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书面表达中的高级结构
目录
一．高级词汇 2
二．高级句型结构 3
It句型 3
名词从句 4
定语从句 4
分词结构 4
with结构 5
倒装句 5
感叹句： 5
被动语态 5
虚拟语气 5
so…that… /such a …that…句型 6
巧妙的改写 6
三． 相关过渡语 6
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred/came to me that someone had broken into my house.
It dawned on me that someone had broken into my house
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4. catch sight of 替换 see
I caught sight of a poster, saying the “Silk Road Competition” will be held in our school.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．be supposed to/ought to 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
7．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for your help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
I’ll aprreciate it if you could…
8．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
On our arrival, we were attracted by the historical touch of the city.
9．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to (because of ) the storm.
10．contribute to替换 be helpful/beneficial/useful to
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
11．around the corner 替换 coming soon/ drawing near
① The summer vacation is around the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
12．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
13．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.
14．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
important=of importance
Mastering English is of great importance.
15．refer to替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
16．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
She could not helping laughing after she heard the story.
2. If you look at the pyramids in Egypt, you can't help wondering how they were built in ancient Egypt.
17．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
18．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I forget it.
19．long for sth. / long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am longing to see you.
20．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
21．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.
22．do sb a favor/give sb a hand 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio
special attention to your safety.
23．be worn out/exhausted替换 be tired
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
24．attend to替换look after
25．on condition that替换as long as
26．nevertheless替换however
27．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
28．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
29．meanwhile替换at the same time
30. Listening to what you have to say really makes a difference.
31. Sonia has had a great impact/influence on protecting women’s rights.
32. Frank RIibery is a big fan of hip hop from his motherland.
33. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
34. 重视 attach great importance to…
35. have no choice but to do…
I have no choice but to accept everything.
36. manage to do sth=succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
37. leave a deep impression
二．高级句型结构
It句型
It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.
He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）
It做形式主语、宾语
1. it is our duty to make our country better.
2. I find it increasingly difficult to live with my income.
3. It occurred to me that she probably didn’t think what she was doing was a big deal.
4. Many people, including students, are finding it hard to spend their free time without the internet, which may be causing widespread online addiction.
5. If it is convenient for you, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to keeping up a good state of mind.
③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1. It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.
2. Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.
3. It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
名词从句
1. It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.
2. My hometown is no longer what it used to be.
3. What I believed was that there was a pony waiting for me to find her.
定语从句
1. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
2. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.
3. It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.
4. But the reason why he read so obssessively(着迷地) was that he was so curious.
分词结构
1. I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
2. We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.
3. Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.
4. Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.
5. Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope.
6. There is a note pinned to the door saying when the shop will open again.
7. They landed on the sands exhausted and starving.
8. Tired and disappointed, I went back to cut that piece of grass.
9. Considering that it is handmade, the price seems reasonable.
10. On /Upon receiving a phone call from his wife saying she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from office.
11. Hutongs are a type of narrow streets or alleys most commonly associated with Beijing, China.
12. I discovered them again while searching for something else.
13. Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas , laughing and asking each other about what they had bought.
14. Encourgaed by teacher, I managed to finish the task that is impossible for me to accomplish before.
15. Having known the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the 18th Wold Middle School Games, I’m writing to apply for a post of voluntter.
with结构
1. A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.
2. He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.
3. With the teacher instructing them, the students have made great progress in English.
4. With great interest, we started to explore the museum.
5. with the help of the craftsman, I managed to create my own handicrafts.
倒装句
① 方位词放句首
The library is to the east of the teaching building. →
East of the teaching building is the library.
only+状语
1. Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.
2．Only then did I fully realize that the paper could be made into so many objects in life, either functional or decorative.
not only…but also…
The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers’ energy saved, but also students became more interested in the lessons.
④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!
让步倒装： adj/n+as/though+主+be
Although we are tired, we are happy.→
Tired though/ as we are, we are happy.
感叹句：
What+a(an)+adj+n单+主语+谓
How+adj/adv+主语+谓
What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!
I can imagine how happy he will be.
被动语态
1. Opinions are divided on the question.
2. All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.
3. New factories, houses and roads have been built.
虚拟语气
But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English writing competition.
so…that… /such a …that…句型
We were so curious about the hairy monkey so we couldn’t wait to have a look of them.
This is such a golden opportunity to meet outstanding teenagers that I couldn’t miss it.
常用连词
表原因：because/ in that
Immediately, I signed up for the acyivity because/ in that I am always crazy about Chinese history.
表结果
so that…
Make sure to prepare before class and have at least a basic understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty so that it will be easier for you to do well in the class.
thus/ therefore…
Check on the transportation in advance. Thus/ Therefore, it will not waste your time when you travel.
表目的
in order to…
In order to spread Chinese traditional culture, we hold the “Silk Road Knowledge Competition”.
in order that+句子
In order that everyone could be civilized when using shared bikes, we put up a sign to remind them.
巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.
（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment
1. No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.
2. Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.
（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).
（4）．变换插入语的位置
1. However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.
2.I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese.
(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
1. Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→
Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.
Shakespeare, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.
三． 相关过渡语
总起above all， to begin/start with， today， now， nowadays， at present， currently， recently， generally speaking， according to， to begin/start with，with the development of ...等。
时间　　now, at present, recently,firstly， first of all，， then， later， in the end， finally， at last， after that， afterwards， since then， immediately， suddenly， meanwhilet, in the beginning,
因果because， as， since， for， thanks to， due to， as a result of， so， therefore， as a result/consequence等。
并列and， or， also， as well as， neither ... nor ...， not only ... but also ...， either ... or ...， not ... but ...
递进what's more， furthermore， moreover， besides， in addition， what's worse， still less， to make matters worse， worse still， on the one hand ... on the other hand ...， for one thing ... for another thing ...等。
转折but， yet， however， while， otherwise， on the contrary， though， although， even if/though， despite， in spite of， regardless of等。
例举such as， for example/instance， take ... for example， that is to say， as follows， in other words
目的　for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
强调　in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly,obviously, above all,
表示概括归纳　in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion
高考作文句式翻译练习
1. 上周末，享受着春日美丽的风景和新鲜的空气，我和Jim 在街上闲逛，这时一个卖糖葫芦的小摊吸引了他的注意。糖葫芦摊candy-coated haws stand (tanghulu) （使用非谓语做伴随状语）
enjoying the beautiful scenery and fresh air of spring, Jim and I were wandering on the streets when a candy-coated haws stand caught his attention.
2. 因为没有尝过糖葫芦，他立即买了一个。（使用非谓语做原因状语）
Having never tasted a candy-coated haw, he immediately went up to buy one.
3. 当看到Jim 递给他的100元钱的时候，这个小贩摇了摇头。（非谓语）
The vendor shook her head when seeing the 100-yuan note Jim handed over to her.
4. Jim 是多么的失望啊！（感叹句）
How disappointed Jim was!
5. Jim 对我做的事感到惊讶。（名从）
Jim was surprised at what I had done.
6. 一个公布了这个比赛的海报吸引了我。（定从）
A poster which announced the competition attracted my attention
7. 我立即报名参加，因为我一直对中国历史感兴趣。（原因状语）
I immediately decided to sign up for it because I am always interested in history.
8. 尽管有很多参加者，我最终成功的进入到决赛。（让步状语）
Though there were many candidates, I succeeded in entering the final.
9. 当被校园电视台采访的时候，我表达了我的兴奋以及对中国灿烂文化的自豪。（非谓语）
When interviewed by the school TV station, I expressed my excitement and the pride in our splendid culture.
10. 就这个问题我们在班会上进行了激烈的讨论。
We had a heated discussion about the problem at our class meeting.
11. 我们交换想法，提出一个很好的计划。
We shared our ideas and came up with a great plan.
12. 经过全面的准备后，我们开始行动。（非谓语）
After making full preparations, we started to take action.
13. 路人都很欣赏我们所做的。（名从）
People passing by all appreciated what we did.
14. 看到一排排整齐的自行车，我们都很高兴。（非谓）（一排排 row）
Seeing the bikes in rows on the pavement, we really felt excited.
15. 为了鼓励人们文明出行，我们张贴了写着“文明使用共享单车”的海报。（定从或非谓）（共享单车： shared bike）
In order to encourage people’s civilized behavior, we put up a poster saying “PLEASE BE CIVILIZED WHILE USING A SHARED BIKE”.
16. 当不文明现象发生的时候，尽全力制止是我们的责任。（it is…to…）
When the uncivilized behavior occurs, it is our duty to do our best to stop it.
17. 只有以这种方式，我们的社会才会变得越老越好。（only 倒装）
Only in this way will our society become better and better.
18. 当看日历的时候，我发现我爷爷的生日快要到了。（非谓）
While checking the calendar, I realized my grandpa’s birthday was approaching.
19. 当我绞尽脑汁想的时候，我和祖父一起钓鱼，踢球，下棋的时光的记忆都涌了出来。（定从）
While I was racking my brain for an idea, memories of the time I spent with Grandpa fishing and playing football or chess all flooded back.
20. 我突然想到我可以做一个相册来记录这些美好的时刻。（it occurs/hits/comes to me that…）
It suddenly hit me that I could make a photo album to record those precious moments.
21. 没有迟疑，我立刻投入到制作相册中去。（without+n）
Without any delay, I threw myself into the creation of the album.
22. 看着相册，我情不自禁的想祖父该有多高兴。（非谓，感叹）
Looking at each photo, I couldn’t help imagining how delighted Grandpa would be.
23. 这个相册不仅代表了我对祖父的尊重与热爱，更提醒我应该花更多的时间陪他。（not only…but also..倒装）
Not only does the album serve as a gift to show my respect and appreciation to my dear Grandpa, but reminds me that I should spend more time with him.
24. 在数学课上，我注意到Tom 又咳嗽又流鼻涕。（it is…that…强调）
It was in a math class that I noticed Jack coughing with a runny nose.
25. 通过越来越多的国际交流，中医将来会在全球范围内被接受，以及使更多的人受益。（with+n）
With more and more international communication, TCM will be accepted globally and benefit more people in the future.

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