2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考试01(新高考专用)(含解析,有听力音频有听力原文)

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2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考试01(新高考专用)(含解析,有听力音频有听力原文)

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绝密★考试结束前
2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考试01(新高考专用)
英语
(考试时间:120分钟 试卷满分:150分)
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分)
做题时,请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Which sweater will the woman probably buy
A.The blue one. B.The green one. C.The red one.
2.What did the man do last night
A.He went to the party. B.He took his final exam. C.He went over his lessons.
3.Who has gone back to New York
A.Sandy. B.Sally. C.Stephen.
4.How much will the woman give back to the man
A.$ 13.50. B.$1.50. C.$12.30.
5.How does the woman eat for lunch at work now
A.By ordering a takeout.
B.By bringing food herself.
C.By going to the restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
6.Where does the dialogue take place
A.On the street. B.On the phone. C.In the office.
7.What will the woman do next
A.Go to repair her phone. B.Find the man by herself. C.Telephone the man once again.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
8.When will the solar eclipse happen
A.At 2:50 pm. B.At 3:20 pm. C.At 3:10 pm.
9.Why does the woman go to get the paper
A.To keep the birds safe. B.To stop the birds singing. C.To protect her eyes.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
10.What is the woman doing now
A.She is preparing ice cream. B.She is on a diet. C.She is planning to have a baby.
11.How does the man like the woman
A.Untruthful. B.Clever. C.Tough-minded.
12.What will the woman eat at last
A.Nothing. B.Ice cream. C.Cake.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
13.What do the speakers mainly talk about
A.Which university to go to.B.What to choose as a job. C.Where to earn more money.
14.Why does the woman make her decision
A.She needs more money to support her family.
B.Her family live far away from the city.
C.The villages are short of good doctors.
15.What will the man probably be in the future
A.A researcher. B.A teacher. C.An officer.
16.What should they do before they fulfill their plans
A.Go to consult with their parents.
B.Do well to pass the H.S.C Examination.
C.Get admitted to the famous university.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
17.How many presidents are there before Lincoln
A.15. B.16. C.17.
18.What do you think of Lincoln’s family when he was young
A.Rich. B.Poor. C.Large.
19.What led to the American Civil War
A.Lincoln was elected to the president of the U.S.
B.Some southern states wanted to break off.
C.Some slaves began to fight for their rights.
20.What did Lincoln contribute most to his country
A.He was one of the greatest lawyers in the U.S.
B.He gave one of the most famous speeches.
C.He managed to keep his country together.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Stone Mountain
Basic Information
Stone Mountain, Georgia, is the world’s largest exposed piece of granite (花岗岩). It is a rock of 7.5 billion cubic feet and it’s just a half-hour drive from Atlanta. But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving. Three heroes from the Civil War have been carved into the rock: Confederate President Jefferson Davis, General Robert E.Lee, and General Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson. The huge sculptures are surrounded by a carved surface that covers three acres.
How to Visit
Stone Mountain can be visited by taking a cable car ride up the north face. Brave tourists can hike along various paths to get closer to the amazing mountain. A visit to the top uncovers rock pools and views of downtown Atlanta that seems close enough to touch.
What to Visit
Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village. The village was established in 1839 and offers more than 50 specialty shops and restaurants. Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.
Detailed Visiting Information
Address: U.S.Highway 78 E., Exit 8, Stone Mountain, GA
Telephone: 770/498-5690 or 800/401-2407
Hours of Operation: Wednesday to Friday from 10:00 am-2:00 pm (due to COVID-19)
Admission: $8 per car
21.What is Stone Mountain most famous for
A.Its large memorial carving.
B.Its unique natural landscape.
C.Its having a large piece of granite.
D.Its being the hometown of famous heroes.
22.What can visitors do at Stone Mountain Park
A.Hike along downtown Atlanta.
B.Go shopping outside its west gate.
C.Swim in beautiful swimming pools.
D.Learn to make jewels from the locals.
23.How much should Mr. Brown pay if he visits the park in two cars with his family of eight
A.$8. B.$16. C.$32. D.$64.
B
David Rees runs a truly distinctive business. He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfections, using a variety of tools.
I know what you're thinking — is this a joke The 39-year-old gets asked that question a lot. To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he's actually providing a real service.
You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils. After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.
To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpapers, pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpening machine. "It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for," he says. "That determines the most appropriate pencil-sharpening technique.
Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.
$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right You're not the only one who feels that way, and David's unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil. But others will say, "This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business."
David admits his trade is sort of unusual. But there are those who actually value his service, as proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.
24.How could David make money by sharpening pencils
A.He invented new tools for the job.
B.He promoted his skill on his website.
C.He saved lots of time for other people.
D.He provided quality service to his customers.
25.From his words, we can infer that David Bees .
A.knows all kinds of pencil users B.provides personalized services
C.values ideas behind the pencils D.always write with pencils
26.What does the underlined word "insane" (in Paragraph 5) mean
A.Deliberate. B.Rewarding.
C.Unreasonable. D.Irresponsible.
27.What seems to be the author's attitude to David Bees' trade
A.It's a fancy service. B.It has a good reputation.
C.It's awfully expensive. D.It wastes time and money.
C
The brown paper bag hit the ground. A Michelin engineer picked it up and opened it, revealing a cracked, leaking egg. The third graders at A.J. Whittenberg Elementary School were disappointed when they saw the runny mess.
It was engineering week at A.J. Whittenberg, a public primary school in Greenville, South Carolina. One week per month, engineers from local industries visit the classrooms and talk to students about their careers.
Greenville is now introducing the idea of a career path to students in primary school and giving students the option to follow those programs to middle and high schools. Each primary school focuses on a specific technical skill. The district allows students to attend schools outside of their attendance boundaries as long as space is available, which means students can choose to continue to follow their chosen career pathway at a middle school with corresponding programs.
The effort in Greenville is part of a growing national trend in which school districts partner with local industries to develop curriculum (课程) and expose students to specialized careers at a young age.
Some education experts worry the focus on industry qualifications has resulted in schools taking on responsibilities that should fall to businesses, like training workers for specific job duties, damaging a more comprehensive education in schools. “Schools are to not just prepare people for work and strengthen the economy, but also a place where students should experience art, music and think creatively,” said Jack Schneider, a professor of education at the University of Massachusetts.
A teacher from Greenville, however, said, “Career exposure has a big impact on kids. We’re not really wanting them to make a decision—‘I’m in the second grade and now I’m locked in to being whatever when I graduate from high school in 10 years.’ We just hope students walk across the graduation stage with plans for a career in mind.”
Modern times need modern solutions. When students leave school, they need to be already down their road to college, if that’s what they’re going to do, or schools need to give them something that allows them to get to work and earn a living. Just getting out with a high school degree doesn’t do that.
28.Why were the third graders disappointed
A.Their test failed. B.The bag missed the target.
C.Engineers disturbed them. D.They had to clean the ground.
29.What does Greenville do to help students follow their chosen path
A.Design more career paths. B.Invite engineers to their schools.
C.Adopt the open enrollment policy. D.Offer more courses for them to choose.
30.What is Jack Schneider concerned about
A.People’s employment. B.Students’ overall development.
C.The nation’s economy. D.The school’s innovative education.
31.Which statement would the author most likely agree with
A.Modern solutions are hard to find.
B.More students need college education.
C.Greenville’s practice is not acceptable.
D.A high school degree is not enough for jobs.
D
Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers, and supermarkets to promote a planet-friendly concept — or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging. “There’s a trend in New York right now where people are carrying cotton bags from local bakeries, hardware stores, or their favorite steakhouses,” said designer Rachel Comey.
So far, so earth-friendly Not exactly. It tums out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem.
An organic cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset (抵消) its overall impact of production, according to a 2021 study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark. That is equal to daily use for 54 years — for just one bag. Even when a bag does make it, most coloring matters used to print logos and decorations onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable in waste treatment factories.
That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, never break down, and block up the waterways.
Some brands are turning to other fabric solutions. British designer Ally Capellino recently swapped cotton for straw, while designer Anya Hindmarch introduced a new version of her original bag, this time made from recycled water bottles. In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. “Not every product needs a bag,” Comey said.
32.Why on earth do companies offer cotton bags
A.To provide convenience to their customers.
B.To cut down on the use of plastic packaging.
C.To advertise themselves as eco-friendly ones.
D.To promote the concept of protecting the earth.
33.What do we know about the cotton bags
A.They can be used for over five decades.
B.They do much harm to the environment.
C.They have logos printed with natural materials.
D.They can be recycled in waste treatment factories.
34.How does the production of plastic bags affect the environment
A.It consumes too much water. B.It saves the use of fossil fuels.
C.It pollutes the earth’s atmosphere. D.It increases the use of pesticides.
35.Which might be the best title for the text
A.Plastic Bags Beat Cotton Bags B.A Revolution for Bag Designers
C.How to Choose Bags for Yourself D.Less Packaging, Better Environment
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships. 36 First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.
Changing Your Behavior
●Think before you speak. 37 Sometimes, it’s best to let small indiscretions (轻率的行为) go. Try taking a few deep breaths and leaving the room instead of criticizing.
●Separate the individual from their actions. If you work on separating the person from the action, you may naturally want to criticize less. As you realize you cannot judge a person’s character based on a single choice or decision, you will be unable to call someone out for being rude or disrespectful.
●Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones. 38
Communicating More Effectively
● 39 Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.
●Ask for what you want directly. Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism. 40 Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.
●Consider the other party’s perspective. If you criticize others too often, you may be shutting out the other person’s point of view. Try to step in another person’s shoes before criticizing and you may get some new and special ideas.
A.Give feedback rather than criticism.
B.However, there are ways to avoid criticism.
C.Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.
D.If you find yourself making assumptions about a person’s character, stop yourself.
E.If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.
F.Criticism should, ideally, be working towards an effective solution to a negative situation.
G.When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of buildings. Today, thousands of people come to 41 building conferences, and the idea that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly 42 in years to come. Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for 43 use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 44 indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been looking for ways to make these materials 45 for people and the planet.
Home builders can now use materials, such as green paints, that release significantly 46 amounts of chemical compounds, which people believe don’t 47 the quality of the air. 48 , our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating 49 healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or 50 by industry again and again. For example, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already 51 a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.
Look at it this way: no one 52 to create a building that destroy the planet. But our current industrial systems are basically causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So 53 of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are 54 a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a 55 effect on the world. It is not just the building industry, either. Entire cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building.
41.A.commercial B.green C.traditional D.simple
42.A.efficient B.changeable C.influential D.effective
43.A.relevant B.indoor C.flexible D.forward
44.A.revealed B.displayed C.exhibited D.discovered
45.A.careful B.comfortable C.stable D.safe
46.A.reduced B.revised C.delayed D.defined
47.A.destroy B.deny C.dissolve D.depress
48.A.Anyway B.Besides C.Anyhow D.However
49.A.exactly B.completely C.partially D.superficially
50.A.restored B.regain C.reused D.retain
51.A.developed B.stretched C.researched D.constructed
52.A.sets off B.sets about C.sets out D.sets up
53.A.instead B.because C.out D.regardless
54.A.adjusting B.adopting C.adapting D.admitting
55.A.functional B.sensible C.beneficial D.precious
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
The five interlocked Olympic rings have become fairly familiar at this point. But do you know what they mean and the story behind their 56 (create)
The 1912 Olympic Games, held in Sweden, were the first to include athletes from 57 were then considered the five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and America. 58 (inspire) by what had become a 59 (true) global event, Coubertin designed the symbol of the Games: the Olympic rings. Since 1920, the Olympic rings 60 (use) in every summer and winter Games.
Given what we know about colors and their many symbolic 61 (mean), it seems like it’d be safe to assume that each color featured in the Olympic rings would stand 62 something specific, like a continent. 63 in reality, that’s not the case at all. Coubertin 64 (choose) the six official Olympic colors——blue, yellow, black, green, red and white (featured in the background)——because when he introduced the symbol in 1913, every single flag of the nations 65 (participate) in the games could be reproduced using the colors in the Olympic symbol. Or, in his own words: “The six colors thus combined reproduce those of all nations without exception.”
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66.假定你是某校国际班的班长,你班将于下周三举行乒乓球比赛,请用英语写一则口头通知,内容包括:
1. 比赛时间与地点;
2. 报名截止时间;
3. 参赛者需自带装备。
注意:写作词数应为80左右。
参考词汇:乒乓球拍pingpong racket
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all, thank you.
第二节(满分25分)
67.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a nurse at the cancer care center where I’ve worked for seven years, I’ll do almost anything to make a patient feel better. But when I met Patty at the center, in 2011, she didn’t want my help.
She was a tiny 44-year-old single mom battling an aggressive head and neck cancer. Unlike many of our other patients, Patty was alone during her treatment, but no matter what I did. I couldn't get her to open up. She just buried herself in book or pulled a blanket over her head to fend off conversation.
Eventually I hit on a reliable way to make Patty smile: mentioning her nine-year-old son, Stephen. She'd tell me how well he did in school, how he'd been selected to read a poem he wrote at a local bookstore. She desperately wanted to live for him. With three kids myself, I totally understood how she felt.
After a year and a half of treatment, in August 2012, Patty was told her cancer had spread, and I learned she wouldn't live much longer. My first thought was, “What's going to happen to Stephen ”
Nurses at the center shared stories at their meetings about how bright and unusual the boy was. but no one seemed to know how to resolve the issue of what would happen to him when his mom died. My husband, Michael, who too works at the center, started hearing about Patty and Stephen.
One morning in October, Patty quietly slipped away. Michael and I picked Stephen up after school, drove him to a nearby park, and sat on a bench by a pond. I finally managed to say, “Stephen, we're sorry to have to tell you this, but your mom came to an end this morning.” The sound that came out of his mouth was like nothing I'd ever heard before. This skinny little guy sat between the two of us and just wailed (哀号) and wailed. It was as if his whole world was just destroyed.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Something inside me was telling me what to do.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, we took him home with us.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
1.B
【原文】W: I like the red sweater. What do you think
M: I like the red one too, but I think the blue one is better, and the green one is the best. The green colour really suits you.
2.C
【原文】W: Hey,I didn’t see you at the party last night. What’s wrong
M: Yeah,I failed my final exam so my dad didn’t allow me to go and I had to revise my notes.
3.B
【原文】W: Have you seen Sally recently, Stephen
M: No, Sandy. I heard that she has gone back to New York.
4.B
【原文】M: Hi, can I have a ticket for the next train to Manchester, please
W: The next train is at 12:30, leaving from Platform 2, $13.50 for the ticket.
M: OK, here is $15.
5.B
【原文】W: What do you eat for lunch at work
M: Oh, I usually just order a takeout.
W: I used to do the same thing, but I’ve got tired of it. Now I bring food with me from home.
M: That’s cool. But cooking takes a lot of time and energy.
6.B 7.C
【原文】W: I can hardly hear you, Nick!
M: Oh, we seem to have a bad connection on this phone.
W: Could you speak up, please
M: I’m talking as loud as I can.
W: I’m going to hang up and call again.
M: All right!
8.B 9.C
【原文】M: It’s said that 70% of the sky will be covered by the biggest solar eclipse in America this century, but it looks perfectly normal. Are you sure we’ll be able to see it in this area
W: It isn’t time yet. You have no patience. They said it would be at 20 minutes past 3.We still have another 10 minutes or so.
M: Is it true that the birds are going to stop singing
W: I’ll believe it when I see it,or rather, hear it.I’m going to go and get the paper to see with it.
M: That’s what you’ve been doing all morning
W: Yeah, well, they said you could go blind looking at it directly, so this is the safest way.
10.B 11.C 12.A
【原文】M: Would you like to have some ice cream I’ve got a variety of flavors for you to choose from. I’ve got strawberry, peach, chocolate, and coffee ice cream.
W: Wow! What choices you have! I wish I could, but I just can’t. I’m on a diet to lose weight.
M: Come on, it’s just a bite. It doesn’t really hurt to have just a bite.
W: I’d better not. Please don’t tempt me. Please!
M: Gee! You are really strong-willed.
W: You’re right. I’m not so easily attracted into doing something that I think is wrong.
M: Well, I’d better not tempt you. Otherwise, if I give you a piece of cake, you might ask for a glass of milk.
13.B 14.C 15.A 16.B
【原文】M: Hello, Jamia. How are you
W: Fine, thank you. And how about you
M: I’m also fine, Jamia. But we must choose our career now.
W: You are quite right. Success in life depends on the right choice of careers.
M: We must choose our career properly. May I know your choice of careers
W: Yes, of course.I have decided to become a doctor. Do you like this profession
M: Yes,I do. It is a good profession. Could you tell me why you have chosen this profession
W: Most of people are longing for the service of the doctors. There is a shortage of good doctors in our country. The people who live in the villages cannot find a good doctor.
M: Are you willing to go to the villages if necessary
W: Yes, of course. Well, could you tell me about your choice of careers
M: Of course.I want to be an agriculture researcher.
W: Most students like to be doctors, engineers or administrators. Why don’t you
M: Our country is an agricultural country. Our economy depends on agriculture. So I will get myself admitted into an agricultural university. I will do research on agriculture.
W: I appreciate your plan. But choosing a career is not enough. We must work hard to fulfill our plans.
M: Of course. We must do well in the H.S.C Examination, otherwise we will not be able to become a doctor or an agriculture researcher. Thank you, Jamia. It is really nice speaking to you.
W: You’re welcome. Goodbye. See you again.
M: Bye.
17.A 18.B 19.B 20.C
【原文】
M: Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth president of the United States. Every year on Presidents’ Day, we honor him as one of the greatest presidents in our country’s history. Abe Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky. At night, he liked to read by candlelight, but in the day he worked on his father’s farm. As an adult, he lived in Illinois and became a lawyer. He served in Congress where he spoke out against slavery. By the time Lincoln was elected to the president in 1860, the nation was horribly divided over the issue of slavery. Eleven southern states decided to “escape”from the United States. That meant they broke off to form their own nation, which then led to the American Civil War.President Lincoln fought to keep the U.S. together as one united country. In the “Gettysburg Address”, President Lincoln honored the thousands of soldiers who died on that battlefield. He called for the nation to come together so that the“government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth". After four long years, the American Civil War ended. Abraham Lincoln had kept the United States together in its most terrible crisis. Today, we remember him as a great leader who led his country out of its darkest hour.
21.A 22.B 23.B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。对旅游景点石山的景点内容、交通、门票等信息进行了介绍。
21.细节理解题。根据Basic Information段落下的“But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving.(但吸引人们参观的不仅仅是这座山的大小。石山令人印象深刻的是邦联纪念雕刻)”可知,石山最有名的是大型纪念雕刻。故选A。
22.细节理解题。根据What to Visit段落下的“Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village.(位于公园西门外的是历史悠久的石山村)”及“Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.(游客可以参观古董店,也可以购买当地工匠制作的艺术品和珠宝)”可知,游客们可以在西门外面购物。故选B。
23.细节理解题。根据Detailed Visiting Information段落下的“Admission: $8 per car(门票:每辆车8美元)”可知,Brown先生和家人坐两辆车去公园,需花费$8*2=$16。故选B。
【点睛】
24.D 25.B 26.C 27.A
【分析】本文为记叙文,文章主要介绍了David Roes 通过帮别人削铅笔赚钱的独特生意。
24.细节理解题。根据文章第一段He charges customers$15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection,using a variety of tools.可知David是通过把铅笔削完美赚钱的,所以D正确。
25.推理判断题。根据文章第4段It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for,以及Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.可知他是根据顾客的不同需求而提供不同的服务的,所以B正确。
26.词义猜测题。根据第五段David's unique business has really angered lots of people,who talk of inequality in America,saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil.可知这些人不赞成这种想法,认为花15美元学铅笔太贵了,这是不合理的,所以C正确。
27.观点态度题。根据文章第一段David Rees runs a truly distinctive business以及最后一段But there are those who actually value his service,as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.可知作者认为他的运营模式很独特,所以A正确。
28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述南卡罗来纳州格林维尔一所公立小学A.J.Whittenberg的工程周。每个月有一周,来自当地行业的工程师会参观教室,与学生谈论他们的职业生涯。
28.推理判断题。根据第一段“The brown paper bag hit the ground. A Michelin engineer picked it up and opened it, revealing a cracked, leaking egg. The third graders at A.J. Whittenberg Elementary School were disappointed when they saw the runny mess. (棕色纸袋掉到地上了。米其林的一位工程师把它捡起来打开,发现一个破裂、漏蛋液的鸡蛋。当A.J.Whittenberg小学的三年级学生看到这些乱七八糟的东西时,他们很失望。)”可知,三年级学生看到这些乱七八糟的东西时,他们很失望,是因为他们的实验失败了。故选A。
29.推理判断题。根据第三段“Greenville is now introducing the idea of a career path to students in primary school and giving students the option to follow those programs to middle and high schools. Each primary school focuses on a specific technical skill. The district allows students to attend schools outside of their attendance boundaries as long as space is available, which means students can choose to continue to follow their chosen career pathway at a middle school with corresponding programs. (格林维尔现在正在向小学学生引入职业道路的想法,并让学生可以选择跟随这些项目进入中学和高中。每一所小学都专注于一项特定的技术技能。该学区允许学生在有空间的情况下就读于其入学界限之外的学校,这意味着学生可以选择在有相应项目的中学继续走他们选择的职业道路。)”可知,格林维尔采用开放招生政策来帮助学生走自己选择的道路。故选C。
30.细节理解题。根据第五段““Schools are to not just prepare people for work and strengthen the economy, but also a place where students should experience art, music and think creatively,” said Jack Schneider, a professor of education at the University of Massachusetts. (马萨诸塞大学教育学教授Jack Schneider说:“学校不仅要让人们为工作做好准备,加强经济,也是学生应该体验艺术、音乐和创造性思维的地方。”)”可知,Jack Schneider教授认为学生们一个要全面的发展。故选B。
31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Modern times need modern solutions. When students leave school, they need to be already down their road to college, if that’s what they’re going to do, or schools need to give them something that allows them to get to work and earn a living. Just getting out with a high school degree doesn’t do that. (现代需要现代的解决方案。当学生离开学校时,他们需要已经在上大学的路上了,如果这是他们要做的,或者学校需要给他们一些东西,让他们能够工作和谋生。仅仅获得高中学位并不能做到这一点。)”可知,高中学历并不能让学生们将来工作和谋生。故选D。
32.C 33.B 34.C 35.D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章讨论了使用棉布包并没有大家所想的那么环保。
32.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers, and supermarkets to promote a planet-friendly concept—or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.(棉布包已经成为品牌、零售商和超市宣传保护地球观念的一种方式——或者至少是展现出这些公司已经意识到了塑料包装的过度使用)”可知,这些公司提供棉布包的本质目的是想要标榜他们是环保企业。故选C。
33.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“So far, so earth-friendly Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem.(到目前为止,如此环保吗?不尽然。事实证明,全心全意地接受棉布包可能造成一个新问题)”以及第三段中的“An organic cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset (抵消) its overall impact of production, according to a 2021 study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark.(根据一份丹麦环境食品部门2021年的研究表明,一个有机棉布包需要被使用两万次才能抵消它在生产过程中所产生的全部影响)”可知,到目前为止,使用棉布包听上去很环保,但事实并非如此。我们全心接纳的棉布包实际上产生了新的问题。根据丹麦环境食品部门2021年的研究表明,一个有机棉布包需要被使用两万次才能抵消它在生产过程中所产生的全部影响,由此可知,棉布包可以对环境造成巨大影响。故选B。
34.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“While cotton can use pesticides and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, never break down, and block up the waterways.(虽然棉花使用杀虫剂,并使河流因用水而干涸,但轻型塑料袋使用会排放温室气体的化石燃料,永远不会分解,并堵塞水道。)”可知,轻便的塑料袋使用会排放出温室气体的化石燃料生产,无法分解,同时会阻塞河道,由此可知,塑料袋的生产会以污染大气的方式影响环境。故选C。
35.主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及文章第五段中的“In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. ‘Not every product needs a bag,’ Comey said.(最后,最简单的解决方案可能是最明显的。科米说,并不是每个产品都需要一个包。)”可知,全文探讨了棉布包给环境带来的影响和危害,同时提出最简单的解决办法也是最明显的,即并非所有的产品都需要一个袋子,由此可知,本文的最好标题应为“减少包装,保护环境”。故选D。
36.B 37.G 38.C 39.A 40.E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一些如何避免批评别人的方法。
36.上文“Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships.(批评对健康的关系是有害的。)”说明人际交往中批评别人不利于关系的健康发展。下文“First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.(首先,努力改变你自己的行为。然后,如果有人打扰你,找到有效的沟通方式。)”给出一些具体的解决方法。B项“However, there are ways to avoid criticism.(然而,有一些方法可以避免批评。)”承上启下,符合语境。故选B项。
37.上文“Think before you speak.(三思之后再说话。)”说明该段给出的建议是说话之前应该好好思考。G项“When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.(当你想要提出批评时,停下来想想是否真的需要说点什么。)”是对该段主旨的进一步解释,说明想要批评之前应该先思考,符合语境。故选G项。
38.该段主旨句“Focus on positives.(关注积极的方面。)”以及空前“Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones.(通常,批判源于你选择如何看待一个情况。每个人都有缺点。然而,绝大多数人都有好的品质,而不是坏的。)”说明该段主要讲述每个人都有缺点,然而大多数人的优点多于缺点,人们应该多关注别人积极的方面。C项“Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.(试着关注一个人的积极品质而不是消极品质。)”承接上文,其中的“focus on a person’s positive qualities”和段首“Focus on positives”相呼应,说明我们应该多关注一个人的积极品质。故选C项。
39.上文“Communicating More Effectively(更有效地沟通)”说明该部分给出的避免批评的方法是进行有效沟通。下文“Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.(有些人可能有需要解决的问题。然而,反馈与批评是截然不同的。在解决一个问题的时候,把重点放在你可以提出的帮助他人提高的建议上,这比批评更有效。)”说明该段主要讲述帮助别人解决问题时,反馈并且给出建议比批评更有效。A项“Give feedback rather than criticism.(给予反馈而不是批评。)”置于句首,概括该段主旨,符合语境。故选A项。
40.段首句“Ask for what you want directly.(直接说出你想要的东西。)”说明该段主要讲述在有效沟通中需要直接表达自己的需求。上文“Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism.(低效的沟通往往会招致严厉的批评。)”说明无效的沟通会导致批评。下文“Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.(一定要以一种直接、有礼貌的方式提出你的要求。这将消除批评的必要。)”说明直接提出需求是有效的沟通方式,会消除沟通过程中的批评。E项“If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.(如果你不告诉别人你想要什么,就不能指望那个人知道。)”承上启下,说明在有效沟通中要直接说出自己的需求,否则别人将不会知道,这将导致无效沟通和批评。故选E项。
41.B 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.D 46.A 47.A 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今天,成千上万的人参加绿色建筑会议,建筑对人类和环境有益的想法在未来几年将越来越有影响力。而作者他们也一直在寻找使材料对人类和地球安全的方法。
41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:今天,成千上万的人参加绿色建筑会议,建筑对人类和环境有益的想法在未来几年将越来越有影响力。A. commercial商业的;B. green绿色的、环境保护的;C. traditional传统的;D. simple简单的。根据后文“buildings can be good for people and the environment”可知,建筑对人类和环境有益,说明是绿色(环保)建筑会议。故选B。
42.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:今天,成千上万的人参加绿色建筑会议,建筑对人类和环境有益的想法在未来几年将越来越有影响力。A. efficient效率高的;B. changeable变化的;C. influential有影响力的;D. effective有效的。上文提到如今有成千上万的人参加绿色建筑会议,所以作者预测这一趋势在未来几年将越来越有影响力。故选C。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:早在1984年,我们就发现大多数用于装饰的产品并不是为室内使用而设计的。A. relevant有关的;B. indoor室内的;C. flexible灵活的;D. forward向前的。根据后文“indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet (室内空气质量问题是由油漆、墙面覆盖物和地毯等材料引起的)”可知,装饰室内的产品会引发空气质量问题,此处指用于装饰的产品并不是为室内使用而设计的。故选B。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意:20世纪70年代能源危机后建造的“节能”密封商业建筑暴露出由油漆、墙面和地毯等材料引起的室内空气质量问题。A. revealed揭露;B. displayed展示;C. exhibited展示;D. discovered发现。根据后文宾语“indoor air quality problems”可知,指暴露出了室内空气质量问题。故选A。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因此,20年来,我们一直在寻找使这些材料对人类和地球安全的方法。A. careful仔细的;B. comfortable舒服的;C. stable稳定的;D. safe安全的。上文提到由油漆、墙面和地毯等材料引起的室内空气质量问题,所以是寻找对人类和地球安全的方法。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:房屋建筑商现在可以使用绿色涂料等材料,这些材料释放的化合物数量大大减少,人们认为这些化合物不会破坏空气质量。A. reduced减少的;B. revised改进的;C. delayed延时的;D. defined外形清晰的。根据上文“Home builders can now use materials, such as green paints”以及后文“amounts of chemical compounds”可知,使用绿色涂料等材料,会让这些材料释放的化合物数量大大减少,故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:房屋建筑商现在可以使用绿色涂料等材料,这些材料释放的化合物数量大大减少,人们认为这些化合物不会破坏空气质量。A. destroy破坏;B. deny否定;C. dissolve解散;D. depress使沮丧。根据后文“the quality of the air”以及which指的是上文提到的绿色涂料材料释放的化合物数量大大减少的情况,所以是这些化合物不会破坏空气质量。故选A。
48.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们的基本设计策略不仅仅是专注于“不那么糟糕”,而是创造完全健康的材料,这些材料既可以安全地返回土壤,也可以一次又一次地被工业重复使用。A. Anyway无论如何;B. Besides此外;C. Anyhow无论怎么;D. However然而。结合前后文语境可知此处为转折关系,应用however。故选D。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们的基本设计策略不仅仅是专注于“不那么糟糕”,而是创造完全健康的材料,这些材料既可以安全地返回土壤,也可以一次又一次地被工业重复使用。A. exactly恰好地;B. completely完全地;C. partially部分地;D. superficially肤浅地。后文提到“这些材料既可以安全地返回土壤,也可以一次又一次地被工业重复使用”,所以是创造完全健康的材料。故选B。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们的基本设计策略不仅仅是专注于“不那么糟糕”,而是创造完全健康的材料,这些材料既可以安全地返回土壤,也可以一次又一次地被工业重复使用。A. restored恢复;B. regain重新获得;C. reused再用;D. retain保持。根据上文“healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or”可知,此处是在说明这种材料的好处,既可以安全地返回土壤,也可以一次又一次地被工业重复使用。故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:例如,世界上最大的地毯制造商已经开发出一种完全安全可回收的地毯。A. developed开发、研制;B. stretched拉长;C. researched研究;D. constructed建造。根据主语“the world’s largest carpet manufacturer”可知,指世界上最大的地毯制造商已经开发出一种完全安全可回收的地毯。故选A。
52.考查动词短语辨析。句意:从这个角度来看:没有人打算建造一座摧毁地球的建筑。A. sets off出发;B. sets about着手,开始;C. sets out(怀着目标)开始工作;D. sets up建立。根据后文“to create a building that destroy the planet”指打算建造一座摧毁地球的建筑应用set out to do sth.(开始做某事)。故选C。
53.考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意:因此,我们不是简单地试图减少损害,而是采取一种积极的方法。A. instead相反;B. because因为;C. out出去;D. regardless不管。根据后文“of simply trying to reduce the damage”可知,我们不是简单地试图减少损害,而是采取一种积极的方法。为短语instead of表示“而不是”。故选A。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,我们不是简单地试图减少损害,而是采取一种积极的方法。A. adjusting适应;B. adopting采取;C. adapting改编;D. admitting承认。根据后文“a positive approach”指采取积极的方法对建筑进行改造,应用动词adopt。故选B。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们为人们提供高质量、健康的产品,让人们有机会做出对世界有益的选择。A. functional实用的;B. sensible理智的;C. beneficial有益的;D. precious宝贵的。根据上文“healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a”以及后文“Entire cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building.(整个城市都在采用这些对环境有益的方法进行设计、规划和建设)”可知,高质量、健康的产品,让人们有机会做出对世界有益的选择。故选C。
56.creation 57.what 58.Inspired 59.truly 60.have been used 61.meanings 62.for 63.But 64.chose 65.participating
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奥运五环的来历和选择蓝、黄、黑、绿、红和白六种颜色的原因。
56.考查名词。句意:但你知道它们的含义和它们诞生背后的故事吗 根据句意和空格前的介词behind以及所给动词create分析句子可知,空格处应该填入create的名词形式creation作宾语。故填creation。
57.考查连接代词。句意:1912年在瑞典举行的奥运会,是第一次有来自当时被认为是五大洲:非洲、亚洲、欧洲、大洋洲和美洲的运动员参加的奥运会。根据句意和空格前的介词from分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个宾语从句,该宾语从句缺少主语,且意义为“……事物”,所以应该用连接代词what。故填what。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意:受这一真正的全球盛会的启发,顾拜旦设计了奥运会的标志:奥林匹克五环。根据句意和所给动词inspire分析句子可知,空格处只能用inspire的非谓语形式作状语,因为动词inspire和句子的主语Coubertin之间是逻辑被动关系,所以应该用过去分词inspired作状语。故填Inspired。
59.考查副词。句意:受这一真正的全球盛会的启发,顾拜旦设计了奥运会的标志:奥林匹克五环。根据句意和所给形容词true以及空格后的global分析句子可知,空格处应该填入true的副词形式truly作状语,修饰后面的global。故填truly。
60.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:从1920年开始,奥林匹克五环开始在每年的夏季和冬季奥运会上使用。根据句意和所给动词use分析句子可知,空格处是该句子的谓语部分,由时间状语since 1920可知,该句子应该用现在完成时;句子的主语the Olympic rings和动词use之间是被动关系,所以应该用被动语态;主语the Olympic rings是复数形式,所以谓语动词也应该用复数形式。故填have been used。
61.考查可数名词单复数。句意:鉴于我们对颜色及其许多象征意义的了解,似乎可以有把握地假设,奥运五环中的每一种颜色都代表着特定的东西,比如一块大陆。根据句中的介词about和空格前的many以及所给动词mean分析句子可知,空格处应该填入mean的名词形式meaning作介词about的宾语,且应该用复数形式meanings。故填meanings。
62.考查介词。句意:鉴于我们对颜色及其许多象征意义的了解,似乎可以有把握地假设,奥运五环中的每一种颜色都代表着特定的东西,比如一块大陆。根据句意和空格前的动词stand分析句子可知,此处是考查动词stand和介词for的搭配stand for(代表)。故填 for。
63.考查连词。句意:但在现实中,情况并非如此。根据句意可知,空格后的内容在意义上和上文的内容是转折关系,所以空格处应该用转折连词but。故填But。
64.考查时态。句意:顾拜旦之所以选择蓝色、黄色、黑色、绿色、红色和白色(背景色)这六种奥林匹克官方颜色,是因为当他在1913年引入这一标志时,每一面参加奥运会的国家的国旗都可以用这六种颜色来复制。根据句意和所给动词choose分析句子可知,空格处是该句子的谓语部分,根据后文“when he introduced the symbol in 1913”可知,该句子应该用一般过去时。故填 chose。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意:顾拜旦之所以选择蓝色、黄色、黑色、绿色、红色和白色(背景色)这六种奥林匹克官方颜色,是因为当他在1913年引入这一标志时,每一面参加奥运会的国家的国旗都可以用这六种颜色来复制。根据句意和所给动词participate分析句子可知,空格处应该填入participate的非谓语形式作定语,修饰前面的名词nations,因为nations和动词participate之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词形式participating作定语。故填participating。
66.One possible version:
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please
In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday. The details are as follows.
First, the match will begin at eight o’clock on next Wednesday morning on the school playground. Second, participants should sign up before 6 pm next Monday in the office of the Student Union. Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket.
That’s all, thank you.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。题目要求考生为班级将于下周三举行的乒乓球比赛写一则口头通知,需介绍比赛时间与地点,说明报名截止时间,提醒参赛者自带装备。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
比赛:match→competition, contest
首先:first→initially, to begin with, in the first place
参加:take part→participate, join
提前:in advance→ahead of time, ahead
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday.
拓展句:A pingpong match will be held next Wednesday so that we can enrich our school life and build up our body.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket. (运用了现在分词短语taking part作后置定语)
67.Something inside me was telling me what to do. I wanted to help the poor boy. Although I had three children of my own and a modest family income, I decided to adopt the boy. I told my husband what I thought, and he immediately agreed, saying, "That's exactly what I wanted to tell you." I told the boy we would give him a home and take care of him for his mother. The boy nodded, crying.
Finally, we took him home with us. We introduced Stephen to our three children and told them that he would live with us in the future. My children happily accepted and warmly took Steven to visit his new home and discussed making room for Steven. I was glad that my children were so kind and willing to share everything with other children. Stephen soon integrated into our family and lived a happy life with us.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者在癌症护理中心作护士,Patty是一位患有脑癌的病人,她去世后留下了她的儿子Stephen,Stephen知道自己的妈妈去世后哭得很厉害。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“我内心的某种东西在告诉我该怎么做。”可知,第一段可描写作者具体的打算,也就是要收养这个男孩。
②由第二段首句内容“最后,我们带他和我们一起回家”可知,第二段可描写作者带Stephen回家后所发生的事情。
2.续写线索:决定收养——告诉丈夫——Stephen同意——孩子们接受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①决定:decide/determine
②告诉:tell/inform
③点头:nod/give the nod
④接受:accept/take
情绪类
①高兴地:happily/delightedly
②热情地:warmly/fervidly
【点睛】[高分句型1]Although I had three children of my own and a modest family income, I decided to adopt the boy.(由although引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2]I told my husband what I thought, and he immediately agreed, saying, "That's exactly what I wanted to tell you."(由what引导的宾语从句,现在分词作状语,what引导的表语从句)

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