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Unit 5 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress同步练习 2021-2022学年人教版高中英语必修第一册
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、语法填空
1．The manager had her assistant (buy) some hot dogs for the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Men and women must be treated (equal) in education and employment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．It is required that the composition should be (relate) to the students’ life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．I acquired a good knowledge of that after I read the (describe) in the museum. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．Our teacher demands that we (exercise) for an hour every day to have good health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6． (listen) to English radio programmes helps him get used to how fast native speakers talk. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．The villagers used to walk a mile (fetch) water but now they can get clean water easily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．I am sorry to hear that you are faced with great challenges and having trouble (adjust) to your senior high school life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
二、完成句子
9．Choosing the right bike (依靠) what you want to use it for. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
10．The food in England is strange at first but you’ll soon (习惯) it. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
11．In many respects Asian women think that they are (与……平等) men.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
12．I had a close friend in my college who was two years (比……年长) me. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
13．Little Tom has (……有麻烦) physics ever since he was in junior Grade Two. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
14．That (打开了通向……的窗子) the world at the beginning of China’s opening up. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
15．Researchers are trying to low exam results (把……和……联系起来) large class sizes. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
16．The police his fingerprints (把……和……比较) those found at the crime scene. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
三、翻译
17．学了就用也是个好主意。(as soon as)(汉译英)
18．我英语口语很好，但是在拼写方面有麻烦。(have trouble with)(汉译英)
19．我经常听我自己的声音，把我的发音和说本族语的人相比较。(compare...with...)(汉译英)
20．我现在无法决定是否去海南度假。(whether to do)(汉译英)
21．老师要求我们的作业明天早晨上交。(demand that...)(汉译英)
22．房间里太热了。你介意打开窗子吗 (mind doing)(汉译英)
四、阅读理解
And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English. On this program we explore terms and expressions in the English language. And today we talk about a word that will help you talk about the best of times. That word is heyday. If you are in your heyday you are in your prime. You are at the peak of your abilities. You are having your best days ever!
Some people had their heydays when they were young, maybe in college or high school. They consider themselves past their prime. They might talk about those past experiences only and not plan for new experiences in the future. These people might be stuck in their glory days. Other things besides people can have a heyday. If you are at the pinnacle of success, you could say your career is having a heyday. Also, a place, like a city, can have a heyday and so can an industry.
For example, I grew up in the rust belt of West Virginia. In its heyday, my hometown was known for its steel industry. In fact, every man in my family worked in the steel mills. But when the industry shrank, the steel factory jobs disappeared. The city fell on hard times and today is still trying to recover.
However, many other parts of West Virginia are having a tourism heyday because of the beautiful natural environment.
So, where does the word heyday come from Some word experts say that it first appeared in English in the 16th century as an interjection. An interjection is a word or cry (such as “ouch”) that expresses a sudden or strong feeling. So, “heyday” was used to express extreme happiness or wonder. Around the same time, “heyday” was also used as a noun meaning “high spirits.”
Meriam-Webster online dictionary says it was not until the 18th century that the word was used to mean “the period when one’s achievement or popularity has reached its zenith.” Usually, we use heyday in the singular form.
Saying the plural is a little less common. And that’s all the time we have for this Words and Their Stories. Until next time, I’m Anna Matteo.
23．Which of the situations is proper to use the word “heyday”？
A．A rich man B．A hard period
C．A significant event D．A popular place
24．What does “zenith” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．peak B．quality C．quantity D．bottom
25．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．How to learn English
B．Words and their stories
C．Heyday’ —The Best of Times
D．An introduction of the idioms
26．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．a TV show B．a radio program
C．a language salon D．a speech competition
One of the most important ways to learn and master the English language is to read, read, and read. It is said that a good reader is also a good writer and a good speaker. However, in today’s world, reading is something that most children dislike doing.
There are simply so many distractions that books, magazines, and newspapers are often ignored and they are in favor of video games and movies. And while video games and movies also play a role in helping the child learn the English language, they still can’t quite compare to reading.
And as a result, kids are learning less and less. Take a look at an elementary level textbook. You’ll notice that the books for elementary students are filled with pictures and colors. Those pictures and colors in the elementary level textbooks aren’t there just for the sake(缘由)of design. Colors and pictures make us more engaged in the act of learning grammar. They catch our attention and help us retain(保留)more of what we read. This is especially true for little children who enjoy fun English.
Children are quite easily distracted. When you ask them to sit down and read quietly, their minds will often wander and it won’t take long before you find them doodling(涂鸦)and not doing what you told them to do. But if a book is colorful enough to catch a kid’s attention, then you’ll have a better chance at getting the kid to sit down long enough to learn English.
The same principle holds true for interactivity(互动). Like colors and pictures, interactive reading materials like English songs for kids also get the child engaged in what he or she is learning. Interactive reading materials get the child to focus since using them is almost like playing.
27．Which may be the reason why children don’t like reading
A．They prefer newspapers. B．They prefer films.
C．They prefer magazines. D．They prefer books.
28．Children will be interested in books that are________.
A．full of pictures B．explained clearly C．written clearly D．easy
29．What can colorful books help the children do
A．Do what they prefer. B．Have a good time.
C．Fix their attention for a longer time. D．Sit still and quietly.
30．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Reading is one of the most important ways in learning language.
B．All the books are full of pictures and colors.
C．Interactivity and colorful designs are important to learn English.
D．Interactive reading is very interesting for children.
五、书信写作
31．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Paul目前在中国学习汉语。近日，他发来邮件询问提升汉语听力的建议。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示理解；
2. 给出建议；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数100-120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达
32．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Willie' s aunt sent him for a birthday present a little writing book. There was a place in the book for a pencil. Willie thought a great deal of this little book, and always kept it in his pocket.
One day, his mother was very busy, and he called his dog, and said, “Come, Caper, let us have a play." When Willie' s mother missed him, she went to the door and looked out, and could not see him anywhere； but she knew that Caper was with him, and thought they would come back before long. She waited an hour, and still they did not come. When she came to the gate by the road, she met Mr. Lee, Willie's father, and told him how long Willie had been gone. Mr. Lee thought he must have gone to sleep under the trees. So they went to all the trees under which Willie was in the habit of playing, but he was not here to be found. By this time the sun had gone down the news that Willie was lost soon spread over the neighborhood, and all the men and women turned out to hunt. They hunted all night. The next morning the neighbors were gathered round, and all were trying to think what to do next, when Caper came bounding into the room.
There was a string tied round his neck, and a bit of paper tied to it. Mr. Lee, took the paper, and saw that it was a letter from Willie, He read it aloud. It said, "0, father! Come to me. I am in the big hole in the pasture (牧场)."
Everybody ran at once to the far corner of the pasture； and there was Willie, alive and well in the shaft (通风井). Oh, how glad he was when his father caught him in his arms, and lifted him out!
Now I will tell you how Willie came to be in the shaft and the whole story. He and Caper went to the pasture field, and came to the edge of the shaft and sat down. In bending over to see how deep it was, he lost his balance and fell in.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
He tried very hard to get out, but could not.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When he awoke, it was morning, and he began to think of a way to get out.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．buy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理让她的助手为会议买了一些热狗。have sb. do sth.为固定用法，意为“让某人做某事”，接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填buy。
2．equally
【详解】考查副词。句意：必须在教育和就业方面平等对待男女。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词treat；equal的副词为equally“平等地”。故填equally。
3．related
【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：要求作文要跟学生的生活相关。这里缺少表语，形容词作表语。故填related。
4．descriptions
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我在博物馆里读了描述之后，对此有了很好的了解。根据空前the可知填名词作宾语；description意为“描述，说明”，此处是可数名词，表泛指，用其复数形式。故填descriptions。
5．should exercise/exercise
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时以保持身体健康。that引导宾语从句，空处在从句中作谓语，表示要求的动词demand后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填(should) exercise。
6．Listening
【详解】考查动名词。句意：听英文广播节目帮他习惯了外国人的快语速。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词是helps,所以该空应该填listen的非谓语动词形式。根据句意可知“听英语广播”是一个长期的、习惯性的动作，所以应该用listen的动名词形式来作主语，故填Listening。
7．to fetch
【详解】考查不定式。句意：村民们过去常常走一英里路去取水，但现在他们可以很容易地得到干净的水。设空处在句中作目的状语，用fetch的不定式to fetch。故填to fetch。
8．adjusting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听说你面临着巨大的挑战并且很难适应你的高中生活，对此我感到很遗憾。have trouble doing固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故填adjusting。
9． depends on
【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：自行车的选择取决于你要用它来做什么。depend on表示“依赖，取决于”。动名词作主语，看作第三人称单数，且句子陈述现在的事情，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填depends；on。
10． get used/accustomed to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：刚开始，英国的食物很奇怪，但很快你就会习惯它。get used/accustomed to表示习惯于……，符合句意。前面是will，所以get要用原形。故填get used/accustomed to。
11． equal to
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在许多方面，亚洲女性认为她们与男性是平等的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。表示“与……平等”用equal to。故填equal to。
12． senior to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我在大学里有一个亲密的朋友，他比我大两岁。结合句意可知短语为senior to，故填senior to。
13． had trouble with
【详解】考查固定用法和时态。句意：自从初中二年级开始，小汤姆身体就有问题。have trouble with表示……有麻烦。Since是现在完成时的标志词，故主句要用现在完成时。故填had；trouble；with。
14． opened a window to
【详解】考查时态和固定用法。句意：在中国开放的初期，那打开了通向世界的窗户。open a window to 表示为……打开了窗户。在中国开放的初期，说明时态为过去式。故填opened a window to。
15． relate to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：研究人员正试图将考试成绩低与班级规模大联系起来。分析句子，句中表示“把……和……联系起来”使用固定短语relate...to...；此处使用动词原形与空前to构成不定式结构。故填relate；to。
16． compared with
【详解】考查动词。句意：警方将他的指纹与犯罪现场发现的指纹进行了比较。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“把……和……比较”用compare...with...。故填compared；with。
17．It is also a good idea to apply something as soon as you learn it.
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“做……是个好主意”可以写成固定句型，it is a good idea to do，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，“也”为also，“学了就用”理解为“一学习了就用”，应用as soon as(一……就……)来引导状语从句，翻译为apply something as soon as you learn it，故整句翻译为It is also a good idea to apply something as soon as you learn it.
18．I am good at spoken English, but I have trouble with spelling.
【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。擅长做某事为be good at，主语是I，谓语动词要用am。有……麻烦为have trouble with。英语口语为spoken English。故翻译为I am good at spoken English，but I have trouble with spelling.
19．I often listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the native speakers’.
【详解】考查时态。表示“经常”用often，由此句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“听我自己的声音”用listen to myself；表示“和……比较”用compare...with；表示“我的发音”用my pronunciation；表示“本族语的人发音”用the native speakers’。故翻译为I often listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the native speakers’.
20．I can’t decide whether to go to Hainan for my holiday now.
【详解】考查动词及不定式。表示“决定”应用动词decide，表示“我无法决定”应用I can't decide；表示“是否去海南度假”应为为whether to go to Hainan for my holiday，此处为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作动词decide的宾语。故翻译为I can’t decide whether to go to Hainan for my holiday now。
21．The teacher demanded that our homework(should) be handed in tomorrow morning.
【详解】考查动词。表示“要求某人做某事”用demand that sb should do sth。当表示命令，要求，请求的动词后接宾语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气即should do的结构，should可以省略。表示“上交”用hand in；此处“作业”“上交”之间是被动关系，故使用情态动词的被动结构。同时句子表述的是过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故翻译为The teacher demanded that our homework(should) be handed in tomorrow morning。
22．It’s too hot in the room. Would you mind opening the window
【详解】考查固定用法、形容词和名词。mind doing 表示“介意做某事”，hot表示“热的”，open the window“打开窗户”。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为It’s too hot in the room. Would you mind opening the window 。
23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了单词“heyday”（盛世）的起源、意义和用法。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Also, a place, like a city, can have a heyday and so can an industry.”（此外，一个地方，如一个城市，可以有一个全盛时期，一个行业也可以。）可知D项“A popular place”（受欢迎的地点）符合语境。故选D项。
24．词义猜测题。根据第一段中“If you are in your heyday you are in your prime. You are at the peak of your abilities.”（如果你处于你的全盛时期，你就处于你的黄金时期。你正处于你能力的顶峰。）可推知这里表示直到18世纪，这个词才被用来表示“一个人的成就或知名度达到顶峰的时期”。A.peak顶峰；B.quality质量；C.quantity数量；D.bottom底端。通过语境翻译可知，A项peak“顶峰”符合文意。故选A项。
25．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“If you are in your heyday you are in your prime. You are at the peak of your abilities.You are having your best days ever!”（如果你处于你的全盛时期，你就处于你的黄金时期。你正处于你能力的顶峰。你正经历着你最美好的时光!）并通读全文可知，这篇文章讲述的是“heyday”（盛世）的起源、意义和用法。C项Heyday —The Best of Times（Heyday —全盛时期）具有高度概括性， 符合作为标题的特点。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段中“And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English.”（现在是VOA学习英语的《单词和它们的故事》。）并结合常识可知VOA是广播节目。故选B项。
【点睛】
27．B 28．A 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读是学习语言最重要的方式之一。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are simply so many distractions that books, magazines, and newspapers are often ignored and they are in favor of video games and movies. (有太多的干扰以至于书、杂志和报纸常常被忽视，而他们更喜欢电子游戏和电影)”可知，孩子们不喜欢读书可能是因为他们更喜欢玩游戏、看电影等，故选B项。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You'll notice that the books for elementary students are filled with pictures and colors. Those pictures and colors in the elementary level textbooks aren't there just for the sake (缘由) of design. Colors and pictures make us more engaged in the act of learning grammar. (你会注意到小学生的书中充满了图片和颜色。小学教科书中的那些图片和颜色不仅仅是为了设计。颜色和图片让我们更积极地学习语法)”可知，孩子们会对充满图画的书感兴趣，故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Colors and pictures make us more engaged in the act of learning grammar. They catch our attention and help us retain (保留) more of what we read. (颜色和图片让我们更积极地学习语法。它们吸引我们的注意力，帮助我们保留更多的阅读内容)”以及第四段中的“But if a book is colorful enough to catch a kid’s attention, then you’ll have a better chance at getting the kid to sit down long enough to learn English. (但是，如果一本书足够丰富多彩，能够吸引孩子的注意力，那么你就有更好的机会让孩子坐下来学习英语)”可知，丰富多彩的书籍可以帮助孩子们更长时间地集中注意力，故选C项。
30．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“One of the most important ways to learn and master the English language is to read, read, and read. (学习和掌握英语最重要的方法之一是读，读，再读)”,结合文章之后论述孩子不喜欢阅读的原因和如何让孩子们安静下来阅读，可知，这篇文章的主旨是阅读是学习语言最重要的方式之一，故选A项。
31．Dear Paul,
Hearing that you run into difficulties with your Chinese listening, I’m writing to express my concern and offer you some advice on how to learn it well.
Your problem is so common among foreign learners that you needn’t worry too much. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect! So it’s a good idea to practice Chinese daily. Besides, listening to Chinese radio programs is a better choice, which can not only entertain you, but also improve your listening skills. Additionally, you can communicate with your Chinese teacher who can tell you how to improve your Chinese listening ability effectively.
I hope my advice can be helpful! Wish you all the best.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Paul写一封邮件，针对如何提升汉语听力能力给出你的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
每天：daily→every day
此外：besides→what’s more
有帮助的，有用的：helpful→useful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So it’s a good idea to practice Chinese daily.
拓展句：So I think it’s a good idea to practice Chinese daily.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, listening to Chinese radio programs is a better choice, which can not only entertain you, but also improve your listening skills.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, you can communicate with your Chinese teacher who can tell you how to improve your Chinese listening ability effectively.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）
32．He tried very hard to get out, but could not. When the good little dog saw that his master was in the shaft, he would not leave him, but ran round and round, reaching down and trying to pull him out .But while Caper was pulling Willie by the coat sleeves, a piece of sod gave way under his feet, and he fell in too. Willie called for his father and mother as loud as he could call but he was so far away from the house that no one could hear him. He cried and called till it was dark, and then he lay down on the ground, and Caper lay down close beside him. It was not long before Willie cried himself in sleep.
When he awoke, it was morning, and he began to think of a way to get out. The little writing book that his aunt had given him was in his pocket. He took it out, and after a good deal of trouble, wrote the letter to his father. Then he tore the leaf out, and took a string out of his pocket, and tied it round Caper’s neck, and tied the letter to the string. Then he lifted the dog up, and helped him out, and said to him, “Go home, Caper, go home!” The little dog scampered away, and was soon at home.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Willie和他的狗出去玩儿，很久都没有回来，后来狗Caper回来的时候脖子上系着一根绳子，上面系着一张小纸片，是Willie的求救纸条，Willie的爸爸看了以后扎到了Willie并把他从井里救了上去。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他非常努力地想逃出去，但是逃不出去。”可知，第一段可描写狗也掉下井及Willie呼救。
②由第二段首句内容“当他醒来时，已经是早晨了，他开始想办法出去。”可知，第二段可描写Willie想到的出去的办法是什么。
2.续写线索：狗掉下井——Willie呼救——拿出书写本写求救信——狗回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①掉进：fall in/drop in
②大喊：call/shout
③写信：write the letter/drop a line
④跑开：scamper away/run away
情绪类
①大声地：loud/aloud
【点睛】[高分句型1]Willie called for his father and mother as loud as he could call but he was so far away from the house that no one could hear him.（由连接词that引导的结果状语从句）
[高分句型2]The little writing book that his aunt had given him was in his pocket. （由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句）
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