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Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents 知识梳理
一、短语荟萃
1. talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈 2.study too much学得过多
3. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 4.have free time有空闲时间
5.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 6.hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛
7. too many太多 8.after-school classes课外活动课
9. get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架 10. until midnight直到半夜
11. write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.给某人写信
12. call sb. up打电话给某人 13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶
14. be good at +v.ing 擅长于做某事 15.look through翻看
16. give ....back归还 17.be angry with sb. 生某人的气
18. a big deal重要的事 19. work out成功地发展;解决
20. get on/along with与...相处 21. fight a lot经常吵架/打架
22. hang over笼罩 23.be nice to sb.对某人友好
24. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 25. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
26. so that以便 municate with sb.与...... 沟通
28. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 29. all the time一直
30. agree/disagree with (不)同意...... 31. make sb. angry使某人生气
32. be worried about sth. 担心某事 33. copy one’ s homework抄某人的作业
34. be oneself做自己 35.be afraid of 害怕......
36.not ......anymore 不再... 37.family members
38. spend time alone独自消磨时光 39. give sb. pressure给某人施压
40. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 41. compete with sb. 与某人竞争
42. free time activities业余活动 43. get better grades取得更好的成绩
44.each other 相互 45. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点
46. take after-school classes上校外课 47. learn exam skills学习应试技巧
48. practice sports体育训练 49.cut out删除
50.all kinds of 各种各样的 51.compare .....with....与......对比
52. too much pressure 太大压力 53.cause stress造成压力
二、重点句型
1.What's wrong
2. I'm really tired because I studied until midnight last night.
3. Why don't you go to sleep earlier this evening
4. But why don't you forget about it so that you can be friends again
5. Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal.
6. My problem is that I can't get on with my family.
7. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
8. You should explain that you don't mind him watching TV all the time.
三、知识讲解和拓展延伸
allow的用法
My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.
我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。
allow作动词，意为“允许;准许”。用法如下：
allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。
His parents won't allow him to stay out late.他的父母不允许他在外面待到很晚。
（2）allow sb. sth. “给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间)；让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。
He allows her daughter too much free time.他给他的女儿太多自由的时间。
（3）allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。
We don’t allow smoking here. 我们不允许在此抽烟。
（4）allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”。
I can’t allow such a thing. 我不允许发生这样的事。
例 一My parents don't allow me_________my phone on school days.
—They are strict. But they always want the best for you.
use B.to use C.using D.used
答案：B
2.until 的用法
I'm really tired because I studied until midnight last night.
我真的很累,因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。
until 在此处作介词,意为“直到……为止”。
I'd like to stay here until Christmas.我想在这儿一直待到圣诞节。
拓展延伸： until 还可以用作连词,引导时间状语从句。
用于肯定句 主句的谓语动词用延续性动词,它所表示的动作一直持续到 until 表示的时间为止,意为“直到……为止”
用于否定句 主句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,它所表示的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到……才……”
We'll wait until the rain stops.我们将一直等到雨停。
They did not return home until it began to rain.直到开始下雨他们才回家。
例--Mike, why are you reading outside
--I cannot enter the library_______it opens.
A.because B.if C.until
答案:C
3.look through 的用法
Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.
哦,昨天我发现我姐姐正在翻看我的东西。
本句中的 look through是固定短语,意为“快速查看;浏览”。
I looked through the notes before the exam.我考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
归纳look短语
look up 向上看;查阅 look down on 瞧不起
look for 寻找 look through浏览
look at 看 look over检查
look after照顾 look out 小心
look around环顾 look forward to 期待
例 --Mom,I want to buy some novels.
-Before choosing a book, you'd better ________some pages to know whether it's easy or hard for you.
look through B.look for C.look at
答:A
4.so that 的用法
But why don't you forget about it so that you can be friends again
但你为什么不把它忘了呢 这样你们就可以再做朋友了。
so that 意为“以便;为了”,引导目的状语从句。
辨析: so that so...that such...that 的区别
(1)so that: so that 意为“以便;为了”,引导目的状语从句;
(2)so...that : so...that 表示“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句,so后跟
形容词或副词;
(3)such...that : such...that表示“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句,such 后
跟名词。
She is such a good teacher that we all like her.她是这么好的一位老师,我们都喜欢她。
例 The teacher speaks very loudly ______ all the students can hear her.
so that B.because C.since D.when
答案：A
5.although 引导让步状语从句的用法
Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal.尽管她做得不对,但也没什么大不了的。
although 是连词,意为“尽管;即使”,引导让步状语从句。
注意：
although、though、even though 都可以用来引导让步状语从句，它们都不能和but同时使用。
例 _______Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students.
A. Although B.If C.Because D.When
答案:A
6. get on with
get on意为“相处，进展”，也可用get along with。get on with sb. 意为“与某人和睦相处/关系良好”；get on well/badly with sth. 意为“某事进展顺利/不好”。 He gets on (well) with his classmates.他和同学们相处融洽。
拓展延伸
get on 还有“上车”的意思，后面常接bus; train等表示交通工具的词；反义词为get off。
The old man got on/ off the bus slowly.那位老人慢慢地上/下了公共汽车。
例 --I find it easy to _____ Susan.
--Yes. She is friendly and outgoing.
A.take place of B.get on with C.compare with
答案：B
7. argue的用法
When they argue , it's like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候,就像有一团巨大的乌云笼罩在我们家的上方。
argue作动词，意为“争论，争吵”。
常用短语为：
argue with sb. 与某人争吵
argue about/on/over sth. 争辩某事
argue for/against sth. 为赞成/反对某事而辩论
Don't argue with your parents.不要和你的父母争吵。
Next class we’re arguing about family activities. 下节课我们辩论家庭活动。
argue对应的名词为argument
常用词组为：
have an argument with sb. about/ on sth. 因某事与某人争论。
I had an argument with my best friend last week.上星期我与我最好的朋友吵了一架。
拓展延伸
argue与discuss的辨析：
（1）argue着重于自己的看法、立场，提出论据，以理说服他人。
There is no need arguing about the matter. 不必就此事辩论了。
（2）discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有说服对方的成分。
We’re going to discuss the question. 我们打算讨论这个问题。
Do what you are told and don't argue with me.做让你做的事情,别和我争论。
例-I _______with my best friend last night. What should I do
--Why not call her up and say sorry to her
A.explained B.argued C.competed
答案: B
Instead的用法
Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
instead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。
She never studies. Instead, she plays badminton all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打羽毛球。
拓展延伸
辨析instead与instead of
（1）instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不翻译。instead通常放在句首或句末，在句首时用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。
He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema.他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。
（2）instead of“代替，而不是”, 是介词短语，后面可接与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。
He went to the Internet cafe instead of going to school.他去了网吧而不是学校。
例 He didn't do his homework. He watched TV all day _______.
later B.either C.instead D.yet
答案：C
9. offer的用法
If your parents are having problems , you should offer to help.
如果你的父母有问题,你应当主动帮助他们。
offer 作动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予”， offer 还可以作名词,意为“主动提议;建议”。
He offered to lend me his bike.他主动提出要把他的自行车借给我。
Thank you for your kind offer of help.谢谢你的好心帮助。
拓展延伸
offer 的搭配有:
（1）offer sth. to sb.= offer sb.sth. 给某人提供某物
They offered us some tents. = They offered some tents to us.他们为我们提供了一些帐篷。
（2）offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
He offered to take me to the museum.他主动提出带我去博物馆。
例Parents these days often ______ good education _________their children.
offer; to B.provide; with C.send; to
答案：A
10.mind 的用法
You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你应该解释你并不介意他总是看电视。
mind sb.doing sth.表示“介意某人做某事”,sb.也可以用形容词性物主代词代替。
拓展延伸 mind doing sth.表示“介意做某事”。
Do you mind moving your bike 你介意把你的自行车移一下吗
例 I don't mind _______ my computer to you, but you should return it in time.
borrowing B.lending C.to borrow D.to lend
答案:B
11.compete 的用法
Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人都在练习体育项目,为的是他们能够参与竞争并获胜。
本句中的 compete 是动词,意为“竞争;对抗”。compete with...表示“和……竞争”。
We can compete with the best team.我们能与最好的队竞争。
拓展延伸
compete v.对抗;竞争
同根词 competition n.比赛;竞争 （-tion是名词后缀）
competitive adj.竞争的 （ -tive是形容词后缀）
例 -We needn't ______our classmates all the time.We just need to try our best.
-- I agree with you.
A.compete with B.get on with C.argue with D.fight with
答案:A
11.cut out 的用法
Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities...或许我可以减掉他们几个活动..
本句中的 cut out “删除;删去”。
I cut out one paragraph in this article.我删除了这篇文章的一个段落。
拓展延伸 常见的 cut短语有:
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒
cut off 切掉 cut in 打断别人说话;插嘴
例You need to _______ some words of the passage to make it easier to understand.
cut in B.cut out C.cut down D.cut up
答案：B
explain的用法
You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你应该解释说你不介意他一直看电视。
explain是动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。“explain + that从句” “解释……”
拓展延伸
（1）explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。
Please explain your school rules to me. 请把你学校的规则给我讲一讲。
（2）“explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句” 意为“向某人解释……”。
Please explain to me what this means.请向我解释这是什么意思。
pare的用法
And they are always comparing them with other children.并且她们总是把他们和其他孩子相比。
compare常用短语辨析:
compare...with...把……和……相比，表示同类事物的具体比较；
compare...to...把……比作……,用来比较不同事物间的相同点。
to 后用名词或代词,常含有比喻、类比的意味
I often compare my answers with my classmates’ after we finish our homework so that I can find the mistakes.
我经常和同学在完成作业后对照答案以便找出错误。
We often compare children to flowers.我们经常把孩子比作花朵。
例 父亲经常把我和哥哥做比较。(完成译句)
My father often ________me ________my brother.
答案:compares;with
14.易错易混elder,older
这两个词都是形容词old 的比较级形式，区别在于:
elder指“年长的”,常修饰人,用来表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系,常作定语;
older指“年纪较大的,较老的,较旧的”,修饰人或物,既可作定语,也可作表语;
Your watch is older than mine.你的手表比我的旧。
My elder sister gave me a new pencil-case.我的姐姐给了我一个新的文具盒。
The older man in the photo is my grandfather.照片里那个年龄较大的人是我的爷爷。
四、语法
Why don't you do sth. 句型
Why don't you do sth. 意为“为什么不做某事呢 ”,常用来征求意见和提出建议,该句型可简化为“Why not do sth. ”。
拓展延伸 有关提建议的句型
You'd better(not) do...你最好(不)做.…
Why not do... 为什么不做……呢
What/How about(doing)... 做……怎么样
Let's do...! 让我们做……吧!
Shall we do... 我们要不要做……
Would you mind doing... 你介意做……吗
Why don't you go with us =Why not go with us 为什么不同我们一起去呢
Shall we start our discussion now 我们现在要开始讨论吗
You'd better not make yourself too tired.你最好别把自己弄得太累了。
Would you mind my opening the window 你介意我把窗户打开吗
例 What about talking to your parents (改为同义句)
_________ you talk to your parents
答案:Why don't

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