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决胜新高考——2024届高三年级大联考
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is wrong with the man’s marker pen
A．It is out of ink. B．It is too small. C．It is of the wrong color.
2．What does the woman suggest the man do
A．Take deep breaths. B．Write words on cards. C．Memorize the speech.
3．Where are the speakers probably
A．In a photography studio. B．In a photography class. C．At a photography exhibition.
4．How long has the woman been coughing
A．For three months. B．For two months. C．For a month.
5．Which is usually the man’s best subject
A．English. B．Physics. C．Maths.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the man give up playing soccer
A．The weather is bad. B．The park is closed. C．He has to attend a wedding.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Brother and sister. C．Husband and wife.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What are the speakers doing
A．Having a drink. B．Climbing a mountain. C．Taking a rest.
9．How does the man sound
A．Cheerless. B．Positive. C．Calm.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What will the man do after finishing his degree
A．Go to graduate school. B．Start his own business. C．Work at a company.
11．What does Tony probably do
A．He’s a repairman. B．He’s an engineer. C．He’s a chairman.
12．What does Tony’s company sell
A．Software. B．Computer parts. C．Internet services.
听第9 段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What kind of race will the woman run
A．Short distance. B．Medium distance. C．A marathon.
14．Which season is it now probably
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Fall.
15．Why didn’t the woman exercise today
A．The gym was too far. B．The gym was closed. C．The gym was fully booked.
16．How will the woman complain
A．Through the website. B．Through email. C．Through the phone.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the main topic of the talk
A．Details of ancient history.
B．Stories of 20th-century explorers.
C．Development of modern technology.
18．How does the speaker describe Percy Fawcett
A．Energetic. B．Mysterious. C．Crazy.
19．When did Percy Fawcett start exploring
A．Around 1850． B．Around 1900． C．Around 1950.
20．Who wrote The Lost World
A．Percy Fawcett.
B．Joao da Silva Guimaraes.
C．Arthur Conan Doyle.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This year Art- will continue to provide community art guides as we have been doing it for the past 24 years.
Halvorsen Fine Art Gallery
Established in Houston Historic Art District, at Sawyer Yards, Halvorsen Fine Art Gallery with 2,000 square feet features amazing paintings of landscapes and seascapes by impressionistic artists. In addition to hosting artist exhibitions, it provides art consultation services for collectors, designers and art enthusiasts.
Art of the World Gallery
The gallery provides a contemporary, complex and rich cultural experience for art enthusiasts and collectors from all around the world. Directly representing some of the most important living artists from Asia, Europe, and Latin America, Art of the World Gallery is one of the most famous galleries in the state, located in Houston’s finest hotspot for locals and tourists.
Zatista Contemporary and Fine Art
With over 4,000 works from the most talented emerging and established artists, Zatista provides access to the types of works previously only available to seasoned collectors. Buying online with Zatista is easy with their free art consultation, certificates of authenticity （真实性）, and a buyer guarantee that allows you to try art in your home with free returns.
John Palmer Fine Art
It’s located in the avenue in the Historic Heights. The combination of a saved 1930’s bungalow （平方） with museum-quality new construction is the perfect atmosphere to showcase the great works of artist John Ross Palmer. John Palmer Fine Art is open by appointment only. You can set an appointment by calling 713-861-6726．We look forward to showing you the beautiful world of John Palmer Fine Art!
21．What is the purpose of Art-
A．Collecting artworks. B．Offering art information.
C．Helping seasoned artists. D．Founding art organizations.
22．What can visitors do in Halvorsen Fine Art Gallery
A．Hold personal exhibitions. B．Obtain authentic certificates.
C．Get a taste of different cultures. D．Appreciate impressionist paintings.
23．What can we learn about John Palmer Fine Art
A．It is in Houston’s best spot. B．It offers art consultation services.
C．It exhibits the works of only one artist. D．It can be visited without an appointment.
B
I was attacked by a tiger shark in late October 1997．It was near my home on the island of Kauai—a typical fall morning with friends. The waves were really good, so nothing was stopping us. That is until a large shark came right up under me and sank his teeth into my lower leg. There had been no splashing, no noise, and I felt no pain, only great pressure on my lower body.
Then I followed my instinct: I punched the shark in the face, again and again which happens to be what the expert advice, until the shark released me. As I swam back into shore, I felt my lower right leg spasming（痉挛）. When I looked down, I realized it was gone. The shark had bit my lower leg off. My friends rushed to my aid, and rushed me to hospital.
It was another day before the “fog” lifted, at which point I opened my eyes and realized I was in the hospital—a below-the-knee amputee（截肢）. For the next few bedridden weeks, I spent time with my family, and considered the future.
As soon as I was given the OK by my doctors, I did what many of us might consider unthinkable: I started riding the waves again. In fact, my first time back was near the site of his attack. I was unshaken and curious—Was it because of the tides The phase of the moon I also recalled that the morning of the attack the water had a fishy smell. Was that what attracted the shark
I was determined to research sharks, and I did learn something that would change my life: Humans are far more dangerous to sharks than the other way around, I tell Reader’s Digest. “I watched a documentary called Sharkwater, and I learned about the demand for shark fin soup and the fact that 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins alone.”
My unique situation as a shark survivor empowered me to give sharks a voice. I began working with the Hawaii state legislature to help pass a ban on shark-derived products. I partnered with other like-minded shark attack survivors and marine biologists, and we headed to Washington to urge senators to create a nationwide bill protecting sharks.
24．What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs
A．The missing leg. B．The shark attack.
C．The timely rescue. D．The expert’s advice.
25．Why did the author ride the waves again
A．To go on with his unshaken hobby. B．To figure out why he became a target.
C．To keep track of the phase of the moon. D．To explore why the water had a fishy smell.
26．What did the author find after he recovered
A．Humans tend to ignore the dangers. B．Humans can’t survive without sharks.
C．Sharks pose a greater threat to humans. D．Sharks are in urgent need of protection.
27．What does author imply in the last paragraph
A．He is speaking in favor of sharks. B．He argues against the bill about sharks.
C．There is widespread doubt about sharks. D．People should give sharks a preference.
C
Guangdong Dongpo Paper, a paper company in Guangdong Province, China, recently made international headlines for replacing its traditional performance-based employee bonus scheme with another one. To promote a healthy lifestyle among its 100 employees, management decided to reward them based on how much they exercise. For example, an employee will be eligible for a full monthly bonus if they run 50 km a month. They will get 60 percent of the bonus for running 40 km, and 30 percent for 30km. Running enthusiasts may stand to get up to an 30% bonus if they can prove they ran over 100 km in a single month.
“My business can only endure if my employees are healthy,” said Dongpo Paper boss, LinZhiyong, said, adding that he spent the last three years encouraging his employees to enjoy sports and fitness.
The distance run by every employee is tracked by an app on their phones, which also takes into account activities like mountain hiking and speed walking, which can account for 60 and 30 percent respectively of the total exercise required. The program has proven a great success, and Lin Zhiyong, himself somewhat of an exercise enthusiast , claims that all employees qualify to get the full bonus.
According to Chinese media, Dongpo Paper employees couldn’t be happier with the new bonus structure, claiming that the company now allows them to “kill two birds with one stone” as they “can get both health and money.” But while the new policy has been getting generally positive feedback online, some netizens it can lead to discrimination.
“The intention of the company’s policy is good but it should take into consideration any existing health issues among its employees,” one person commented online, asking what the policy is for employees who are at risk of heart attacks or are otherwise unable to meet the bonus requirements.
Others accused Guangdong Dongpo Paper of putting its employees’ health at risk by setting very high bonus thresholds for them. Some netizens believe that employees could ruin their knees by chasing these goals.
28．Why does the scheme of Guangdong Dongpo Paper become a hit
A．It favors those who ra n 30km most. B．It defines what a healthy lifestyle is.
C．It is based on athletic performances. D．It is to promote a traditional lifestyle.
29．What may Lin Zhiyong agree with
A．When work is a pleasure, life is joy. B．Constant dripping wears away a stone.
C．Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. D．The health of employees is the wealth of employers.
30．What’s Dongpo Paper employee’s response towards this scheme
A．Cautious. B．Positive. C．Concerned. D．Negative.
31．What is the major concern on the Internet
A．The employee’s physical conditions. B．The impractical bonus requirements.
C．The slim chance of chasing the goals. D．The risk of developing heart diseases.
D
Research led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam shows that birds are affected by the mass use of fireworks on New Year’s Eve up to a distance of 10 km（6 miles）away.
With data from weather radars and bird counts an international team of researchers revealed how many birds take off immediately after the start of the fireworks, at what distance from fireworks this occurs and which species groups mainly react. “Birds take off as a result of an acute flight response due to sudden noise and light. We already knew that many water birds react strongly, but now we also see the effect on other birds throughout the Netherlands,” says ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam. In the scientific journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, the researchers therefore argue for large fireworks-free zones.
Last year, other researchers at IBED discovered that geese are so affected by fireworks that they spend an average of 10% longer looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days. They apparently need that time to restore their energy to their former condition, after fleeing from the fireworks.
Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live within a radius of 2.5k m of inhabited areas, the consequences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. “Flying requires a lot of energy, so ideally birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter months. Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests and semi-open habitats. In addition, smaller birds such as tits and finches live there, which are less likely to fly away from disturbance.”
The authors argue for fireworks-free zones in areas where large birds live. Hoekstra: “These buffer zones could be smaller in areas where light and sound travel less far, such as near forests. Furthermore, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible. It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone shows or decorative fireworks without very loud bangs.”
32．What can we learn about the research
A．It’s the first one about fireworks’ effects on birds.
B．It’s conducted by collecting data from weather radars.
C．It shows the extent of the fireworks’ influence on birds.
D．It keeps track of birds throughout Netherlands and beyond.
33．Why did geese spend more time looking for food
A．To make up for the lost energy. B．To store more food in case.
C．To find a new source of energy. D．To find a place without fireworks.
34．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in Para. 4 mean
A．Predictable. B．Noticeable. C．Admirable. D．Avoidable.
35．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Panic in the air B．Fireworks-free zones
C．Fireworks in the world D．Birds throughout the country
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychologists offer their best tips for working or making progress as planned, expected, or desired. Here is their guide to making and keeping your plans.
Don’t assume that your plan has to be ambitious. “What’s much more important than setting a grand goal, like running a marathon, is to set an immediate plan that you can start right away,” says Charles Duhigg, the author of The Power of Habit. “ 36 But many people fail to realize this.”
Whether you are making a new habit from scratch or changing an old habit, decide on the cue and the reward. “The cue could be a time, a place, or a feeling, while the reward must be instantaneous（即时的）,” explains Wendy Wood, an expert from the University of Southern California. 37 The prize needs to be immediate, something that makes the behavior fun.”
Make it easy. A recent study showed that people who travelled 8 km to the gym went once a month, but people who travelled 6 km went five or more times a month. That 2 km makes the difference between having a good exercise habit and not. 38 Thus, you’re more likely to achieve more.
Be less critical of yourself. According to an expert, the biggest barrier to new habits is self-criticism. 39 Research shows that you should be kind or supportive to yourself.
40 Gretchen Rubin, the author of Better Than Before, says it is crucial to avoid listening to the excuses that make your habits falter（动摇）, for example,“I can’t go on a run tomorrow because I have to do another thing.”Recognizing them in advance can make them less powerful. That’s the thing about excuses when you realize you’re doing it, you’re much more likely to resist.
A．Spot your excuses.
B．People who do this tend to be rewarded.
C．Try to remove the barriers as best as you can.
D．Don’t buy a new pair of shoes at the end of the week.
E．It is related with less motivation and worse self-control.
F．That is how your habitual mind works and it has to be easy.
G．Start with baby steps like running half a mile every Monday morning.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet. 41 , Diana Trujill has made it— she is a（n） 42 now, leading a 45-person team that’s responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover（探测器）. Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science. When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any 43 , she followed her dad’s 44 . Arriving in the U. S. with just $300, Trujillo had to 45 through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The 46 was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained.
Then came another 47 moment for Trujillo. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with. 48 she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to 49 Trujillo’s career goals. So she 50 her studies in space science and 51 became the first Hispanic（拉丁裔的） woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America’s space agency.
But Diana hasn’t 52 there. She also leads by example, 53 women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a 54 that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to 55 the stars.
41．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover
42．A．astronaut B．engineer C．pilot D．doctor
43．A．hesitation B．complaint C．expectation D．promise
44．A．command B．footstep C．request D．suggestion
45．A．go B．pass C．struggle D．push
46．A．mission B．career C．adventure D．process
47．A．risk-taking B．life-changing C．time-consuming D．energy-saving
48．A．Realizing B．Remembering C．Imagining D．Assuming
49．A．record B．share C．inspire D．finish
50．A．started B．abandoned C．suspended D．continued
51．A．immediately B．eventually C．gradually D．suddenly
52．A．left B．succeeded C．stopped D．reached
53．A．encouraging B．promising C．allowing D．persuading
54．A．symbol B．notice C．warning D．reminder
55．A．stare at B．reach for C．long for D．come after
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, Quzhou, a city in the western part of Zhejiang province, 56 （know） as a center for spreading Confucianism. However, with time it lost its 57 （significant）, and some people cannot even pronounce the city’s name 58 （correct）, as the first character, qu, is written in a complicated way.
Quzhou, 59 （boast） a population of about 2.27 million, has become one of the most popular tour destinations for young Chinese this year, thanks to the 60 （power） impact of a number of pop stars, who have added the city to their performance schedules.
In March 2023, singer-songwriter Xue Zhiqian held two concerts at the Quzhou Sports Center, which was designed by architect Ma Yansong 61 has a capacity of more than 30,000．Hotels in the city reported record-setting occupancy levels, even though they raised their room rates due to the surging demand.
The nation’s booming performing arts scene has also helped promote tourism, a report 62 （release） by the China Association of Performing Arts said. Large cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province, are no strangers 63 pop stars drawing up tour plans. However, 64 handful of third-tier and lower-tier cities were also included in artists’ schedules.
Since March, Quzhou 65 （stage） concerts by other pop stars, including Jeff Chang and Alex To, along with music festivals and galas featuring singers such as Li Yuchun and Pu Shu.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信说他暑假去上海旅游，但不知道参观哪些景点，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．为他做出旅游规划建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain. I still remember I was out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved the challenge of conquering something bigger than myself. I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen, whom I’d met in a Facebook group. Two years ago, on December 30, when I was 16, she and I drove to Oregon to tackle 11,240-foot Mount Hood.
It’s safer to start winter climbs at night when there’s less risk of the sun melting the snow pack. That day, we started at 3 A．m., following the paths alongside the ski runs. The temperature was about 14 degrees, and we wore layers we could easily remove, knowing the physical effort would make us warm. Along the way, we met two other climbers, and the four of us continued on together.
After about five hours, we reached Devil’s Kitchen, a plateau at about 10,000 feet, just before the final push to the top. By this point, the wind conditions were unpleasant. My exposed skin felt as though it were burning. The other climbers decided to turn back, but Mel and I went ahead. We had ice axes（破冰斧）, helmets, and crampons（带铁钉鞋底）. We were prepared for the climb.
The trail we followed grew narrower and steeper. At around 9 a. m., we reached a patch of ice called an ice step. It was about 1 meter tall and sloped（倾斜） at a 75-degree angle. I volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
You gain a sense of the ice when you stick your ax and crampons into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a crack, and a whole slab of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
In an instant, I fell backward. __________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help. ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
决胜新高考——2024届高三年级大联考
英语参考答案
一、听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5 ABACA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15CBBAC 16-20 CBABC
二、阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
21-25BDCBB 26-30 DACDB 31-35ACABA
第二节（共5 小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
36-40 GDFEA
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
41-45CBADC 46-50 DBACD 51-55 BCADB
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
56．was known 57．significance 58．correctly 59．boasting 60．powerful
61．and 62．released 63．to 64．a 65．has staged
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15分）
Dear Mike,
I am thrilled to hear that you are planning a visit to Shanghai during the summer vacation. Here is my travel plan for you.
Following our travel plan, we would go to the Shanghai Tower by train. The Shanghai Tower is the landmark building of Shanghai, showing us a breathtaking view from one of the world’s highest viewing platforms. Our second stop is the Yu Garden. With many unique plants, the garden can offer us a chance to climb to the top of the Great Rockery and get a bird’s-eye view of it. Then we will reach the Bund. The Bund has such an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline that it attracts visitors all over the world every year.
I hope these suggestions will be helpful. If you have any other questions, please feel free to let me know. I look forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25 分）
One possible version
In an instant, I fell backward. I could hear Mel calling my name, my heart racing and my mind going blank. After a few seconds, I hit the ground with a bang, my limbs feeling numb. I closed my eyes. Minutes passed, or maybe hours. I wasn’t sure. Gradually, my senses returned, and I became aware of a gentle touch on my arm. Opening my eyes, I saw Mel kneeling beside me, her face filled with worry.“Are you okay ”she asked, her voice trembling.
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help. Other climbers came. One explained our situation to the emergency service. We waited anxiously before the rescue finally arrived. Then I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to hospital. I stayed there for a week, knowing that I had survived what could have ended tragically. We learned an important lesson: even with the best equipment and preparation, mountaineering can still be extremely dangerous. From then on, we climbed with even more caution and respect for nature’s power.
解析：
一、听力（共20题 满分30分）
解析略，听力原文附后。
二、阅读（共20题 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
A
本文介绍了休斯顿的四个可以欣赏艺术作品的地方。
21．B。细节理解题。根据第一段Art-Collecting com will continue to provide community art guides可知，这个网站主要提供关于艺术方面的信息。
22．D。细节理解题。根据对Halvorsen Fine Art Gallery的介绍中Halvorsen Fine Art Gallery with 2,000 square feet features amazing paintings of landscapes and seascapes by impressionistic artists可知，这里展出印象派的艺术作品。
23．C。推理判断题。根据对 John Palmer Fine Art的介绍中The combination of ... is the perfect atmosphere to showcase the great works of artist John Ross Palmer 可知，John Palmer Fine Art只展示一位艺术家得作品。
B
本文讲述了作者游泳时遭遇了鲨鱼袭击，右小腿被截肢。恢复后作者对鲨鱼进行研究，发现人类对鲨鱼的威胁远大于鲨鱼对人类的威胁。
24．B。主旨大意题。一二两段主要描述了作者遭遇鲨鱼袭击的细节。
25．B。推理判断题。根据第四段中I was unshaken and curious…Was that what attracted the shark 可推知作者想知道自己为什么会被鲨鱼袭击。
26．D。细节理解题。根据第五段可知，人类对鲨鱼的威胁远大于鲨鱼对人类的威胁，每年有7000万只鲨鱼仅仅因为它们的鳍就被杀害。
27．A。推理判断题。他开始为鲨鱼发声，与夏威夷州立法机构合作，推动禁止鲨鱼产品的法案。他还与其他遭遇过鲨鱼攻击的人和海洋生物学家合作，前往华盛顿敦促参议员制定保护鲨鱼的法律。
C
广东东鹏纸业推出了一项新的员工奖励方案，根据员工的运动量来发放奖金。这个政策旨在促进员工的健康生活方式，得到了员工的欢迎。然而，一些人担心这可能导致员工健康问题。
28．C。细节理解题。根据第一段可知，广东东鹏纸业推出了一项新的员工奖励方案，根据员工的运动量来发放奖金。
29．D。推理判断题。根据第二段可知，林志勇一直在鼓励员工享受运动和健身，认为只有员工健康企业才能持续下去。
30．B。推理判断题。根据第四段中couldn’t be happier可知员工对该方案很满意。
31．A。细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，一些网民认为公司政策应该考虑员工现有的身体健康，不能因为奖金导致员工产生健康问题，故选A。
D
研究显示，鸟类受烟花影响远至10公里。研究人员建议设立大型烟花禁区以保护鸟类，尤其是在大型鸟类栖息的地区。在冬季，应尽量减少对鸟类的干扰。
32．C．细节理解题。根据第一段可知，研究表明大规模燃放烟花对鸟类的影响范围可达10公里（6英里）远，故这项研究告诉读者燃放烟花对鸟类的影响程度。
33．A。细节理解题。根据第三段可知，野鹅受到烟花的影响非常大，以至于至少在接下来的11天里，它们平均花费的时间比正常时间多了10%在寻找食物。显然，在逃离烟花之后，它们需要这段时间来补充失去的精力，以恢复到以前的状态。
34．B。猜测词义题。在许多大型鸟类过冬的草地等开阔地区，应减少对鸟类的干扰。在森林和半开放栖息地附近，烟花对鸟类的影响较小（不明显）。此外，较小的鸟类，如山雀和雀鸟，生活在那里，它们不太可能因受到干扰而飞走。
35．A。标题概括题。全文围绕烟花对鸟类的影响展开，A选项中in the air暗指鸟类，panic指烟花带来的影响，故A为最佳答案。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
古人云，“凡事预则立，不预则废。”所以，制定计划有它的重要作用和意义。本文中，心理学家给出了一些制定及保持计划的建议。
36．G。根据空前的What’s much more important than setting a grand goal, like running a marathon, is to set an immediate plan that you can start right away可知，G项符合语境。空后内容中的they指代G项中的baby steps。
37．D。根据该空所在段落中的The cue could be a time, a place, or a feeling, while the reward must be instantaneous 可知，D项符合语境。D项中的Don’t buy a new pair of shoes at the end of the week or the month.与上文的the reward must be instantaneous和下文的The prize needs to be immediate相对应。
38．F。空前内容指出走8公里才能到健身房的人一月去一次，而走6公里的人一月会去五次或更多次。这2公里的距离决定了人们是否拥有一个良好的锻炼习惯。由此可知，F项符合语境。
39．E。结合首句Be less critical of yourself可知，对自己的批评要少点，因为自我批评常常与动力不足以及较差的自控力有关。由此可知，E项符合语境。
40．A。根据空后…Recognizing them in advance …可知A项Spot your excuses符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
来自哥伦比亚的Diana Trujillo靠做清洁工半工半读完成大学学业，最终进入NASA工作。她也通过自身的经历激励更多的女性追逐自己的梦想。
41．C。根据语境可知，空处上下文在语义上是转折关系，故此处应填表示转折的However.
42．B。根据下文When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering ... she followed her dad’s 44 可推知，现在的她是一名航天工程师（engineer），领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂的设计。
43．A。根据上一句可知，当Diana还是个小女孩时，就很确定自己对科学很感兴趣。所以，当她的父亲提出要送她去美国学习航空工程，她肯定是没有任何犹豫（hesitation），就接受了他的提议（suggestion）。
44．D．参见上题解析。
45．C。根据本空前的Arriving in the US with just $300可推知，当Diana抵达美国时，她只有300美元。所以她只能通过做一系列家政工作来艰难地完成学业。
46．D。根据上文内容可推知，此处是指她通过打工来完成学业的奋斗历程。
47．B．根据下文内容可知，这里是说，Trujillo迎来了另一个改变人生的（life-changing）时刻。
48．A。根据上一句可知，那位教授提到他们认识一位宇航员，这让Trujillo意识到（Realizing）自己“只差一个人就能认识宇航员”。
49．C．激励她的目标inspire her goals.
50．D。根据上文中的One of her professors casually mentioned...可知，此时Trujillo还没有完成学业，所以此处是说她继续（continued）太空科学的学习。
51．B。根据语境可知，这里是说，最终（eventually），她于2007年成为第一个进入NASA工作的拉丁裔女性。
52．C。根据下一句可知，Diana并没有止步于（stopped）在科技领域内取得成绩和认可。
53．A。根据本空前的leads by example可知，此处指她以身作则，鼓励（encouraging）女性在STEM领域成就事业。
54．D。Diana自己的故事提醒我们，就在那道障碍后面，有一整个宇宙的机会在等待着任何愿意努力工作去追逐梦想的人们。
55．B。reach for the stars意为“追逐梦想，力争上游”。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
56．was known。考查动词时态语态。be known as 作为……而出名。
57．significance。考查名词。
58．correctly。考查副词。准确地读出这个城市的名词pronounce the city’s name correctly.
59．boasting。考查非谓语动词作状语。
60．powerful。考查形容词powerful修饰名词impact。
61．and。考查并列连词and连接was designed by architect Ma Yansong和has a capacity of more than 30,000，作定语从句的谓语动词。
62．released。考查非谓语动词作定语。
63．to。考查介词。be no stranger to 对……不陌生。
64．a。考查冠词。a handful of一些。
65．has staged。考查时态。根据句中since March可知应用现在完成时。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节【评分说明】（满分15分）
第二节【评分说明】
该文是记叙文，话题是助人救人。作者和朋友爬山时，不幸跌倒受伤，在大家的帮助下被成功送往医院。
听力材料
Text 1
M: Can you get me another black marker pen for the blackboard This one is dry.（1）
W: Sure. Which one do you need The big one or the small one We have several here.
M: I think I need a big one. Thank you.
Text 2
M: I’m taking deep breaths, but I’m still so nervous about this speech. What will I do if I forget something
W: I would recommend having words on small cards to keep with you.（2） That way you don’t need to keep track of everything in your head during the speech.
Text 3
W: OK, just be still and smile. Hold on. I think this camera is not good for what I am doing.
M: You should try that one instead. I heard it’s good in low light conditions. Or maybe you can use your assistant’s. （3）
Text 4
M: Mary, you’ve had a cough for a long time. I think you should see a doctor.
W: Yes, it started a month ago.（4） And I began my job at the factory two months ago. It might be something in the air. We work with a lot of chemicals.
Text 5
W: You got ninety per cent in maths, ninety-two per cent in physics —but only fifty-five per cent in English. This report doesn’t make any sense.
M: I know. I did worse in my best subject and better in my worst subjects.（5）
Text 6
W: Hey, will you and Robert play soccer today It’s going to rain soon. That’s why I ask.
M: No. We found out the park is not open on holidays.（6） It’s all right though, since my ankle is kind of painful anyway. We’ll arrange something else.
W: That’s too bad. You haven’t seen each other for so long.
M: I know. Last time was at his wedding. That’s almost a year ago.
W: We can ask him to come over more often. Our families used to be such good friends. Our kids love him so much.（7）
M: That’s a good idea!
Text 7（第9题为推断题）
M: I don’t think I’ve ever been this thirsty.
W: Then you shouldn’t have drunk up all your water at the start of the climb.（8）
M: How much longer is it to the top （8）
W: Another hour at least. It might take more time if you keep complaining.
M: I think I’m just going to stop and rest.（8）
W: Come on, we already stopped 15 minutes ago. Look, there’s a small waterfall over the next hill.
M: Are you just trying to get me to keep going
W: No, it’s real. I promise.
M: Is the water safe to drink
W: It’s just melted ice from the mountain top. It’s probably cleaner than the water in your apartment.
M: OK. Let’s get there so I can refill my bottle.
W: That’s the spirit!
Text 8
W: Computer science is a very promising field to study. I’m proud of you for choosing it. A lot of your friends decided to study art. It’s interesting, but it will be hard to choose a career after graduating from school.（10） As for you, you can even start your own business and make a lot of money. Software is in demand, and that’s your focus.
M: Actually, I would rather have the experience of being at a large company first.（10） Then I might consider it.
W: Well, in that case, you should talk to my cousin Tony.（11）（12） He has been in the industry for 20 years managing computer engineers. （11） Now, he heads the largest computer monitor company in the state.（11）（12）
M: All right, I have heard a lot about him. I think I will reach out to him. What is his email address
W: I’m not sure. I will check it up for you later.
M: Thank you so much.
Text 9
M: Susan, you’ve been at the gym so often since the winter. What’s going on
W: I’m training for the big race coming up. I have a lot of preparation to do.
M: But you were such a good runner in university. I’m surprised you need to prepare so much.
W: That was short distance running. When I ran, it was less than one kilometer. For someone like me, changing from that to medium distance events can feel like a marathon.（13）
M: You should practice outside on the real road as well.
W: I plan to, when the summer comes next month.（14） For now, I’m stuck in the gym. I can’t even go as much as I want. I have to book my time to train before I go, as the gym cannot have too many people inside at once. That’s why I didn’t go today.（15） It’s a real pain in the neck.
M: Oh, and there were no times left
W: Exactly. By the time I got home yesterday and got on their website, all of the times were taken.（15）
M: That’s unfortunate. I know you’ve paid a lot for that gym. I would complain!（16） Write them an email or something. They should be open for longer.
W: I plan too. After I have dinner, I’m going to make a call.（16）
M: Maybe they’ll give you a discount.
W: Honestly, I don’t even care about the money. I just cannot miss more training sessions.
Text 10（第17题为总结题）
The jungles of South America still have many mysteries. Despite current satellite technology, scientists are still discovering ancient sites throughout the continent. Their work continues the mission of many explorers. Perhaps one of the most energetic was Percy Fawcett, who started exploring at the start of the 20th century. （18）（19） In his life, the main goal of the British explorer was to find the Lost City of Z.（18） This is a name he gave to the supposed capital of a lost civilization described by Joao da Silva Guimaraes. He found the place one day in the jungle while searching for gold, yet he didn’t name it. But he said he saw massive stone arches, high towers, and complex ruins. This account later inspired many famous adventure stories, such as Arthur Conan Doyle’s book The Lost World.（20） In the end, Fawcett never found his lost city. For many years, scientists thought that Guimaraes actually met up a site in western Brazil that was discovered later. However, the advanced architecture described by Guimaraes is absent there. This has made the Lost City of Z more of a fantasy. But is it In the last five years, nearly 100 ancient ruins have been discovered in the Amazon region through new technology. Perhaps the explorers of the past were not so crazy after all.

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