资源简介

①A wild African bird that will lead people to trees with honeycomb（蜂巢） seems to somehow learn the distinct whistles and calls of the human foragers（觅食者） who live near them.
②This bird species has far more information about what the bees are doing than humans ever could. In Tanzania, Hadza foragers can use a special whistle to attract this bird, which will then fly down and start leading them to honey. With its noisy chattering sound, the bird is very conspicuous. Once the bird arrives at a tree with honey inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly not to disturb the bees. "That's the signal to the Hadza to really start searching, "says Brian Wood, an anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles. Pretty soon, the foragers will locate the hive and cut open the tree trunk.
③It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast. According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.
④This makes it clear that the birds have learned what their human neighbors do when they want to partner up and go honey-hunting. "This is a very strong result which supports the idea that there's a learning process involved, " says Wood.
⑤But how do the birds learn It's still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years. When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat. And the human foragers get the honey -which is an enormously important food for the Hadza. Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
【素材来源：广东省汕头市2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题】
28. What does the underlined word "conspicuous" in Para. 2 mean
A. Eye-catching.
B. Care-free.
C. Naughty.
D. Attractive.
29. What can we know about the birds
A. They are raised by humans.
B. They help cut open the tree trunk.
C. They feed on honey as their annual diet.
D. They can distinguish different whistles.
30. Which of the following can best describe the honey gathering
A complex dilemma.
An unfair trade.
A double-edged sword.
D. A win-win cooperation.
31. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The familiar signal in the forest.
B. A talented expert in hunting the bees.
C. A wonderful guide to collecting honey.
D. The human-animal communication in Tanzania.
【五步法精析】
串联题干
What does the underlined word "conspicuous" in Para. 2 mean
What can we know about the birds
Which of the following can best describe the honey gathering
Which can be a suitable title for the text
归纳主题词：the birds,honey gathering
28. What does the underlined word "conspicuous" in Para. 2 mean
第二段中划线的“conspicuous”是什么意思
A. Eye-catching. 引人注目的
B. Care-free. 无忧无虑的
C. Naughty. 顽皮的
D. Attractive.吸引人的
领域词同义替换：special=eye-catching 特别的=conspicuous
②This bird species has far more information about what the bees are doing than humans ever could. In Tanzania, Hadza foragers can use a special whistle to attract this bird, which will then fly down and start leading them to honey. 这种鸟类比人类更了解蜜蜂在做什么。在坦桑尼亚，哈扎族的采集者可以用一种特殊的哨子来吸引这只鸟，然后这只鸟就会飞下来，带他们去采蜜。With its noisy chattering sound, the bird is very conspicuous. Once the bird arrives at a tree with honey inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly not to disturb the bees. "That's the signal to the Hadza to really start searching, "says Brian Wood, an anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles. Pretty soon, the foragers will locate the hive and cut open the tree trunk.
29. What can we know about the birds
关于鸟我们能知道些什么
A. They are raised by humans. 它们是由人类养大的。
B. They help cut open the tree trunk.他们帮忙砍开树干。
C. They feed on honey as their annual diet. 它们每年以蜂蜜为食。
D. They can distinguish different whistles.它们能分辨不同的哨声。（具象化的同义替换）
③It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast. According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.根据这项研究，当哈扎哨声响起时，这些鸟出现的几率为82%。但当研究人员吹响另一个国家传统上使用的哨子时，它们出现的几率只有24%。
30. Which of the following can best describe the honey gathering
以下哪一项最能描述采蜜过程
A.A complex dilemma. 复杂的困境
B.An unfair trade. 不公平的交易。
C.A double-edged sword. 就好像双刃剑
D. A win-win cooperation.一个双赢的合作(近义词的词汇复现）
⑤But how do the birds learn It's still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years. When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat. And the human foragers get the honey -which is an enormously important food for the Hadza.可以肯定的是，这种人类与动物之间的交流似乎对双方都有好处，而且这种交流可能可以追溯到几千年前。当蜂巢出来的时候，鸟儿就会得到一些它们喜欢吃的蜂蜡。人类采集者得到蜂蜜——这是哈扎人极其重要的食物 Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
31. Which can be a suitable title for the text
哪一个标题可以是合适的文本
A. The familiar signal in the forest. 森林里熟悉的信号。
B. A talented expert in hunting the bees.一个有天赋的捕蜂专家。
C. A wonderful guide to collecting honey. 收集蜂蜜的精彩指南。
D. The human-animal communication in Tanzania.坦桑尼亚人与动物的交流。
同义替换：collect honey=get the honey;enormously important= wonderful
⑤But how do the birds learn It's still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years. When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat. And the human foragers get the honey -which is an enormously important food for the Hadza. Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
【逐句翻译】
第一段：
A wild African bird that will lead people to trees with honeycomb（蜂巢） seems to somehow learn the distinct whistles and calls of the human foragers（觅食者） who live near them.
句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰bird；who引导定语从句修饰foragers
句意：一种将人类带到有蜂巢的树上的非洲野生鸟类(蜂巢)似乎不知何故学会了住在它们附近的人类觅食者(觅食者)独特的口哨声和叫声。
第二段：
This bird species has far more information about what the bees are doing than humans ever could.
句子结构分析：what引导宾语从句
句意：这种鸟类比人类更了解蜜蜂在做什么。
In Tanzania, Hadza foragers can use a special whistle to attract this bird, which will then fly down and start leading them to honey.
句子结构分析：which 引导定语从句修饰this bird
句意：在坦桑尼亚，哈扎族的采集者可以用一种特殊的哨子来吸引这只鸟，然后这只鸟就会飞下来，带他们去采蜜。
With its noisy chattering sound, the bird is very conspicuous.
句子结构分析：with引导独立主格
句意：这只鸟叽叽喳喳叫得很响，很引人注目。
【超纲词汇解析】
Conspicuous adj.显眼的，引人注目的
I felt very conspicuous in my new car.
坐在我的新车里，我感到十分惹人注目。
Once the bird arrives at a tree with honey inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly not to disturb the bees.
句子结构分析：once 引导时间状语从句
句意：一旦小鸟带着蜂蜜飞到树上，它就会在蜂巢附近安静地休息，似乎不打扰蜜蜂。
"That's the signal to the Hadza to really start searching, "says Brian Wood, an anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles.
加州大学洛杉矶分校的人类学家布莱恩·伍德说:“这是给哈扎人真正开始寻找的信号。”
Pretty soon, the foragers will locate the hive and cut open the tree trunk.
很快，觅食蚁就会找到蜂巢，然后砍开树干。
【真题必考词汇解析】
Trunk n.树干; 象鼻; 大箱子; 躯干
The trunk and limbs weighed 29,500 kg.
树干和主枝重29,500公斤.
第三段：
It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast.
句子结构分析：it is found that引导主语从句；when引导时间状语从句
句意：研究发现，当播放当地人熟悉的信号时，这些鸟更有可能出现。
【真题必考词汇】
be likely to...可能
They would not be likely to alight on the surface of the sea.
它们大概不会降落于海面上.
show up 显而易见; 到场; （使）看得见; 羞辱
The orange tip shows up well against most backgrounds.
橙色的尖端在大多数背景下都很醒目。
According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played.
句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句
根据这项研究，当哈扎哨声响起时，这些鸟出现的几率为82%。
But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.
句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句
句意：但当研究人员吹响另一个国家传统上使用的哨子时，它们出现的几率只有24%。
第四段：
This makes it clear that the birds have learned what their human neighbors do when they want to partner up and go honey-hunting.
句子结构分析：that引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句
句意：这清楚地表明，鸟类已经学会了它们的人类邻居在想要结成伙伴去采蜜时所做的事情。
"This is a very strong result which supports the idea that there's a learning process involved, " says Wood.
句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰strong result；that引导同位语从句修饰the idea
句意：伍德说:“这是一个非常有力的结果，它支持了一个学习过程的观点。”
第五段
But how do the birds learn
但是鸟类是如何学习的呢
It's still unclear.
目前还不清楚。
What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years.
句子结构分析:what is clear that引导主语从句
句意：可以肯定的是，这种人类与动物之间的交流似乎对双方都有好处，而且这种交流可能可以追溯到几千年前。
When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat.
句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句；which引导定语从句修饰beeswax
句意：当蜂巢出来的时候，鸟儿就会得到一些它们喜欢吃的蜂蜡。
And the human foragers get the honey -which is an enormously important food for the Hadza.
句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰the honey
句意：人类采集者得到蜂蜜——这是哈扎人极其重要的食物。
Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
句子结构分析：that引导宾语从句
句意：伍德计算出哈扎人在鸟类的帮助下获得了每年饮食中大约10%的卡路里。
【真题必考词汇】
With the help of借助于， 利用
The old man hobbled along with the help of his grandson.
老人在他的孙子挽扶下蹒跚而行.
【全文翻译】
一种非洲野鸟会把人们带到有蜂巢的树上(蜂巢)，它似乎不知何故学会了住在附近的人类觅食者(觅食者)发出的独特的口哨声和叫声。
这种鸟类比人类拥有更多关于蜜蜂活动的信息。在坦桑尼亚，哈扎族的采集者可以用一种特殊的哨子来吸引这只鸟，然后这只鸟就会飞下来，带他们去采蜜。这只鸟叽叽喳喳叫得很响，很引人注目。一旦小鸟带着蜂蜜飞到树上，它就会在蜂巢附近安静地休息，似乎不打扰蜜蜂。加州大学洛杉矶分校的人类学家布莱恩·伍德说:“这是给哈扎人真正开始寻找的信号。”很快，觅食蚁就会找到蜂巢，然后砍开树干。
研究发现，当播放当地人熟悉的信号时，鸟儿更有可能出现。根据这项研究，当哈扎哨声响起时，这些鸟出现的几率为82%。但当研究人员吹响另一个国家传统上使用的哨子时，它们出现的几率只有24%。
这清楚地表明，鸟类已经学会了它们的人类邻居在想要结成伙伴去采蜜时所做的事情。伍德说:“这是一个非常有力的结果，它支持了一个学习过程的观点。”
但是鸟是怎么学习的呢 目前还不清楚。可以肯定的是，这种人类与动物之间的交流似乎对双方都有好处，而且这种交流可能可以追溯到几千年前。当蜂巢出来的时候，鸟儿就会得到一些它们喜欢吃的蜂蜡。人类采集者得到蜂蜜——这是哈扎人极其重要的食物。伍德计算出哈扎人在鸟类的帮助下获得了每年饮食中大约10%的卡路里。

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