资源简介

2024年高考第二次模拟考试（上海01）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
A．Fresh. B．Salty. C．Tender. D．Dry.
A．A luxurious tie. B．A set of classic works.
C．A red scarf. D．A wallet.
3. A．In a barbershop. B．In the cinema. C．In the mall. D．In the library.
4. A．The boy stayed up all night. B．The boy came home too early.
C．The boy is forgiven. D．The boy didn’t go home at night.
5. A．She will accompany the man who asks questions.
B．She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term.
C．She sympathized with the man very much.
D．She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term.
6. A．She needs to hurry. B．The alarm clock didn’t ring.
C．She broke the alarm clock. D．She is late for school.
7. A．$ 10,000. B． 11 ,000. C． 12 ,000. D．$11 ,000
8. A．He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury.
B．He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving.
C．He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes.
D．He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor.
9. A．He is just an ordinary man, not a hero.
B．He wants the woman to publicize his deeds.
C．He has already finished financial aid for students.
D．He wants the woman to keep it a secret.
10. A．The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed.
B．The man can’t have a shower before going to bed.
C．Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p. m. in winter.
D．The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p. m.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．Have a professional energy checkup.
B．Update all the household appliances.
C．Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup.
D．Find the leaks on the outside of your home.
12．A．Because it can help you save energy in a house.
B．Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first.
C．Because it can help you remember where you have inspected.
D．Because it can help you reduce the air leaks.
13．A．How to choose a professional energy checkup.
B．How to conduct the home energy checkup.
C．How to make a list of obvious air leaks.
D．How to save energy in your home.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．To make people remember him.
B．To show his excellent talent.
C．To remember the moments in university.
D．To recall his childhood.
15．A．It used some advanced narrative skills.
B．It is easy to understand the deep meaning.
C．It has a kind of bell ringing quality.
D．It is suitable to recite aloud with expression.
16．A．He likes to compose poems at quiet corners.
B．He graduated from Harvard University in 1995.
C．He wrote only two poems in his life.
D．He had a good time at Harvard.
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17．A．His office is richly decorated.
B．He has used this office for a week.
C．His office is very modem.
D．His office space is spacious enough.
18．A．To record his trip next week.
B．To communicate with overseas scholars.
C．To collect cost-effective web cameras.
D．To record the contents of the report file.
19．A．A chair that rises up and down and has arms.
B．A modem simple chair.
C．A folded chair without a handle.
D．A second-hand solid wood chair.
20．A．How to choose a web camera.
B．How to prepare for an online meeting report.
C．How to improve Professor White’s office.
D．How to decorate Professor White’s Office.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Science journals ban listing of ChatGPT as co-author on papers
The publishers of thousands of scientific journals have banned or restricted contributors’ use of an advanced AI-driven chatbot amid the concerns 21 it could pepper academic literature with flawed and even fabricated research.
ChatGPT, a fluent but flaky chatbot developed by OpenAI in California, has impressed or distressed more than a million human users by rattling out poems, short stories, essays and even personal advice since its launch in November.
22 the chatbot has proved a huge source of fun -- its take on how to free a peanut butter sandwich from a VCR, in the style of the King James Bible, is one notable hit -- the program can also produce fake scientific abstracts that are convincing enough to fool human reviewers.
ChatGPT’s more legitimate (legal) uses in article preparation have already led to it 23 (credit) as a co-author on a handful of papers.
The sudden arrival of ChatGPT has promoted a scramble published to respond. On Thursday, Holden Thorp, the editor-in-chief of the leading US journal Science, announced an updated editorial policy, banning the use of text from ChatGPT and clarifying that the program could not be listed as an author.
“Given the craze that has built up around this, it’s a good idea to make 24 absolutely clear that we will not permit ChatGPT to be an author or to have its text 25 (use) in papers,” Thorp said.
Leading scientific journals require authors to sign a form 26 (declare) that they are accountable 27 their contribution to the work. Since ChatGPT cannot do this, it cannot be an author, Thorp says.
But even using ChatGPT in the preparation of a paper is problematic, he believes. ChatGPT makes plenty of errors, which could find their way into the literature, he says, and if scientists come 28 (rely) on AI programs to prepare literature reviews or summarize their findings, the proper context of the work and the deep scrutiny(inspection) that results deserve could be lost. “That is the opposite direction of where we need to go,” he said.
Other publishers have made similar changes. On Tuesday, Springer-Nature, which publishes nearly 3,000 journals, updated its guidelines to state that ChatGPT cannot be listed as an author. But the publisher has not banned ChatGPT outright. The tool, and others like it, can still be used in the preparation of papers, provided that full details 29 (reveal) in the manuscript.
Elsevier, which publishes about 2,800 journals, including Cell and the Lancet, has taken a similar stance to Springer-Nature, 30 guidelines allow the use of AI tools to improve the readability and language of the research article, but not to replace key tasks that should be done by the authors, such as interpreting data or drawing scientific conclusions.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．celebrate B．overlooked C． circumstances D．cast E. incredibly F. factors G. unspoken H. swim I. strongly J. normal K. assume
Self-Silencing Is Making Women Sick
In the late 1980s, Harvard-trained psychologist Dana Jack identified a recurring theme among female patients suffering from depression: a tendency to self-silence, defined as “the tendency to engage in uncontrollable caretaking, pleasing the other, and restriction of self-expression in relationships in an attempt to achieve intimacy and meet relational needs.” He found that this learned behavior, 31 rooted in gender norms, was linked to an increased risk of depression.
Since then, considerable evidence has revealed that female self-silencing isn’t just tied to psychological issues like depression and eating disorders, but also to physical illness. Most worryingly, it has also been linked to higher risk of premature death. This was true even when 32 such as age, blood pressure, and smoking were taken into account.
When women push their feelings down and 33 their needs aside, their health suffers. But it can be difficult for women to do otherwise in cultures that 34 these self-silencing practices. Moms are praised for being painstakingly selfless to the point of self-sacrifice. These 35 standards establish a vicious (恶性的) cycle. For many women, it feels easier—beneficial, even—to silence their needs at the expense of their own health, rather than 36 against the prevailing cultural current.
In his best-selling book, The Myth of Normal, physician and author Gabor Mate writes that many of our society’s most “normalized ways of being” are, in fact, 37 toxic. “That ‘not listening to self’ in order to prioritize others’ needs is a significant source of the health-impairing roles women 38 ,” Mate explains. “It is among the medically 39 but extremely harmful ways in which our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”
To reshape the virtues of womanhood, a new “ 40 ” needs to emerge—one in which we honor our emotions, prioritize our needs, and actively communicate our boundaries. Such a shift requires change on both the individual and societal level, and will by no means be easy. But it’s certainly worth it—after all, women’s lives depend on it.
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Restaurant and hotel bosses have had a tough year. Some 700, 000 hospitality workers threw in the 41 on average each month in the past year. Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers 42 relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19. The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%. 43 from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse; as cases increased greatly in December, restaurant footfall (客流) fell 44
As in other industries, workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons, from fear of infection to 45 opportunities elsewhere. But one big motive is burnout. Surveys find that 46 stress is a growing concern across the labour market, but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles, where hybrid work is not possible. Data showed that employees 47 the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance. Workers report that new tasks such as dealing with angry customers and 48 health mandates (指令) have added to the burden.
Work in restaurants and hotels can be physically 49 . poorly paid and unpredictable. Unlike white-collar workers, who suffer from needing to be constantly available, service workers burn out as a result of uncertain 50 and a lack of control over time, says Ashley Whillans of Harvard Business School. Ian Cook of Visier, a human-resources-analytics firm, says that time off during lock-downs gave employees an opportunity to 51 their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.”
Firms have 52 to respond. Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8. 1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. 53 , that many not be enough. In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.
Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce. As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress. This 54 gives birth to more exits, and so on. 55 an ageing population, with decreasing numbers of young people prepared to work in kitchens or sweep hotel corridors, and hospitality businesses may be contending with (难应对) blue-collar burnout for years to come.
41．A．wrap B．vacation C．towel D．identity
42．A．spare B．rich C．short D．scarce
43．A．Contribution B．Uncertainty C．Remedy D．Consequence
44．A．coincidentally B．sharply C．suddenly D．temporarily
45．A．rare B．better C．occasional D．unclear
46．A．primary B．pessimistic C．momentary D．long-term
47．A．calculate B．approach C．inspect D．rate
48．A．reforming B．regulating C．enforcing D．engaging
49．A．relaxing B．challenging C．draining D．inviting
50．A．schedules B．payments C．exchanges D．prospects
51．A．inquire into B．reflect on C．account for D．answer for
52．A．rushed B．failed C．hesitated D．expected
53．A．Hence B．Moreover C．Similarly D．Nonetheless
54．A．in return B．in a row C．in turn D．in advance
55．A．Exclude B．Follow C．Concern D．Add
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Among all the different types of journey that people undertake there are also those of a spiritual nature. Some of the trips we do in our lives are purely for pleasure, some are meant to make us stronger, sometimes we travel to explore and learn, and in all of these undertakings we grow and become wiser.
There is a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to acquire that knowledge is by traveling and experiencing. This ancient aboriginal initiation ritual involves exactly this: a long spiritual hike across the native land. Although widely known as “Walkabout,” in later years the ritual has been referred to as “temporary mobility,” because the former is often used as an insulting term in Australian culture.
A young man on Walkabout
Historically speaking, the walkabout is a ceremony of passage in which young (adolescent) Aboriginal Australians undertake a journey that will help “transform” them into adults. The journey is usually made between the ages of 10 and 16. During this journey which can last for up to six months, the individual is required to live and survive all alone in the wilderness.
This is not an easy thing to do, especially not for teenagers. That is why only those who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to proceed with the walkabout. Only the elders of the group decide whether it is time or not for the child to do it. The children are not completely unprepared for the journey. During the years before the walkabout, the elders instruct them and give them advice about the ceremony and adult life in general; they have been passed the “secrets” of the tribe, the knowledge about their world.
Aboriginal woman
Those who are initiated in the walkabout are also decorated with body paint and ornaments. Sometimes they are marked with a permanent symbol on their bodies. In some cases, a tooth is removed from the mouth, or the nose or ears of the initiated are pierced. Traditional walk about clothes include only a simple loin cloth and nothing more.
During a walkabout, a young person can sometimes travel a distance of over a 1, 000miles. In order to survive this long hike, the participant in the walkabout must be able to make their own shelter and must be capable of obtaining food and water for themselves.
That means he needs to hunt, catch fish, and also recognize and use edible and healing plants. The initiated youngster must learn to identify plants such as bush tomatoes, Illawarra plums, quandongs, lilly-pillies, Muntari berries, wattle seeds, Kakadu plums, and bunya nuts.
56．What can be referred from the first two paragraphs of the passage
A．Australians like to engage in all kinds of travel. B．People can gain knowledge through travel.
C．Travel is usually purely for pleasure. D．Walkabout is a long spiritual journey.
57．What do we know about the young Aboriginal Australians
A．All young Australians are required to live alone in the wilderness.
B．The difficulties they experienced in hiking turned them into adults.
C．Walkabout should only be done if they are mentally and physically prepared.
D．Walkabout is an unprepared test for the young Aboriginal Australians.
58．According to the passage, what skill does a person need to acquire in the walkabout
A．Identifying directions. B．Preserving physical strength.
C．Planting plants. D．Hunting and fishing.
59．Which of the following options is true about walkabout
A．Only people who have experienced torture are qualified to the walkabout.
B．Women must decorate themselves with body paint and ornaments.
C．To survive, the participants need to acquire certain survival skills.
D．Native women are not required to participate in the walkabout.
(B)
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60．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is a device used to ________.
A．charge your mobile phone
B．protect your mobile phone
C．remove bacteria from your mobile phone
D．repair your mobile phone
61．The following are the features of the Mobile Phone Sterilizer except that ________.
A．it is convenient to be carried
B．it needs an extra 5 voltage power supply
C．it is environmentally friendly
D．most of the bacteria can be killed by it
62．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．The toilet seat cover has more bacteria than the mobile phone.
B．You needn’t separate the batteries from the Sterilizer if it’s not used for long.
C．You don’t have to press the OFF button when sterilization is over.
D．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is only suitable for iPhone & Samsung.
(C)
It has always been assumed that noise is a problem unique to animals. But a new study by Ali Akbar has revealed that plants suffer too.
That plants can be damaged indirectly by noise pollution has never been in doubt. Since most flowering species depend upon pollinators (授粉者) and most fruit-bearing species need animals to spread around their seeds, it is obvious that if these animal partners are harmed by noise then their botanical counterparts will do badly, too. What has remained unknown is whether or not plants themselves suffer directly from noise pollution.
Scientists have previously assumed that plants may be able to sense sound waves as they are struck by them. A number of experiments have confirmed this in recent years — plants heavily exposed to ultrasound in the lab have shown a range of negative responses including the expression of stress-related genes, slowed growth and reduced development of seeds.
Yet attacking plants with ultrasound is not the same as growing them in the presence of actual traffic noise. To this end, Ali Akbar decided to set up an experiment to study precisely this questions.
Working with a team of colleagues, he grew marigolds (孔雀草) and sage (鼠尾草) in his lab that are commonly found in urban environments. The plants were divided into two groups after getting mature. One group was exposed to 73 decibels of traffic noise. The other group was left to grow in silence. After 15 days had passed, samples were taken from the youngest fully expanded leaves on every plant in the experiment and studied.
None of the plants exposed to the traffic noise did well. Analysis of their leaves revealed that all of them were suffering. The team found that a range of hormones(荷尔蒙) normally associated with healthy growth and development in plants were present at significantly reduced levels in the plants exposed to the noise. Two stress hormones, which are normally produced to prevent insect attacks and deal with salty soil or very cold temperatures, were elevated.
Ali Akbar’s findings make it clear that though plants lack ears, the noise of traffic still bothers them enough to trigger dramatic stress responses that are not much different to those that would be found in plants exposed to drought, highly concentrated salt or heavy metals in their soil.
The next question is whether all noise pollution affects all species in the same way. The natural world is by no means silent. Whether some plant species have evolved coping mechanisms, which might one day be collected and transferred into urban-living species, is a mystery worth exploring.
63．What did scientists believe in the past
A．Noise is a problem directly facing both animals and plants.
B．Plants can be affected by noise in an indirect way.
C．Animal partners can do harm to their botanical partners.
D．Sound waves can damage plants because they have senses.
64．What did Ali Akbar want to confirm in their experiment
A．Ultrasound is similar to traffic noise in that it doesn’t harm plants.
B．Plants exposed to ultrasound exhibit negative signs of growth.
C．Traffic noise causes plants to grow unhealthily and slowly.
D．Plant leaves contain hormones dealing with a harsh environment.
65．Which of the following statements is true
A．Plants growing in silence have a reduced level of hormones
B．Plants exposed to noise respond differently from those in drought.
C．Different noise pollution has the same effect on all species.
D．An increase in stress hormones in plants means they are in hardship.
66．What can we infer from the passage
A．Some plants may not necessarily be harmed by the sound in nature.
B．Some plants have surely developed a method to cope with traffic noise.
C．Unban-living species can be engineered to grow well in the natural world.
D．The silence in nature promotes the development of noise coping mechanisms.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
The Dance of Life
Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances. 67 There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison.
Nevertheless, it is only human beings who have adapted dance to therapeutic purposes. Dance as therapy goes back a long time. Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling. 68 This was the birth of dance therapy.
69 It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions: religious ceremonies, war dances, hunting dances, rain dances, planting and harvesting dances, marriage and funeral dances. Sadly, today, many “advance” industrial societies, such as the U. S. , have lost many of the functions connected to these older dances. They have been replaced, for example, with rave dancing which, at its best, involves shaking your body at a rave or nightclub.
But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival. 70 There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being. People who may be put off by therapies based on weird philosophies will readily take to dancing every Saturday night. Dance therapy nowadays, in fact, is taken very seriously by both alternative and conventional medical practitioners. It would seem that the “dance of life” continues to move us all.
A．Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power. B．And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well. C．Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy. D．Those with medical problems can’t tell they are in therapy because they are just having fun. E．Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions. F．They dressed up as animals and jumped up and down making animal movements and noises.
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Communicating science
One of the major problems for scientists lies in communicating the value of research to non-specialists that matter:policymakers and the general public. In recent years, scientific organisations have come a long way in developing ways to make science more accessible to non-specialist groups.
The development of blogs has helped substantially in bringing science closer to the public. According to Wikipedia, the ScienceBlogs network is now ranked 37th among the most authoritative blogs worldwide, with two of its sections having won weblog awards. Released from editorial restrictions, science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about. They often write about science in an accessible, lively manner, and it is this that perhaps most attracts members of the public. Ed Yong’s Not Exactly Rocket Science, for instance, is filled with the writer’s enthusiasm and down-to-earth attitude towards the subject. His chatty, youthful style appeals to a wide range of readers.
Television has also boosted the image of science. Early pioneers such as Jacques Cousteau, whose beautifully filmed documentaries opened up the oceans to millions, quickly realised the potential of TV to make science come alive for viewers. Other science disciplines have eagerly followed suit. Entertaining presenters carry out daring experiments or explore amazing scientific phenomena in order to attract attention. Celebrities such as Brian Cox, once famous for playing music in D:Ream, have also been instrumental in bringing science into popular culture. Now working in the field of physics, Brian is presenter of the BBC TV series Wonders of the Solar System. His background means that his face is not only well known to younger viewers but is also considered cool. Other organisations have been using the power of visual media through the internet. For example, SciVee offers scientists video services to create online presentations of their research.
Nevertheless, despite this progress, communication remains one of science’s biggest obstacle. Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this problem, and thought about adding communications training to the curriculum.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
73．父母赚钱不容易，你千万要把钱花在刀刃上。(see to)
74．正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)
75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way)
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
春季高考考试过后，学校准备利用半天时间开展课余活动。目前有两个备选方案：（1）开展体育、艺术方面的活动 （2）去重点大学参观考察。
近期学校正在征询学生意见，请比较两个方案，给学校写一封信，谈谈你的看法。
信中必须包括:
1. 你建议采用的方案；
2. 你如此建议的理由；
3. 你对于执行该方案的建议。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第2页，共22页2024年高考第二次模拟考试（上海01）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．Fresh. B．Salty. C．Tender. D．Dry.
【答案】C
【原文】M: The beef looks fresh.
W: But I would recommend the chicken which is tender. The beef is too salty and not juicy.
Question: What does the woman think of the chicken
2．
A．A luxurious tie. B．A set of classic works.
C．A red scarf. D．A wallet.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Jack contributed a lot of my survey on the evolution of fashion. I want to buy him a present like a scarf or a wallet.
M: I heard he likes reading. If I were you, I would buy him a set of classics.
Question: What does the man suggest the woman buy for Jack
3．
A．In a barbershop. B．In the cinema. C．In the mall. D．In the library.
【答案】A
【原文】W: I’d like to have my hair colored. But you seem up to your neck.
M: Yes, we usually have a lot more customers on the weekend. Please take a seat. I’m afraid you have to be patient.
Question: Where does this conversation most probably take place
4．
A．The boy stayed up all night. B．The boy came home too early.
C．The boy is forgiven. D．The boy didn’t go home at night.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Sorry, mom, I should have come back home earlier. I’ll never do it again.
W: Let’s drop it this time.
Question: What can we learn from this conversation
5．
A．She will accompany the man who asks questions.
B．She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term.
C．She sympathized with the man very much.
D．She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Alice. I have no idea what this newly coined term means.
W: Well, you are not alone.
Question: What does the woman mean
6．
A．She needs to hurry. B．The alarm clock didn’t ring.
C．She broke the alarm clock. D．She is late for school.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Dad, did the alarm clock go off
M: That was 30 minutes ago. You slept right through it. Get up or you’ll be late for school.
Question: What does the man mean
7．
A．$ 10,000. B． 11 ,000. C． 12 ,000. D．$11 ,000
【答案】B
【原文】M: May I take another look at the Chinese painting Is it still priced 10,000
W: Sorry, sir, its price has risen by 10%.
Question: How much does the Chinese painting cost now
8．
A．He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury.
B．He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving.
C．He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes.
D．He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Moving these boxes up to the 5th floor is really beyond me.
M: They look so big. If only I hadn’t had my ankle twisted yesterday.
Question: What does the man imply
9．
A．He is just an ordinary man, not a hero.
B．He wants the woman to publicize his deeds.
C．He has already finished financial aid for students.
D．He wants the woman to keep it a secret.
【答案】D
【原文】W: What an unsung hero you are. You never told me that you have been financially assisting the students for years.
M: Let the matter rest. It’s just between you and me.
Question: What does the man mean
10．
A．The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed.
B．The man can’t have a shower before going to bed.
C．Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p. m. in winter.
D．The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p. m.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I hope there is hot water in the hotel after ten. I like to have a shower before bed, especially in winter.
W: But the front desk says hot water is available till 9: 00 pm.
Question: What can we learn from the conversation
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．Have a professional energy checkup.
B．Update all the household appliances.
C．Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup.
D．Find the leaks on the outside of your home.
12．A．Because it can help you save energy in a house.
B．Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first.
C．Because it can help you remember where you have inspected.
D．Because it can help you reduce the air leaks.
13．A．How to choose a professional energy checkup.
B．How to conduct the home energy checkup.
C．How to make a list of obvious air leaks.
D．How to save energy in your home.
【答案】11．C 12．B 13．B
【原文】A home energy checkup helps determine where your house is losing energy and money. When such problems are corrected your home will be more energy efficient. While a professional energy checkup provides a complete picture of your home’s energy use, a diligent self assessment can also help you find small problem areas. First, make a list of obvious air leaks. Check for indoor air leaks, such as gaps along the edge of the flooring and joints of the walls and ceiling. Also check the leaks on the outside of your home, especially in areas where two different building materials meet. Finally remember to check other places for leaks including windows, doors and switches. The potential energy savings from reducing leaks in our own may range from 10% to 20% per year. This do-it-yourself home energy checkup will not be as thorough as a professional home energy assessment, but it can help you highlight some of the easier areas to address. When walking through your home, keep a checklist of the areas you have inspected and the problems you have found. This list will help you decide which energy efficiency upgrade should be given priority to.
11. Which of the following is the most probable way to save energy in a house
12. Why does the speaker recommend you to keep a check list
13. What is the speaker mainly talking about
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．To make people remember him.
B．To show his excellent talent.
C．To remember the moments in university.
D．To recall his childhood.
15．A．It used some advanced narrative skills.
B．It is easy to understand the deep meaning.
C．It has a kind of bell ringing quality.
D．It is suitable to recite aloud with expression.
16．A．He likes to compose poems at quiet corners.
B．He graduated from Harvard University in 1995.
C．He wrote only two poems in his life.
D．He had a good time at Harvard.
【答案】14．C 15．C 16．D
【原文】Seamus Heaney was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1995 when he was teaching at Harvard University. On the day when Harvard celebrated its three hundred seventy-fifth anniversary before a large audience, he recited his poem composed in 1986 for the university three hundred and fiftieth anniversary. This 1986 poem relies on the power of repeating words and sounds. Heaney said in an interview, “There’s a kind of bell ringing quality to the poem, which makes it easy on the air.” He remembered writing just two poems during his early years at Harvard when he taught and read a lot. One poem is the anniversary poem. And the other is about learning the alphabets at a primary school. Heaney also recalled the physical Harvard where he had many happy moments. He said, “I still remember the excitement of driving around the campus and seeing the outlines of the houses. And I enjoyed a few quiet corners on campus where I would sit down and take a nap. The library at Adam’s house for one and the Woodbury poetry room for another. Then there was the yard. It was the inspiration for the anniversary poem and also a place that reminded me of my own boyhood in the countryside because it used to be a cow yard.”
Questions:
14. For what purpose did Seamus Heaney compose his 1986 poem
15. What is a feature of Seamus Heaney’s 1986 poem
16. What can be learned about Seamus Heaney
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17．A．His office is richly decorated.
B．He has used this office for a week.
C．His office is very modem.
D．His office space is spacious enough.
18．A．To record his trip next week.
B．To communicate with overseas scholars.
C．To collect cost-effective web cameras.
D．To record the contents of the report file.
19．A．A chair that rises up and down and has arms.
B．A modem simple chair.
C．A folded chair without a handle.
D．A second-hand solid wood chair.
20．A．How to choose a web camera.
B．How to prepare for an online meeting report.
C．How to improve Professor White’s office.
D．How to decorate Professor White’s Office.
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】W: Hi, Professor White.
M: Hi, Maggie.
W: It’s been a week since you arrived at the city. Do you like your office
M: Yeah, it’s great to have so much room and I love to see you.
W: I’m glad to hear that. Do you need any equipment or supplies
M: Actually, there are a few things I’ve been thinking about.
W: OK. What do you need
M: Well, I’ll give a presentation at an online conference next week. Is it possible to get a web camera for the computer
W: No problem. It is already at the top of our agenda. We want to encourage using technology to communicate with overseas scholars rather than expensive traveling.
M: Exactly. It’s so much easier and cheaper to do things that way.
W: The department chair likes to hear that kind of thinking. Anything else
M: Well, I hope I’m not asking too much, but can I get a new chair This one is really uncomfortable.
W: I think that’s an old chair. Sorry about that. Is there a specific kind you want, like a folding chair or a rocking one
M: I just like one that rises up and down and has arms.
W: Sure, I got it.
M: Thanks.
Questions:
17. What does the man say about his office
18. Why does the man need a web camera for his computer
19. What kind of chair does the man want
20. What are the speakers mainly talking about
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Science journals ban listing of ChatGPT as co-author on papers
The publishers of thousands of scientific journals have banned or restricted contributors’ use of an advanced AI-driven chatbot amid the concerns 21 it could pepper academic literature with flawed and even fabricated research.
ChatGPT, a fluent but flaky chatbot developed by OpenAI in California, has impressed or distressed more than a million human users by rattling out poems, short stories, essays and even personal advice since its launch in November.
22 the chatbot has proved a huge source of fun -- its take on how to free a peanut butter sandwich from a VCR, in the style of the King James Bible, is one notable hit -- the program can also produce fake scientific abstracts that are convincing enough to fool human reviewers.
ChatGPT’s more legitimate (legal) uses in article preparation have already led to it 23 (credit) as a co-author on a handful of papers.
The sudden arrival of ChatGPT has promoted a scramble published to respond. On Thursday, Holden Thorp, the editor-in-chief of the leading US journal Science, announced an updated editorial policy, banning the use of text from ChatGPT and clarifying that the program could not be listed as an author.
“Given the craze that has built up around this, it’s a good idea to make 24 absolutely clear that we will not permit ChatGPT to be an author or to have its text 25 (use) in papers,” Thorp said.
Leading scientific journals require authors to sign a form 26 (declare) that they are accountable 27 their contribution to the work. Since ChatGPT cannot do this, it cannot be an author, Thorp says.
But even using ChatGPT in the preparation of a paper is problematic, he believes. ChatGPT makes plenty of errors, which could find their way into the literature, he says, and if scientists come 28 (rely) on AI programs to prepare literature reviews or summarize their findings, the proper context of the work and the deep scrutiny(inspection) that results deserve could be lost. “That is the opposite direction of where we need to go,” he said.
Other publishers have made similar changes. On Tuesday, Springer-Nature, which publishes nearly 3,000 journals, updated its guidelines to state that ChatGPT cannot be listed as an author. But the publisher has not banned ChatGPT outright. The tool, and others like it, can still be used in the preparation of papers, provided that full details 29 (reveal) in the manuscript.
Elsevier, which publishes about 2,800 journals, including Cell and the Lancet, has taken a similar stance to Springer-Nature, 30 guidelines allow the use of AI tools to improve the readability and language of the research article, but not to replace key tasks that should be done by the authors, such as interpreting data or drawing scientific conclusions.
【答案】
21．that 22．Although/Though/While 23．being credited 24．it 25．used 26．declaring 27．for 28．to rely 29．are revealed 30．whose
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了数千家科学期刊的出版商已经禁止或限制撰稿人使用先进的人工智能聊天机器人，担心它可能会在学术文献中充斥有缺陷甚至捏造的研究。
21．考查同位语从句。句意：数千家科学期刊的出版商已经禁止或限制撰稿人使用先进的人工智能聊天机器人，担心它可能会在学术文献中充斥有缺陷甚至捏造的研究。这里为同位语从句的引导词，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。
22．考查状语从句。句意：尽管这个聊天机器人已经被证明是一个巨大的乐趣来源——它讲述了如何以詹姆斯国王版《圣经》的风格从录像机中取出花生酱三明治，这是一个引人注目的热门话题——但该程序也可以生成虚假的科学摘要，这些摘要足以令人信服地欺骗人类审稿人。考查状语从句的引导词，分析上下句可知，空处为让步状语从句的引导词，表示“虽然”，用though或although或while；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：ChatGPT在文章准备中的更合法的用途已经导致它被认为是少数论文的合著者。这里为非谓语动词担当介词“to”之后的宾语，表示被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故填being credited。
24．考查代词。句意：Thorp说：“考虑到围绕这个话题的狂热，我们最好明确表示，我们不会允许ChatGPT成为论文的作者，也不会让它的文字出现在论文中。”代词it担当形式宾语，代指真正的宾语“that we will not permit ChatGPT to be an author or to have its text _______in papers”。故填it。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：Thorp说：“考虑到围绕这个话题的狂热，我们最好明确表示，我们不会允许ChatGPT成为论文的作者，也不会让它的文字出现在论文中。” 这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，和宾语“text”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填used。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：领先的科学期刊要求作者签署一份表格，声明他们对自己的工作贡献负责。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“form”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填declaring。
27．考查固定搭配。句意：领先的科学期刊要求作者签署一份表格，声明他们对自己的工作贡献负责。固定搭配：be accountable for，意为“对……负责”。故填for。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，ChatGPT犯了很多错误，这些错误可能会出现在文献中，如果科学家开始依赖人工智能程序来准备文献综述或总结他们的发现，那么工作的适当背景和结果应得的深入审查(检查)可能会丢失。这里为非谓语动词担当动词come后的宾语，用动词不定式形式。故填to rely。
29．考查时态和语态。句意：这个工具，以及其他类似的工具，仍然可以用于准备论文，只要在手稿中显示全部细节。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“details”，和动词“reveal”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are revealed。
30．考查定语从句。句意：出版包括《细胞》和《柳叶刀》在内的约2800种期刊的Elsevier采取了与Springer-Nature类似的立场，后者的指导方针允许使用人工智能工具来提高研究文章的可读性和语言，但不能取代作者应该完成的关键任务，比如解释数据或得出科学结论。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Springer-Nature”，和空后的“guidelines”之间为所有关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．celebrate B．overlooked C． circumstances D．cast E. incredibly F. factors G. unspoken H. swim I. strongly J. normal K. assume
Self-Silencing Is Making Women Sick
In the late 1980s, Harvard-trained psychologist Dana Jack identified a recurring theme among female patients suffering from depression: a tendency to self-silence, defined as “the tendency to engage in uncontrollable caretaking, pleasing the other, and restriction of self-expression in relationships in an attempt to achieve intimacy and meet relational needs.” He found that this learned behavior, 31 rooted in gender norms, was linked to an increased risk of depression.
Since then, considerable evidence has revealed that female self-silencing isn’t just tied to psychological issues like depression and eating disorders, but also to physical illness. Most worryingly, it has also been linked to higher risk of premature death. This was true even when 32 such as age, blood pressure, and smoking were taken into account.
When women push their feelings down and 33 their needs aside, their health suffers. But it can be difficult for women to do otherwise in cultures that 34 these self-silencing practices. Moms are praised for being painstakingly selfless to the point of self-sacrifice. These 35 standards establish a vicious (恶性的) cycle. For many women, it feels easier—beneficial, even—to silence their needs at the expense of their own health, rather than 36 against the prevailing cultural current.
In his best-selling book, The Myth of Normal, physician and author Gabor Mate writes that many of our society’s most “normalized ways of being” are, in fact, 37 toxic. “That ‘not listening to self’ in order to prioritize others’ needs is a significant source of the health-impairing roles women 38 ,” Mate explains. “It is among the medically 39 but extremely harmful ways in which our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”
To reshape the virtues of womanhood, a new “ 40 ” needs to emerge—one in which we honor our emotions, prioritize our needs, and actively communicate our boundaries. Such a shift requires change on both the individual and societal level, and will by no means be easy. But it’s certainly worth it—after all, women’s lives depend on it.
【答案】
31．I 32．F 33．D 34．A 35．G 36．H 37．E 38．K 39．B 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现女性的自我沉默不仅与抑郁和饮食失调等心理问题有关，还与身体疾病有关，为了重塑女性的美德，需要尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。
31．考查副词。句意：他发现，这种习得性行为强有力地植根于性别规范，与抑郁风险的增加有关。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词rooted，结合句意可知，此处表示“强有力地”应为strongly符合语境。故选I项。
32．考查名词。句意：即使将年龄、血压和吸烟等因素考虑在内，结果也是如此。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，结合句意以及下文中的“such as age, blood pressure, and smoking”可知，此处表示“因素”应为factor且谓语动词为were taken，所以此处应是名词复数形式。故选F项。
33．考查动词。句意：当女性压抑自己的感受，把自己的需求放在一边时，她们的健康就会受到影响。分析句子结构可知，此处应与上文中的“push their feelings down”为并列谓语部分，结合句意可知，此处表示“抛弃”应为cast away，与push down为并列谓语，所以此处应使用一般现在时，句子主语为名词复数形式，所以此处使用动词原形。故选D项。
34．考查动词。句意：但在颂扬这些自我沉默行为的文化中，女性很难做出其他选择。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“赞扬”应为celebrate，结合上下文语境可知，此处应使用一般过去时，描述的是当前的客观事实，且与句子主语that指代的先行词cultures之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以此处使用动词原形。故选A项。
35．考查形容词。句意：这些不言而喻的标准建立了一个恶性循环。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“未说出来的”符合语境。故选G项。
36．考查动词。句意：对许多女性来说，以牺牲自己的健康为代价来抑制自己的需求，比与主流文化逆流而行更容易——甚至更有益。结合句意可知，此处表示“逆流而上”应为swim against，分析句子结构可知，rather than连接两个不定式结构，所以此处应使用动词原形。故选H项。
37．考查副词。句意：医生兼作家Gabor Mate在他的畅销书《正常的神话》中写道，我们社会中许多最“正常的存在方式”实际上是非常有害的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰形容词toxic，结合句意可知，此处表示“非常地”应为Incredibly符合语境。故选E项。
38．考查动词。句意：“为了优先考虑他人的需求而‘不倾听自己’是女性扮演损害健康角色的一个重要来源，” Mate解释说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句中的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“承担”应为assume，根据全文语境，此处讲述的是当前的客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，且与句子主语women之间为主动关系，主语为名词复数，所以使用动词原形。故选K项。
39．考查动词。句意：这是医学上被忽视但极其有害的方式之一，我们的社会‘正常’给女性带来了巨大的健康成本。分析句子结构可知，此处应为but后的harmful为并列关系作定语修饰名词ways，结合句意可知，此处表示“忽视”应为overlook，overlook与所修饰词ways之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式overlooked意为“被忽视的”符合语境。故选B项。
40．考查形容词。句意：为了重塑女性的美德，需要出现一种新的“常态”——我们尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词needs，结合句意以及上文中的“our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”可知，此处表示“正常的”应为normal。故选J项。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Restaurant and hotel bosses have had a tough year. Some 700, 000 hospitality workers threw in the 41 on average each month in the past year. Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers 42 relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19. The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%. 43 from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse; as cases increased greatly in December, restaurant footfall (客流) fell 44
As in other industries, workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons, from fear of infection to 45 opportunities elsewhere. But one big motive is burnout. Surveys find that 46 stress is a growing concern across the labour market, but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles, where hybrid work is not possible. Data showed that employees 47 the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance. Workers report that new tasks such as dealing with angry customers and 48 health mandates (指令) have added to the burden.
Work in restaurants and hotels can be physically 49 . poorly paid and unpredictable. Unlike white-collar workers, who suffer from needing to be constantly available, service workers burn out as a result of uncertain 50 and a lack of control over time, says Ashley Whillans of Harvard Business School. Ian Cook of Visier, a human-resources-analytics firm, says that time off during lock-downs gave employees an opportunity to 51 their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.”
Firms have 52 to respond. Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8. 1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. 53 , that many not be enough. In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.
Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce. As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress. This 54 gives birth to more exits, and so on. 55 an ageing population, with decreasing numbers of young people prepared to work in kitchens or sweep hotel corridors, and hospitality businesses may be contending with (难应对) blue-collar burnout for years to come.
41．A．wrap B．vacation C．towel D．identity
42．A．spare B．rich C．short D．scarce
43．A．Contribution B．Uncertainty C．Remedy D．Consequence
44．A．coincidentally B．sharply C．suddenly D．temporarily
45．A．rare B．better C．occasional D．unclear
46．A．primary B．pessimistic C．momentary D．long-term
47．A．calculate B．approach C．inspect D．rate
48．A．reforming B．regulating C．enforcing D．engaging
49．A．relaxing B．challenging C．draining D．inviting
50．A．schedules B．payments C．exchanges D．prospects
51．A．inquire into B．reflect on C．account for D．answer for
52．A．rushed B．failed C．hesitated D．expected
53．A．Hence B．Moreover C．Similarly D．Nonetheless
54．A．in return B．in a row C．in turn D．in advance
55．A．Exclude B．Follow C．Concern D．Add
【答案】
41．C 42．C 43．B 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆等服务行业就业人数减少的原因。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，平均每个月大约有70万名酒店员工辞职。A. wrap包裹；B. vacation度假；C. towel毛巾；D. identity身份。根据后文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers ___2___ relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19.”可知，与新冠疫情前相比，酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆的员工缺口为130万人，故可推测员工纷纷辞职。throw in the towel意为“放弃”，在本句中指员工辞职。故选C项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆的就业人数比新冠疫情前的1690万少了130万。 A. spare备用的；B. rich富有的；C. short短缺的；D. scarce缺乏的。根据后文的“The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%.”可知，休闲和酒店业的辞职率上升了一个百分点，故可推测出员工比疫情前少了很多。故选C项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 奥密克戎变异株的不确定性可能会让事情变得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐馆客流量急剧下降。A. Contribution贡献；B. Uncertainty不确定性；C. Remedy救济，治疗；D. Consequence结果。根据后文的“from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse”可知，奥密克戎具有不确定性，而这可能会让事情变得更糟。故选B项。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：奥密克戎变异株的不确定性可能会让事情变得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐馆客流量急剧下降。A. coincidentally巧合；B. sharply急剧地；C. suddenly突然；D. temporarily暂时。根据前文的“as cases increased greatly in December”可知，12月份病例大幅增加，所以餐馆客流量急剧下降。故选B项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其他行业一样，酒店业的员工也因为各种原因离开，从害怕感染到到其他地方有更好的机会都有。A. rare稀有；B. better更好的；C. occasional偶尔；D. unclear不清楚。根据前文的“workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons”和后文的“opportunities”可知，员工离开，有的是因为寻找更好的机会。故选B项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：调查发现，长期压力是整个劳动力市场日益关注的问题，但服务业的不满情绪尤其高，因为服务业不可能实现混合工作。A. primary初级的；B. pessimistic悲观的；C. momentary瞬时；D. long-term长期的。根据后文的“stress is a growing concern across the labour market”可知，压力是整个劳动力市场日益关注的问题，而这种压力应是长期的，才会造成员工离开。故选D项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数据显示，员工评价酒店业是工作与生活平衡最差的行业之一。 A. calculate计算；B. approach方法；C. inspect检查；D. rate评价。根据前文的“but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles”和后文的“the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance”可知，员工对酒店业的工作与生活平衡方面评价不高。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工人们报告说，处理愤怒的顾客和强制执行健康规定等新任务增加了他们的负担。A. reforming改革；B. regulating调节；C. enforcing强制执行；D. engaging从事。根据前文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1. 3m workers 2 relative to the 16. 9m employed before covid-19.”可知，疫情期间，服务业员工辞职率高，部分原因是疫情期间一些健康规定需要强制执行，这增加了他们的负担。故选C项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在餐馆和酒店工作会让人精疲力竭。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. draining使疲惫的；D. inviting吸引人的。根据后文的“service workers burn out”可知，服务工作者精疲力竭，故在餐馆和酒店工作会让人精疲力竭。故选C项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈佛商学院的阿什利 惠兰斯表示，与需要时刻保持联系的白领不同，服务工作者因不确定的日程安排和缺乏对时间的控制而精疲力竭。A. schedules日程安排；B. payments付款；C. exchanges交换；D. prospects前景。根据后文的“a lack of control over time”可知，服务工作者缺乏对时间的控制，这就意味着他们不确定的日程安排。故选A项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：维则人力资源分析公司的伊恩 库克表示，停工期间的休假让员工有机会反思他们与“脆弱而低薪的工作”之间的关系。A. inquire into调查；B. reflect on反思；C. account for说明；D. answer for（对问题）负有很大责任。根据后文的“their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.””可知，员工对他们与工作的关系进行反思。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：各公司纷纷做出回应。A. rushed冲向；B. failed失败；C. hesitated犹豫；D. expected预期。根据后文的“Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8.1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. ”可知，许多食品和住宿企业已经提高了工资，这是针对员工辞职这件事各公司做出的回应。故选A项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这么多还不够。A. Hence因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Similarly类似地；D. Nonetheless尽管如此。根据后文的“In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.”可知，在一项关于酒店业的民意调查中，超过一半的人表示，高工资本身不会吸引他们回去，故可知各公司涨工资的行为是不够的，不足以吸引人们回去。故选D项。
54．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这反过来又产生了更多的离去，以此类推。A. in return作为回报；B. in a row成一行；C. in turn反过来；D. in advance提前。根据前文的“As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress.”可知，随着一些员工离职，那些留下来的人必须收拾残局，从而导致更大的压力，反过来又导致更多人离去。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：再加上人口老龄化，准备在厨房工作或打扫酒店走廊的年轻人越来越少，酒店业可能会在未来几年里与蓝领倦怠作斗争。A. Exclude不包括；B. Follow跟随；C. Concern关注；D. Add添加。根据前文的“Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce.”可知，酒店业的艰难运行，一个原因是酒店业的劳动力将永久性减少，人口老龄化也会增加人员不足的困难。故选D项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Among all the different types of journey that people undertake there are also those of a spiritual nature. Some of the trips we do in our lives are purely for pleasure, some are meant to make us stronger, sometimes we travel to explore and learn, and in all of these undertakings we grow and become wiser.
There is a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to acquire that knowledge is by traveling and experiencing. This ancient aboriginal initiation ritual involves exactly this: a long spiritual hike across the native land. Although widely known as “Walkabout,” in later years the ritual has been referred to as “temporary mobility,” because the former is often used as an insulting term in Australian culture.
A young man on Walkabout
Historically speaking, the walkabout is a ceremony of passage in which young (adolescent) Aboriginal Australians undertake a journey that will help “transform” them into adults. The journey is usually made between the ages of 10 and 16. During this journey which can last for up to six months, the individual is required to live and survive all alone in the wilderness.
This is not an easy thing to do, especially not for teenagers. That is why only those who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to proceed with the walkabout. Only the elders of the group decide whether it is time or not for the child to do it. The children are not completely unprepared for the journey. During the years before the walkabout, the elders instruct them and give them advice about the ceremony and adult life in general; they have been passed the “secrets” of the tribe, the knowledge about their world.
Aboriginal woman
Those who are initiated in the walkabout are also decorated with body paint and ornaments. Sometimes they are marked with a permanent symbol on their bodies. In some cases, a tooth is removed from the mouth, or the nose or ears of the initiated are pierced. Traditional walk about clothes include only a simple loin cloth and nothing more.
During a walkabout, a young person can sometimes travel a distance of over a 1, 000miles. In order to survive this long hike, the participant in the walkabout must be able to make their own shelter and must be capable of obtaining food and water for themselves.
That means he needs to hunt, catch fish, and also recognize and use edible and healing plants. The initiated youngster must learn to identify plants such as bush tomatoes, Illawarra plums, quandongs, lilly-pillies, Muntari berries, wattle seeds, Kakadu plums, and bunya nuts.
56．What can be referred from the first two paragraphs of the passage
A．Australians like to engage in all kinds of travel. B．People can gain knowledge through travel.
C．Travel is usually purely for pleasure. D．Walkabout is a long spiritual journey.
57．What do we know about the young Aboriginal Australians
A．All young Australians are required to live alone in the wilderness.
B．The difficulties they experienced in hiking turned them into adults.
C．Walkabout should only be done if they are mentally and physically prepared.
D．Walkabout is an unprepared test for the young Aboriginal Australians.
58．According to the passage, what skill does a person need to acquire in the walkabout
A．Identifying directions. B．Preserving physical strength.
C．Planting plants. D．Hunting and fishing.
59．Which of the following options is true about walkabout
A．Only people who have experienced torture are qualified to the walkabout.
B．Women must decorate themselves with body paint and ornaments.
C．To survive, the participants need to acquire certain survival skills.
D．Native women are not required to participate in the walkabout.
【答案】56．B 57．C 58．D 59．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在人们所从事的各种不同类型的旅行中，也有一些是精神性质的旅行。文章说明了人们可以通过旅行获得知识，以及旅行途中可以学到的技能。
56．推理判断题。根据第二段“There is a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to acquire that knowledge is by traveling and experiencing.(我们可以从周围的土地中学到很多东西，而获得这些知识的最好方式就是旅行和体验)”可推知，人们可以通过旅行获得知识。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据第四段“This is not an easy thing to do, especially not for teenagers. That is why only those who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to proceed with the walkabout.(这不是一件容易的事，尤其是对青少年来说。这就是为什么只有那些已经证明自己在精神上和身体上准备好了的人才被允许进行徒步旅行的原因)”可知，只有在精神上和身体上都有准备的情况下，年轻的澳大利亚土著才应该进行徒步旅行。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That means he needs to hunt, catch fish, and also recognize and use edible and healing plants.(这意味着他需要打猎、捕鱼，还需要识别和使用可食用和治疗的植物)”可知，一个人在徒步旅行中需要获得狩猎和钓鱼技能。故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In order to survive this long hike, the participant in the walkabout must be able to make their own shelter and must be capable of obtaining food and water for themselves.(为了在这次长途徒步旅行中幸存下来，徒步旅行的参与者必须能够自己建造住所，必须能够为自己获得食物和水)”可知，C选项“为了生存，参与者需要掌握一定的生存技能”正确。故选C。
(B)
About Mobile Phone Sterilizer:
Do you know there are more bacteria on the phone than on the toilet seat cover, toilet doorhandle, and shopping mall counters The survey shows there are 120,000 bacteria per square centimeter of the mobile phone, which can cause pneumonia, respiratory diseases, and other unknown countless types of bacteria harmful to the human body. It is obvious that the breeding of bacteria is almost inevitable if the phone is not cleaned in time with professional phone sterilization tools.
To protect your health, our company develops this multifunctional mobile phone sterilizer to reduce the bacteria of phones. The mobile phone sterilizer is a patented green item, especially suitable for iPhone & Samsung.
Characters:
Disinfection quickly: within six minutes
Disinfection completely: more than 99.9% bacteria are eliminated
Disinfection widely: by the ways of ultraviolet and ozone
Universal application: Suitable for various types and sizes of phones, and digital products,jewelry accessories, etc.
Convenient to use: the product is compact and lightweight, portable use at home, in the office and out for travel
Security: 5 voltage power supply, enhance product safety
How to use:
Connect phone sterilizer with power by USB line and charger;
Put the phone into the case, and close the lid tightly;
Turn on ON/OFF button, and the power light will work;
Turn on sterilization button, and working light will work. After six minutes, sterilization will stop automatically.
Routine Care:
Please remove the batteries when not using the product for a long time.
Do not place it directly in damp condition or in the sun.
Please put it in ventilated and dry environment.
Do not crack or extrude(挤压).
After-sales Services:
1. Service promise: six months guarantee from the original date of purchase.
2. Warranty:
Electrical fault caused by non-artificial reason
Loss of function caused by non-artificial reason
Product appearance problems after using, no warranty
Accessories and package problems after using, no warranty
Any fault caused by artificial crack or damage, no warranty
Any fault caused by artificial disassembling, no warranty
Any fault caused by using it in abnormal conditions, no warranty
60．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is a device used to ________.
A．charge your mobile phone
B．protect your mobile phone
C．remove bacteria from your mobile phone
D．repair your mobile phone
61．The following are the features of the Mobile Phone Sterilizer except that ________.
A．it is convenient to be carried
B．it needs an extra 5 voltage power supply
C．it is environmentally friendly
D．most of the bacteria can be killed by it
62．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．The toilet seat cover has more bacteria than the mobile phone.
B．You needn’t separate the batteries from the Sterilizer if it’s not used for long.
C．You don’t have to press the OFF button when sterilization is over.
D．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is only suitable for iPhone & Samsung.
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，为一款手机消毒器做广告，介绍了其特点、使用方式、日程护理、售后服务。
60．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To protect your health, our company develops this multifunctional mobile phone sterilizer to reduce the bacteria of phones. (为了保护您的健康，我们公司开发了这种多功能手机消毒器，以减少手机中的细菌。)”可知，这款手机消毒器是一种用来消除手机细菌的设备。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mobile phone sterilizer is a patented green item, especially suitable for iPhone & Samsung. (这款手机消毒器是一种获得专利的绿色产品，特别适合iPhone和三星。)”以及“Characters”下面的“Disinfection completely: more than 99.9% bacteria are eliminated (完全消毒：99.9%以上的细菌被消除)”“Convenient to use: the product is compact and lightweight, portable use at home, in the office and out for travel (使用方便：该产品小巧轻便，可在家中、办公室和外出旅行时携带使用)”“Security: 5 voltage power supply, enhance product safety (安全：5V电源，增强产品安全性)”可知，这款手机消毒器非常环保，能消除99.9%以上的细菌，小巧轻便且便于携带，5V电源，选项A、C、D均正确，它并不需要额外的5V电源，B项错误。故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据“How to use”下面的“Turn on sterilization button, and working light will work. After six minutes, sterilization will stop automatically. (打开杀菌按钮，工作灯亮起。六分钟后，灭菌将自动停止。)”可知，杀菌结束后会自动停止，不需要按关闭按钮，所以C项正确。其他三项均与文章内容不符。故选C。
(C)
It has always been assumed that noise is a problem unique to animals. But a new study by Ali Akbar has revealed that plants suffer too.
That plants can be damaged indirectly by noise pollution has never been in doubt. Since most flowering species depend upon pollinators (授粉者) and most fruit-bearing species need animals to spread around their seeds, it is obvious that if these animal partners are harmed by noise then their botanical counterparts will do badly, too. What has remained unknown is whether or not plants themselves suffer directly from noise pollution.
Scientists have previously assumed that plants may be able to sense sound waves as they are struck by them. A number of experiments have confirmed this in recent years — plants heavily exposed to ultrasound in the lab have shown a range of negative responses including the expression of stress-related genes, slowed growth and reduced development of seeds.
Yet attacking plants with ultrasound is not the same as growing them in the presence of actual traffic noise. To this end, Ali Akbar decided to set up an experiment to study precisely this questions.
Working with a team of colleagues, he grew marigolds (孔雀草) and sage (鼠尾草) in his lab that are commonly found in urban environments. The plants were divided into two groups after getting mature. One group was exposed to 73 decibels of traffic noise. The other group was left to grow in silence. After 15 days had passed, samples were taken from the youngest fully expanded leaves on every plant in the experiment and studied.
None of the plants exposed to the traffic noise did well. Analysis of their leaves revealed that all of them were suffering. The team found that a range of hormones(荷尔蒙) normally associated with healthy growth and development in plants were present at significantly reduced levels in the plants exposed to the noise. Two stress hormones, which are normally produced to prevent insect attacks and deal with salty soil or very cold temperatures, were elevated.
Ali Akbar’s findings make it clear that though plants lack ears, the noise of traffic still bothers them enough to trigger dramatic stress responses that are not much different to those that would be found in plants exposed to drought, highly concentrated salt or heavy metals in their soil.
The next question is whether all noise pollution affects all species in the same way. The natural world is by no means silent. Whether some plant species have evolved coping mechanisms, which might one day be collected and transferred into urban-living species, is a mystery worth exploring.
63．What did scientists believe in the past
A．Noise is a problem directly facing both animals and plants.
B．Plants can be affected by noise in an indirect way.
C．Animal partners can do harm to their botanical partners.
D．Sound waves can damage plants because they have senses.
64．What did Ali Akbar want to confirm in their experiment
A．Ultrasound is similar to traffic noise in that it doesn’t harm plants.
B．Plants exposed to ultrasound exhibit negative signs of growth.
C．Traffic noise causes plants to grow unhealthily and slowly.
D．Plant leaves contain hormones dealing with a harsh environment.
65．Which of the following statements is true
A．Plants growing in silence have a reduced level of hormones
B．Plants exposed to noise respond differently from those in drought.
C．Different noise pollution has the same effect on all species.
D．An increase in stress hormones in plants means they are in hardship.
66．What can we infer from the passage
A．Some plants may not necessarily be harmed by the sound in nature.
B．Some plants have surely developed a method to cope with traffic noise.
C．Unban-living species can be engineered to grow well in the natural world.
D．The silence in nature promotes the development of noise coping mechanisms.
【答案】63．B 64．C 65．D 66．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物遭受噪音影响是不容怀疑的，植物是否也遭受噪音影响呢？文章通过一个实验阐述交通噪音也影响着植物。
63．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That plants can be damaged indirectly by noise pollution has never been in doubt.(植物会间接受到噪音污染的损害，这一点从来都是毋庸置疑的)”可知，过去的科学家们相信植物可以间接地受到噪音的影响。故选B项。
64．推理判断题。根据“第六段中None of the plants exposed to the traffic noise did well. Analysis of their leaves revealed that all of them were suffering. The team found that a range of hormones (荷尔蒙) normally associated with healthy growth and development in plants were present at significantly reduced levels in the plants exposed to the noise.(暴露在交通噪音中的植物没有一株生长良好。对它们叶子的分析表明，它们都在遭受痛苦。研究小组发现，在暴露于噪音的植物中，一系列通常与植物健康生长发育相关的激素的水平显著降低)”可推知，阿里·阿克巴想在他们的实验中证实交通噪音导致植物生长不健康，生长缓慢。故选C项。
65．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Two stress hormones, which are normally produced to prevent insect attacks and deal with salty soil or very cold temperatures, were elevated.(两种应激激素升高了，这两种激素通常是为了防止昆虫袭击和应对咸土壤或非常寒冷的温度而产生的)”以及倒数第二段“Ali Akbar’s findings make it clear that though plants lack ears, the noise of traffic still bothers them enough to trigger dramatic stress responses that are not much different to those that would be found in plants exposed to drought, highly concentrated salt or heavy metals in their soil.(阿里·阿克巴尔的研究结果清楚地表明，尽管植物没有耳朵，但交通噪音仍然足以困扰它们，从而引发剧烈的应激反应，这种应激反应与植物暴露在干旱、土壤中高浓度盐或重金属中的应激反应没有太大区别)”可知，植物中应激激素的增加意味着它们处于困境中。ABC选项均与原文实意不符。故选D项。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next question is whether all noise pollution affects all species in the same way. The natural world is by no means silent. Whether some plant species have evolved coping mechanisms, which might one day be collected and transferred into urban-living species, is a mystery worth exploring.(下一个问题是，是否所有的噪音污染都以同样的方式影响所有的物种。自然界决不是安静的。一些植物物种是否进化出了应对机制，有朝一日可能会被收集并转移到城市生活物种中，这是一个值得探索的谜)”可推知，有些植物不一定会受到自然界声音的伤害。故选A项。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
The Dance of Life
Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances. 67 There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison.
Nevertheless, it is only human beings who have adapted dance to therapeutic purposes. Dance as therapy goes back a long time. Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling. 68 This was the birth of dance therapy.
69 It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions: religious ceremonies, war dances, hunting dances, rain dances, planting and harvesting dances, marriage and funeral dances. Sadly, today, many “advance” industrial societies, such as the U. S. , have lost many of the functions connected to these older dances. They have been replaced, for example, with rave dancing which, at its best, involves shaking your body at a rave or nightclub.
But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival. 70 There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being. People who may be put off by therapies based on weird philosophies will readily take to dancing every Saturday night. Dance therapy nowadays, in fact, is taken very seriously by both alternative and conventional medical practitioners. It would seem that the “dance of life” continues to move us all.
A．Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power. B．And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well. C．Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy. D．Those with medical problems can’t tell they are in therapy because they are just having fun. E．Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions. F．They dressed up as animals and jumped up and down making animal movements and noises.
【答案】67．B 68．E 69．A 70．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了舞蹈有着神奇的治愈力量，对人的情感和思想有着积极的影响，因此而诞生的舞蹈治疗法也受到越来越多的人的重视和认可。
67．根据上一句“Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances.”（在孩子们学会说话之前，他们没有看过任何人跳舞，他们通过简单的有节奏的动作或我们后来认为的简单的舞蹈来表达开心。）可知，人类天生就会跳舞；结合下一句“There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison.”（有些鸟实际上会群舞：一起盘旋、鞠躬、前进和后退。）可知，不仅人类，鸟类也会跳舞；选项B. And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well.（不仅人类会跳舞，动物和昆虫也会跳舞。）指出了不仅人类会跳舞，动物也会，承上启下，符合语意。故选B。
68．根据上一句“Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling.”（原始人最初是凭本能自己跳舞，过了一段时间后，他们发现重复的有节奏的动作能产生一种良好的感觉。）可知，人类慢慢发现舞蹈能够带给人良好的感觉，选项E. Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions.（舞蹈与这种对思想和情感的积极影响之间形成了联系。）中的“this positive effect”与上一句的“good feeling”相对应，进一步说明了舞蹈有利于帮助人类建立良好的情绪和感觉，结合下一句“This was the birth of dance therapy.”（这就是舞蹈疗法的诞生。）可知，舞蹈对人类情感的积极影响导致了舞蹈疗法的产生，该句中的“This”指代选项E的内容，语意合理，符合语境。故选E。
69．根据下一句“It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions:”（它用于各种各样的目的和不同的场合：）可知，该句中的“It”指代“舞蹈”，选项A. Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power.（舞蹈似乎一直有一种神奇的治愈力量。）中的主语“Dance”与之相对应，说明了舞蹈被用于各种目的和场合的原因，是因为它有一种神奇的治愈力量，衔接下文，语意合理。故选A。
70．根据上一句“But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival.”（但是，舞蹈作为治疗的“原始”用途最近出现了巨大的复兴。）可知，舞蹈治疗开始兴起，人们对这种方式产生了极大的兴趣，选项C. Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy.（人们对提供舞蹈治疗的课程从未有过如此浓厚的兴趣。）具体说明了人们产生兴趣的具体表现；结合下一句“There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being.”（互联网上有近200万个舞蹈治疗网站，世界各地的舞蹈治疗团体将快乐与健康和幸福结合在一起。）可知，互联网上有许多提供舞蹈治疗的课程，这应该是人们对此产生极大兴趣所导致的结果，故选项C承上启下，语意衔接合理。故选C。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Communicating science
One of the major problems for scientists lies in communicating the value of research to non-specialists that matter:policymakers and the general public. In recent years, scientific organisations have come a long way in developing ways to make science more accessible to non-specialist groups.
The development of blogs has helped substantially in bringing science closer to the public. According to Wikipedia, the ScienceBlogs network is now ranked 37th among the most authoritative blogs worldwide, with two of its sections having won weblog awards. Released from editorial restrictions, science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about. They often write about science in an accessible, lively manner, and it is this that perhaps most attracts members of the public. Ed Yong’s Not Exactly Rocket Science, for instance, is filled with the writer’s enthusiasm and down-to-earth attitude towards the subject. His chatty, youthful style appeals to a wide range of readers.
Television has also boosted the image of science. Early pioneers such as Jacques Cousteau, whose beautifully filmed documentaries opened up the oceans to millions, quickly realised the potential of TV to make science come alive for viewers. Other science disciplines have eagerly followed suit. Entertaining presenters carry out daring experiments or explore amazing scientific phenomena in order to attract attention. Celebrities such as Brian Cox, once famous for playing music in D:Ream, have also been instrumental in bringing science into popular culture. Now working in the field of physics, Brian is presenter of the BBC TV series Wonders of the Solar System. His background means that his face is not only well known to younger viewers but is also considered cool. Other organisations have been using the power of visual media through the internet. For example, SciVee offers scientists video services to create online presentations of their research.
Nevertheless, despite this progress, communication remains one of science’s biggest obstacle. Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this problem, and thought about adding communications training to the curriculum.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In recent years, scientific organisations have made progress in making science more accessible to non-specialist groups. The blogs, which are released from editorial restrictions, can bring science closer to the public. Television also plays an important role in boosting the image of science. Although there are lots of progress, communications training courses can be added to the curriculum.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍说近年来，科学组织在使非专业团体更容易获得科学方面取得了进展。这些不受编辑限制的博客可以拉近科学与公众的距离。电视在提升科学形象方面也起着重要作用。虽然已经取得了很大的进步，但可以在课程中增加沟通培训课程。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①In recent years, scientific organisations have come a long way in developing ways to make science more accessible to non-specialist groups.
②The development of blogs has helped substantially in bringing science closer to the public. Released from editorial restrictions, science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about.
③Television has also boosted the image of science.
④Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this problem, and thought about adding communications training to the curriculum.
2. 缜密构思
要点①总起介绍，要点②、③进行分说，要点④进行总结。
3. 遣词造句
In recent years, scientific organisations have made progress in making science more accessible to non-specialist groups.
The blogs, which are released from editorial restrictions, can bring science closer to the public.
Television also plays an important role in boosting the image of science.
Although there are lots of progress, communications training courses can be added to the curriculum.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The blogs, which are released from editorial restrictions, can bring science closer to the public.运用一个which引导的非限制性定语从句对第二段进行了概括。
【高分句型2】Although there are lots of progress, communications training courses can be added to the curriculum. 用although引导的让步状语从句对最后一段进行了概括，表达高级。
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
【答案】He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me.
【详解】考查时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“用水壶”是with a/the kettle，“烧了些水”是boil some water，boil用过去式，“为我”是for me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup of tea，make用过去式，用and连接两个动作。故答案为He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me.
73．父母赚钱不容易，你千万要把钱花在刀刃上。(see to)
【答案】It is not easy for parents to make money, so see to it that you spend it on the right things.
【详解】考查固定句型、动词短语、形容词、名词和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句应为固定句型It is+adj+ for sb to do sth表示“做某事对于某人来说是怎样的”，在该句型中，表示“不容易”为形容词not easy；表示“赚钱”应为动词短语make money；后接so连接的并列句，表示“一定做到，务必保证”应为固定句型see to it that…；表示“花……在某方面”应为动词短语spend sth on sth；表示“正确的事情，即刀刃”应为名词短语the right things。结合句意可知，该句应为陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故翻译为：It is not easy for parents to make money , so see to it that you spend it on the right things.
74．正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)
【答案】It is because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept that the long-deserted community shopping mall could return to the public eye.
【详解】考查强调句型。because of (因为)，implementation (贯彻)，concept (理念)，可用“It is +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”强调句型结构表达，此处被强调部分是原因状语because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept，用that；主句部分谓语用“情态动词could+动词原形”，long-deserted (落寞已久的)，shopping mall (商场)，故翻译为：It is because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept that the long-deserted community shopping mall could return to the public eye.
75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way)
【答案】The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way.
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。“植物园”可表示为the botanical garden；“工作人员”可表示为staff；“准备”可表示为prepare；“多部短剧”可表示为multiple short plays；“以更有趣、更多元的方式”可表示为in a more interesting and diverse way；“带领……走进……”可表示为lead...into...；“……的世界”可表示为the world of。根据句意，工作人员准备短剧是为了带领小朋友们走进植物的世界，所以这里应用不定式。故本句可翻译为：The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
春季高考考试过后，学校准备利用半天时间开展课余活动。目前有两个备选方案：（1）开展体育、艺术方面的活动 （2）去重点大学参观考察。
近期学校正在征询学生意见，请比较两个方案，给学校写一封信，谈谈你的看法。
信中必须包括:
1. 你建议采用的方案；
2. 你如此建议的理由；
3. 你对于执行该方案的建议。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear School Leaders,
As the school prepares to use half a day for extracurricular activities after the midterm exams, I suggest that we choose option one, which is to carry out sports and arts-related activities.
Firstly, sports and arts activities can help students exercise, develop interests, teamwork spirit, and more. In addition, as an effective way to relieve stress and adjust learning status, the activities can help students release pressure, and devote themselves to learning and live more effectively.
Therefore, I recommend that specific implementation plans should be arranged according to the students’ ages and interests, such as basketball, soccer, dance, painting, etc., to encourage students to participate actively and experience the joy of extracurricular activities and their true benefits.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。期中考试过后，学校准备利用半天时间开展课余活动。目前有两个备选方案：（1）开展体育、艺术方面的活动 （2）去重点大学参观考察。要求考生比较两个方案，给学校写一封信，谈谈自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggest→advice
执行：carry out → perform
首先：firstly→ first of all
此外：In addition→ what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Firstly, sports and arts activities can help students exercise, develop interests, teamwork spirit, and more.
拓展句：Firstly, sports and arts activities can help students exercise, which can also develop interests, teamwork spirit, and more.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the school prepares to use half a day for extracurricular activities after the midterm exams, I suggest that we choose option one, which is to carry out sports and arts-related activities.（运用了as引导原因状语从句，以及that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I recommend that specific implementation plans should be arranged according to the students’ ages and interests, such as basketball, soccer, dance, painting, etc., to encourage students to participate actively and experience the joy of extracurricular activities and their true benefits.（运用了that引导宾语从句以）
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