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题型四：感谢信&人与动物类读后续写
感谢信
感谢信是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的个人或集体表示感谢的书信。感谢信要行文得体、语气礼貌恭敬、用词规范，感情真挚尤为重要。
感谢信写作步骤：
点明写信目的；
描述事件经过和自己的感受；
再次致谢，表示回报。
【案例分析】
（浙江卷）假定你是李华,经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.表示感谢;2.回顾Alex对你的帮助;3.临别祝愿。
注意:写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Alex,
It's really hard to say goodbye to you! But meanwhile, I'm eagerly writing to express my gratitude to you for your help.
I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and written English. Additionally, you also frankly shared your learning experience with me. Most importantly, without your advice and assistance, I would not have made such unbelievable progress in English and would not have even ranked first in the recent English speech contest. All in all, words fail to convey how grateful I am.
Thanks again and wish you a pleasant journey home.
Yours ,
Li Hua
假定你是李华,你不慎丢失的手机被来中国旅游的美国青年Jim捡到并归还，现Jim已经回国。请你根据下面的要点提示,写封邮件表示感谢。
1.写信目的;2.感谢的理由;3.你的愿望。
Dear Jim ,
I am Li Hua.__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________(我想诚挚地感谢你拾到我的手机并归还给我)
Actually, whenever I look at my cellphone, I will think of you, a kind and honest young American. I became nearly mad the moment I found my new cellphone missing, since I bought it with my own hard-earned money after working part time for months at weekends.__________________, ________________________________________________________(我无法用语言表达我的感激)
Hopefully, you will come someday and then ④____________________________________
_________________________________________.(为回报你的好意,我会带你游玩北京)
Yours ,
Li Hua
二、“感谢”相关的素材积累：
1）夺人眼球开头句(表明写信目的)
1.I'd like to express/convey my great appreciation for your timely help and support.
2. I'm writing to convey my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help and care when l stayed at your home, without which I couldn't have enjoyed myself so much.
3. With the deepest gratitude, I'm writing to express my thanks to you for your kindness when I was traveling in London.
2）亮点出彩篇中句（描述事情经过和感受）
4.Undoubtedly, it was your encouragement and support that cheered me up when I encountered difficulties in English learning.
5.Thank you so much for the gift you sent me. It's one of the most wonderful gifts I have ever got.
6. During the week, the comfortable accommodation, delicious meals and your friendly family members all made me warm, leaving me everlasting memories.
7.Your introduction to English festivals and customs helped me adapt to the new surroundings better.
8. Had it not been for your assistance and kindness, I couldn't have made such great progress.
3）韵味无穷结尾句（再次致谢表示回报）
9.Words fail to express my thanks/gratitude/ appreciation to you.
10.Thanks again for your help and I'm sincerely looking forward to showing you around in order to repay your kindness.
三、人与动物类读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2020·浙江卷改编)One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal; to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world" the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous, Polar bears-like all wild animals should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear, 1 like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes, that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence." He pulled and bit the wire." He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and l tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws (爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter (相遇), I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears’ eyes, but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar (吼叫), the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
P1： A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
P2：At that very moment, the helicopter arrived.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
主题链接
主题特点: 人与动物类可涉及熊口、狼口或虎口脱险等,在续写过程中常描写人物的恐惧和焦虑,并可借助环境描写烘托人物的恐惧。
三步法:第一步:遭遇猛兽的危险处境十恐惧情绪:第二步:摆脱猛兽或获教(如释重负+动作链和场景描写);第三步:感谢救助+感受(可升华人与自然和谐相处的主题)。
续写步骤：
步骤1 读原文 理基本要素和2线
Character：____________________________________
When：____________________________________
Where：____________________________________
What：作者和妻子待在营地准备冒险拍摄北极熊,结果北极熊闯入,一场人战即将展开。
2情线：情节线:在营地等待拍摄北极熊----头北极熊被美味吸引,意图闯入----制造噪音无法吓退北极熊向营地经理求助----喷胡根粉喷雾剂暂时赶走北极熊---(续写)熊返回营地:直升机到了……
情感线: ____________________________________
步骤2：思续写情节 “以旧带新”2原则(421原则--4街接、2情线、】主題;ARE原则-action,
Response, emotion)
两段首句定一框:
衔接①:开头句衔接首句中的“熊又回来了”续写可描写________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
衔接②:尾句衔接第二段首句中的very moment,可续写第一段的情景是：_________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
二框二首1主题:
衔接③:开头句衔接首句中的“the helicopter arrived”,续写可描___________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
衔接④:尾句衔接原文首段中的“to photograph polar bears”可写__________________________
1主题:______________________________________
情感线: ______________________________________________
步骤3 思伏笔添细节 原续更融治
捕捉原文所设伏笔，充盈过渡句细节并合理衔接，以使续写段落在逻辑和内容上更符合原文基调。
原文伏笔点
Para 2 : Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous,; that is easier said than done过渡句中可与伏笔衔接的细节
续写第一段可利用细节描写熊和作者夫妇之间的“进攻防御一进攻一防御"的过程,突出情节的危险、急迫。在染北极熊攻击围栏的危险场景时，可描写周围的环境(风声、草等)烘托人物处境的危险和人物内心的恐惧。
Para 4 : The hungry bear; pulled and bit the wire: stood on his back legs and pushed...
Para.5 : with his massive paws
Para.7: With an angry roar.一熊的肢体动作、怒吼
续写第一段可写眼睛被胡椒喷雾伤害的北极熊用巨大解熊掌对围栏发动猛击,可伴随着怒吼等的肢体动作描写续写第二段可描写饥肠辘辘的熊吃面包时狼吞虎咽的动作
Para. 5：Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off
续写第二段可写直升机发出的噪音(deafening noise)吓走了北极熊。
必备物品:garlic bread，my camera
续写第一段中可描写朝熊扔面包,应对熊的攻击;续写第二段可描写熊冲进营地享用作者夫妇丢落的面包。
步骤4 沿原文特点 写3好表达(准确、丰富、地道)
原文利用双连或三连动作链描写人物或熊的动作,生动形象,画面感很强;描写情感时,利用形容词作状语;在陈述事实时,灵活利用时间状语从句、定语从句、并列句和宾语从句等，续写的语言也应抓住熊的特征,与原文语言特点一致,使一个体格粗壮,饥肠辘辘的北极熊跃然纸上。
确定续写部分的基本情节后,应添加合理的细节,用人物动作、心理活动、表情,语言和环境等描写丰富内容,增强叙述的画面感。①添加的细节要符合续写部分的叙述情境且应与原文已有的、与该细节相关的信息(情感线和细节线或伏笔)一致;②添加的细节中所描述的事件应紧扣原文中描写外貌(外观)、表情、动作和语言等反映人或物特点的词句。
【参考例文】
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Roaring even more angrily this time, he smashed his paws crazily against the wire fence, trying to tear us with his sharp claws. Panicked as we were, Elli and I screamed at the top of our lungs ,and waved our fists at him in an attempt to scare him away. To our disappointment, all these efforts were in vain. The bear violently dashed against the wooden posts which were evidently on the point of collapsing! Chilly winds whipping our faces. We could hear nothing but the sound of our hearts pounding violently in our chests.
At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. The deafening noise from the hovering vehicle swept away our fear. Out of the helicopter descended a rope to pull us up. Thrilled yet relieved, we grabbed the rope and eventually landed on the helicopter safe and sound. While looking at the bear from high above, I was amazed to spot him crash through the fence, rush for the inviting garlic bread and wolf it down. At this once-in-a-lifetime moment. I reached into my backpack and pulled out the camera, photographing that impressive scene.
【练习】
I.翻译下列词块
1.后腿站立__________________________________
2.与……面对面__________________________________
3.不速之客__________________________________
4.吓跑__________________________________
5.说着容易做着难__________________________________
6怒吼一声__________________________________
Ⅱ.翻译原句并仿效写句
我和埃利吓坏了,尝试了我们所知道的所有防熊措施。(形容词作状语)
____________________________________________________________________
[仿写] 我们面面相觑,惊呆了。
____________________________________________________________________
2.这只饥饿的熊凭嗅觉指引来到我们的营地,营地由高高的铁丝栅栏围着。(非限制性定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
[仿写]饿狼嗅啊嗅,凭嗅觉指引来到一对夫妻搭建的帐篷旁边。
____________________________________________________________________
3.我们对着喊大叫,使劲敲打锅具,还向空中开空枪。
____________________________________________________________________
[仿写] 我向前迈了一步,深吸一口气,然后用力踢门,门哗啦一声开了。
____________________________________________________________________
【拓展】有关“情绪”的表达
高兴：
v. dance, whistle, jump/leap with joy, feel a surge of happiness/delight/joy, be overcome with happiness/ delight/ joy,(one's eyes)twinkle,(one's heart) beat pound wildly, be in high spirits情绪高涨，be in cheerful spirits 情愉快
adj. happy, delighted, overjoyed，wild with joy 狂喜
1 . 他满面笑容。
____________________________________________________________________
2.他眉开眼笑;笑容照亮房间。
____________________________________________________________________
3.听到这个令人鼓舞的消息,我们十分高兴。
____________________________________________________________________
4.他面露喜色。
____________________________________________________________________
5.平静的湖面激起了浪花,我的心情也像浪花一样欢腾。
____________________________________________________________________
6 .我抑制不住内心的喜悦,蹦蹦跳跳地进了家门。
____________________________________________________________________
7.他的成就获得大家的认可,他很开心。
____________________________________________________________________
8. 她兴高采烈,笑得合不拢嘴。
____________________________________________________________________
激动
excited, thrilled, with excitement
1.她脸上露出激动的表情。
____________________________________________________________________
2.他激动得满脸通红。
____________________________________________________________________
3 . 她激动得两眼发亮
____________________________________________________________________
4.她两眼发亮，心激动得怦怦跳
____________________________________________________________________
5.她兴奋得不能自已。
____________________________________________________________________
6.想到要见一位真正的电影明星,他们就满心激动。
____________________________________________________________________
7 . 随着婚礼临近,她越来越兴奋。
____________________________________________________________________
8 . 她无法抑制自己的兴奋,高兴得手舞足蹈。
____________________________________________________________________
9.她打开信时激动得双手颤抖。
____________________________________________________________________

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