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浙江省杭州第九中学2023-2024学年上学期高二月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
What follows are just a few of the global destinations given World Heritage status by UNESCO. They could be your family’s next vacation.
Wildlife Wonders
The Okavango Delta in northern Botswana is one of southern Africa’s biggest and most biodiverse freshwater watersheds (流域) and a dream destination for animal lovers of all ages. It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans.
Fairy Chimneys
Central Turkey’s G reme National Park is a dry region of volcanic stone that takes fantastic forms, which often called fairy chimneys (仙女烟囱). Some of the most striking sights are villages carved into the volcanic stone. The G reme Open Air Museum, valley hikes, cave hotels, hot air balloon rides, and guided tours are highlights for all ages.
The Earliest Mummies (木乃伊)
Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks, Chile’s Chinchorro mummies are 2,000 years older than Egypt’s. At San Miguel de Azapa Archaeological Museum, only a few of the 300 samples are on view, while at Colón 10, visitors can see 48 mummies buried in the earth through a glass floor.
Dinosaur Fossils
Dinosaur Provincial Park in Canada gives some paleontologists (古生物学者) a chance to explore landscapes. Although visitors are not permitted to dig in this fragile environment, the park offers a full schedule of family-friendly fossil tours, guided activities, and dinosaur displays. Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.
1．Which of the following highlights the Okavango Delta
A．Beautiful villages. B．Rare freshwater fishes.
C．Diverse wildlife species. D．Striking views of mountains.
2．Where should visitors go if they desire to see the earliest mummies
A．Botswana. B．Chile. C．Egypt. D．Canada.
3．What can visitors do at Dinosaur Provincial Park
A．Have a night camping trip. B．Explore landscapes in the valley.
C．Dig for man-made dinosaur fossils. D．Attend a lecture by a paleontologist.
Nowadays nearly everyone has suffered from a bad attack of forgetfulness when a password is needed. The company computer. The home computer. Banking and ATM machines. Websites. Car and home security systems. The list goes on. It does not take long to accumulate a dozen or more passwords.
Scribbling them down on slips of paper or simply using the same password for anything and everything is how most people cope with the overload. The negative aspect of this is that either way makes it easier for hackers(黑客) to invade computer privacy.
Researchers are now trying to do something about this by moving forward what may be an answer to the password puzzle——pictures.
Many companies are looking into various ways that images can be used to replace the standard, easily-forgotten string of letters and numbers. Pictures are much easier to remember. Researchers are also working on picture passwords that will make it more difficult for the average hacker.
Take, for instance, the screens available through a New York company, Pass logix. One picture shows a standard bar scene. The password is created by making up a drink from the various items pictured. The order in which the items are selected becomes the password. Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, who have studied the habit of computer users say laziness plays a major role in most people’s choice of passwords.
Nonetheless, forgetting passwords is a common problem of the computer era. It’s more of a problem than hacking, in fact, particularly for major corporations that must maintain help desks for their computer-using employees——often round the clock. How much does it cost a company each time an employee forgets a password
No one knows, but people who are pushing the picture passwords believe they will save companies a lot of money because recalling images is so much easier.
4．The first two paragraphs center on ________.
A．why people are so forgetful in the computer era
B．what happens when so many passwords are needed
C．why hackers can so easily invade computer privacy
D．what people usually do when they choose their passwords
5．Using the same password for anything and everything may lead to ________.
A．the users’ laziness B．people’s forgetfulness
C．the theft of personal information D．the loss of a large sum of money
6．When used as password, pictures have one big advantage over letters and numbers: ________.
A．they are more deeply stored in our memory
B．they are easy to be combined and ordered
C．they are closely linked with our daily life
D．they are colorful and can arouse our imagination
7．Which of the following might be the best title for this passage
A．Passwords, a Product of the Computer Era
B．Forgetfulness, a Big Headache for People
C．Hackers, the Invader of Computer Privacy
D．Pictures, a Solution to the Password Puzzle
For rescued dogs to get adopted, they need to stand out from the pack. One teenage boy, Darius Brown, has made it his mission to make sure they do——and he does it by providing these dogs with many adorable bow ties that he sews himself.
Darius Brown’s sister, Dazhai, taught him to sew when he was 8. The youngster’s first project, a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle-themed bow tie, proved popular with his peers.
According to his mom, Joy, her son’s new passion was something of a godsend. Diagnosed at an early age with speech and fine-motor skill disorders (精细运动技能障得), she noticed Darius’s abilities steadily improve as he painstakingly pursued his new skill. “He was so determined. He sat and watched Dazhai for months and took it all in,” Joy told The Washington Post. “He started out cutting cloth and pretty soon, he was running the sewing machine by himself.”
When Darius learned about all the family pets left homeless by Hurricane Irma in 2017, he was inspired to use his emerging talent in helping them get adopted. He soon delivered his first batch of 25 rescue bow ties to New York City’s ASPCA animal shelter, which had become a refuge (避难所) for large numbers of dogs and cats displaced by Irma.
“I saw how happy the people at the shelter were to get the bow ties and how much the dogs liked them, and I decided to make more,” he said. “I came up with a goal to give bow ties to an animal shelter in every state.”
With a little help from his mom, Darius brought his Beaux and Paws brand to life on Facebook and Instagram. The Browns also set up a GoFundMe campaign to help pay for Darius’s sewing supplies. As demand for his “collar-ful” wares grew, Darius also broadened his operations by starting up his own website, Sir Darius Brown.
8．How did Darius help dogs get adopted according to paragraph 1
A．He built animal shelters for them.
B．He taught them some basic skills.
C．He sewed some decorations for them.
D．He bought attractive clothes for them.
9．What can we know about Darius’s early life
A．He owned a sewing machine.
B．He had some physical problems.
C．He had talent for learning languages.
D．He was very interested in designing clothes.
10．What does the underlined word “godsend” mean
A．blessing B．benefit C．ability D．disadvantage
11．What made Darius have the desire to help these dogs
A．The popularity of adorable bow ties.
B．The destruction caused by Hurricane Irma.
C．The request from the GoFundMe campaign.
D．The establishment of ASPCA animal shelter.
“What s your favorite color ” is a common question, particularly among children. However, there is a new color that might offer a partial solution to global warming by one day reducing the need for air conditioning (AC).
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, AC only contributes a part of global greenhouse gas emissions. But that threat will continue to grow as temperatures rise with climate change, and people install(安装) more AC units. Responding to this threat, researchers at Purdue University sought to replace the need for conditioning power and invented the world’s whitest paint. It is so white that it could efficiently reflect enough sunlight to cool off buildings.
In 2021, the researchers focused on two key elements of the white paint. The first is that the chemical compound barium sulfate (BasO3) can effectively reflect light. The second is that BaSO3 particles vary in size allowing the paint to reflect and scatter more incoming light. The ultra-white paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation and sends out infrared heat(红外线热量) at the same time. Using highly accurate temperature-reading technology, researchers found that the paint kept surfaces 34.2℃ cooler, even during the hottest hours of the day.
The white paint can be a suitable alternative to conventional AC． Air cooling power uses an estimated 5 kilowatts per 1000 square meter, but the researchers demonstrated that their white paint could double that amount of power. If this innovation is applied to the surface of buildings, AC will be replaced with paint.
The team is optimistic about getting this paint onto the market. They are currently working with a company to commercialize it. The whitest white color can change the way people think about their cooling systems. Instead of installing large AC units that already use a lot of electrical power, people can turn to just a few coats of the world’s whitest paint to do the same job.
12．Why did the researchers develop the ultra-white paint
A．To cut the expense of decorating buildings.
B．To improve the cooling effect of air conditioners.
C．To harvest more sunlight to warm up rooms.
D．To reduce the release of greenhouse gases.
13．What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A．The cooling principle of the paint.
B．The process of producing the paint.
C．The impact of Baso3 on global climate.
D．The advantages of temperature-reading technology.
14．What can we expect of the ultra-white paint in the future
A．It will dominate the paint market.
B．It will change people’s lifestyles greatly.
C．It will help reduce energy consumption.
D．It will earn a big profit for the company.
15．What’s the team’s attitude towards the commercialization of the paint
A．negative B．positive C．pessimistic D．disapproval
Everyday we see hundreds of marketing messages. Advertising has become part of modern life. But what is advertising exactly In short, it refers to the activity of promoting a product or service.
16 From the ancient simple advertisements painted on outdoor signs to the colourful, interactive ones in smartphone apps, advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand.
Because the mass media reaches so many people, it is a perfect vehicle for advertisers. If an advertisement is placed on a popular website or on TV at peak times, a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising. 17 That is why when a company wants to promote a product or service, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign.
Based on the psychology behind creating a desire to buy, advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. A common technique to make an impact is to create a memorable slogan. 18 Some of these slogans may also appeal to our emotions. For example, a slogan may connect a fine china teapot it aims to promote with our pride in having good taste. A slogan which communicates an idea effectively can boost sales and even become part of popular culture.
Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to a “brand ambassador”— a famous actor, a sports star, or even a fictional character. Think of a popular fast-food restaurant. Does it have a brand ambassador Is the brand ambassador popular among potential customers 19
Product placement (植入) is typically used in films and TV shows. Some films are now sponsored by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the film. 20 We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they will probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping.
A．Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service.
B．In addition, a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buy, thus promoting business.
C．The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.
D．The history of advertising has been closely linked with that of the mass media.
E．Now advertising is becoming more digital and more personal.
F．Other types of mass media use product placement too, including video games.
G．Some big manufacturers spend billions of dollars a year on advertising.
二、完形填空
Krista Sheneman was first diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病) around five years ago. Since then, health has become a (n) 21 part of her life.
She 22 that a lot of people weren’t 23 of what she went through on a daily basis as a diabetic and that there were so 24 diabetics in her country. Therefore, she 25 to complete a mission to walk 470 miles across three states, which would offer insight into what diabetics go through.
Throughout this 26 , people watched her glucose levels (血糖水平) through an app that’s connected to her glucose monitor. The monitor provided real-time 27 when her glucose levels went too high or low. In this way, she shows what it looks like to be diabetic and reminds people to constantly 28 and make sure that they are eating the 29 things. She added that just something as simple as stress can 30 blood sugar.
To 31 for her walk, she spent eight hours a day on a treadmill (跑步机) while managing her diabetes. She thinks it’s important to bear in mind that there must be unexpected difficulties that she has to 32 .
After a great effort, she 33 crossed the finish line. Her walk contributed to people’s understanding of diabetes and has 34 other people who are also battling diabetes by showing them that the 35 can’t stop someone from being active or achieving their goals.
21．A．potential B．huge C．early D．simple
22．A．imagined B．decided C．realized D．guessed
23．A．ashamed B．aware C．tired D．proud
24．A．famous B．many C．deadly D．risky
25．A．showed off B．set up C．turned out D．set out
26．A．journey B．recovery C．operation D．lecture
27．A．warnings B．comments C．suggestions D．requests
28．A．sum B．suspect C．check D．follow
29．A．different B．right C．pure D．real
30．A．raise B．reach C．turn D．examine
31．A．train B．perform C．track D．respect
32．A．look back B．care about C．put down D．get over
33．A．naturally B．completely C．immediately D．eventually
34．A．served B．accepted C．inspired D．connected
35．A．condition B．technique C．scene D．conflict
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water shortage is one of the 36 (great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas 37 water is scarce(稀缺的) for a month or more every year. There are two contributing factors to this problem: increasing global demand 38 water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite global water usage already increasing threefold(三倍) over the last fifty years, it 39 (predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just 40 matter of turning the tap off when you brush your 41 (tooth), cutting your showers down to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing-load with your flatmates. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water consumption, with the 42 (remain) 92% falling into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items, and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water consumption comes from the 43 (grow) and production of food alone.
44 (unfortunate), there is no single go-to refererence book for the exact number of litres used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors 45 (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
四、书信写作
46．你校英语俱乐部即将举办10周年庆典, 你将作为成员代表进行发言, 请你根据以下提示写一篇发言稿, 内容包括：
1. 经历和收获；
2. 喜欢的活动；
3. 期待和祝福。
注意: 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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五、书面表达
47．阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
”Go Denny, go!” my teammates yelled.
The cheering from my classmates grew louder as I reached the final turn. I found myself in the lead. I knew better than to look back at the runners behind me. That would slow me down. Besides, I could hear them breathing. I launched into my sprint (冲刺).
I pumped my arms harder as I pounded down the straightaway. It made my legs go faster. I don’t know what strange connection in the body makes that work, but it does. I threw my chest forward into the string. It dropped across my body. I thudded to a stop.
I was breathing hard, but at least I was still on my feet.
“You made it in sixty-eight seconds,” Coach Setlich told me. ”That’s good enough for third place overall. Nice job, Denise.”
I smiled and nodded, since I didn’t have enough breath to answer. I was exhausted but I had to walk slowly around so my muscles wouldn’t tighten up.
A few minutes later, Coach Setlich found me resting on the high-jump mats. She looked worried. “Denise, I need you to run the relay. Tracy pulled a muscle in the long jump.”
I pushed up onto my elbows. ”I’m not a sprinter.”
“Not the sprint relay. The medley (混合接力). I want you to run the last leg (赛程). Amanda and Cindy, each one hundred meters. Megan , two hundred meters, one lap (圈).”
I looked at her with horror. ”You want me to run four hundred meters again ” I screamed.
She nodded. “We have a shot at second or third in the team standings if your relay does well.” the coach’s eyes glowed. Second place may not sound exciting, but we had been near the bottom of the standings all season. Now in the league championships, we were definitely showing improvement. I struggled to my feet. ”Couldn’t I run the two-hundred-meter leg instead ”
Coach shook her head. “The other girls on your relay team are sprinters and they don’t understand the pacing for the longer distance.” she said.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I followed Coach Setlich to the edge of the track.
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Paragraph 2:
A second runner came by, getting ahead of me.
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试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的几个全球景点的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据Wildlife Wonders部分的“It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans.(这里生活着地球上最濒危的动物，包括现存数量最多的大象、猎豹、非洲野狗、肉垂鹤和大白鹈鹕。)”可知，Okavango Delta的亮点是多样化的野生物种。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据The Earliest Mummies (木乃伊)部分的“Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks, Chile’s Chinchorro mummies are 2,000 years older than Egypt’s.(智利的Chinchorro木乃伊仅用芦苇包裹，用头发和粘土面具装饰，比埃及的木乃伊早了2000年。)”可知，如果游客想看最早的木乃伊，应该去智利。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Dinosaur Fossils部分的“Dinosaur Provincial Park(恐龙省立公园)”和“Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.(一家人可以在星空下露营，梦想着各种恐龙生活在这个地区的日子。)”可知，游客在恐龙省立公园可以进行一次夜间露营旅行。故选A。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究人员正研究用图像来取代标准的、容易被遗忘的字母和数字串来作为密码，也具体阐明了其原因和其所带来的益处。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章前两段“Nowadays nearly everyone has suffered from a bad attack of forgetfulness when a password is needed. The company computer. The home computer. Banking and ATM machines. Websites. Car and home security systems. The list goes on. It does not take long to accumulate a dozen or more passwords.Scribbling them down on slips of paper or simply using the same password for anything and everything is how most people cope with the overload. The negative aspect of this is that either way makes it easier for hackers(黑客) to invade computer privacy.(如今，当需要密码时，几乎每个人都患有严重的健忘症。公司的电脑。家用电脑。银行和自动取款机。网站。汽车和家庭安全系统。这样的例子不胜枚举。积攒一打或更多的密码并不需要多长时间。把它们写在纸条上，或者简单地用同一个密码来处理任何事情，这就是大多数人如何处理超负荷工作的方法。这种做法的消极方面是，无论哪种方式都会使黑客更容易侵犯计算机隐私)”可知文章前两段讲述了大多数人在需要密码的时候，几乎都不记得了，当积累很多密码的时候，人们通常会把它们写在纸条上，或者简单地用同一个密码，这种做法会带来很大的弊端。故文章前两段主要讨论了人们需要记很多密码时会发生什么。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The negative aspect of this is that either way makes it easier for hackers(黑客) to invade computer privacy.(这种做法的消极方面是，无论哪种方式都会使黑客更容易侵犯计算机隐私)”可知使用相同的密码会更容易导致黑客侵犯计算机隐私，隐私被侵犯了之后，推知可能会盗取个人信息；故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Pictures are much easier to remember. Researchers are also working on picture passwords that will make it more difficult for the average hacker.(图片更容易记住。研究人员还在研究图片密码，这将使一般的黑客入侵更加困难)”可知当用作密码时，图片比字母和数字有一个很大的优势就是它更容易被记住，即它们在我们的记忆中更为深刻；故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了研究人员正研究用图像来取代标准的、容易被遗忘的字母和数字串来作为密码，也具体阐明了原因，即图片更容易被记住，同时阐述了使用图片作为密码所能带来的益处，故本文就是在描述密码难题的解决方案。结合第三段“Researchers are now trying to do something about this by moving forward what may be an answer to the password puzzle——pictures.(研究人员现在正试图通过推进密码谜题的答案——图片来解决这个问题)”可知，选项D“Pictures, a Solution to the Password Puzzle(图片，密码难题的解决方案)”适合作为本文标题；故选D项。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Darius Brown利用自己的天赋制作狗的领结来帮助获救的狗狗被收养的故事。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段的“One teenage boy, Darius Brown, has made it his mission to make sure they do——and he does it by providing these dogs with many adorable bow ties that he sews himself.(一个十几岁的男孩Darius Brown把确保狗狗们变得显眼作为自己的使命——他为这些狗狗们缝制了许多可爱的领结。)”可知，Darius通过为狗狗们缝制了一些装饰品来帮助狗被收养。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Diagnosed at an early age with speech and fine-motor skill disorders(在很小的时候就被诊断出患有语言和精细运动技能障碍)”可知，他身体有些问题。故选B。
10．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Diagnosed at an early age with speech and fine-motor skill disorders(精细运动技能障得), she noticed Darius’s abilities steadily improve as he painstakingly pursued his new skill.(在很小的时候就被诊断出患有语言和精细运动技能障碍，她注意到Darius的能力在他努力学习新技能的过程中稳步提高)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“据他的母亲Joy说，儿子的新爱好是一种恩赐”，因此划线词godsend的意思是“上帝的恩宠”，和blessing意思相近，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“When Darius learned about all the family pets left homeless by Hurricane Irma in 2017, he was inspired to use his emerging talent in helping them get adopted.(当Darius了解到2017年飓风Irma导致所有家庭宠物无家可归时，他受到了启发，想用自己的新天赋帮助它们被收养。)”可知，飓风Irma造成的破坏让Darius有帮助这些狗的愿望，故选B。
12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Purdue大学的研究人员发明了世界上最白的油漆，可以有效地反射足够的阳光来冷却建筑物，这不仅减少了能源的消耗，也减少了温室气体的排放。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“According to the Environmental Protection Agency, AC only contributes a part of global greenhouse gas emissions. But that threat will continue to grow as temperatures rise with climate change, and people install(安装) more AC units. Responding to this threat, researchers at Purdue University sought to replace the need for conditioning power and invented the world’s whitest paint. It is so white that it could efficiently reflect enough sunlight to cool off buildings.（根据环境保护署的数据，空调只占全球温室气体排放的一部分。但气温随着气候变化而上升，人们安装了更多的空调，这种威胁将继续增加。为了应对这一威胁，Purdue大学的研究人员试图取代对空调力量的需求，并发明了世界上最白的油漆。它是如此的白以至于可以有效地反射足够的阳光来冷却建筑物）”可知研发超白色涂料的原因是它可以有效地反射足够的阳光来冷却建筑物，从而减少空调的使用，进而减少温室气体的排放，故选D项。
13．段落大意题。根据文章第三段“In 2021, the researchers focused on two key elements of the white paint. The first is that the chemical compound barium sulfate (BasO3) can effectively reflect light. The second is that BaSO3 particles vary in size allowing the paint to reflect and scatter more incoming light. The ultra-white paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation and sends out infrared heat(红外线热量) at the same time. Using highly accurate temperature-reading technology, researchers found that the paint kept surfaces 34.2℃ cooler, even during the hottest hours of the day.（2021年，研究人员将重点放在了白色油漆的两个关键元素上。一是化合物硫酸钡能有效地反射光线。第二个是硫酸钡颗粒的大小不同，这使得涂料能够反射和散射更多的入射光。超白色涂料反射98.1% 的太阳辐射，同时发出红外线热量。研究人员利用高度精确的温度读数技术发现，即使在一天中最热的时候，这种涂料也能使表面保持34.2摄氏度的低温。）”可知本段主要讲述了这种超白色涂料能够保持低温的原因，即专门对它的冷却原理进行了具体描述。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The whitest white color can change the way people think about their cooling systems. Instead of installing large AC units that already use a lot of electrical power, people can turn to just a few coats of the world’s whitest paint to do the same job.（最白的白色可以改变人们对冷却系统的看法。人们不用安装已经消耗大量电力的大型交流机组，只需涂上几层世界上最白的油漆就可以完成同样的工作。）”可知在以后，人们只需要在建筑物上涂上几层世界上最白的油漆，就可以不用安装已经消耗大量电力的大型交流机组，即可以不用以消耗这么多电力为代价了，故减少了能源的消耗，这是人们对这个超白色油漆未来的期待；故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The team is optimistic about getting this paint onto the market. They are currently working with a company to commercialize it.（该团队对将这种涂料推向市场持乐观态度。他们目前正在与一家公司合作，将其商业化）”可知该团队对这种涂料是看好的，并正与其他公司合作将其商业化，说明他们对其商业化是持积极态度的，也正在付诸行动；故选B项。
16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些用在广告中的技巧，如标语、品牌大使、植入式广告，以及这些广告所带来的效果。
16．下文“From the ancient simple advertisements painted on outdoor signs to the colourful, interactive ones in smartphone apps, advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand.(从绘制在户外标志上的古老简单广告，到智能手机应用程序中色彩缤纷的互动广告，广告和大众媒体已经携手发展)”讲述了从过去到现在，广告和大众传媒都是紧密相连的，而空处是本段主旨句，选项D“The history of advertising has been closely linked with that of the mass media(广告的历史与大众传媒的历史紧密相连)”与下文所述内容主旨相符，都是讲述广告从历史上就与大众传媒紧密相连；故选项D符合语境；故选D项。
17．上文“Because the mass media reaches so many people, it is a perfect vehicle for advertisers. If an advertisement is placed on a popular website or on TV at peak times, a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising.(因为大众媒体能够触及如此多的人，所以它是广告商的完美工具。如果一个广告在高峰时段出现在一个热门网站或电视上，那么会有大量的人知道这个广告的产品或服务)”讲述了大众媒体与广告结合的益处，即有大量的人知道这个广告的产品或服务；下文“That is why when a company wants to promote a product or service, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign.(这就是为什么当一家公司想要推广一种产品或服务时，通常会发起大众媒体广告活动)”讲述了一家公司想要推广一种产品或服务时，通常会发起大众媒体广告活动，这是事情的结果，推知空处讲述的是这件事的原因；选项B“In addition, a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buy, thus promoting business.(此外，一个成功的广告也会产生购买欲，从而促进业务)”讲述的正是为什么一家公司想要推广一种产品或服务时，通常会发起大众媒体广告活动的原因，即一个成功的广告会产生购买欲，从而促进业务，也是广告与大众媒体结合的另一个益处，是对上文所述内容的补充；故选项B符合语境；故选B项。
18．上文“A common technique to make an impact is to create a memorable slogan.(制造影响力的一个常用技巧是创造一个令人难忘的标语)”提到了创造标语；下文“Some of these slogans may also appeal to our emotions.(其中一些标语可能也会触动我们的情感)”提到了标语的益处；选项A“Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service.(标语使用简单但令人印象深刻的语言，使我们记住产品或服务)”也是在讲述关于标语的内容，解释了上文所述的制造影响力的一个常用技巧是创造一个令人难忘的标语的原因，即标语使用简单但令人印象深刻的语言，使我们记住产品或服务，同时引出了下文对于标语其他用处的描述；故选项A符合语境；故选A项。
19．上文“Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to a “brand ambassador”— a famous actor, a sports star, or even a fictional character. Think of a popular fast-food restaurant. Does it have a brand ambassador Is the brand ambassador popular among potential customers (广告商经常使用的另一个技巧是将他们的公司或产品与“品牌大使”联系起来——著名演员、体育明星，甚至是虚构的人物。想想一家很受欢迎的快餐店。它有品牌大使吗？品牌大使在潜在客户中受欢迎吗？)”在讲述品牌大使常用于广告中；选项C“The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.(我们越喜欢品牌大使，就越会被吸引去购买产品)”讲述的也是品牌大使的相关内容，让我们知道上文为什么会问品牌大使是否在潜在客户中受欢迎，即我们越喜欢品牌大使，就越会被吸引去购买产品，所以是否有品牌大使及是否受欢迎是非常重要的；故选项C符合语境；故选C项。
20．上文“Product placement (植入) is typically used in films and TV shows. Some films are now sponsored by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the film.(植入式广告通常用在电影和电视节目中。一些电影现在由领先品牌赞助，所以只有他们的产品出现在电影中)”提到了在电影或者电视节目中植入广告；选项F“Other types of mass media use product placement too, including video games.(其他类型的大众媒体也使用植入式广告，包括视频游戏)”也是在讲述植入式广告的内容，即其他类型的大众媒体也使用植入式广告，包括视频游戏，与上文所述内容并列，是除上文所述的在电影和电视节目之外的其他类型的大众媒体利用植入性广告；故选项F符合语境；故选F项。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．A 32．D 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。Krista Sheneman是一名糖尿病患者。她进行了一个月的行走行动，目的是让人们了解糖尿病，并激励糖尿病患者积极实现自己的目标。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，健康成了她生活中的一个重要部分。A. potential潜在的；B. huge巨大的；极大的；C. early早的；D. simple简单的。根据前文“Krista Sheneman was first diagnosed with diabetes”可知，此处指健康就成为她生活里重要的部分。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她意识到很多人并不知道她作为一个糖尿病患者每天所经历的事情，而且她的国家有很多糖尿病患者。A. imagined想象；B. decided决定；C. realized意识到；D. guessed猜测；根据下文“a lot of people weren’t 　3　　of what she went through on a daily basis as a diabetic ”，可知人们对糖尿病人经历的事情缺乏意识，所以此处指她注意到这个情形，故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她意识到很多人并不知道她作为一个糖尿病患者每天所经历的事情，而且她的国家有很多糖尿病患者。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. aware意识到的；C. tired累的；D. proud自豪的；骄傲的。短语：be awared of “意识到”，根据下文“which would offer insight into what diabetics go through”，可知，此处指人们对患糖尿病的人经历的事情缺乏意识，故选B。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她意识到很多人并不知道她作为一个糖尿病患者每天所经历的事情，而且她的国家有很多糖尿病患者。A. famous著名的；B. many 许多；C. deadly致命的；D. risky冒险的。根据下文“other people who are also battling diabetes”可知，有许多人正在和糖尿病作斗争，故选B。
25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，她着手完成一项任务，即步行470英里，穿越三个州，这将为了解糖尿病患者的经历提供深入的见解。A. showed off炫耀；B. set up建立；C. turned out结果是；D. set out出发；开始。短语：set out to do sth.“着手做某事”，根据下文“to complete a mission to walk 470 miles across three states, which would offer insight into what diabetics go through.”可知，穿越3个州，徒步470英里的行为是她为了让人们了解糖尿病患者的经历，因此此处指她开始了这个任务。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在整个旅程中，人们通过一个连接到她的血糖监测器的应用程序来观察她的血糖水平。A. journey旅程；B. recovery恢复；C. operation管理；手术；D. lecture演讲。根据前文“to complete a mission to walk 470 miles across three states”可知，此处指通过这次穿越三个州的这次旅程，故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的血糖水平过高或过低时，监视器会提供实时警告。A. warnings 警告；警示；B. comments评论；C. suggestions建议；D. requests要求。根据下文“when her glucose levels went too high or low. In this way, she shows what it looks like to be diabetic ”可知，通过一个连接监视器的应用程序，可以实时的展示糖尿病人的血糖的状况，所以此处指当血糖太高或太低，这个监视器会发出警告。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，她向人们展示了糖尿病患者的样子，并提醒人们不断检查，确保他们吃的是正确的食物。A. sum总结；概括；B. suspect怀疑；C. check检查；核对；D. follow跟随。根据上文“The monitor provided real-time 　　7　　 when her glucose levels went too high or low”下文“make sure that they are eating the 　　　9　　things. ”可知，监视器会在血糖过低或过高时发出警示，因此提醒人们要不断检查，故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，她向人们展示了糖尿病患者的样子，并提醒人们不断检查，确保他们吃的是正确的食物。A. different不同的；B. right正确的；C. pure纯的；D. real真的。根据前文“make sure that they are eating”可知，检查身体的情形，是为了确保吃的东西对身体有利，即是正确的食物。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，仅仅是压力这样简单的事情就能使血糖升高。A. raise提高；B. reach 到达；C. turn旋转；D. examine检查。根据前文“when her glucose levels went too high or low.”，可知，此处指压力会让血糖升高。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了进行徒步训练，她每天在跑步机上锻炼8个小时，同时控制自己的糖尿病。A. train培训；B. perform 表演；C. track记录；D. respect尊重。根据前文“ to complete a mission to walk 470 miles across three states”及下文“she spent eight hours a day on a treadmill (跑步机) while managing her diabetes”可知，此处指她通过在跑步机上进行训练自己，故选A。
32．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她认为重要的是要记住，必须有意想不到的困难，她必须克服。A. look back回头看；B. care about 关心；C. put down记下；D. get over克服；从……中恢复过来。根据前文“while managing her diabetes. She thinks it’s important to bear in mind that there must be unexpected difficulties that she has to”可知，要应付糖尿病，她必须要克服意想不到的困难。故选D。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过极大的努力，她终于越过了终点线。A. naturally自然地；B. completely完全地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最后；最终。根据设空前后内容，可知，此处指她完成了这次旅程，最终冲过了终点线。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的徒步旅行有助于人们对糖尿病的理解，并且通过向其他与糖尿病作斗争的人们展示糖尿病并不能阻止人们积极活动或实现他们的目标，激励了他们。A. served服务；B. accepted接受；C. inspired启发；鼓舞；D. connected联系。根据前文“After a great effort, she 　　13　　　 crossed the finish line.”及“Her walk contributed to people’s understanding of diabetes”可知，通过她的这次旅程，她最终冲过了终点线。这对其他那些和糖尿病斗争的人而言是一种鼓励，故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的徒步旅行有助于人们对糖尿病的理解，并且通过向其他与糖尿病作斗争的人们展示糖尿病并不能阻止人们积极活动或实现他们的目标，激励了他们。A. condition情况；情形；B. technique技术；技巧；C. scene场景；D. conflict冲突。根据前文“Krista Sheneman was first diagnosed with diabetes”及下文“can’t stop someone from being active or achieving their goals.”可知，此处指患糖尿病的这种状况不能阻止人们积极活动或实现他们的目标。故选A。
36．greatest 37．where 38．for 39．is predicted 40．a 41．teeth 42．remaining 43．growth 44．Unfortunately 45．to consider
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素，并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题，我们每天总用水量的92%来自于家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。
36．考查形容词最高级。句意：水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一，全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的“ one of the”可知，此处应该用形容词最高级，表示“最……的之一”。故填greatest。
37．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为areas，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以此处应用关系副词where，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
38．考查介词。句意：造成这一问题的因素有两个：全球对水的需求不断增加，以及满足这些需求的不可持续的手段。demand for意为“对……的需求”，固定搭配。故填for。
39．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经增长了三倍，但据预测，到2050年，全球用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，和动词predict之间是被动关系，句子是描述一个事实，本句应该用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is predicted。
40．考查不定冠词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。a matter of...一个……的问题，固定短语，matter的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
41．考查名词复数。句意同上。tooth为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，零冠词表类指。故填teeth。
42．考查形容词。句意：事实上，人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%，剩下的92%分为两个“看不见的”类别：家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。此处应填形容词remaining修饰其后面的名词，表示“剩下的”。故填remaining。
43．考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自于食物的生长和生产。根据该空前的冠词the可知，此处要用名词，与名词production并列。growth成长，不可数名词。故填growth。
44．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，对于生产任何一种食品所使用的确切升数，没有一本现成的参考书可供参考。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：这是一颗难以下咽的药丸，因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时，我们还有其他因素要考虑：味道、成本和便利性。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to consider。
46．Dear everyone,
Congratulations on the tenth anniversary of English Club. I feel honored to have the chance to witness this great moment with all of you.
I joined the club last year as a freshman, from which I benefited a lot both academically and interpersonally. It was here that I met many like-minded friends. Of all the activities, I like English debate best. Not only does it challenge me intellectually, but it also sharpens my debating skills.
I hope more speech contests will be held in order that we can improve our English. May more students join our club.
That’s all. Thank you!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，在英语俱乐部10周年庆典上分享自己的经历和收获、喜欢的活动、期待和祝福。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
荣幸的：honored→privileged
机会：chance→opportunity
提高：sharpen→improve
竞赛：contest→competition
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I hope more speech contests will be held in order that we can improve our English.
拓展句：I hope more speech contests will be held in order to improve our English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I joined the club last year as a freshman, from which I benefited a lot both academically and interpersonally.(使用了“from+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only does it challenge me intellectually, but it also sharpens my debating skills. (使用了not only…but also…句型和倒装句)
47．One possible version:
I followed Coach Setlich to the edge of the track. At the signal, Amanda exploded out of the runners as the race began. Built on Amanda’s lead, Cindy and Megan stretched our advantage to three meters. I gasped nervously and began running slowly when Megan was coming. Megan slapped the stick into my palm and roared, “Go, go, go!” I went. But my legs felt like jelly. My classmates screamed encouragement. It was time to launch into my sprinter but my leg began to collapse. One runner passed me. I panicked and felt helpless.
A second runner came by, getting ahead of me. I was so exhausted that the gentle breeze of her passing was enough to knock me down. I staggered a few steps, and rushed across the finish line. I heard cheering for the champions, not for me. They were probably joking about the lead I had lost. All my teammates pulled me to my feet. To my surprise, they were congratulating me. I heard Coach Setlich say, “Good job, Denise.” Our relay team had finished third. Winning isn’t everything. Yet, keeping trying hard is what we value most.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名长跑运动员，在长跑比赛中赢得了第三名。在作者比赛结束休息的时候，由于短跑接力的人数不够，教练让他去跑接力最后一棒400米。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我跟着Setlich教练走到了跑道的边缘。”可知，第一段可描写作者参加了这次短跑接力，队伍中的其他三位同学让我们队领先，但由于之前比赛的劳累，到我这一棒时，有其他队伍的运动员超过了我。
②由第二段首句内容“第二名选手跑过来，超过了我”可知，第二段可描写作者一直在被超越，加上体力不支，比赛中心情比较沮丧，害怕自己得不到好名次。但让他很震惊的是，作者的接力队最终获得第三名。
2.续写线索：参加接力——前三棒领先——体力不支——被人超越——获得第三名——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①击倒：knock me down/knock me to the ground
②扶起来：pull me to my feet/help me up/hold me up
③大喊：roar/shout
情绪类
①紧张地：nervously/anxiously/in panic
②精疲力尽的：exhausted/tired
③惊奇：to my surprise/to my amazement/to my astonishment
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I gasped nervously and began running slowly when Megan was coming.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】I was so exhausted that the gentle breeze of her passing was enough to knock me down. （运用了so…that引导的结果状语从句）
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