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2024外刊及中国日报精选（3.16期）文章改编：语法填空
（答案+译文）
第一篇
梅菜扣肉“塌房”，原料太“糟心”：
Recently, there 1.________(be) a notable surge in the sales of pre-packaged meals, with "braised pork with preserved mustard greens" emerging as a top favorite. Fuyang city in Anhui province has become a major production hub(中心) for this dish.
During the 2.________(influence) annual 315 Gala held by China Central Television to mark World Consumer Rights Day on March 15, it 3._________(report)that workers at a pork wholesale market in Fuyang had been using meat from pig neck— an area 4.________(contain) glands, lipoma, and thyroid— to make a traditional Chinese dish consisting of pork belly and preserved mustard greens, all in 5._______ effort to expand profit margins.
The report stated that the wholesale price for pork belly is about 24 yuan ($3.34) per kilogram, 6._________ is four times that of meat from pig neck.
CCTV added that the use of meat from a pig's neck violates Chinese 7._________(regulation)，yet it is being discovered in Fuyang's extensive semi-prepared food industry.
Footage displayed at the gala showed that workers at a local food business stacked frozen pork in open air, some without packaging. Inside the workshop, workers put sliced pork 8.________preserved mustard greens into cans to be sealed and shipped to market.
A person 9.________ charge said their business has flourished due to growing appetite for semi-marinated food, which is ready for consumption after simple cooking.
The use of low-quality meat as an ingredient in braised pork with preserved mustard greens has sparked public and market concern regarding food safety issues in the meat products industry and related fields.Police in Fuyang, Anhui province, 10.________(say) they had moved to detain those who allegedly used pork filled with lymphoid tissues to produce semi-prepared food shortly after a media exposure late on Friday.The three companies involved were shut down with their products confiscated, authorities said.
《中国日报》3.16期
第二篇
Air pollution linked todementia even in those not at genetic risk
即使在没有遗传风险的人身上，空气污染也与痴呆症有关
Air pollution from traffic 1.________(link) to some of the more severe 2.________(form) of dementia, and could be a significant cause of the condition among those who are not already genetically predisposed to it, research suggests.
A study carried out in Atlanta, Georgia, 3.________(find) that people with higher exposure to traffic-related fine particulate matter air pollution were more likely to have high amounts of the amyloid plaques in their brains that are associated 4.________Alzheimer's disease. The findings, which will alarm anyone living in a town or city, but particularly those living close to busy roads, add to the host of harms already 5.________(know) to be caused by road traffic pollution, ranging from climate change to respiratory diseases.
A team of researchers from Atlanta's Emory University set out to investigate the effects on people's brains of exposure the type of fine particulate matter known as PM2.5. This 6.________(consist) of particles of less than 2.5 microns diameter - about a hundredth the thickness of a human hair - suspended in the air, and known to penetrate deep into living tissue, including crossing the blood-brain barrier. Traffic-related PM2.5 concentrations are 7.________ major source of the ambient pollution in the metro-Atlanta area, and also in urban centres across the planet.
The Emory researchers examined the brain tissue of 224 people from Atlanta, 90% of 8.________ had a diagnosis of some form of dementia, who had agreed to donate their brains to medical science after their deaths. They also investigated the traffic-related PM2.5 pollution exposure at subjects ' home addresses in the years leading up to their 9._______(death). The average level of exposure in the year before death was 1.32 micro-grams per cubic metre, 10.________ 1.35 micrograms per cubic metre in the three years before death.
“We found that donors who lived in areas with high concentrations of traffic-related air pollution exposure, in particular PM2.5 exposure, had 11.________(high) levels of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in their brain.”said Anke Huels, an assistant professor at Emory, who was the lead author on the study. “In particular, we looked at a score that is used to evaluate amyloid plaques in the brain in autopsy samples, and we showed that donors who live in areas with higher levels of air pollution also had higher levels of amyloid plaques in their brain.” There was a positive relationship between the exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and the levels of amyloid plaques in the brains.
Researchers found that people whose PM2.5 exposure was 1 micro-gram per cubic metre higher in the year before death were nearly 12._______(two) as likely to have higher levels of amyloid plaques in their brains, 13.________ those with higher exposure in the three years before death were 87% more likely to have higher levels of plaques.
Huels and her team also investigated whether having the main gene variant associated with Alzheimer's disease, APOEe4, had any effect 14._________ the relationship between air pollution and signs of Alzheimer's in the brain. We found the association between air pollution and the severity of Alzheimer's disease was stronger among those who did not carry an APOEe4 allele [gene variant], that is those who did not have that strong genetic risk for Alzheimer's." Huels said. "Which suggests that environmental exposure to air pollution may explain some of the Alzheimer's risk in people 15._______ risk cannot be explained by genetic factors.” The findings are published in the 21February online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
《卫报》3.16期
第三篇
Top News | New undersea tunnel sets record
头条新闻|新海底隧道创纪录
An undersea tunnel of a high-speed railway was completed in South China on Friday, 1._______(set) a new record in the construction of high-speed railway tunnels in China.
As the Yongxing tunnel boring machine(隧道掘进机) reached the receiving well in Zhanjiang(湛江), Guangdong province, the Zhanjiang Bay Undersea Tunnel,a pivotal project of the Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-speed Railway, 2.________(complete)after 33 months of construction, marking a significant milestone in the construction of the new railway.It has also demonstrated the remarkable progress and technological achievements in China's high-speed railway infrastructure.
The Zhanjiang Bay Undersea Tunnel spans 3.________ total length of 9,640 meters, with a shield section measuring 7,551 meters.It is designed as a single tunnel with double tracks, crossing the seabed of the Zhanjiang Bay and the urban area of Zhanjiang.The tunnel used one Yongxing tunnel boring machine 4._________(excavate) the tunnel, crossing a 2,500-meter sea section and a 5,051-meter section of land.Notably, the tunnel is China's 5.________(long)single-headed undersea high-speed railway shield tunnel, showcasing the country's remarkable engineering prowess.
"Single-headed shield refers to the method of using a single tunnel boring machine to excavate continuously from one end to the other," said Yin Yihao, an engineer from China Railway's 14th Bureau Group, 6._______ was responsible for the tunnel's construction.Yin also noted that in traditional large-diameter shield tunneling, other methods are 7.________(common) employed, such as using tunnel boring machines to excavate from both sides and carry out seabed docking in the middle. However, Yin said that these traditional methods were not applied in the Zhanjiang Bay Undersea Tunnel due to the complicated geological conditions."The single-headed shield tunnel is 8.________(safe) and more efficient in this case," he said.
The Yongxing shield tunneling machine, with a diameter of 14.33 meters, is about as tall as a 5-story building. The machine dug as deep as about 50 meters beneath the water during construction, bearing a great deal of pressure."The maximum burial depth of the shield tunnel in the sea area is 52 meters, with water and soil pressure of 5.2 bars, equivalent to bearing 5.2 kilograms of pressure on an area the size of a fingernail," said He Ziliang, another engineer from the China Railway's 14th Bureau Group, 9._______(add) that the team tailored the Yongxing shield tunneling machine specifically for these geological conditions.Yongxing can excavate 10._______ an average speed of 260 meters a month, with a record of 510 meters per month.
Wu Chunzhao, a senior engineer of the China Railway Design Corp, the general contractor of the railway, 11.________(explain) the reason for building an undersea tunnel instead of a bridge."Building a tunnel preserves the beautiful urban skyline of the Zhanjiang Bay, 12.________ also avoids the impact of the project on the marine ecological environment," he said.Wu also noted that a bridge will affect the large vessels' navigation, but the tunnel will not do this.
"It also mitigates the impact of typhoons, 13.________ often happen in this area. High-speed rail operations are easily affected by severe weather, such as typhoons, and the subsea tunnel 14.________(effective) mitigates the safety issues of high-speed rail 15.________(operation) caused by typhoons," he added.
The tunnel is a key project of a high-speed railway linking Guangzhou and Zhanjiang in Guangdong.
According to Hu Jijun from Guangdong Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-Speed Railway Corp, the investor of the railway, the 16._______(complete) of the tunnel has laid a solid foundation for the completion of the railway, which 17.________(expect) to be operational by the end of 2025.The 401-km Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-Speed Railway, with a 18._______(design) speed of 350 km per hour, is an important part of China's high-speed railway network. 19.________ its opening, the rail travel time between Guangzhou and Zhanjiang will be reduced to about 90 minutes from more than 2.5 hours.The opening of the railway will 20._______(far) improve the coastal high-speed railway corridor, facilitating the construction of a comprehensive transportation network in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and also boosting the high-quality development of the region.
光盘君 中国日报 2024-03-16
答案：
第一篇:has been influential was reported containing an which regulations and in said
第二篇：is linked forms found with known consists a whom deaths and higher twice while on whose
第三篇：setting was completed a to excavate longest which commonly safer adding at explained and which effectively operations completion is expected designed After further
译文；
第一篇
近年来，预制菜销售火爆，“梅菜扣肉”成“顶流”。安徽省阜阳市是梅菜扣肉预制菜的主要产区之一。
在中国中央电视台为纪念3月15日世界消费者权益日举办的有影响力的315晚会上，有报道称，阜阳一家猪肉批发市场的工人用猪脖子肉（含有腺体、脂肪瘤和甲状腺的部位）制作了一道由五花肉和芥菜组成的传统中国菜，这一切都是为了扩大利润空间。
报道称，五花肉的批发价约为每公斤24元（3.34美元），是猪脖子肉的四倍。
中央电视台补充说，使用猪脖子肉违反了中国的规定，但在阜阳广泛的半成品食品工业中发现了这一点。
联欢晚会上播放的视频显示，当地一家食品企业的工人将冷冻猪肉露天堆放，有些猪肉没有包装。在车间内，工人们将切片猪肉和腌制的芥菜装入罐头，密封后运往市场。
一位负责人表示，由于人们对半腌制食品的胃口越来越大，他们的生意兴隆，这种食品经过简单的烹饪后就可以食用了。在梅菜扣肉中使用劣质肉类作为配料，引发了公众和市场对肉制品行业及相关领域食品安全问题的关注。安徽阜阳警方表示，在上周五晚间媒体曝光后不久，他们已采取行动拘留那些涉嫌使用含有淋巴组织的猪肉生产半成品食品的人。有关部门表示，三家涉事公司已被关停，产品被没收。
第二篇
研究表明，交通造成的空气污染与一些更严重的痴呆症有关，对于那些没有遗传易感性的人来说，这可能是导致痴呆症的重要原因。
在乔治亚州亚特兰大进行的一项研究发现，暴露在交通相关的细颗粒物空气污染中的人更有可能在大脑中产生大量与阿尔茨海默病有关的淀粉样斑块。这一发现会让所有居住在城镇或城市的人感到震惊，尤其是那些住在繁忙道路附近的人，它增加了已知由道路交通污染造成的一系列危害，从气候变化到呼吸系统疾病。
来自亚特兰大埃默里大学的一组研究人员开始调查暴露在一种被称为PM2.5的细颗粒物中对人们大脑的影响。
它由直径小于2.5微米的颗粒组成，大约是人类头发厚度的百分之一，悬浮在空气中，已知可以深入渗透到活体组织中，包括穿过血脑屏障，交通相关的PM2.5浓度是亚特兰大大都会地区以及全球城市中心环境污染的主要来源。
埃默里大学的研究人员检查了224名来自亚特兰大的人的脑组织，其中90%的人被诊断出患有某种形式的痴呆症，他们同意在死后将自己的大脑捐献给医学研究。他们还调查了研究对象在死亡前几年的家庭住址中与交通有关的PM2.5污染暴露情况。死亡前一年的平均暴露水平为每立方米1.32微克，死亡前三年的平均暴露水平为每立方米1.35微克。
“我们发现，生活在交通相关空气污染，特别是PM2.5污染高度集中地区的捐赠者，他们的大脑中有更高水平的阿尔茨海默病神经病理学，”埃默里大学助理教授、该研究的主要作者安克HueIs说。特别是，我们研究了一个用于评估尸检样本中大脑淀粉样斑块的分数，我们发现，生活在空气污染程度较高地区的捐赠者大脑中淀粉样斑块的水平也较高。”暴露在高水平的PM2.5中与大脑中淀粉样斑块的水平呈正相关。
研究人员发现，在死亡前一年，PM2.5暴露量每立方米高出1微克的人，其大脑中淀粉样斑块水平升高的可能性几乎是普通人的两倍，而在死亡前三年暴露量较高的人，其大脑中淀粉样斑块水平升高的可能性要高出87%。
Huels和她的团队还调查了与阿尔茨海默病相关的主要基因变体APOEe4是否对空气污染和大脑中阿尔茨海默病迹象之间的关系有任何影响。“我们发现空气污染和阿尔茨海默病严重程度之间的联系在那些没有携带APOEe4等位基因（基因变异）的人中更强，也就是那些没有那么强的阿尔茨海默病遗传风险的人。”Huels说。“这表明，暴露在空气污染的环境中，可以解释一些无法用遗传因素解释风险的人患阿尔茨海默病的风险。”研究结果发表在2月21日的《神经病学》网络版上，这是美国神经病学学会的医学杂志。
第三篇
周五，一条高速铁路海底隧道在华南完工，创下了中国高速铁路隧道建设的新纪录。
随着永兴隧道掘进机到达广东省湛江市的接收井，广湛高速铁路的关键项目湛江湾海底隧道在历时33个月的施工后竣工，标志着新铁路建设的一个重要里程碑。也展示了中国高速铁路基础设施建设的显著进步和技术成果。
湛江湾海底隧道全长9640米，盾构区间7551米。它被设计为一个双轨道的单隧道，穿过湛江湾和湛江市区的海底。隧道采用一台永兴隧道掘进机开挖，穿越2500米的海面和5051米的陆地。值得注意的是，这条隧道是中国最长的单头海底高速铁路盾构隧道，展示了中国非凡的工程实力。
“单头盾构是指使用一台隧道掘进机从一端到另一端连续挖掘的方法，”中国铁路十四局集团的工程师尹一浩说，该集团负责隧道的建设。尹还指出，在传统的大直径盾构隧道施工中，通常采用其他方法，如使用隧道掘进机从两侧开挖，并在中间进行海底对接。然而，尹说，由于湛江湾海底隧道地质条件复杂，这些传统方法并不适用。“在这种情况下，单头盾构隧道更安全，效率更高，”他说。
永兴盾构掘进机，直径14.33米，约有5层楼高。在施工过程中，这台机器在水下挖掘了大约50米的深度，承受着巨大的压力。
“海域盾构隧道最大埋深为52米，水土压力为5.2巴，相当于在指甲盖大小的面积上承受5.2公斤的压力，”中铁十四局集团的另一名工程师何子良说，他还说，该团队专门为这些地质条件定制了永兴盾构掘进机。
永兴能以平均每月260米的速度挖掘，创下了每月510米的纪录。
这条铁路的总承包商—-中国铁路设计总公司的高级工程师吴春钊解释了不建桥而建海底隧道的原因。
他说：“修建隧道既保留了湛江湾美丽的城市天际线，也避免了该项目对海洋生态环境的影响。”
吴还指出，桥梁会影响大型船舶的航行，但隧道不会这样做。
“也减轻了台风的影响，台风经常发生在这个地区。高铁运营容易受到台风等恶劣天气的影响，海底隧道有效缓解了台风带来的高铁运营安全问题，”他补充道。
该隧道是连接广州和湛江的高速铁路的关键项目。
该铁路的投资方、广东广湛高铁公司的胡继军表示，隧道的建成为这条铁路的建成奠定了坚实的基础，预计这条铁路将于2025年底投入运营。广湛高速铁路全长401公里，设计时速350公里，是中国高速铁路网的重要组成部分。开通后，广州至湛江的铁路旅行时间将从2.5个多小时缩短至约90分钟。该铁路的开通将进一步完善沿海高速铁路走廊，有利于构建粤港Macao大湾区的综合交通网络，促进区域高质量发展。

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