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中考英语复习　动词和动词短语
第1节　实义动词/系动词辨析
1.（2023·十堰30题）—The air in our city becomes fresher and fresher.
—I think so.To cut down air pollution， many factories 　　　　new energy cars.
A.produce B.throw C.cancel D.divide
2.（2023·鄂州23题）—How do you usually go to Wuhan from here？
—By high－speed train.It 　　　　me only 20 minutes to get there.
A.spends B.pays C.costs D.takes
3.（2023·荆州26题）—Hangzhou will hold the 19th Asian Games from September 23 to October 8， 2023.
—Right.Players will 　　　　in forty sports， such as swimming， table tennis and volleyball.
A.compete B.believe C.imagine D.advise
4.（中考·恩施5题改编）—Have you seen the movie Titanic， Wangwei？
—Yes.The music in it 　　　　.
A.looks great B.sounds great
C.feels great D.keeps great
5.（2023·抚顺2题）Linda likes to 　　　　pens and she has had all kinds of pens so far.
A.collect B.throw C.lose D.give
6.（2023·齐齐哈尔19题改编）While many modern fast－food restaurants are American， some very traditional Chinese food is nearly fast food.This 　　　　mantou， noodles and Chinese dumplings.
A.means B.includes C.has D.shows
7.（2023·广西47题改编）Because Lisa has a hearing problem， the students weren’t able to 　　　　with her effectively（有效地）.
A.work B.check
C.communicate D.connect
8.（2023·青海23题改编）We are deeply 　　　　by the story of Mu Shengzhong， whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s.
A.hurt B.moved C.troubled D.caught
9.（2023·东营21题）Scientists found that dogs may know human’s feelings by 　　　　our breath and sweat（汗）.
A.tasting B.smelling C.touching D.watching
10.（2023·扬州13题）We don’t 　　　　much from the kids because they can’t understand the value of this work.
A.express B.excuse C.expect D.explain
11.（2023·江西4题）—Hello！ Can I speak to Jenny， please？
—Sorry， she isn’t in.Can I 　　　　a message？
A.take B.read C.check D.receive
12.（2023·朝阳3题）—Kate， come here and try on this dress.
—Oh， it 　　　　nice on me.
A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.smells
13.—Look at the dark clouds， and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It 　　　　that a big storm is coming.
A.sounds B.seems C.feels D.smells
14.When the boy heard the words， his face 　　　　red.
A.got B.turned C.changed D.proved
第2节　动词短语辨析
考向一　同一动词型
1.（2023·鄂州29题）—How was your camping in Sifeng Mountain last weekend？
—It was great.We 　　　　our tents on the top of the mountain and enjoyed ourselves.
A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put away
2.（2023·阜新8题）Tina 　　　　her sunglasses on the beach because the sunlight was so strong.
A.put up B.put on C.put away D.put down
3.（2023·徐州6题）I loved the book so much that I could hardly 　　　　.
A.put it up B.put it down C.put it on D.put it out
4.（2023·襄阳33题）—Shall we go to the nature park this weekend？
—Good idea.We can 　　　　fresh air in the park.
A.take up B.take down C.take in D.take off
5.（2022·黄石30题）—Why do you want to be a volunteer？
—I guess I 　　　　my mother.She is always helping others.
A.take down B.take after
C.take in D.take off
6.（2022·恩施29题改编）It’s good to help the people in need to 　　　　the bus if necessary.
A.get up B.get off C.get well D.get down
7.（2023·云南5题）It’s a good habit to 　　　　the lights when you leave a room.
A.turn down B.turn up
C.turn off D.turn on
8.（2023·营口19题）The smell of the sea 　　　　memories of his childhood.
A.called at B.called off C.called up D.called on
考向二　同一介词/副词型
1.（2023·随州28题）After many discussions， the two boys finally 　　　　a plan.They would toss（抛） a coin.
A.looked out B.worked out C.took out D.went out
2.（2023·南通9题）The wind energy costs very little and will never 　　　　.Besides， it produces little pollution.
A.blow out B.run out C.put out D.break out
3.（2023·本溪2题）While staying in Beijing， the foreigners like to 　　　　in Beijing hutongs.
A.hang out B.bring out C.try out D.set out
4.（2023·常州7题）—Can you 　　　　the sign for the community party？
—Sure， where should I hang it？
A.keep up B.take up C.give up D.put up
5.（2023·青岛9题）—Are you ready for the show？
—No.It’s easy to 　　　　a play but difficult to act it out.
A.make up B.take up C.look up D.put up
6.（2023·齐齐哈尔9题改编）When you are in trouble， a friend who 　　　　from you is not a true one.
A.takes away B.gives away C.runs away D.puts away
考向三　混合型
1.（2023·黄孝咸31题）—Look at the sign.What does it mean？
—It means we should 　　　　the rubbish 　　　　the proper rubbish bins.
A.put…into B.throw…around
C.mix…into D.try…on
2.（2023·黄石7题）—Everyone should build the good habit of saving food.
—I agree， so I always 　　　　the food I order.
A.eat up B.use up C.throw away D.give away
3.（2023·武汉39题）—Hard to believe.Luke won the school speech contest！
—He used to be shy， but his friends’ support 　　　　his confidence.
A.took away B.made up C.put away D.built up
4.（2023·抚顺12题）Ann is 　　　　her notes for her English exam now.
A.paying for B.giving away
C.looking through D.putting up
5.（2023·遂宁27题）—It’s said that ChatGPT has both good and bad sides.
—Well， it all 　　　　how you use it.
A.leads to B.sounds like C.turns into D.depends on
6.（2023·安徽27题）Our team 　　　　what to do about the project and successfully completed it on time.
A.gave up B.worked out C.turned down D.took away
从方框中选出合适的单词或短语，并用正确的形式填空。
hide　lie　realize　honor　fall　dream of　throw away　doubt　wake up　pick up
[中华优秀传统文化·颜回]During one trip， Yan Hui and Confucius were kept in a house for seven days and seven nights. They were 1.　hiding　 from soldiers.Since they did not have anything to eat， Confucius became very weak and 2.　lay　 down on the bed.
Yan Hui 3.　realized　 that he had to go outside and ask for food. Finally， he met a kind old woman. She gave him a little rice. He went back to the house and cooked it on a small fire.
Confucius 4.　woke up　 and saw Yan Hui cooking. After some time， he saw his student put his hand in the cooking pot， 5.　pick up　 some rice and put it into his mouth.
When the rice was ready， Yan Hui went over to Confucius and asked if he wanted some food. Confucius did not get up to eat right away. He said， “I 6.　dreamt of　 my ancestors just now， and I must 7.　honor　 them with a bowl of rice. Then I’ll eat some myself.”
Yan Hui said， “I’m sorry that I have spoiled（糟蹋） the rice， Master. You can’t use it to honor your ancestors.” Confucius asked him why he couldn’t use the rice.
“Some ashes（灰） from the fire 8.　fell　 into the pot，” Yan Hui said. “I removed that bit of rice with my hand. I wanted to 9.　throw　 it 　away　， but I was hungry and…” Yan Hui was ashamed of his action， but Confucius was even more ashamed for 10.　doubting　 his student.
第3节　情态动词辨析
　情态动词引导一般疑问句的回答
1.由must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must或have/has to；否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t have to，但不能用mustn’t（意为“严禁；禁止”）回答。如：
—Must I finish the English paper today？
今天我必须完成英语论文吗？
—Yes， you must/have to.是的，你必须（完成）。
—No， you needn’t/don’t have to.不，你不必。
2.由may/might引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may/can；否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。如：
—May I smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？
—Yes， you may./Yes， please.是的，你可以。
—No， you can’t/mustn’t.不，你不能。
3.由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t。如：
—Need I start to do the work at once？
我需要立刻开始做这项工作吗？
—Yes， you must./No， you needn’t.
是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
4.由could引导的一般疑问句，用can回答，而不用could。如：
—Could I use your mobile phone？
我可以用你的手机吗？
—Yes， you can./No， you can’t.
是的，你可以。/不，你不可以。
　情态动词的辨析
1.can与be able to
（1）相同点：后面都接动词原形；都可表示能力。
（2）不同点：can只有一般现在时和一般过去时，即can/could；can可以用于否定句或疑问句中，表示判断或推测；be able to有多种时态变化以及人称和数的变化；表示“过去通过努力做成了某件事”只能用be able to。
2.must与have to
（1）must表示说话人的主观意志，意为“必须”，无人称和数的变化。其否定回答用don’t/doesn’t have to或needn’t，而不用mustn’t。如：
—Must I finish my homework first？
我必须先完成作业吗？
—No， you needn’t/don’t have to.
不，你不必。
（2）have to意为“不得不”，往往强调受到外界客观因素的迫使。它可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。如：
It is going to rain.I have to go home now.
快下雨了，我得回家了。
We didn’t want to go but we had to.
我们并不想去，但是不得不去。
1.（2023·黄孝咸28题）—How beautiful the paper cutting is！ Who made it？
—It 　　　　be Linda.She’s the only one that can make it in our class.
A.must B.would C.can D.could
2.（2023·荆州25题）—You 　　　　take the subway to the airport， for I can drive you there directly.
—That’s very kind of you.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
3.（2023·鄂州27题）—　　　　 I take photos here？
—Sorry， you can’t.It’s not allowed in the museum.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
4.（2023·恩施23题改编）We 　　　　look both ways when crossing the street.
A.may B.could C.must D.can
5.（2023·武汉37题）—Excuse me， but we 　　　　wait in line to get on the subway.
—I’m sorry.
A.might B.would C.could D.should
6.（2022·武汉37题）—Alex， come down to play football.
—I can’t.Mom said I 　　　　clean my bedroom before doing anything else.
A.had to B.will C.used to D.can
7.（2022·黄石28题）—Mom， must I tidy my room right now？
—No， you 　　　　.You can do it after breakfast.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
8.（2022·荆州24题）—Mike， I can’t stop playing computer games.
—For your eyes， my dear friend， I’m afraid you 　　　　.
A.could B.may C.would D.have to
9.（2022·鄂州24题）—Whose is this toy truck？
—It 　　　　belong to Dick.He was the only little kid at the picnic.
A.can’t B.must C.could D.need
10.（2022·三市一企27题）—What kind of music do you like？
—I like music that I 　　　　dance to.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
11.（2023·陕西23题）When I first lost my hearing， I was sad that I 　　　　never again hear my mother sing.
A.can B.could C.have to D.had to
12.（2023·常州4题）When you have fixed this type of lock， you 　　　　take a key with you.You can open the door with your fingerprint.
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t
C.mustn’t D.can’t
13.（2023·南通11题）If a football team wants to enter the World Cup， it 　　　　become a member of FIFA first.
A.may B.must C.can D.might
14.（2023·长春7题）This 　　　　be Alice’s guitar.Hers is still in my house.
A.should B.can’t C.must D.needn’t
15.（2023·宿迁6题）According to the traffic rules， people 　　　　ride e－bikes without wearing helmets.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.might not
[中华优秀传统文化·功夫]Kung fu is a great Chinese tradition.Chinese children have the chances to go to special schools and study kung fu！And they 　1　 train very hard every day.After they finish their studies， the students can get jobs in the army or the police force.
Li Zheng， from Shanghai， is thirteen years old.She said she 　2　 like to be a police officer.She practices kung fu in the playing field with other students.The training is difficult and Li 　3　 live at home.She can only see her family in the holidays.Li 　4　 do a lot of different moves like the frog and the snake.She is proud of herself.She believes that her dream 　5　 come true one day by hard work！
1.A.mustn’t B.must C.could D.couldn’t
2.A.would B.might C.mustn’t D.needn’t
3.A.can’t B.won’t C.can D.will
4.A.need B.can C.should D.may
5.A.might B.shall C.could D.will

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