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八年级英语下册Unit 2
Section A预习指导
一、知识点
1.Clean up 打扫干净
注意：clean up后的宾语如果是人称代词，则须位于之间
Eg: Clean it up 把它打扫干净
Clean (动词) “打扫”
(名词) “干净的”
Eg: clean the room
打扫房间
The room is clean.
这个房间很干净。
2.Help (动) “帮忙”
（1）help sb.with sth.
= help sb.(to) do sth “帮忙做某事”
（2）help oneself to... “随便吃/喝...”
（3）can’t help doing sth. “情不自禁做某事”
Help (名) “帮忙”
with one’s help
= with the help of sb. “在某人的帮助下”
Eg: She always helps her mother clean the room.
她总是帮她的妈妈打扫房间。
With the help of the teacher, my English is improving.
在老师的帮助下，我的英语正在提升。
3.Offer help 提供帮助
Offer (动词) “提供”
常见搭配：offer sb.sth.= offer sth.to sb.
提供某人某物
Eg: She offered me lots of help.
= She offered lots of help to me.
她给我提供了许多帮助。
4.Hope (动词) “希望”
常见搭配：hope to do sth.= hope + that 从句
Eg: I hope to visit Beijing one day.
= I hope that I will visit Beijing one day.
我希望有一天参观北京。
5.Work outside 去外面工作
6.The sick kids 生病的孩子
补充：“the + 形容词”常用来表示这一类人
Eg: the old 老年人
The young 年轻人
The sick 病人
7.In the hospital 在医院里
In hospital 住院
Eg: Mr.Wang works in the hospital.
王先生在这所医院工作。
Mr.Wang is in hospital.
王先生住院了。
8.Cheer sb.up
= make sb.Happy
使某人高兴起来
Eg: Let’s do something to cheer him up.
让我们做些事使他高兴起来。
9.give相关搭配：
Give out 分发
Give away 捐赠
Give up 放弃
Give in 屈服
Give back 归还
Give off 发出（气味/光/热等）
10.At the food bank 食品救济站
11.Volunteer (名词) “志愿者”
(动词) “志愿做”
常见搭配：volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
Eg: Tony volunteered to take part in the sports meeting.
托尼自愿参加运动会。
12.Teach （动词）“教”
常用结构：teach sb.sth. “教某人某事”
Eg: Miss.Wang teaches us English.
“王老师教我们英语。”
Teach oneself “自学”
Eg: He teaches himself English.
“他自学英语。”
Teach sb.to do sth. “教某人做某事”
Eg: I teach him to speak English.
“我教他学英语。”
派生词：teacher (名词) “老师”
e up with 想出；指出
常见搭配：
come on 快点；加油
Come out 出版；开花；出来
Come over 过来；顺便来访
Come true 实现
Come from 来自
14.Plan (名词) “计划”
make a plan 制定计划
(动词) “计划”
plan to do sth.计划做某事
Eg: You should make a plan before you do something.
你在做事之前应该制定个计划。
We plan to visit Beijing next week.
我们计划下周参观北京。
15.Tell sb.about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
Eg: She tells me about her experience.
她给我讲了她的经历。
16.Put off 推迟
常见搭配：
put up 张贴；搭建；举起
Put on 穿上
Put away 收起来
Put out 扑灭
Put down 放下
Put back 放回原处
17.Notice (名词) “布告；通知”
Notice (动词) “注意”
常见搭配：notice sb.do/ doing sth. 注意到某人做了/正在做某事
Eg: She noticed a girl swimming in the river.
她注意到一个小女孩正在河里游泳。
18.Hand ...out 分发
Hand ...in 上交
Eg: I’ll hand them out after school.
我会放学后分发给他们。
19.Call sb.Up
= ring sb.up 给某人打电话
Eg: We could each call up 10 students.
我们能每次征召10学生。
20.Ask sb.(not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事
Eg: My mum asked me to finish my homework before dinner.
我妈妈要求我晚饭前完成作业。
21.Old people’s home 老年之家
22.Help out 帮忙
23.Things like reading the newspaper to the old people
向给老人读报之类的事
24.Tell a story 讲故事
Eg: They told me stories about the past.
他们给我讲关于过去的故事。
25.Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
Be used to doing sth.习惯做某事
Be used to do sth.被用来做某事
Eg: I used to work by car, but now I am used to working on foot.
我过去常常开车上班，但是现在我习惯走路上班。
The machine is used to wash clothes.
这个机器是用来洗衣服的。
26.Lonely 与 alone区别：
Lonely (形容词) “孤独的”；“偏僻的”
Alone (副词) “独自一人”
Eg: The old man lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
那位老人独自一人居住但是他不感到孤单。
27.Listen to ... “听...”
Eg: Listen to the teacher carefully.
认真听老师讲课。
28.Care for ...
= look after
= take care of ... “照顾...”
常见搭配：take care 小心
Care about 关心；在意
Take care of 照顾
Eg: You must care for yourself.
你一定要照顾好自己。
29.Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
Give up 时间 to do sth. 腾出时间做某事
Eg: Don’t give up chasing your dream.
不要放弃追逐你的梦想。
Can you give up one hour to teach me English
你能腾出一个小时叫我英语吗？
30.Several
= a few
= some + 名词复数 “几个...”
Eg: There are several boys in the class.
这个班中只有一个男孩。
31.each与every区别：
Each 强调整体中的个体，做形容词用来修饰名词，做代词时可以与of连用
Eg: each student 每个学生
Each of them 他们每个人
every强调整体，不能与of连用
Eg: Every student was here.
每个学生都在这了。
32.Want to be a/an ... 成为一名...
Eg: I want to be a writer when I grow up.
我长大想成为作家。
33.Every Saturday morning 每周六上午
On Saturday morning 在周六上午
34.Believe (动词) “相信”
固定搭配：believe sb. “相信某人”
believe sb./ sth.(to be) + 形容词/名词 “相信/认为某人/某物是...”
believe that 从句 “相信/认为...”
believe in ... “信奉（宗教、神等）；信任（人格、力量等）”
It’s believed that 从句 “人们都相信...”
Eg: I believe him all the time.
我一直都相信他。
Do you believe his reports
你相信他的报告吗？
I believe that he can pass the exam.
我相信他能通过考试。
We believe in his ability.
我们相信他的才干。
It is believed that God will see everything.
相信老天会看到一切。
35.Learn more about ... 更了解...
Learn to do sth.学习做某事
Eg: She learned to play the piano.
她学习弹钢琴。
36.特殊疑问词 + to do sth.
Eg: Where to go 去哪
How to do 怎么做
37.Get a strong feeling of satisfaction 产生一种强烈的满足感
38.Feeling (名词) “感觉”
-- feel (动词) “感觉”
Eg: the feeling of satisfaction 满足感
39.Satisfaction (名词) “满足”
-- satisfy (动词) “满足”
To one’s satisfaction 令某人满足的是
Eg: To their satisfaction, everyone gives them a warm welcome.
令他们满意的是，每个人都热烈欢迎他们。
40.Own (动词) “拥有” (形容词) “某人自己的”
-- owner (名词) “主人”
One’s own + 名词 “某人自己的”
Eg: This is my own house.
这是我自己的房子。
41.Such (形容词) “如此的”
常见结构：such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词
Such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词
So (副词) “如此”
常见结构：so + 形容词/副词
So + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词
So + many/much/few/ little + 名词
Eg: She is such a kind girl.
= She is so kind a girl.
她是如此可爱的一个女孩。
42.By oneself
= on one’s own 某人自己
Eg: She can learn English by herself.
= She can learn English on her own.
她可以自学英语。
43.At the age of... “在...岁时”
Eg: I started to learn English at the age of five.
我五岁开始学英语。
44.Decide to do sth. 决定做某事
Decide (动词) “决定” -- decision (名词) “决定”
Make a decision 做决定
Eg: She decided to be a writer.
她决定成为作家。
45.Try out 参加...；选拔
46.Once a week 一周一次
注意：就其提问用how often开头
-- How often do you have English in a week
-- Three times a week.
你一周学几次英语？
一周三次。
47.Go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
Go on to do sth.继续做另一件事
Go on a + 名词 进行/举行...
Eg: Let’s go on talking about this.
让我们继续讨论这吧。
48.动名词作主语谓语动词用单数
Watching English movie is a way to learn English.
看英语电影是学英语的一种方式。
49.Dream come true. 梦想成真。
Eg: My dream will come true one day.
我的梦想有一天会成真。
50.At the same time 同时
Eg: I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.
我可以做我爱做的事通安徽帮助其他人。
51.Would like to do sth.
= want to do sth.= feel like doing sth.
想要做某事
Eg: I would like to be a scientist.
我想成为一名科学家。
二、练习题
一、英汉互译
1.Put off _______
2.振奋起来 ___________
3.Make a plan __________
4.打扫干净 __________
5.At the age of ...__________
二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.The old man usually stays at home by himself, so he feels l_______.
2.We need a _______ (志愿者) to help look after the kids.
3.S_______ of my friends are learning English at language schools.
4.There was a ________ (通知) on the board.
5.She looked at her painting with s__________.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.I hope _______ (be) a volunteer in an after - school reading program.
2.We can’t put off _______(do) our homework until tomorrow.
3.Mary asked me ________ (see) the film last weekend.
4.I used to ______ (be) a shy girl.
5.I didn’t have breakfast.Now I have a _______ (feel) of hunger.
四、单项选择
( )1.Look! Your room is so dirty.Please ______.
A.clean up it
B.clean up them
C.clean it up
D.clean them up
( )2.Don’t ______ the advertisements on this board.
A.put down
B.put on
C.put up
D.put off
( )3.I hope _______ my spoken English can you help me
A.improve
B.improves
C.improving
D.to improve
( )4.I think it is popular to _____ red envelopes on WeChat during festivals.
A.give out
B.give away
C.give back
D.give up
( )5.I need to _______ some way so of getting money because I have no money.
A.pick up
B.come up with
C.take up
D.set up
( )6.My parents ______ me to the zoo when I was young.
A.was used to take
B.is used to taking
C.used to take
D.used to taking
( )7.We don’t know _____ next.Let’s go and ask Mr.Li.
A.what to do
B.to do what
C.to do which
D.to do how
( )8.-- We hope to help poor children without enough food.
-- You _____ set up a food bank.
A.must
B.could
C.need
D.have to
( )9.After a short rest, they go on _______.
A.study
B.to study
C.studying
D.to studying
( )10.They volunteer _____ at the local hospital.
A.to work
B.working
C.work
D.to working
五、翻译句子
1.他们同时到达终点线。
They arrived at the finishing line _____ _____ ______ _____.
2.我相信总有一天我的梦想会实现。
I believe my dream can ______ ______ one day.
3.我们得尽力使他振作起来。
We should try to ______ ______ ______.
4.这位老人并不感到寂寞，他的孩子每周去看他一次。
This old man doesn’t ______ ______, his children go to see him _____ _____ _____.
5.我们不能推迟这次会议。
We can’t ______ ______ the meeting.
六、句型转换
1.He wants to be an animals doctor.(同义句转换)
He ______ ______ _____ _____ an animal doctor.
2.She learnt English at the age of five.(同义句转换)
She learnt English _____ _____ _____ five years old.
3.Mary has a dream job because she can do what she loves to do.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ Mary ______ a dream job
4.To learn English well is important for us.(同义句转换)
______ _______ important for us ______ ______ English.
5.She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.(同义句转换)
She is ______ ______ ______ everyone likes her.
七、补全对话
A: Would you like to have dinner with me this evening, Eric
B: 1.______ Maybe another time.
A: What are you doing
B: I’m making a plan.2.______
A: What plan Is it very important
B: Yes.I always do voluntary work on the first Saturday of every month.
A: 3.______
B: I volunteer at the children’s hospital.I help to plan some activities.
A: 4.______
B: Of course.You could help to make the sick children happy.
A: 5._____ I can tell them some interesting stories.
A.Er...Eric, could I join you
B.When do you want to do voluntary work
C.What kind of voluntary work do you do
D.Sorry, I’d love to, but I’m busy.
E.Could you come and help me
F.Oh, I’d love to do that.
G.I must finish it on time.
附：参考答案
一、1.推迟
2.cheer ...up
3.制定计划
4.clean up
5.在...岁时
二、1.lonely 2.volunteer
3. Several 4.notice 5.satisfaction
三、1.to be 2.doing 3.to see
4.be 5.feeling
四、1 -- 5 CCDAB 6 -- 10 CABCA
五、1.at the same time
2.come true
3.cheer him up
4.feel lonely; once a week
5.put off
六、1.would like to be
2.when she was
3.Why does; have
4.It is; to learn
5.so lovely that
七、1 -- 5 DGCAF

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