选
C
。
8
．推理判断题。根据最后一段的
““The satisfaction after the visitors enjoy
our meal
is
the
real
currency.
We
had
guests
from
London
who
were
so
happy
with
our
food
that
they
took
down
the
recipe.
Such
people
help
our
business
grow
.
What
more
can
we
want
”
says
Hule
.(
Hule
说：
“
游客们享用我们的饭菜后的满足感才是
真正的
货币。我们有来自伦敦的客人，他们对我们的食物非常满意，所以他们把食谱记了下来
。这些人帮助我们
的业务发展。我们还想要什么？
”)”
推知，
Hule
对游客想得到他们的食谱感到非常自豪。故选
B
。
)
3. （2023· 广 东 梅 州 · 统 考 三 模 ） Farming is destroying the planet. But there could be a much more
environmentally friendly way to feed ourselves: using renewable energy to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into food.
“This is becoming a reality,” says Pasi Vainikka at Solar Foods. The company is building the first
commercial-scale factory, near Helsinki in Finland, which will be able to make food directly from CO2.
At the factory, renewable electricity will be used to break down water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen will be added to large containers, where the bacteria grow, along with CO2 and ammonia(NH3) to provide carbon and nitrogen separately. Some of the CO2 will be taken directly from the air at a visitors’ centre at the factory, Vainikka says, and the rest will come from industrial sources. The end result will be a yellow powder called Solein that is made of bacterial cells and is up to 70 per cent protein. It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods, from meat alternatives to grains and snacks. “We are aiming at replacing animal-sourced proteins,
which we think have the highest environmental impact,” says Vainikka.
Solein was approved as a food ingredient in Singapore in October 2022, and Solar Foods is awaiting approval
in the UK, the European Union and the US.
Compared with plant crops, Solein will use 100 times less water per kilogram of protein produced, 20 times less land—including the land used for energy production—and produce a fifth as much CO2, according to Solar
pared with beef, a kilogram of protein can be produced using 600 times less water and 200 times less
land, again counting the land used for energy production, while producing 200 times less CO2, says the company.
There are other benefits, too: factories could be situated anywhere in the world and production won’t be affected by weather extremes. “With Solar Foods and other companies scaling up(扩大) their systems, this is truly
stepping in a new age of agriculture,” says Dorian Leger at Connectomix Bio in Germany.
9 ．What can we learn about Solein from paragraph 3
A ．It was used as feed for animals at first. B ．Up to 70 per cent of it can be recycled.
C ．It is made from hydrogen and oxygen. D ．It can be applied to food production.
10 ．What advantage does Solein have in producing a kilo of protein
A ．It uses 600 times less land than beef. B ．It produces 200 times less CO2 than beef.
C ．It uses 200 times less water than plant crops. D ．It produces 100 times less CO2 than plant crops.
11 ．What is Dorian Leger’s attitude towards the future of Solein
A ．Positive. B ．Doubtful. C ．Ambiguous. D ．Tolerant.
12 ．Which can be the best title for the text
A ．CO2 can be recycled to stimulate local economy
B ．New food strategy reduces big questions on health
C ．A factory will start making green food from air and electricity
D ．Campaigners recommend ways to reduce climate impact of farming
(
【答案】
9
．
D
10
．
B
11
．
A
12
．
C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芬兰食品科技公司
Solar Foods
制造新型蛋白质，以缓解农业给环
境带来的压力。
9
．细节理解题。根据第三段中的
“It can be used as an
ingredient
in
all kinds
of
foods,
from
meat
alternatives
to grains and snacks. “We
are
aiming
at
replacing
animal-sourced
proteins,
whi
ch
we
think
have
the
highest
environmental impact,” says Vainikka.(
它可以作为各种食物的原料，从肉类替代品到谷物和零食。
“
我们的目
标是取代动物性蛋白质，我们认为动物性蛋白质对环境的影响最大，
”
Vainikka
说。
)”
可知，
Solein
可以用
作各种食物的原料，以此来取代动物性蛋白质，由此可知，
Solein
可以用于食物生产。故选
D
项。
10
．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的
“
Compared
with
beef
,
a
kilogram
of
protein
can
be
produced
using
600
times
less water
and
200 times
less
land,
again
counting the
land used
for
energ
y production,
while
producing
200
times
less
CO
2
,
says
the
company
.(
该公司表示，与牛肉相比，生产一公斤蛋白质所需的水减少了
600
倍，土
地减少了
200
倍
(
再算上用于能源生产的土地
)
，同时
产生的二氧化碳减少了
200
倍。
)”
可知， 每生产一公斤
蛋白质，
Solein
制造的二氧化碳是使用牛肉制造的减少了
200
倍。故选
B
项。
11
．推理判断题
。根据
“
There
are
other
benefits
,
too
:
factories
could
be
situated
anywhere
in
the
world
and production won’t be
affected by weather
extremes.
“With
Solar Foods
and
other
companies
scaling
up(
扩大
)
the
ir
systems, this is truly
stepping in
a new
age
of agriculture,”
says Dori
an
Leger
at
Connectomix
Bio
in
Germany.(
德
国
Connectomix Bio
的
Dorian Leger
说：
“
随着太阳能食品公司和其他公司扩大他们的系统，这真的进入了一
)
(
个新的农业时代。
”
。
)”
可知，
Dorian Leger
认为随着
Solein
等公司不断扩大他们的系统，
这真的进入一个新
的农业时代，由此可知，
Dorian Leger
对
S
olein
的未来持肯定态度。故选
A
项。
12
．主旨大意题。根据首段中的
“But there could be a much more envi
ronmentally friendly way to
feed
ourselves:
using
renewable
energy
to
turn
carbon
dioxide
(
CO
2
)
into
food
.(
但是，有一种更环保的方式可以
养活我们自己
:
利用可再生能源将二氧化碳转化为食物。
)”
可知，
本文首段引出本文的话题为我们可以利用可再生能源把二
氧化碳转化为食物
，
以及第二段
中
的
““
This
is
becoming
a
reality
,”
says
Pasi
Vainikka
at
Solar
Foods
.
The company
is building
the
first
co
mmercial-scale
factory,
near
Helsinki
in
Finland,
which
will be
able
to
make
food
directly from CO
2
.(“
这正在成为现实，
”
太阳能食品公司的
Pasi Vainikka
说。该公司正在芬兰赫尔辛基附近建
造第一个商业规模的工厂，该工厂将能够直接利用二
氧化碳生产食品。
)”
以及下文中对该公司的介绍可知，
一家公司正在建造一家商业规模的工厂，
将用电分离出氢气，
使其和二氧化碳等发生反应，
产生
“
绿色
”
蛋白
质，从而减少农业对环境的损害， 所以本文的标题为
“
工厂将开始用空气和电力生产绿色食品
”
符合文章内容，
且概括了本段的主题。故选
C
项。
)
4.（2023·河北 · 统考二模）One aspect of the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many homes and businesses burn natural gas for heating and cooking. Natural gas gives out greenhouse gases as well as other pollutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versions and tap into clean
electricity.
Panama Bartholomy is the director of the Building Decarbonization Coalition. His group, based in Petaluma, Calif., focuses on limiting gas emissions indoors. “We assume the electric grid ( 输 电 网) is getting cleaner over
time, which it is. So, we want more and more of our heating to come from electricity.”
It’s much easier to make these types of transitions when governments recommend them, says Beth Miller. She is an ecologist and consultant with Good Company. Based in Eugene, Ore., it helps companies and communities reduce their carbon footprint. Some states are already taking steps to make these changes. On September 22, for
instance, California decided it would ban the sale of gas-fired space heaters and water heaters by 2030.
After homes and businesses make the switch to electric alternatives, they will be more comfortable, says Bartholomy. They will be safer and cleaner, too, he adds. Instead of a gas furnace(燃气炉), an electric heat pump could both heat and cool a home. Gas heaters and stoves won’t be pumping pollution into a home’s air. And cooks
will have even more control on a modern electric cooker than on a gas stove says Bartholomy.
Getting natural gas out of your home is probably the largest positive impact you can have for the planet, Bartholomy says. “We all need to fight for a livable climate. There is no way to meet our climate goals while still burning gas in buildings. For a livable future, we must take measures to stop burning natural gas, though we know
we have a long way to go.” And the bonus: It now looks like doing that should also save people a lot of money.
13 ．What is the clean energy change
A ．Using natural gas for heating. B ．Using natural gas to boil water.
C ．Using electric cookers at home. D ．Using electric lights inside buildings.
14 ．What does the underlined word “transitions” in Paragraph 3 mean
A ．Promises. B ．Plans. C ．Changes. D ．Decisions.
15 ．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A ．Homes will be safer. B ．Gas stoves will be replaced soon.
C ．Homes’ air will have more pollutants. D ．Cooks prefer to use traditional cookers.
16 ．What is the best title of the text
A ．Clean-energy Change B ．Electricity Use
C ．Make Use of Natural Gas D ．Save Your Money at Home
【答案】 13 ．C 14 ．C 15 ．A 16 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述将会在建筑内部发生清洁能源的改变，燃气设备将被电动设备取代
以及利用清洁能源的好处。
13．细节理解题。根据第一One aspect of the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many homes and businesses burn natural gas for heating and cooking. Natural gas gives out greenhouse gases as well as other pollutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versions and tap into clean electricity. (清洁能源变化的一个方面将发生在建筑内部。许多家庭和企业烧天然气取暖和做饭。天然气释放 出温室气体以及其他有害健康的污染物。燃气家用电器可以被电动家用电器取代，并利用清洁电力)”可知，
使用电动家用电器就是在使用清洁能源。故选 C。
14．词义猜测题。根据第二段“We assume the electric grid (输电网) is getting cleaner over time, which it is. So, we want more and more of our heating to come from electricity. (我们假设电网会随着时间的推移变得越来越清洁， 事实也确实如此。所以，我们希望越来越多的供暖来自电力)”可推测，划线句子意思是：贝丝 ·米勒(Beth Miller) 说，在政府的推荐下，进行这类转变要容易得多。由此可知 transitions 意为“转变” ，和 C 选项同义，故选
C。
15 ．推理判断题。根据第四段“After homes and businesses make the switch to electric alternatives, they will be more comfortable, says Bartholomy. They will be safer and cleaner, too, he adds. (Bartholomy 说，在家庭和企业 改用电力替代品之后， 它们会更舒适。他补充说， 它们也会更安全、更清洁)”可推知， 家将会更安全。故选
A。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文， 尤其第一One aspect of the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many homes and businesses burn natural gas for heating and cooking. Natural gas gives out greenhouse gases as well as other pollutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versions and tap into clean electricity. (清洁能源变化的一个方面将发生在建筑内部。许多家庭和企业烧天然气取暖和做饭。天然 气释放出温室气体以及其他有害健康的污染物。燃气家用电器可以被电动家用电器取代， 并利用清洁电力)” 可知，文章主要讲述将会在建筑内部发生清洁能源的改变，燃气设备将被电动设备取代以及利用清洁能源
的好处。由此可知， A 选项“清洁能源变革”符合文章主旨。故选 A。
5.（2023·山东潍坊 · 统考二模）Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their
family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable
model.
“Truly the whole process starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating one dish leads into the creation of many more through the end-to-end use of products. As chefs, they are always searching for the best ingredients. It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to
waste.
When they do have waste, even if minimal, they shift it from landfills to transform it into compost ( 堆肥) that’s then used across the Walt Disney World property. They also support Second Harvest, a local community food bank where healthy produce, prepared, but not served, meals eatable for human consumption are donated. Disney also works with pig farmers when they can’t distribute foods past the point of safety for human
consumption. Besides, wildlife reservations love to get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their operations are “on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow” where chefs learn the full-life
cycle of plants from seed to plate and gain a better understanding and appreciation for the product and their craft.
Golden Oak at Disney has millions of bees that produce up to 300 pounds of honey per year, plus those bees help with cross pollination (授粉) of their gardens on a daily basis. They advocate a culture that helps develop not
only the quality of food, but an appreciation for nature.
17 ．Where did Michael Gonsalves’ idea about cuisine come from
A ．His mom’s suggestions. B ．His dream of becoming a chef.
C ．His interest in delicious food. D ．His labor experience as a child.
18 ．How are the ingredients dealt with in Golden Oak
A ．They are grilled to eat. B ．They are used to the fullest.
C ．They are divided into groups. D ．They are selected by quality.
19 ．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A ．Give examples about zero waste.
B ．Introduce the unique habit of wildlife.
C ．Stress the importance of natural food.
D ．Explain the operation mode of the food bank.
20 ．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A ．Disney World:New Cuisine Road
B ．Michael Gonsalves:Creative Chef
C ．Michael Gonsalves:Advocate of Food Diversity
D ．Disney World:Pioneer in Environmental Protection
(
【答案】
17
．
D 18
．
B
19
．
A 20
．
A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的
“
零浪费可持续发展模式
”
。
)
(
17
．细节理解题。根据第一段中
“Michael Gonsalves, a chef
of
Golden Oak at Disney World,
has
a
cuisine
concept
rooted
in
fresh,
locally-sourced
ingredients
that
originated
from
childhood
harvesting
produce
from
their
family
garden
with
his
mom
to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Di
sney World Resorts to employ a sustainable
model
.(
Michael
Gonsalves
是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，他的烹饪理念植根
于新鲜的本地食材，从童年
和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始，到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式
)”
可知，
Michael Gonsalves
的烹饪理念源于他小时候的劳动体验。故选
D
。
18
．细节理解题。根据第二段中
“It is then their
focus to ensure they appreciate
and
respect
all
that
go
into
each
and
every one of
them. For example, they source chicken
that
is
naturally
g
rown
and
fed
on
a
natural
plant
forward
diet,
no
hormones
(
激素
)
or
additives
—
that’s
used
in
many
ways
throu
ghout
menus
from
a
simple
grilled
chicken
breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.(
然后， 他们的重点是确保
他们欣赏和尊重每一个部分。例如，
他们
采购的鸡肉是自然生长的，以天然植物饲料喂养，不含激素或添加剂
——
从简单的烤鸡胸
肉到骨汤，这些
都在菜单中以多种方式使用。没有什么是浪费的
)”
可知， 金橡树餐充餐厅分利用食材的每一个部分， 没有什
么浪费。故选
B
。
19
．推理判断题。第二段末句
“Nothing go
es to waste.(
没有什么会被浪费
)”
提到餐厅没有什么浪费，
结合第三
段内容可知， 本段是举例说明上文提及的
“
零浪费
”
，如把垃圾转化成堆肥， 剩余食品捐给当地社区食品银行、
与养猪户合作以及投喂给野生动物，故选
A
。
20
．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，
结合第一段中
“Michael Gonsalves, a chef
of
Golden Oak at Disney
World, has
a
cuisine
concept
rooted
in
fresh,
loc
ally-sourced
ingredients
that
originated
from
childhood
harvesting
produce from
their
family
garden
with
his
mom
to
eventually
leading
kitchens
at
Walt
Disney
World
Resorts
to
employ
a
sustainable model.(Michael Gonsalves
是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，
他的烹饪理念植根于新鲜的本地食材，
从童年和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始， 到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式
)”
及倒
数第二段中
“Their operations are
‘on a path to a
sustainable zero
waste
kitchen
of
tomorrow’(
他们的行为是
‘
走向
未来可持续零浪费厨房的道路
’)”
可知，
本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的
“
零浪费可持续发展模式
”
，
A
项
“
迪士尼世界：新美食道路
”
适合作为文章标题。故选
A
。
)
6.（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模） The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local
communities.
Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction, and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable
boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day
Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the
world’s largest no-dig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to
get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve got true community buy-in.”
Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after
that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.
21 ．Why was Farm My School founded
A ．To raise the income of the local people.
B ．To advocate a commercial farming plan.
C ．To provide free food for local communities.
D ．To turn underused campus land into market gardens.
22 ．How do schools involve students into the program
A ．By developing program-based courses.
B ．By organizing voluntary work in communities.
C ．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens.
D ．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes.
23 ．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3
A ．Competition. B ．Investment. C ．Support. D ．Protection.
24 ．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben
A ．It brings in money to support the school.B ．The school farm will be able to last long.
C ．The local people will take care of the farm. D ．Students connect more with the outside world.
(
【答案】
21
．
D 22
．
A
23
．
C
24
．
B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为
Farm My
Schoo
l
的项目，未充分利用的校园土地变成
市场花园。学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个
项目，大家都很支持。
21
．细节理解题。根据第一段
“So it is with Farm My
School, a program that’s turning underused land
at
secondary
schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens
farmed b
y
and
for
local
communities.(Farm My
School
项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地转变
为可商业化的、可再生的市场花园，由当地社
区耕种
)”
可知，成立
Farm My
School
是为了将未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园。故选
D
。
22
．细节理解题。根据第二段
“Schools integrate all these into their courses while producin
g vegetable boxes every
week that
feed
local
families,
supply the
school’s
food needs
and ultimately pay
the
farmer’s
sal
ary.
(
学校把这些
都融入到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，供当地家庭
食用，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民
)
(
的工资
)”
可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个项目。故选
A
。
23
．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文
“We charged for the
experience and 600
guys turned up!
They
didn’t
even
need
free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight.
(
我们为这
次体验收费， 结果有
600
个人来了
!
他们甚
至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺
一直干到半夜
)”
可知，
社区的人都来支持他们的活动。由此猜
测，画线词意思是
“
支持
”
，故选
C
。
24
．细节理解题。根据最后一段
““For us, the big excitement is that by allowing
a professional
farmer to
ta
ke
the
responsibility of
growing food, it’s not
only
on the
school
to
look
after
tha
t
farm
anymore,
which
eventually
makes
it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.(Be
n
补充说：
“
对我们来说，最大的兴奋是，通过允许职业农民承担种植
粮食的责任，不再只有学校来照看农场，这
最终使它更可持续。
”)”
可知，
Ben
认为这个项目的亮点是学校
农场将能够持续很长时间。故选
B
。
)
7.（2023·河北石家庄 · 正定一中校考模拟预测）Compost (堆肥) is one of the most wonderful things in the world. You take organic matter that would otherwise end up in landfills and create a nutrient-rich material that will help make gardens grow, flowers bloom and make it easier to feed the world. Thanks to Tipa, an Israeli start-up,
you will soon be able to add plastics to your compost mix.
Plastic is one of the most challenging problems on the planet. As No Camels reports, it often takes 500 years for plastic to break down, and even then, microplastics remain in water or on land. Furthermore, according to Inc. Com, even though plastic can theoretically be recycled, less than 5 percent of flexible plastic packaging that is put
into recycling by consumers is actually recycled.
But that doesn’t need to be the case anymore.
Now, Tipa and other companies have begun to create plastics that are able to biodegrade like any organic matter does. When asked how she got the idea of creating compostable flexible plastics, Dafna Nissenbaum, the CEO and co-founder of Tipa, said, “Nature also packs its products, like bananas, apples and oranges, but with a compostable material. Our plastics will break down exactly like any other organic material and turn into solid fertilizer (肥料).”
Unlike other compostable plastics on the market, Tipa’s plastics can be fully composted in home composts. This means that the average person with a garden compost could use their packaging and just throw it in the
compost instead of the recycling bin when they are done with it.
Another thing that Tipa has been doing is to create partnerships with existing producers instead of creating their own factories. The company’s materials are purposefully designed to be compatible (兼容的) with machinery that already exists and produces non-compostable plastics. Tipa says that fits in with its goal of creating a
sustainable future.
Tipa has partnered with some high-end designers. Both Stella McCartney and Mara Hoffman use Tipa’s
products to package their products. Many brands are now aware that using sustainable packaging will endear them
to customers, and Tipa helps them do that.
25 ．What does paragraph 2 focus on
A ．The difficulty of dealing with plastic. B ．The harm caused by water pollution.
C ．The problem of the packaging industry. D ．The barrier to recycling plastic products.
26 ．What does Dafna Nissenbaum try to tell
A ．Her confidence in the fertilizer market. B ．Her strong desire to get close to nature.
C ．Her inspiration for Tipa’s new plastics. D ．Her high praise for the beauty of nature.
27 ．What does Tipa do to pursue sustainability
A ．It cooperates with existing producers.
B ．It designs materials to fit new machinery.
C ．It stops partnering with high-end designers.
D ．It creates its own plastic factories worldwide.
28 ．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the text
A ．The Packaging Industry Is Growing Faster
B ．New Plastics Make Packaging Compostable
C ．Compost Is the Real Source of Sustainability
D ．Solutions to Plastic Waste Have Been Found
(
【答案】
25
．
A 26
．
C
27
．
A
28
．
B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以色列的一家新兴公司发明的一种用于包装的
塑料，这种塑
料使得包装可以被堆肥。
25
．主旨大意题。由第二段
“Plastic is one of
the mos
t challenging problems on the planet. As
No
Camels
reports,
it
often takes 500 years for plastic to break
down,
and
even
the
n,
microplastics
remain
in
water
or
on
land.
Furthermore,
ac
cording
to
Inc.
Com,
even
though
p
lastic
can
theoretically
be
recycled,
less
than
5
percent
o
f
flexible
plastic
packaging
that
is
put
into
recycling
by
consumers
is
actually
recycled
.
(
塑料是地球上最具挑战性
的问题之一。正如
No
Camels
报道的那样，塑料通常需要
500
年才能
分解，即使这样，微塑料也会留在水
中或陆地上。此外，据股份有限公司
Inc
.
Com
称，尽管塑料理论上
可以回收，但消费者投入回收的柔性塑
料包装实际上回收的比例不到
5%)”
可知，第二段主要说明处理塑料并非易事。故选
A
项。
26
．细节理解题。由第四段中的
“When asked how she got the idea of
crea
ting
compostable
flexible plastics,
Dafna
Nissenbaum,
the
CEO
and
co-founder
of
Tipa,
said,
“Nature
also
packs
its
products,
lik
e
bananas,
apples
and
oranges, but with
a
compos
table material.
Our plastics will break
down
exactly
like
any
other
organic
material
and turn into solid fertilizer (
肥料
).”(
当被问及她是如何产生制造可堆肥柔性塑料的想法时，
Tipa
的首席执行官兼
联合创始人
Dafna Nissenbaum
说：
“
大自然也包装它的产品
，
如香蕉、苹果和橙子，
但用的是可堆肥的材料。
我们的塑料会像其他有机材料一样分解，变成固体肥料。
”)”
可知，
Dafna Nissenbaum
试图告诉大家新塑料
的灵感来源于自然。故选
C
项。
27
．细节理解题。由倒数第二段
“
Another
thing
that
Tipa
has
been
doing
is
to
create
partnerships
with
existing producers instead of creating their own factories. The
company’s materials
are purposefully
designed
to
be compatible
(
兼容的
) with machinery that
already
exists
and produces non-compostable plastics.
Tipa
says
that
fits
)
(
in with its goal of
creating a sustainable future.
(
蒂帕一直在做的另一件事是与现有生产商建立合作伙伴关系，
而不是创建自己的工厂。该公司的材料经过
专门设计，
与现有的生产不可堆肥塑料的机械兼容。蒂帕表示，
这符合其创造可持续未来的目标
)”
可知，
为了追求可持续性，
Tipa
选择与现有的生产商合
作，
而不是建造自
己的工厂。故选
A
项。
28
．主旨大意题。通读全文，
尤其是第一段中的
“Thanks to Tipa, an Israeli start-up, you will
soon be
able to
add
plastics
to
your
compost
mix
. (
多亏了以色列初创公司
Tipa
，你很快就能在堆
肥混合物中添加塑料
)”
可知，文 章主要介绍了以色列的一家创业公司发明的一种用于包装的塑料，这种塑料使得包装可以被堆肥，
B
项
“
新
塑料使包装可堆肥
”
符合文意。故选
B
项。
)
8.（2023·湖南衡阳 · 衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）In a country where over 80% of residents live in public housing, a government commitment to sustainable urban design could have huge influence. And when it’s a tropical country like Singapore where convenience and air conditioning are a way of life, the impact could be
greater still.
Promising 42,000 new homes across five residential districts, the eco-town of Tengah will be the 24th new settlement built by Singapore’s government since World War II. It is, however, the first with centralized cooling, automated trash collection and a car-free town center, with which environment lovers hope to offer a roadmap for
reducing carbon emissions in the Southeast Asian city-state.
The development is named as “Forest Town” by officials, due to its abundant greenery and public gardens. Once home to brickmaking factories, and later used for military training, the 2.7-square-mile site has been reclaimed by a forest in recent years. A 328-foot-wide ecological “corridor” will be maintained through its center, providing safe passage to wildlife and connecting a water catchment area on one side to a nature reserve on the
other.
The project has proven a new plan for urban planners supporting green design principles and “smart” technology, according to Chong Fook Loong, group director for research and planning at Singapore’s Housing and Development Board, the agency overseeing the country’s public housing. “Tengah is a new start,” he said in a video interview, explaining that roads and parking are being pushed beneath the town center. “We’re going for the ideal concept of separated traffic, with everything underground and then the ground level totally freed up for
pedestrians — for people. So, it’s a very safe environment for all.”
“We want a town that allows walking and cycling in a very user-friendly manner,” he added, saying that cycling has “taken off” in Singapore in the “last three to five years especially”. The master plan will see the
installation of electric vehicle charging stations.
29 ．What is special about the 24th new settlement
A ．It can house 42,000 people. B ．It will be well equipped.
C ．It will be built by the government. D ．It will be environmentally friendly.
30 ．Which of the following might be the design of the forest town
A .
B .
C .
D .
31 ．What can we learn from Chong Fook Loong’s words
A ．A parking lot will put in the town center.
B ．Passers-by and traffic will be in different levels.
C ．Bikes will be able to fly in the near future.
D ．All masters will install charging stations.
32 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Ways to reduce carbon emissions B ．A green roadmap for Singapore
C ．An eco “smart” city planning D ．A smart electric vehicle technology
(
【答案】
29
．
D 30
．
A
31
．
B 32
．
C
)
(
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新加坡政府提供
了一个支持绿色设计原则和
“
智能
”
技术的新计划，
对新加坡进行可持续城市设计。
29
．细节理解题。根据第二段
“It is, however, the first with
cent
ralized
cooling,
automated trash
collection
and
a car-free town
center, with which
environment
lovers hope
to
offer
a
roadmap
for
reducing
carbon
emissions
in
the
Southeast
Asian
city
-
state
.(
然而，这是第一个拥有集中冷却、自动垃圾收集和无
车城镇中心的城市，环境爱
好者希望通过这个城市中心为东南亚城市国家减少碳排放提供
一个策略。
)”
可知，这个新居点拥有集中冷却、
自动收集垃圾和无车城镇中心，由此可知，第
24
个新定居点将是环保的。故选
D
项。
30
．细节理解题
。根据第三段
“A
328-
foot
-
wide
ecological
“
corridor
”
will
be
maintained
through
its
center
,
providing
safe
passage
to
wildlife
and
connecting
a
water
catchment
area
on
one
side
to
a
nature
reserve
o
n
the
other.(
一条
328
英尺宽的生态
“
走廊
”
将贯穿其中心，
为野生
动物提供安全通道，
并将一边的集水区与另一边
的自然保护区连接起来
)”
可知， 走廊贯穿在森林镇中，
连接
集水区和自然保护区，
对比四个设计图，
A
项符
合。故选
A
项。
31
．细节理解题
。根据倒数第二段
“
We
’
re
going
for
the
ideal
concept
of
separated
traffic
,
with
everything underground
and
then
the
ground
level
totally
freed
up
for
pedestrians
—
for
people
.(
我们追求的是分离
交通的理
想概念， 所有东西都在地下，
然后地面层完全为行人腾出空间。
)”
可知， 此处追求的是所有东西在地下，
行
人在地面，所以，从
Chong Fook Loong
的话中知道行人和交通将处于不同的水平面。
故选
B
项。
32
．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的
“It is, however, the first with centralized cooling, automated
trash
collection
and
a car-free town center, with which environment lovers hope to offer
a r
oadmap
for reducing
carbon
emissions
in
the
Southeast
Asian
city
-
state
.(
然而，这是第一个拥有集中冷却、自动垃圾收集和无车城镇中心的城市，环境爱
好者希望通过这个城市中心为东南亚城市国家减少碳排放提供一个策略
)”
可知，该城市为东南亚城市国家减
少碳排放的一个典范，结合倒数第二段
“
The
project
has
proven
a
new
plan
for
urban
planners
supporting
green design
principles and “smart” technology, according to Chong Fook Loong, gro
up director
for research
and
planning
at
Singapore’s Housing
and Development Board, the
agency
overseeing
the
country’s
public
hou
sing.(
新
加坡住房发展局负责研究与规划的集团总监
Chong Fook Loong
表示，该项目为城市规划者提供了一个支持
绿色设计原则和
“
智能
”
技术的新计划
)”
可知，
Chong Fook Loong
认为， 该项目为城市规划者提供了一个支持
绿色设计原则和
“
智能
”
技术的新计划，结合全文对这一新计划的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了新加坡生态
“
智
能
”
城市计划，
所以
“An eco “smart” city planning (
一个生态
“
智能
”
城市规划
)”
与本文的内容吻合，
且概括了全
文主题，可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选
C
项。
)
9. （2023· 山 东 · 统考 二模 ）A Purdue University invention could save millions of taxpayer dollars and significantly reduce traffic delays. The new invention, a sensor that allows concrete to “talk”, decreases construction time and how often concrete pavement ( 路 面 ) needs repairs while also improving the road’s sustainability and cutting its carbon footprint. Fixed directly into a concrete pour the sensor sends engineers more precise and consistent data about the concrete’s strength and need for repairs than is possible with currently used
tools and methods.
“Traffic jams caused by repairs have wasted 4 billion hours and 3 billion gallons of gas, on a yearly basis. This
is mainly due to insufficient knowledge and understanding of concrete’s strength levels,” said Luna Lu, who has been leading development of the sensor since 2017. “For instance, we don’t know when concrete will reach the right strength needed to accommodate traffic loads just after construction. The concrete may be put into use too
early,leading to frequent repairing,” she added.
With the technology Lu and her team invented, engineers can directly monitor the fresh concrete and accurately measure many of its properties at once. The sensor notifies engineers via a smartphone app exactly when the pavement is strong enough to handle heavy traffic. The stronger the pavement is before being used by vehicles, the less often it will need to be repaired. By decreasing road repairs and construction timelines, this technology could reduce carbon dioxide that vehicles would have given off while waiting in traffic to get around a construction
site.
Methods that the industry has used for more than a century call for testing large samples of concrete at a lab or onsite facility. Even though these tests are well understood by the industry, differences between lab and outdoor conditions can lead to inaccurate estimates of the concrete’s strength due to the different concrete compositions and
temperatures of the surrounding area.
33 ．What can be learned about the new invention
A ．It decreases accidents.
B ．It is costly to produce.
C ．It reduces road repairs.
D ．It is difficult to operate.
34 ．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A ．Waste caused by road repairs.
B ．Characteristics of the concrete.
C ．Situations of road constructions.
D ．Necessity of inventing the sensor.
35 ．What does the underlined word “notifies” in Paragraph 3 mean
A ．Signals. B ．Awakes. C ．Monitor. D ．Examines.
36 ．What is the problem with the previous tests
A ．Samples must be tested on the spot.
B ．The results turn out to be unreliable.
C ．Fewer properties have been measured.
D ．Concrete is tested in certain temperature.
(
【答案】
33
．
C 34
．
D 35
．
A 36
．
B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普渡大学的一项发明，该发明可以节省数百万纳税
人的钱，并大
大减少交通延误。这项新发明是一种传感器，
它可以让混凝土
“
说话
”
，减少施工
时间和混凝土路面需要维修
的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹。
)
(
33
．细节理解题。根据第一段中的
“The new invention, a sen
sor that allows
concrete to“talk”,
decreases
construction
time
and
how
often
concrete
pavement
(
路面
)
needs
repairs
while
also
improving
t
he
road’s
sustainability
and
cutting
its
carbon
footprint
.(
这项新发明是一种传感器，它可以
让混凝土
“
说话
”
，减少施工时间和混凝土路面
需要维修的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹
)”
可知，这项新发明减少了道路维修。故选
C
。
34
．主旨大意题。根据第二
段
““Traffic
jams caused by repairs have
wasted 4 billion hours and 3 billion gallons o
f
gas,
on
a
yearly
basis.
This
is
mainly
due
to
insufficient
knowledge
and
understanding
of
concrete’s
strength
levels,”
said
Luna
Lu,
who
has been
leading
development
of the
sensor
since
2017.
“For
instance,
we
don’t
know
when concrete
will
reach
the
right strength needed
to accommoda
te traffic loads
just after construction. The
concrete
may
be
put
into
use
too
early
,
leading
to
frequent
repairing
,”
she
added
.(“
每年维修造成的交通堵
塞浪费
了
40
亿小时和
30
亿加仑的汽油。这主要是由于对混凝土强度水平
的认识和理解不足，
”
自
2017
年以来一
直领导该传感器开发的卢娜
·
卢说。
“
例如， 我们不知道混凝土何时才能达到合适的强度，
以适应施工后的交
通负荷。混凝土可能过早投入使用，
导致频繁维修，
”
她补充道
)”
结合
第一段的
“The new invention, a
sensor that
allows
concrete to“talk”,
decreases
construction time
and how
often
concrete pavement
(
路面
) needs repairs
while also
improving
the
road
’
s
sustainability
and
cutting
its
carbon
footprint
.(
这项新发明是一种传感器，它可以让混
凝土
“
说话
”
，减少施工时间和混凝土路面需要维修
的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹
)”
可知，
第二段主要论述了发明传感器的必要性。故选
D
。
35
．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文
“via a
smartphone app exactly when the pavement
is
strong
enough
to
hand
le
heavy traffic.(
通过一款智能手机应用程序，
准确判
断路面是否足够坚固，
可以应对繁忙的交通
)”
可知， 此处
指传感器通过一款智能手机应用程序告知工程师相关信息。由此可知，划线词
notifies
与
signals(
告知
)
意思
接近。故选
A
。
36
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的
“
Even
though
these
tests
are
well
understood
by
the
industry
,
differences
between
lab
and
outdoor
c
onditions
can
lead
to
inaccurate
estimates
of the
concrete’s
strength
due
to
the
different
concrete compositions and temperatures
of
the surrounding area.(
尽管这些测试被业界很好地理解，但由于混凝
土成分和周围地区温度的不同，
实验室和室外条件之间的
差异可能导致对混凝土强度的不准确估计
)”
可推知，
以前试验的问题是结果不可靠。故选
B
。
)
10. （2023·湖南永州 · 统考三模 ）Regenerative tourism is concept that is gaining attraction in the travel industry. It is different from sustainable tourism in that it goes beyond just minimizing the negative impact of tourism. It is a philosophy that aims to not only minimize the negative impact of tourism but also to actively
contribute to the regeneration of local ecosystems, economies, and cultures.
The concept of regenerative tourism is not new. Native communities around the world have been practicing regenerative tourism for centuries. However, it has gained renewed interest in recent years due to the growing awareness of the impact of tourism on the environment and the need for sustainable travel practices, particularly post-pandemic-indeed it could even be argued that, as the global tourism industry and those who depend on it start
to recover, tourism in itself is a regenerative act.
One example of regenerative tourism is ecotourism. Ecotourism involves traveling to natural areas with the
aim of learning about and conserving the environment. It involves activities such as hiking, bird watching, and
wildlife viewing. Another example of regenerative tourism is community-based munity-based tourism involves staying with local communities and participating in their cultural activities, such as our Buffalo Curd Experience in Sri Lanka, or our Rice Wine Trek in Laos. Regenerative tourism can also involve the use of sustainable and regenerative practices in the tourism industry itself. For example, hotels can use renewable energy
sources, reduce their water consumption, and use sustainable materials in their construction.
The benefits of regenerative tourism are many. However, carrying out regenerative tourism practices requires a shift in mindset and a commitment to sustainability. It requires tourism businesses to not only minimize their negative impact but to actively contribute to the regeneration of the environment and communities. It requires
tourists to be conscious of their impact and to choose travel options in line with their values.
In conclusion, regenerative tourism is a promising concept that has the potential to transform the travel industry. By actively contributing to the regeneration of local ecosystems, economies, and cultures, regenerative
tourism can create a better future for both people and the planet.
37 ．What is the aim of the regenerative tourism
A ．To attract more investments.
B ．To highlight the advantages of tourism.
C ．To protect conventional economy and culture.
D ．To promote a renewable and sustainable tourism.
38 ．Why has the regenerative tourism regained public interest recently
A ．Tourism industry has globally boomed.
B ．People have suffered from the pandemic.
C ．People show more concern about environment.
D ．Regenerative tourism has been practised for long.
39 ．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A ．The definition of ecotourism.
B ．The illustration of regenerative tourism.
C ．Environmental conservation practices.
D ．Reasonable doubts about regenerative tourism.
40 ．What might the writer agree with according to the last two paragraphs
A ．Regenerative tourism has a bright future.
B ．Tourists can choose whatever travel they like.
C ．Travel industry is able to transform regenerative tourism.
D ．Regenerative tourism can be practiced in traditional ways.
(
【答案】
37
．
D 38
．
C 39
．
B 40
．
A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍再生旅游。再生旅游是一个很有前途的概念，有
可能改变旅游业。
)
(
通过积极促进当地生态系统、经济和文化的再生，再生旅游可以为人类和地球创造更美好的未来。
37
．推理判断题。根据第一段
“Regenerative tourism is concept that is gaining attraction in
th
e
travel
industry.
It
is
different
from
sustainable
tourism
in
that
it
goes
beyond just
minimizing
the
ne
gative
impact
of tourism.
It
is
a
philosophy
that
aims
to
not
only
minimize
the
negative
impact
of
tourism
but
also
to
actively
contribute
to
the
regeneration of
local ecosystems, economies,
and cultures.
（再生旅游是旅游业中越来越受欢迎的概念。它不同
于可持续旅游，因为它不仅仅是最小化旅游的负面影响。这一理念不仅旨在最大限度地
减少旅游业的负面
影响， 而且还积极促进当地生态系统、经济和文化的再生。
）
”
可知， 再生旅游的目的是促进可再生和可持
续的旅游业。故选
D
。
38
．细节理解题。根据第二段中
“it has gained renewed in
terest in recent years due to the growing
awareness
of
the
impact of tourism on the environment and the need for sustainable travel practice
s, particularly
post-pandemic-indeed
it
could
even be
argued that,
as t
he
global tourism
industry
and those
who
depend
on
it
start
to
recover
,
tourism
in
itself
is
a
regenerative
act
.
（近年来，由于人们日益认识到旅游对环境的影响
和可持续旅
游做法的必要性，特别是在大流行病之后，旅游业重新引起了人们的兴趣
——
实际上，甚
至可以说，随着
全球旅游业和依赖旅游业的人开始复苏，
旅游业本身就是一种再生行为。）
”
可知， 再生旅游最近之所以重
新引起了公众的兴趣，是因为人们越来越关心环境。故选
C
。
39
．主旨大意。根据第三段第一句
“
One
example
of
regenerative
tourism
is
ecotourism
.
（再
生旅游的一个例子
是生态旅游。）
”
和倒数第二句
“
Regenerative
tourism
can
also
involve
the
use
of
sustainable
and
regenerative practices in the tourism industry itself.
（再生旅游也可以涉及在旅游业本身使用可持续和再生的做法。）
”
可
知，第三段主要谈论
“
再生旅游的例证。
”
故选
B
。
40
．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中
“
The
benefits
of
regenerative
tourism
are
many
.
（再生旅游的好处很
多。）
”
和最后一段
“In conclusion,regenerative tourism
is
a promising
conc
ept that
has
the
potential
to
transform
the
travel
industry.
By
actively
contributing
t
o
the
regeneration
of
local
ecosystems,
economies,
and
cultures,
regenerative tourism can create a b
etter future for both people
and the planet.
（总之，再生旅游是一个很有前途的
概念，有可能改变旅游业。通过积极促进当地生态系统、经济和文化的再生，再生旅
游可以为人类和地球
创造更美好的未来。）
”
可知，根据最后两段，作
者可能会同意
“
再生旅游有着光明的未来。
”
故选
A
。
)

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