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2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试(一)
英语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己所在的市(县、区)、学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡.上，将条形码横贴在每张答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先画掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡-并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to WSU Libraries ! In this guide, we'll unlock the mysteries of call numbers
and location prefixes. K nowing these helps you quickly locate and access your desired
Call Numbers
Books and material are arranged on our shelves according to the Library of Congress
( LC) classification system. These call numbers uniquely identify and organize items near
other material on the same or similar subjects. Consider the call number: LB2395 C65
1991.
●LB defines the subject area. The call letters are typically arranged in alphabetical (字母的) order, starting from A and continuing through the alphabet. Knowing the letter(s) for your subject area gives you a place to start browsing the shelves. For example: A-General Works; B- -Philosophy， Psychology， Religion; D- World History; G-Geography; H- Social Sciences; J- -Political Science; K- -Law; L- -Education; M一Music; N- -Arts; P--Language and Literature; Q- -Science...For more, click here.
●2395 is the classification number，which further distinguishes the subject matter. Read as a whole number: 1, 2, 3, 45, 100, 2430...
●C65 is the Cutter number and usually represents the author's last name. Find C, then 65. Read the number as a decimal (小数).
●1991 is the year of publication.
Location Prefixes
Some call numbers have a location prefix. I ocation prefixes mean that the book or
malerial is shelved in a special place，and may have loan restrictions. WSU uses the
following prefixes :
21. Which book may be identified under the call number“NU238 C719 2013"
A. An Introduction to Modern Art.
B. The ABC of Computer Science.
C. The Recycling of Wasle Oils.
D. A Shorl History of France.
22. What would be he Cutler number if you are looking for a book by Whitney Sherman
A. C78.
B. S53.
C. W67.
D. L59.
23. Where can you find the book“Res AG243 G87 1992 ”
A. On the 2nd or 4th floor of the library.
B. In the Reference Area on lhe 1sl floor.
C. In the Circulation Area on the 1st floor.
D. At the Learning Resources Cenler on the 2nd floor.
B
A Letter from Willa Cather to President TomaS Masaryk
Honored Sir ，
Your letter, sent to me through your Legation at W ashington，confers upon me great honor and gives me great pleasure. l am gJad to have carried a message from the Bohemian (波希米亚) neighbors, whom I grew up with, to their home country of the
Czech Republic.
I have just returned to New York，where I had the pleasure of taking Annie Pavelka , the living “Antonia”in my book My Antonia, and six of her children to the first screening of A Lost Lady. I have the good fortune to proserve relations with most of my characters. “Antonia”and her splendid children are flesh and blood realities. Every time I go back to them, I feel how much more interesting and lovable they are than my picture of them. I wish I could present them to you in person.
I regret that I cannot satisfactorily meet your kind request for biographical (传记的) material. I avoid biographers, asking them to wait until I get my work further along. My first novel was published in 1912，and a period of twelve years is hardIy long enough for a writer to find the form best suited for writing. I was not young when I began to write , and though living is a good preparation for writing， I do need more time to acquire a simple and modest way of presenting my work，however well I know what I wish to present.
I am able to send you a very good photograph taken recently. I enclose a short biographical account which my publishers use for publicity purposes ，and some casual reviews. Biographies usually begin to come along just about the time a writer has no more to say, and I do not feel that time has yet come to me.
I beg you, President Masaryk, to believe in my grateful appreciation of your letter.
Respectfully yours ,
Willa Cather
24. Who is Antonia
A. A director of a movie.
B. A character in a book.
C. Cather's relative in New York.
D. Cather's neighbor from Bohemia.
25. What does the author need for a most suitable writing style according to paragraph 3
A. Time.
B. Youth,
C. Publishers' advice.
D. Financial support.
26. What does writing a biography mean to the author according to paragraph 4
A. An inspiration to her readers.
B. A record of her achievements.
C. A window into a writer's world,
D. An endpoint in a writer's career.
27. What is the author's purpose in writing this letter
A. To rebuild her Bohemian connection. B. To decline the president's request.
C. To explain her philosophy of writing. D. To appreciate the president's interest.
C
If you've noticed you're getting less while your bill almost stays the same, it's not just you.“ Shrinkflation”一reducing a product's size or quantity while keeping its price stable- -is showing up in shops around the world.
As the global economy struggles with inflation (通货膨胀)，rising material costs and higher human cost， consumers are bearing the increasing production prices. “Consumers are more likely to notice how their purchases are affecting their wallets than the amount of product lost' when sizes decrease," says Mark Stiving, the chief pricing educator at Impact Pricing. As a result, companies use shrinkflation to make consumers “less painful"
Yet even as shrinkflation comes with inflation ，the problem doesn't end after inflation does. Once the new sizes are on the shelf, they are likely to stay that way.“ Shoppers don't have a choice. They have to adapt themselves to the changes，”adds Stiving. There are rare exceptions, but companies generally take the opportunity to get more profits.
For many companies，shrinkflation seems to be unavoidable. In food industry, for example，where customers are highly sensitive to price， lifting prices might make customers jump ship to another brand. But facing the continuous inflation , the companies have to do something to maintain their profits. Introducing small reduction in the size of their goods should enable them to improve profits while keeping their prices competitive.
But once customers notice the change, they might feel fooled, leading to a loss of trust
and confidence.
Some grocers are using stickers to remind shoppers of shrinkflation, but still, it's a tough hit to the bottom line- -especially because the price of products generally doesn't fall as inflation does. Consumers may need to examine both price and size sensibly as they shop, and make sure they don't fall into the trap of that super size on the shelf.
28. W hy does shrinkflation make consumers“less painful”according to Stiving
A. Shrinkflation reduces human cost.
B. Shrinkflation raises purchasing power.
C. Consumers become more aware of size.
D. Consumers experience lttle increase in cost.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The concerns of shoppers.
B. The interests of companies.
C. The impact of shrinkflation.
D. The phenomenon of inflation.
30. What is the author's aliude to the shrinklation in paragraph 4
A. Favorable.
B，Objective.
C. Dismissive.
D. Unclear.
31. What should consumers do according l0 the last paragraph
A. Draw a bollom line.
B. Put warning stickers.
C. Choose smaller packs.
D. Make a conscious decision.
D
We learn aboul he world through the knowledge accumulated (积累) over thousands of years. Standing on he. shoulders of greal men, we don'l have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvenled each time lo run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from
A study led by Markus Paulus ，professor at_ Loyola Marymount University, shows that the ability has its roots in earliest childhood.“I's generally assumed that children's ability to imitate ( 模仿) is inbormn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations' efforls, consequently leads to the development of human beings ,”says Markus Paulus.
In this research, Paulus recorded the interaction between mother and child over several months. The babies came into the lab for the first time at the age of 6 months , while their final visit was when they were 18 months old. As they engaged in various play situations ，the interactions and imitations of mother and child were analyzed. The long-term study showed uhat the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six-month-old child and the more often she imitated the. baby, the greater the child's overall ability was at the age of 18 months.
Paulus' research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer ,through which children successfully learn various skills， such as how to use objects , waving and acquisition of language. “ This interaction is the nucleus of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human,"”says Paulus.
“Culural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others ，particularly oun caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus.“ Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation , so certain actions or techniques do not have to. be constantly invented again.”
32. Why does the author mention the example of wheels
A. To praise the invention of car wheels.
B. To describe the process of trial and error.
C. To emphasize the necessity of new tools.
D. To show the importance of prior knowledge.
33. What can we learn about Paulus' research
A. Children's imitation was recorded by mothers.
B. Sensitive mothers encouraged children's imitation.
C. Children's abilty was analyzed through interaction.
D. Effective interaction promoted children's development.
34. What does the underlined word“nucleus" mean in paragraph 4
A. Core.
B. Result.
C. Aim.
D. Content.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Why does Evolution Matter
B. How to Interact with Children
C. Imitation: The Engine of Evolution
D. Cultural Learning: The Rool of Imitation
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。
Getting older means greater maturity and wisdom.36 In a society that is aging fast，it has become crucial to find ways to prevent related mental and emotional disorders. Music emerges as a promising lool for promoting well-being of the elderly.
Music has a great power to cause strong emotions and intense pleasure._ 37 Singing and dancing to music with others is not only fun but also improves mood. Musical activities are great ways to reduce stress because they take our minds off problems. They also help us feel less lonely and more connected with other people.
38 A song may become a soundtrack for a particular time，such as a delightful party with friends that you had a long time ago. Listening to thal song allows you to remember all the happy memories from that time.
Finally, music contributes to keeping our thinking skills sharp. It makes our brains work hard in unique ways lo undersland the rhythm and melody._ 39 For example, exposure to background music ，particularly classical music, during cognilive ( 认知的) tasks is shown lo improve older people's cognitive processes, suchi as processing speed and working memory . In conclusion, music is a powerful lool lo fighl againsl aging-relaled emotional and cognitive problems. It is an enjoyable and social aclivily, available lo anyone regardless of their background or previous musical experience. 40
A. Music can also open forgotlen doors lo our memories.
B. Recalling happy memories can lifl our mood on a bad day.
C. Even passive music listening can help elderly adults think betler.
D. This helps people feel better when hey are depressed or anxious.
E. However, it often involves a series of physical and mental challenges.
F. The ability lo form new memories is essential for processing information.
G. Thus，this accessible intervention should become a major policy priority for
healthy aging.
第三部分语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处
的最佳选项。
Summer Claylon may nol have children in real life, but he's a“proud dad”to 2.8
million people on the Internet.
Every week, he sits down to dinner and has a__ 41 chat with his “kids". He looks into the camera and asks about their day. He_ 42 them how to shave, and reminds them it's OK to be_ 43 when life hurls. To some，his one-way conversations may seem_ 44 ● But his efforls have struck a chord ( 引起共鸣) among people who 45 a father figure- -or just someone who listens lo their 46 in the daily life.
Clayton is a civilian fitness trainer in real life. He started 47 on the Internet in late 2020 with- inspirational and how-tovideos, and__ 48_ jokingly called him“dad" His first video to go viral was a shaving how-l0- -a 49 to someone who sent him a message asking，“ hey Dad, can you teach me howto shave ” The video__ 50_ ， earning him lens of thousands of new fans within hours.
Clayton's extended family comes in all_ 51 . Many of his“kids" are old enough to be his parents. Clayton's__ 52 doesn't seem to bother his fans. Al 58 ，Sarah D'Imperio may nol seem like Claylon's largel audience, bul she believes that it's a (n) 53- idea ，especially for youngsters who may nol have a paternal (父亲的) role model that listens or has_ 54 to listen. “ Il's just heartwarming to see someone, trying to 55 a small part of that role for anyone," she says.
41. A. quick B. formal C, secret D. virtual
42. A. trains B. convinces C. teaches D. supports
43. A. painful B. peaceful C. shameful D. hopeful
44. A. dull B. lough C. silly D. brief
45. A. find B. need C. admit D. start
46. A. decisions B. hobbies C. excuses D. troubles
47. A. posting B. profting C. searching D. donating
48. A. critics B. followers C. experls D. reporters
49. A. suggestion B. promise C. reward D. responise
50. A. caught up B. came out C. blew up D. held out
51. A. places B. ages C. types D. classes
52. A. faith B. experience C. youth D. appearance
53. A. brilliant B. ambitious C. complicated, D. abstract
54. A. ]uck B. time C. energD. honor
55. A. value B. create C. define D. fill
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Borm into an ethnic Miao family in rural Guizhou Province，Zhang was exposed from
a young age to the rich tradition of Miao embroidery (刺绣)一_ 56 cultural craft that has been passed down through generations. She spent countless hours as a child 57 ( observe) her mother and grandmother stitching fancy patterns onto fabrics by hand. In 2003 , hoping to modermize and share this heritage, she opened her first clothing shop in the provincial capital.
A decade. later, Zhang 58 ( establish ) her own clothing brand fooused on combining traditional Chinese-style qipao dresses. with colorful customized embroidery patterns.“We have trained hundreds of local Miao women in the ancient needlework techniques,”Zhang 59 ( proud ) remarke'd. “ The clothing line celebrates thei breathtaking handiwork , 60 I hope advances my home village's revitalization. ”
Her 61 (commit) to cultural preservation and rural development was recognized in 2019，when the China W omen's Handicraft Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition__ 62 ( hold) and Zhang's innovative design collection won top honors. I an interview afterwards, she reflected on both preserving traditional skills through new media, 63 expanding economic opportunities for artisans. “ We attach equal importance 64 cultural inheritance and market expansion," Zhang stated. “In the future, we'll continue innovating designs 65 ( display) Miao embroidery's beauty
and diversity.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校将举办“经典文化探索展”，并通过网络进行直播。请你给外国笔友Hans写封邮件，邀请他在线观看。内容包括:
1.活动介绍;
2.观看时间、方式;
3.你的期待。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成- -篇完整的短文。
When Mary entered the South Pole Penguin Research Lab, she saw her friend Tom gently stroking (轻抚) a penguin in his arms. As children of the lab scientists, Mary and Tom often observed the emperor penguins that were studied to understand how they adapted to extreme temperatures- -insights that could aid human survival.
“We're thirteen, Tom. It's time to grow up and stop playing with the lab penguins ,” said Mary as she started cleaning. “They're research animals, not pets."
“But the birds listen to me!”insisted Tom，his breath forming al cloud in the freezing air.“You're just trying to be a penguin whisperer again，”Mary replied，shaking her head with a gentle smile. The penguins seemed playful ,as they walked , dove, swam and chased their live fish for sport before eating.
Suddenly, an alarm rang out and red lights flashed，signaling a problem. The kids rushied over to look into it.“ I's colder than before- there's ice forming on the water,' noted Tom. Though always cold, Mary had never seen ice here before. She checked the habitat monitor and found that the temperature had gone down a lot.“ The heater must be broken!"
Mary quickly sent a message to uheir parents' research team; who were conducting outdoor studies. With the adults away, the kids would have to deal with the freezing conditions until help arrived.
Time dragged as Mary and Tom anxiously waited. The increasing cold caused them to shake.“I wonder what emperor penguins do in extreme cold, since they stay in the Pole all winter instead of going ,somewhere warmer," asked Mary.“They huddle (挤作一团),” Tom answered.“ They huddle together tightly so that the birds in he middle will be warm enough.”“What about the ones on the edge " Mary asked.“ They push their way towards the center， and then move back out to the edge, and struggle back again. Scientists in the early 21st century recorded it. ”He replied as he stared at the large crowd of the penguins in the lab,
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试
英语参考答案
第二部分阅读(满分50分)
第一节(每小题2.5分)
21 ~23 ABC 24 ~27 BADB 28~31 DCBD 32 ~35 DDAC
第二节(每小题2.5分)
36 ~ 40 EDACG
第三部分语言运用 (满分30分)
第一节(每小题1分)
41 ~45 DCACB 46 ~50 DABDC 51 ~55 BCABD
第二节(每小题1.5分)
56. a
57. observing 58. established
59. proudly
60. which
61. commitment 62. was held
63. and
64. to
65. to display
第四部分写作 (满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
Dear Hans，
I hope this email finds you well. I'm excited to share that our school will be hosting a
“Classic Culture Exploration Exhibition”，and I will be thrilled if you can join us for the online
live streaming of the event.
The exhibition will showcase a diverse range of classic cultural artifacts， literature, and
art, offering a fascinating exploration of our rich heritage. The live streaming will take place at
9 AM Beijing next Friday, and you can join us through our school's official website as attached
below.
I'm looking forward to having y0u virtually with us for this experience. Y our participation
will surely add to the enjoyment of the event.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
Possible version 1 :
“I have an idea to stay warm !”Tom shouted excitedly. Spreading his arms，he suggested
joining the penguin huddles. W orried that the penguins wouldn't let them，Mary hesitated but
was soon persuaded by Tom's assuring grin. He slowly approached the crowded penguins ，
crouching down. Gently stroking them with care, he whispered softly. Though startled at first,
the penguins recognized Tom and let him into their group. Mary quickly followed. The children
squeezed into the huddle's edge with the penguins. Just as the birds did, they moved toward
the middle and back out as the group shifted.
Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help. Rushing in calling for the kids,
they were surprised. The children were safely surrounded by penguins in a large bundle. When
asked how they stayed warm，the kids looked at each other proudly. “We copied what the
emperor penguins do,”they told their parents. Mary patted Tom's shoulder with admiration ，
calling him a penguin whisperer. With a big smile，Tom gave credit to the penguins who taught
them a lot. Their teamwork had seen them through the difficult cold with the penguins' aid.
Possible version 2:
“I have an idea to stay warm!”Tom shouted excitedly. Tom suggested joining the
penguins with their huddles to get wam. Mary hesitated with concern that the birds wouldn't
accept them. Tom grinned with confidence while approaching the birds which had already
crowded together due to the temperature. Slowly and gently， he crouched down to get close to
he penguins, reached out his hands and stroke them with great affection, whispering to them
soothingly. Though alarmed at first， the penguins recognized him and allowed him into their
huddle with intimacy. Mary quickly followed his lead. The two kids squeezed their way from
the edge of the crowd to the center and returned to the edge with the flow, just as the birds
Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help. When the parents rushed in
screaming out the kids' names，they were amazed to see the kids were tightly surrounded by a
huge group of penguins, safe and sound. When asked how they managed to brave this terrible
cold, the two kids exchanged a glance and proudly told them it was the secret of the emperor
penguins that helped them keep warm. Patting Tom on the shoulder， Mary said with sincere
admiration，“You are a true penguin whisperer!” With a beam lighting up his face, Tom
praised the penguins for what they taught him.
Dear Hans,
Yours ,
Li Hua
“I have an idea to stay warm !”Tom shouted exciedly.
Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help.

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