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字词猜测解题技巧
根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和 文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查， 还可以针对某一句子的 准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外， 在阅读理解文章中， 总会有 一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围， 但又没有附加注释， 也需要考生猜测， 这也是对词义
猜测的一种间接考查。
1 猜词词义题： 方法： ①利用同义或近义词来猜测 ②利用反义词猜词 ③利用上下文语境猜词 ④利用定义或解释猜词 ⑤利用例证猜词 ⑥利用复叙或同等关系猜词 ⑦利用词义搭配，关联猜词 ⑧利用经验和常识猜词 ⑨根据语境转折猜词 ⑩利用构词法来猜词 陷阱： 一个单词往往不只一层含义，注意深层含义。
方法 1 词义猜测法
词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。通常包括生词释义、
熟词新义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。
A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next
day.
"This bird doesn't talk," she told the pet shop owner.
"Does he have a mirror in his cage (笼子) " the owner asked. "Parrots love mirrors."
The woman bought a mirror and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasn't talking.
The underlined word "parrot" in paragraph 1 means " " in Chinese.
A.孔雀 B.鹦鹉 C.鸽子 D. 老鹰
方法 2 短语猜测法
短语猜测是指利用上下文语境推测短语的意义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词组的理解辨别能
力。
Jim likes sugar and cakes very much. He always eats some food with sugar before going to bed.
One morning, Jim was crying in bed before he got up.
"What's the matter, dear " his mother asked in a hurry.
"I've got a toothache," said Jim.
So his mother took him to the dentist's. The dentist looked him over and pulled out his bad tooth at last.
Two days later, Jim went to school. Mrs. Hunt asked him, "What was the matter with you those days, Jim "
"I had a had toothache, madam," answered Jim.
"Oh, I'm sorry to hear that," said Mrs. Hunt. "Is it better now "
"I don't know, madam. I left it at the dentist's."
What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase "pull out"
A.切开 B.拔掉 C.缝补 D.组装
方法 3 根据近义词/反义词猜测词义法
在同一、同一段或同一篇文章中， 作者为了避免语言的单调、重复， 有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因 此， 考生只要读懂上下文， 知道其中一个单词的意思， 就能猜出另外一个单词的意思。此外， 有时作者也 会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子， 这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对 比或反义的信号词/短语常见的有: (whether) ...or, unlike, but, yet, however, while, although, instead, rather than,,
on the other hand 等
There is a supermarket next to my house. You can buy all kinds of things there. The clothes in it are expensive,
but the food is cheap...
The Chinese meaning of “cheap” is .
A.美味的 B. 昂贵的 C.难的 D.廉价的
方法 4 构词法猜词法
在阅读文章时， 总会遇上一些新词汇， 有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意， 而它们对文章的理解又有着举 足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy-unhappy, fair-unfair 等; 后缀-ment 表名词, 如 develop-development, state-statement 等; 后-er、-or 或-ist
表同源名词: 如 calculate-calculator, visit-visitor, wait-waiter, science-scientist 等，如果一来，这些问题便不难
解决了。
3D VR Glasses
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It supports many smartphone models with Android or IOS system. Put your phone into the VR glasses and enter the virtual reality world. You can enjoy the super big screen effect of 3D videos. No need to go to cinemas.
You can also play 3D games with it.
Specification (说明书)
Brand (商标) Name: Gtek
Size: 190mm X 135mm X 85mm
Weight: 500g
Lens (镜头): HD Optical Resin Augmented
Lens Diameter: 30mm
Phone Supported: Screen size from 3.5 to 6.0 inches, phone
Length: less than 160mm, width less than 85mm
The underlined word "Length" probably means in Chinese.
A.长度 B.宽度 C.厚度 D.高度
方法 5 指代猜测法
指代猜测指依据语境的逻辑关系， 判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象。 考查考生对
文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代。
When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs( 风俗). You read all these from books in the past, but now you have a chance to know them clearly. You can also make new friends from different countries. They can help you know more about their own
countries.
What does the underlined word "them" refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Friends. B. Teachers. C. Countries. D. Customs.
（2023·湖北十堰 · 统考中考真题）
I have an 11-year-old son named Peter. I knew that playing sports would be good to our son. He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical skills. We continually encouraged him to have a try,
but after a while it was clear that he didn’t like team sports, and there was nothing we could do to change it.
We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did sports. As time went by, we gradually realized that we had made the right decision. Don’t misunderstand ( 误解) me. I have nothing
against sports. Now my son isn’t interested in sports, but I’m not pushing him to do sports. Here are the reasons:
I want him to know I accept him unconditionally. I don’t even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities. Whether he succeeds or fails, he will always be my
son, and that will never change.
I want him to form his own path (道路) in life. His path doesn’t have to be the same as mine. In fact, we both have similar interests in several areas like music, computers and Star Wars, but we’re also different in many ways.
Peter needs to be free to go his own path.
I want him to know that I don’t judge (判断) my worth by his achievements. Every father will feel proud of his son if he can make great achievements. So most parents always push them so hard. Sometimes we have seen ourselves indirectly through our own sons. Their achievements remind us of our wonderful days in the past. We must make sure we don’t want to make up for (弥补) our own regrets by pushing our sons to climb higher and go
further than we did.
1 ．The advantages of doing sports don’t include .
A ．getting some exercise B ．getting some exam skills
C ．learning about teamwork D ．learning some physical skills
2 ．What was the writer’s final decision
A ．Our son must master a kind of sport.
B ．He should do the same thing as his friends.
C ．We didn’t push him to do sports he disliked.
D ．We would push him to find what he was good at.
3 ．What does the underlined word “unconditionally” mean
A ．慎重地 B ．无条件地 C ．不耐烦地 D ．犹豫地
4 ．How many reasons does the father give for not pushing his son to take part in sports
A ．Two. B ．Three. C ．Four. D ．Five.
5 ．Which sentence can best describe the father in this passage
A ．He is a wise and open-minded father.
B ．He doesn’t care about his son’s future.
C ．He is brave and knows when to give up.
D ．He is rich enough to support the whole family.
（2023·山东东营 · 统考中考真题）
When Jae came home from school, he couldn’t find his keys. “What now I can’t just sit out here,” he
thought. His parents wouldn’t be home for an hour. Just then, Ron, the man who lived next door, was coming. He
asked Ron if he could stay at his room to wait for his parents. Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf (架
子).
Ron smiled when he saw Jae looking at it. “That one was signed (签名) by the Minnesota Twins, right after
the World Series in 1987,” he said.
“Dad takes me to their games sometimes,” Jae said. “Where did you get this ”
“I was a professional umpire (裁判) for thirty years,” Ron answered.
Jae’s eyes widened. “An umpire In the 1980 Did you met ...” He began to ask Ron questions one after
another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.
When it was time for Jae to go home, he asked Ron, “Can I come again ” “Sure,” Ron said. “Wow, losing
my keys turned out okay,” Jae thought.
The next day at school, Jae searched his desk, “Oh, no. Not again!” he groaned (叹息). “Need help ” asked
Martina, a new classmate.
“Yes, I’ve lost my dinosaur book,” Jae said.
“Wow! That’s the same book that I use!” Jae exclaimed.
“Are you into dinosaur, too ” “What’s your favorite ” “...” They kept talking. After school, they went to the
park to play catch with Jae’s favorite baseball. “Martina’s pretty cool,” Jae thought.
The next morning was Saturday, Jae wanted to do some throwing practice, but he couldn’t find his baseball.
“Can we go to the park to look for my baseball ” Jae asked his mom.
At the park, they saw a homeless dog playing with something. It was Jae’s baseball. “Mom, look!” Jae said.
“Doesn’t he look like he needs a home ”
His mother smiled. “Yes, he does,” she said. “He’ll be your responsibility, though.” Jae nodded excitedly and
picked him up.
“What a week!” Jae thought to himself. “I lost my keys, my book, and my baseball, but every time I lost
something, I got a friend.”
1 ．What did Jae do in Ron’s home
A ．He watched a baseball game. B ．He learned how to play baseball.
C ．He learned a lot about past baseball players. D ．He learned how to be a professional umpire.
2 ．Why did Jae say “Can I come again”
A ．He didn’t want to stay at home.
B ．He thought he might lose his keys again.
C ．He wanted to share a dinosaur book with Ron.
D ．He liked Ron and wanted to tallk with him again.
3 ．What does the underlined word “exclaimed” mean
A ．惊呼 B ．哭喊 C ．怒吼 D ．狂叫
4 ．From the passage, we can know .
A ．Ron never met the Minnesota Twins B ．Jae was a fan of baseball
C ．Martina and Jae didn’t have the same interestsD ．Jae didn’t like dogs
5 ．What was the real reason why Jae got friends
A ．He always lost things.
B ．He was good at communicating with others.
C ．He and the people around all liked helping others.
D ．He and the people around were all good at sports.
（2023·四川雅安 · 统考中考真题）
Rosie loved bedtime. Her dad always told her stories before she fell asleep. Sometimes, he told fairy tales.
Sometimes, he told animal stories. And sometimes, he told sports stories.
Rosie couldn’t wait to hear Dad’s next story. But that night, Mom came in and said, “Dad is sick, but I can
tell you a story.” So Mom told Rosie a story.
But to Rosie, it wasn’t the same. She felt sad. She didn’t want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time with
Dad.
She thought maybe Dad missed story time, too. So Rosie got out of bed and went to Dad’s room. She knocked on his door. “Come in,” Dad said. When Rosie opened the door, Dad smiled weakly, “I’m sorry. I’m
going to miss story time tonight.”
Rosie sat on Dad’s bed. “No, you won’t. I’m going to tell you a story.” So Rosie told Dad a story about a
panda, a tiger, and a lion.
Dad loved the story and he fell asleep with a smile on his face.
1 ．When did Rosie’s dad tell her stories
A ．When she was ill. B ．After she got up.
C ．While she had dinner. D ．Before she fell asleep.
2 ．Why did Rosie feel sad that night
A ．Because her dad was ill.
B ．Because her dad fell asleep.
C ．Because her dad forgot to tell her stories.
D ．Because her dad didn’t want to tell her stories.
3 ．What is the meaning of the underlined word “miss” in Paragraph 4
A ．想念 B ．错过 C ．丢失 D ．避开
4 ．What kind of story did Rosie tell her dad that night
A ．A fairy tale. B ．An animal story. C ．A sports story. D ．A love story.
5 ．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A ．Rosie’s father felt happy. B ．Rosie’s father felt worse.
C ．Rosie’s father didn’t like the story. D ．Rosie’s father didn’t enjoy story time.
（2023·辽宁抚顺 · 统考中考真题）
Watching videos is becoming a part of our daily life. Most of us like to watch them to relax or kill the time.
Some videos are just for fun, some are news and some are short films...
Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.
Wu Yuren is a retired physics teacher. She has become known as “Grandma Wu” by making videos. She uses a humorous and easy-to-understand way to do physics experiments ( 实验) online. She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life. Wu is more than 70 years
old now but still works hard.
Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University. During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea. He often studies things like the
secrets of the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角) and whether there are sea monsters (怪物) in the sea.
These videos have been popular and thousands of people have watched and shared them. Many fans express
their thanks for the chance to learn new things and stay in touch with the world around them.
Their videos are like “classrooms without walls and universities without barriers ( 障 碍 )” . The two
gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.
1 ．In the second paragraph (段落), the two teachers share knowledge by .
A ．giving free classes B ．teaching in the countryside
C ．making short videos D ．going back to universities
2 ．The underlined phrase (画线短语) “be curious about” in Paragraph 3 means “ ”.
A ．be thankful for B ．become nervous about
C ．be busy with D ．become interested in
3 ．According to Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, their videos are about .
A ．science B ．music C ．history D ．English
4 ．We can know that the two teachers are both from the passage.
A ．over seventy B ．film directors C ．shy people D ．book lovers
5 ．The main idea of the passage is that .
A ．short videos can help people relax and kill the time
B ．how the two old people create real energy to society
C ．lots of old people enjoy the knowledge of science
D ．how physics experiments can solve daily problems
（2023·浙江衢州 · 统考中考真题）
Tom always lived for grades. He was always interested in books and ideas. Why should he care about people They only made fun of him. They were jealous (妒忌的) because he was so smart, or so he thought. It
seemed that Tom knew everything — except one thing. He didn’t know how to get along with other people.
He made his parents believe that school was a waste of time, so he began home schooling with special teachers. He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter university, and he sent letters to famous professors (教
授) to see if it was possible.
One day, the doorbell rang. When Tom opened the door, there was his idol—Professor Rosen. Tom was so excited that he could hardly speak. The two talked for a long time, exchanging ideas. The professor was surprised at what this young boy knew. “Tom, tell me about your friends. What do you do for fun ” the professor wanted to
know.
There was silence as Tom realised that he didn’t really have any friends. “Well, I don’t have time for all that.
I’m too busy with my studies,” he said.
“That’s a problem, Tom. You have to learn that the world is not just filled with ideas. It’s filled with people.
And you have to remember to be what you are … a boy. Boys need to have fun.”
The professor talked a bit more and then said, “I have to go, but I have a test for you. In this box, there are three things. I want you to learn how to use them. It is not very simple and you’ll need another person to help you. Experiment and learn how to use them, and I’ll be back in a week to see how you’re doing. Then, I’ll have another
test for you.”
The professor left and Tom opened the box. Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a glove
and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile …
1 ．What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph 2
A ．Writing letters. B ．Attending university early.
C ．Studying at home. D ．Visiting famous professors.
2 ．What do Professor Rosen’s words mean in Paragraph 5
A ．It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.
B ．It’s important for Tom to remember what he’s learnt.
C ．It’s necessary for Tom to realise what his problem is.
D ．It’s helpful for Tom to know the differences among people.
3 ．Why did Professor Rosen set the first test for Tom according to the text
A ．To improve Tom’s testing skills.
B ．To check Tom’s language level.
C ．To stop Tom from being silent.
D ．To encourage Tom to make friends.
4 ．What will Tom probably do next according to the text
A ．Work much harder on his studies.
B ．Give the box back to the professor.
C ．Go out to play baseball with someone.
D ．Ask for more information by letter.
（2023·辽宁沈阳 · 统考中考真题）
Both my wife and I are running lovers. I usually run on the track in my neighbourhood. Most people walk on the track, so I am faster than them. My speed seems amazing to the walkers and I often pass by them twenty or
more times around the track. This makes me feel proud.
One day, a short man came. He didn’t look like much of a runner. I saw him get out of the car and warm up
before running when I passed by two walkers. He started running a few metres ahead of me. He was fast but I
sped up and managed to catch up with him. I had someone to compete with. But after a lap (圈), I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing. After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease (肺病) and the
pain in my foot went away. In a very short time, he was far ahead. He was too fast for me to follow.
That day, I learnt several lessons. In life, there will always be those slower and faster. Some have natural
talent (天赋), and some have trained harder. Don’t judge (判断) the capacity of a person by how he or she looks.
The point is that we each have our own speed. When we are trying to keep up, we often end up hurting ourselves and being out of breath. Slow down or speed up, but run your race to your best. Don’t run fast when you should be running slowly. Don’t run at all when you should be walking. Don’t walk when you should be running.
1 ．What was the author’s first impression of the short man
A ．He was an amazing runner. B ．He was an experienced driver.
C ．He wasn’t good at running. D ．He was too proud of himself.
2 ．What happened to the author when he slowed down
A ．His breath became much heavier. B ．His foot didn’t hurt any more.
C ．He sounded like having an illness. D ．He started to have a pain in his foot.
3 ．What does the underlined word “capacity” probably mean
A ．age B．job C ．attitude D ．ability
4 ．Which can be the best title for the text
A ．The slower, the healthier B ．The faster, the better
C ．Keep fit through running D ．Enjoy your own speed
（2023·新疆 · 中考真题）
The first marathon (马拉松) of the modern Olympic Games took place in 1896. Now marathon is a popular sport across China. On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide, reported
China Daily.
Teenagers have also taken part in marathons actively. Xu Qian, a 15-year-old boy from Suqian, Jiangsu, loves running. He took first place in the 5-kilometer Happy Run of the Jingdong Suqian Marathon on April 2. For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run. “The 800-meter run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runner’s endurance and
psychological quality (心理素质)”, he said. When he felt tired during the race, he told himself to fight on.
As well as one’s fighting spirit, kindness from the people also plays a part in helping runners get to the finish
line. Li Zhouzi from Shanxi took part in a 3-kilometer Kid Run of the Berlin Marathon in Germany in 2019 when
she was 10. The support from the people cheering along the course ( 跑道) really encouraged her. “When things were hard, they cheered me on. The simple words ‘keep it up’ meant a lot to me and I was encouraged to keep
going to the end,” Li said.
1 ．How many runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide on April 26
A ．More than 3,000.
B ．More than 30,000.
C ．More than 300,000.
D ．More than 3,000,000.
2 ．Why did Xu Qian run 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run
A ．He wanted to help more runners.
B ．He had nothing to do but run.
C ．His father wanted him to do so.
D ．He trained in preparation for the race.
3 ．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “endurance” in Paragraph 2
A ．想象力 B ．创造力
C ．忍耐力 D ． 自控力
4 ．What encouraged Li Zhouzi to keep going to the end
A ．The people’s support.
B ．The finish line.
C ．Other runners’ help.
D ．The hard things.
5 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．The Meaning of Marathon.
B ．The History of Marathon.
C ．Runners from China.
D ．Hope for the Future.
（2023·辽宁 · 统考中考真题）
Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he
smile so brightly The king decided to find out.
The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home.
“Please, sir, can you give some food to me ” asked the king.
“Of course,” said the cobbler.
“Why are you so happy ”
“Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.”
“But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow ”
“I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”
This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled ( 困惑 的), but he wasn’t
down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.
That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling.
“How could you pay for the food today ” asked the king.
“I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler.
“But what will you do tomorrow ”
“I have faith. Everything will be fine.”
“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king.
1 ．The king was unhappy because he too much.
A ．cared for his people B ．loved his money
C ．worried about his future D ．missed his family
2 ．The king followed the cobbler home to find out .
A ．what he ate B ．why he was happy
C ．if he had bread D ．how much he made
3 ．The underlined (画线的) word “permit” means “ ”.
A ．serve B ．warn C ．allow D ．control
4 ．The cobbler got the money by when nobody repaired shoes that day.
A ．carrying sand B ．selling water
C ．repairing shoes D ．helping villagers
5 ．The passage tells us that we should .
A ．have faith B ．learn to share
C ．trust others D ．remember to relax
（2023·内蒙古包头 · 统考中考真题）
I’m about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about
the job. After enjoying the warmth of my home for the winter months, I begin to miss the challenges of life in the
bush.
In the early hours of the morning, we join our team—normally 6 to 12 men and women. Some of us will be covered in suncream and dirt. Our trucks travel deep into the woodlands. When we step out of the trucks, we’re
faced with a hillside that has just been logged (砍伐) and is covered with piles of logs (原木) and branches.
We quickly fill our bags with hundreds of tiny trees. Skilled tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, and competition fills the air. Once our bags are full, we jump from log to log. We fall many times, always
pushing ourselves to go faster.
Daily pains get to us all. We feel uncomfortable in the heat, deal with cold at night and suffer from anger. But beautiful moments are always waiting. I remember, lying in my tent one night, listening to a pack of wolves
howling in the distance. The season afterward I came across a bobcat that was sitting and calmly staring at us.
I’ve worked with a 62-year-old tree-planting legend ( 传奇人物) called Grant—believed to have planted seven million trees in 40 years. Once he got caught in a rockslide and broke his back. It took him years to recover,
but he came back stronger than ever. His passion (热爱) for the job reminds me of what I love about it.
Tree planting is a laboratory of self-growth. You master your mind and face the worst and the best in your nature. A new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience. And after sleeping in a tent all summer, you learn never to take your bed for granted. So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with
great passion.
1 ．Why does the author plant trees
A ．To be well-known. B ．To make a living.
C ．To challenge himself. D ．To learn planting skills.
2 ．Which of the following could best describe Grant
A ．Honest. B ．Quiet. C ．Humorous. D ．Strong-willed.
3 ．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean
A ．You need to be yourself. B ．You can be more careful.
C ．You should be thankful for what you own. D ．You should take your bed with you next time.
4 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Crying in the Bush B ．Planting with Passion
C ．A Lesson from Grant D ．A Mistake in the Wild
（2023·湖南张家界 · 统考中考真题）
Going green makes a big difference in our life. I’m Jessica Wong. Today I’ll tell you what my family does
every day to save the earth. It’s reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of this waste takes hundreds of years to decay. Also, it costs much money to buy new things to take the
place of the things we throw away.
In order to protect the environment and save money, my family has recycled everything. On the one hand, we collect used things every day, such as paper, bottles and boxes, and put them into different bins. Then they are sent to a recycling center. Finally, they are treated and can be used again. Recycling will help reduce a lot of waste. On the other hand, we use old clothes to make different kinds of bags. I especially like to use old jeans to make bags. These cute and useful bags are popular with young people. As a result, I open a small shop and set up
a website to sell them online.
What’s more, my parents and my brother often go to work by bike. If it rains, they’ll take the bus. We’re also going to grow our own vegetables, raise cows, keep hens and ducks. Soon, we’ll be able to have eggs and milk for
meals.
What a difference we make for our earth!
1 ．How much rubbish does a common family produce
A ．Two hundred kilos. B ．One ton. C ．Over one ton.
2 ．The underlined word “decay” in the passage means in Chinese.
A ．腐烂 B ．浪费 C ．运送
3 ．What are the bags made of in Jessica’s shops
A ．Paper. B ．Old clothes. C ．Boxes.
4 ．How does Jessica’s brother often go to work
A ．By bike. B ．By car. C ．By bus.
5 ．According to this passage, what do we know
A ．Going green makes little difference in our life.
B ．Jessica’s bags are popular with all people.
C ．We can do small things to help save our earth.
（2023·湖南株洲 · 统考中考真题）
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring down our backs and faces. We
stood still without making any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
It was something most junior high schools give to new Junior One students-military (军事的) training. We spent four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was strict and
difficult, our humorous young sergeant (教官) was a real pleasure of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows
singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that sunlight
and sweat were not the only things that military training offered.
After this journey, we were stronger than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had expected. Students who looked pale rested for a little while, then right away came back to the team. Students who were late
rushed to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat poured down our faces, but we didn’t care about it at all.
Military training taught us to be brave and strong and never to give up. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be seen on our faces. We shouted so loud that our voices could be heard across the sky. With
eyes like burning fire, we walked into the future. Now the sun is smiling at all of us.
1 ．Although all of the students were , everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
A ．noisy B ．tired C ．sleepy
2 ．How long did the military training last
A ．3 days. B ．4 days. C ．5 days.
3 ．What didn’t the students do during the training according to the passage
A ．They sang songs. B ．They listened to stories. C ．They watched movies.
4 ．What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Being late. B ．Running. C ．Sweat pouring.
5 ．What can be the best title of the passage
A ．Our Military Training B ．A Humorous Sergeant C ．Junior One School Life字词猜测解题技巧
根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和 文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查， 还可以针对某一句子的 准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外， 在阅读理解文章中， 总会有 一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围， 但又没有附加注释， 也需要考生猜测， 这也是对词义
猜测的一种间接考查。
1 猜词词义题： 方法： ①利用同义或近义词来猜测 ②利用反义词猜词 ③利用上下文语境猜词 ④利用定义或解释猜词 ⑤利用例证猜词 ⑥利用复叙或同等关系猜词 ⑦利用词义搭配，关联猜词 ⑧利用经验和常识猜词 ⑨根据语境转折猜词 ⑩利用构词法来猜词 陷阱： 一个单词往往不只一层含义，注意深层含义。
方法 1 词义猜测法
词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。通常包括生词释义、
熟词新义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。
A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next
day.
"This bird doesn't talk," she told the pet shop owner.
"Does he have a mirror in his cage (笼子) " the owner asked. "Parrots love mirrors."
The woman bought a mirror and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasn't talking.
The underlined word "parrot" in paragraph 1 means " " in Chinese.
A.孔雀 B.鹦鹉 C.鸽子 D. 老鹰
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：一位女士从宠物店买了一只......。判断 parrot 的含义且原句没有太多
线索，需继续在下文中找线索。
Step2：定位分析线索句："This bird doesn't talk," she told the pet shop owner.（ “这只鸟不会说话” ，她告诉宠
物店老板。）
Step3：定位答案：结合选项及常识可知，选项中“鹦鹉”可以学会说话，划线词应意为“鹦鹉” ，确定答案为
B。
方法 2 短语猜测法
短语猜测是指利用上下文语境推测短语的意义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词组的理解辨别能
力。
Jim likes sugar and cakes very much. He always eats some food with sugar before going to bed.
One morning, Jim was crying in bed before he got up.
"What's the matter, dear " his mother asked in a hurry.
"I've got a toothache," said Jim.
So his mother took him to the dentist's. The dentist looked him over and pulled out his bad tooth at last.
Two days later, Jim went to school. Mrs. Hunt asked him, "What was the matter with you those days, Jim "
"I had a had toothache, madam," answered Jim.
"Oh, I'm sorry to hear that," said Mrs. Hunt. "Is it better now "
"I don't know, madam. I left it at the dentist's."
What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase "pull out"
A.切开 B.拔掉 C.缝补 D.组装
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：牙医给他做了检查，最后......他的坏牙；
Step2： 定位分析线索句： The dentist looked him over(检查) and pulled out his bad tooth at last. 以及最后一
句 I left it at the dentist's. （我把它留在了牙医店，此处的 it 指代坏的牙齿）；
Step3：定位答案：分析可知，牙医检查了他的牙齿，并最后拔掉了坏牙，确定答案为 B。
方法 3 根据近义词/反义词猜测词义法
在同一、同一段或同一篇文章中， 作者为了避免语言的单调、重复， 有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因 此， 考生只要读懂上下文， 知道其中一个单词的意思， 就能猜出另外一个单词的意思。此外， 有时作者也 会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子， 这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对 比或反义的信号词/短语常见的有: (whether) ...or, unlike, but, yet, however, while, although, instead, rather than,,
on the other hand 等
There is a supermarket next to my house. You can buy all kinds of things there. The clothes in it are expensive,
but the food is cheap...
The Chinese meaning of “cheap” is .
A.美味的 B. 昂贵的 C.难的 D.廉价的
Step1：理解词汇所在句子：里面的衣服很昂贵，但是食物是 。
Step2：分析句子：:expensive 是我们学过的一个单词，意为“ 昂贵的”。前半句意为“里面的衣服很贵”。利
用 but 的转折意义和 expensive 的含义可猜出 cheap 表示“廉价的” ，应选 D 项
Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为 D。
方法 4 构词法猜词法
在阅读文章时， 总会遇上一些新词汇， 有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意， 而它们对文章的理解又有着举 足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy-unhappy, fair-unfair 等; 后缀-ment 表名词, 如 develop-development, state-statement 等; 后-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词: 如 calculate-calculator, visit-visitor, wait-waiter, science-scientist 等，如果一来，这些问题便不难
解决了。
3D VR Glasses
This is a new arrival 3D VR Shinecon Helmet virtual(虚拟的) reality glasses.
It supports many smartphone models with Android or IOS system. Put your phone into the VR glasses and enter the virtual reality world. You can enjoy the super big screen effect of 3D videos. No need to go to cinemas.
You can also play 3D games with it.
Specification (说明书)
Brand (商标) Name: Gtek
Size: 190mm X 135mm X 85mm
Weight: 500g
Lens (镜头): HD Optical Resin Augmented
Lens Diameter: 30mm
Phone Supported: Screen size from 3.5 to 6.0 inches, phone
Length: less than 160mm, width less than 85mm
The underlined word "Length" probably means in Chinese.
A.长度 B.宽度 C.厚度 D.高度
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句子： less than 160mm, width less than 85mm(小于 160mm，宽度小于 85mm)
Step2：定位分析线索句： width 意为“ 宽度” ，th 是名词后缀 less than 85mm（宽度小于 85 毫米）；length
是 long(意为“长的”)的名词形式，意为“长度” ，根据构词法演变而来。
Step3：定位答案：分析选项 A.长度 length；B.宽度 width；C.厚度 thickness；D.高度 height。确定答案为
A。
方法 5 指代猜测法
指代猜测指依据语境的逻辑关系， 判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象。 考查考生对
文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代。
When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs( 风俗). You read all these from books in the past, but now you have a chance to know them clearly. You can also make new friends from different countries. They can help you know more about their own
countries.
What does the underlined word "them" refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Friends. B. Teachers. C. Countries. D. Customs.
Step1：分析理解题干及选项：结合题干可知本题考查点为指代猜测，选项含义 A.朋友 B. 老师 C. 国家
D. 习俗
Step2： 定位分析线索句：根据第一句"When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs (风俗)."当你去其他国家旅行时，你可以吃到不同的新食 物， 了解更多关于不同习俗的事情， 由此可知下一句所说的在书中了解的是关于习俗的事情， 有机会清晰
地了解他们也是指的风俗。
Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为 D。
（2023·湖北十堰 · 统考中考真题）
I have an 11-year-old son named Peter. I knew that playing sports would be good to our son. He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical skills. We continually encouraged him to have a try,
but after a while it was clear that he didn’t like team sports, and there was nothing we could do to change it.
We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did sports. As time went by, we gradually realized that we had made the right decision. Don’t misunderstand ( 误解) me. I have nothing
against sports. Now my son isn’t interested in sports, but I’m not pushing him to do sports. Here are the reasons:
I want him to know I accept him unconditionally. I don’t even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities. Whether he succeeds or fails, he will always be my
son, and that will never change.
I want him to form his own path (道路) in life. His path doesn’t have to be the same as mine. In fact, we both have similar interests in several areas like music, computers and Star Wars, but we’re also different in many ways.
Peter needs to be free to go his own path.
I want him to know that I don’t judge (判断) my worth by his achievements. Every father will feel proud of his son if he can make great achievements. So most parents always push them so hard. Sometimes we have seen ourselves indirectly through our own sons. Their achievements remind us of our wonderful days in the past. We must make sure we don’t want to make up for (弥补) our own regrets by pushing our sons to climb higher and go
further than we did.
1 ．The advantages of doing sports don’t include .
A ．getting some exercise B ．getting some exam skills
C ．learning about teamwork D ．learning some physical skills
2 ．What was the writer’s final decision
A ．Our son must master a kind of sport.
B ．He should do the same thing as his friends.
C ．We didn’t push him to do sports he disliked.
D ．We would push him to find what he was good at.
3 ．What does the underlined word “unconditionally” mean
A ．慎重地 B ．无条件地 C ．不耐烦地 D ．犹豫地
4 ．How many reasons does the father give for not pushing his son to take part in sports
A ．Two. B ．Three. C ．Four. D ．Five.
5 ．Which sentence can best describe the father in this passage
A ．He is a wise and open-minded father.
B ．He doesn’t care about his son’s future.
C ．He is brave and knows when to give up.
D ．He is rich enough to support the whole family.
【答案】 1 ．B 2 ．C 3 ．B 4 ．B 5 ．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者起初想培养儿子喜欢做运动， 后来发现儿子对做运动根本不感兴趣， 作者就
放弃了。后来发现，作者做的决定是正确的，作者举例了几点原因。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical skills.”可知，
做运动的好处包括得到一些锻炼，学习团队合作，学习一些身体技能，故选 B。
2 ．细节理解题。根据“We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did
sports.”可知，最后作者决定不强迫他参加体育活动，故选 C。
3 ．词义猜测题。根据“ I don’t even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities.”可知，不希望彼得觉得，只有当他表现出某种行为方式或参加某些活动时，作
者才会爱他，而是要让儿子认为，父母是无条件接受他的，所以划线部分表示“无条件地” ，故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Here are the reasons:” 、“I want him to know I accept him unconditionally.”、“I want him to form his own path ( 道 路 ) in life.” 及 “I want him to know that I don’t judge ( 判 断 ) my worth by his
achievements.”可知，作者共列举了三点原因，故选 B。
5 ．推理判断题。根据第一和第二段可知，作者刚开始想培养儿子喜欢做运动，后来发现儿子真的对它不 感兴趣， 作者并没有因为其他小朋友做运动而勉强儿子去做不喜欢的事情， 从这些事情可以看出作者是一
个明智而豁达的父亲，故选 A。
（2023·山东东营 · 统考中考真题）
When Jae came home from school, he couldn’t find his keys. “What now I can’t just sit out here,” he thought. His parents wouldn’t be home for an hour. Just then, Ron, the man who lived next door, was coming. He asked Ron if he could stay at his room to wait for his parents. Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf (架
子).
Ron smiled when he saw Jae looking at it. “That one was signed (签名) by the Minnesota Twins, right after
the World Series in 1987,” he said.
“Dad takes me to their games sometimes,” Jae said. “Where did you get this ”
“I was a professional umpire (裁判) for thirty years,” Ron answered.
Jae’s eyes widened. “An umpire In the 1980 Did you met ...” He began to ask Ron questions one after
another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.
When it was time for Jae to go home, he asked Ron, “Can I come again ” “Sure,” Ron said. “Wow, losing
my keys turned out okay,” Jae thought.
The next day at school, Jae searched his desk, “Oh, no. Not again!” he groaned (叹息). “Need help ” asked
Martina, a new classmate.
“Yes, I’ve lost my dinosaur book,” Jae said.
“Wow! That’s the same book that I use!” Jae exclaimed.
“Are you into dinosaur, too ” “What’s your favorite ” “...” They kept talking. After school, they went to the
park to play catch with Jae’s favorite baseball. “Martina’s pretty cool,” Jae thought.
The next morning was Saturday, Jae wanted to do some throwing practice, but he couldn’t find his baseball.
“Can we go to the park to look for my baseball ” Jae asked his mom.
At the park, they saw a homeless dog playing with something. It was Jae’s baseball. “Mom, look!” Jae said.
“Doesn’t he look like he needs a home ”
His mother smiled. “Yes, he does,” she said. “He’ll be your responsibility, though.” Jae nodded excitedly and
picked him up.
“What a week!” Jae thought to himself. “I lost my keys, my book, and my baseball, but every time I lost
something, I got a friend.”
1 ．What did Jae do in Ron’s home
A ．He watched a baseball game. B ．He learned how to play baseball.
C ．He learned a lot about past baseball players. D ．He learned how to be a professional umpire.
2 ．Why did Jae say “Can I come again”
A ．He didn’t want to stay at home.
B ．He thought he might lose his keys again.
C ．He wanted to share a dinosaur book with Ron.
D ．He liked Ron and wanted to tallk with him again.
3 ．What does the underlined word “exclaimed” mean
A ．惊呼 B ．哭喊 C ．怒吼 D ．狂叫
4 ．From the passage, we can know .
A ．Ron never met the Minnesota Twins B ．Jae was a fan of baseball
C ．Martina and Jae didn’t have the same interestsD ．Jae didn’t like dogs
5 ．What was the real reason why Jae got friends
A ．He always lost things.
B ．He was good at communicating with others.
C ．He and the people around all liked helping others.
D ．He and the people around were all good at sports.
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．D 3 ．A 4 ．B 5 ．C
【导语】本文主要讲 Jae 每次丢东西都能遇到一个朋友，这是因为他和周围的人都喜欢帮助别人。
1．细节理解题。根据“Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf.”及“He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”可知 Jae 在 Ron 家里了解到很多关于过去的棒球运动员的事情。
故选 C。
2．推理判断题。根据“He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”及
Jae 和 Ron 的相谈甚欢可推出问能否再来是因为他喜欢 Ron，想要多和他谈谈。故选 D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“Wow! That’s the same book that I use!”可知两人用了相同的书， Jae 很惊讶， exclaimed
意为“惊呼” 。故选 A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf.”及“He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”可知一到 Ron 家里就被棒球架吸引并和 Ron 谈论棒球选手的事 情，再由“Can we go to the park to look for my baseball ”可自己也打棒球，由此推出 Jae 是一个棒球迷。故
选 B。
5 ．推理判断题。根据“I lost my keys, my book, and my baseball, but every time I lost something, I got a friend.” 可知每次丢了东西都会交到朋友， 结合文章内容可知有时候是别人帮助了 Jae，而有时候是 Jae 帮助了别人，
由此推出他交到朋友是因为他和周围的人都喜欢帮助别人。故选 C。
（2023·四川雅安 · 统考中考真题）
Rosie loved bedtime. Her dad always told her stories before she fell asleep. Sometimes, he told fairy tales.
Sometimes, he told animal stories. And sometimes, he told sports stories.
Rosie couldn’t wait to hear Dad’s next story. But that night, Mom came in and said, “Dad is sick, but I can
tell you a story.” So Mom told Rosie a story.
But to Rosie, it wasn’t the same. She felt sad. She didn’t want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time with
Dad.
She thought maybe Dad missed story time, too. So Rosie got out of bed and went to Dad’s room. She knocked on his door. “Come in,” Dad said. When Rosie opened the door, Dad smiled weakly, “I’m sorry. I’m
going to miss story time tonight.”
Rosie sat on Dad’s bed. “No, you won’t. I’m going to tell you a story.” So Rosie told Dad a story about a
panda, a tiger, and a lion.
Dad loved the story and he fell asleep with a smile on his face.
1 ．When did Rosie’s dad tell her stories
A ．When she was ill. B ．After she got up.
C ．While she had dinner. D ．Before she fell asleep.
2 ．Why did Rosie feel sad that night
A ．Because her dad was ill.
B ．Because her dad fell asleep.
C ．Because her dad forgot to tell her stories.
D ．Because her dad didn’t want to tell her stories.
3 ．What is the meaning of the underlined word “miss” in Paragraph 4
A ．想念 B ．错过 C ．丢失 D ．避开
4 ．What kind of story did Rosie tell her dad that night
A ．A fairy tale. B ．An animal story. C ．A sports story. D ．A love story.
5 ．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A ．Rosie’s father felt happy. B ．Rosie’s father felt worse.
C ．Rosie’s father didn’t like the story. D ．Rosie’s father didn’t enjoy story time.
【答案】 1 ．D 2 ．A 3 ．B 4 ．B 5 ．A
【导语】本文主要讲罗西很喜欢听她爸爸讲睡前故事， 有一天， 她爸爸生病了， 她在爸爸床上为爸爸讲故
事。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“Her dad always told her stories before she fell asleep.”可知，她爸爸总是在她入睡前给
她讲故事。故选 D。
2 ．细节理解题。根据“She felt sad. She didn’t want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time with Dad.”可知，
她感到悲伤。她不想让爸爸生病，她错过了和爸爸一起讲故事的时间。故选 A。
3 ．词句猜测题。根据“I’m sorry. I’m going to miss story time tonight.”可知，爸爸生病了不能给罗西讲故事，
所以错过了故事时间，故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“So Rosie told Dad a story about a panda, a tiger, and a lion.”可知， 所以罗西给爸爸讲了
一个关于熊猫、老虎和狮子的故事。故选 B。
5 ．细节理解题。根据“Dad loved the story and he fell asleep with a smile on his face.”可知，爸爸很喜欢这个
故事，他面带微笑睡着了。故选 A。
（2023·辽宁抚顺 · 统考中考真题）
Watching videos is becoming a part of our daily life. Most of us like to watch them to relax or kill the time.
Some videos are just for fun, some are news and some are short films...
Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge. Wu Yuren is a retired physics teacher. She has become known as “Grandma Wu” by making videos. She
uses a humorous and easy-to-understand way to do physics experiments ( 实验) online. She is good at using
everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life. Wu is more than 70 years
old now but still works hard.
Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University. During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea. He often studies things like the
secrets of the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角) and whether there are sea monsters (怪物) in the sea.
These videos have been popular and thousands of people have watched and shared them. Many fans express
their thanks for the chance to learn new things and stay in touch with the world around them.
Their videos are like “classrooms without walls and universities without barriers ( 障 碍 )” . The two
gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.
1 ．In the second paragraph (段落), the two teachers share knowledge by .
A ．giving free classes B ．teaching in the countryside
C ．making short videos D ．going back to universities
2 ．The underlined phrase (画线短语) “be curious about” in Paragraph 3 means “ ”.
A ．be thankful for B ．become nervous about
C ．be busy with D ．become interested in
3 ．According to Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, their videos are about .
A ．science B ．music C ．history D ．English
4 ．We can know that the two teachers are both from the passage.
A ．over seventy B ．film directors C ．shy people D ．book lovers
5 ．The main idea of the passage is that .
A ．short videos can help people relax and kill the time
B ．how the two old people create real energy to society
C ．lots of old people enjoy the knowledge of science
D ．how physics experiments can solve daily problems
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．D 3 ．A 4 ．A 5 ．B
【导语】本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识。
1．细节理解题。根据“Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to
share knowledge.”可知，两位退休教师以制作短视频而闻名，来分享知识。故选 C。
2 ．词句猜测题。分析“She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants
young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science
hidden in our life.”可知，她善于用日常的工具去体验科学的神奇世界，通过这种方式，年轻人喜欢发现隐
藏在我们生活中的科学知识。由此推知，是想让年轻人对日常生活感兴趣，故选 D。
3 ．细节理解题。根据“In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life.” 和“During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea.”可知， 二人分享的视频都
是关于科学方面的，故选 A。
461．细节理解题。根据“Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.”和“Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old
marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University.”可知，二人都超过 70 岁，故选 A。
5 ．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识， 结合“The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.”可知，这两位白发苍苍的老人通过自己的行动
为社会创造了实实在在的能量。故选 B
（2023·浙江衢州 · 统考中考真题）
Tom always lived for grades. He was always interested in books and ideas. Why should he care about people They only made fun of him. They were jealous (妒忌的) because he was so smart, or so he thought. It
seemed that Tom knew everything — except one thing. He didn’t know how to get along with other people.
He made his parents believe that school was a waste of time, so he began home schooling with special teachers. He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter university, and he sent letters to famous professors (教
授) to see if it was possible.
One day, the doorbell rang. When Tom opened the door, there was his idol—Professor Rosen. Tom was so excited that he could hardly speak. The two talked for a long time, exchanging ideas. The professor was surprised at what this young boy knew. “Tom, tell me about your friends. What do you do for fun ” the professor wanted to
know.
There was silence as Tom realised that he didn’t really have any friends. “Well, I don’t have time for all that.
I’m too busy with my studies,” he said.
“That’s a problem, Tom. You have to learn that the world is not just filled with ideas. It’s filled with people.
And you have to remember to be what you are … a boy. Boys need to have fun.”
The professor talked a bit more and then said, “I have to go, but I have a test for you. In this box, there are three things. I want you to learn how to use them. It is not very simple and you’ll need another person to help you. Experiment and learn how to use them, and I’ll be back in a week to see how you’re doing. Then, I’ll have another
test for you.”
The professor left and Tom opened the box. Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a glove
and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile …
1 ．What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph 2
A ．Writing letters. B ．Attending university early.
C ．Studying at home. D ．Visiting famous professors.
2 ．What do Professor Rosen’s words mean in Paragraph 5
A ．It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.
B ．It’s important for Tom to remember what he’s learnt.
C ．It’s necessary for Tom to realise what his problem is.
D ．It’s helpful for Tom to know the differences among people.
3 ．Why did Professor Rosen set the first test for Tom according to the text
A ．To improve Tom’s testing skills.
B ．To check Tom’s language level.
C ．To stop Tom from being silent.
D ．To encourage Tom to make friends.
4 ．What will Tom probably do next according to the text
A ．Work much harder on his studies.
B ．Give the box back to the professor.
C ．Go out to play baseball with someone.
D ．Ask for more information by letter.
【答案】 1 ．B 2 ．D 3 ．D 4 ．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位聪明的男孩一心扑在学习上， 他不擅长交朋友。有一天他的偶像 Rosen 教授 来跟他聊天， 感叹于他的才华同时也发现了他的缺点， 于是这位教授通过一个测试来让 Tom 学习如何和其
他人交朋友。
1 ．词义猜测题。根据“He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter university, and he sent letters to famous professors (教授) to see if it was possible.”可知， 他梦想成为最年轻的上大学的人， 他写信给著名的教授， 看
看这是否可能，所以 it 是指代“尽早进入大学” ，故选 B。
2 ．推理判断题。根据“It’s filled with people. And you have to remember to be what you are … a boy. Boys need to have fun”可知，教授意识到 Tom 没有朋友，所以让 Tom 明白这个世界不只是充满了想法，还有人，了
解人与人之间的差异是有帮助的，故选 D。
3 ．推理判断题。根据“It is not very simple and you’ll need another person to help you”可知，这个测试需要另
一个人来帮助 Tom，由此可知，教授这样做的目的是为了鼓励 Tom 交朋友，故选 D。
4 ．推理判断题。根据“Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a glove and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile”可知，盒子里装了两只棒球手套和一个球，也就是让 Tom 去跟
其他人一起打棒球，所以接下来 Tom 会出去跟别人一起打棒球，故选 C。
（2023·辽宁沈阳 · 统考中考真题）
Both my wife and I are running lovers. I usually run on the track in my neighbourhood. Most people walk on the track, so I am faster than them. My speed seems amazing to the walkers and I often pass by them twenty or
more times around the track. This makes me feel proud.
One day, a short man came. He didn’t look like much of a runner. I saw him get out of the car and warm up before running when I passed by two walkers. He started running a few metres ahead of me. He was fast but I sped up and managed to catch up with him. I had someone to compete with. But after a lap (圈), I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing. After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease (肺病) and the
pain in my foot went away. In a very short time, he was far ahead. He was too fast for me to follow.
That day, I learnt several lessons. In life, there will always be those slower and faster. Some have natural
talent (天赋), and some have trained harder. Don’t judge (判断) the capacity of a person by how he or she looks.
The point is that we each have our own speed. When we are trying to keep up, we often end up hurting ourselves and being out of breath. Slow down or speed up, but run your race to your best. Don’t run fast when you should be running slowly. Don’t run at all when you should be walking. Don’t walk when you should be running.
1 ．What was the author’s first impression of the short man
A ．He was an amazing runner. B ．He was an experienced driver.
C ．He wasn’t good at running. D ．He was too proud of himself.
2 ．What happened to the author when he slowed down
A ．His breath became much heavier. B ．His foot didn’t hurt any more.
C ．He sounded like having an illness. D ．He started to have a pain in his foot.
3 ．What does the underlined word “capacity” probably mean
A ．age B．job C ．attitude D ．ability
4 ．Which can be the best title for the text
A ．The slower, the healthier B ．The faster, the better
C ．Keep fit through running D ．Enjoy your own speed
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．B 3 ．D 4 ．D
【导语】本文通过作者跑步时的亲身经历告诉我们：我们每个人都有自己的速度。当你应该慢速跑的时候，
不要跑得快。当你应该走的时候，不要跑。该跑的时候不要走。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“One day, a short man came. He didn’t look like much of a runner.”可知作者对这个矮个
子男人的第一印象是他不善于跑步。故选 C。
2 ．细节理解题。根据“After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease and the pain in my foot went
away.”可知放慢速度以后作者的脚不再疼了。故选 B。
3．词义猜测题。根据“In life, there will always be those slower and faster. Some have natural talent, and some have trained harder. Don’t judge the capacity of a person by how he or she looks.”可知生活中人们有快有慢，有的有
天赋而有的训练更努力，不要以长相来判断一个人的能力， capacity 与 ability 意思相近。故选 D。
4 ．标题归纳题。本文通过作者跑步时的亲身经历告诉我们：我们每个人都有自己的速度。当你应该慢速 跑的时候， 不要跑得快。当你应该走的时候，不要跑。该跑的时候不要走。用“Enjoy your own speed”做标
题最合适。故选 D。
（2023·新疆 · 中考真题）
The first marathon (马拉松) of the modern Olympic Games took place in 1896. Now marathon is a popular sport across China. On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide, reported
China Daily.
Teenagers have also taken part in marathons actively. Xu Qian, a 15-year-old boy from Suqian, Jiangsu, loves running. He took first place in the 5-kilometer Happy Run of the Jingdong Suqian Marathon on April 2. For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run. “The 800-meter run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runner’s endurance and
psychological quality (心理素质)”, he said. When he felt tired during the race, he told himself to fight on.
As well as one’s fighting spirit, kindness from the people also plays a part in helping runners get to the finish line. Li Zhouzi from Shanxi took part in a 3-kilometer Kid Run of the Berlin Marathon in Germany in 2019 when she was 10. The support from the people cheering along the course (跑道) really encouraged her. “When things
were hard, they cheered me on. The simple words ‘keep it up’ meant a lot to me and I was encouraged to keep
going to the end,” Li said.
1 ．How many runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide on April 26
A ．More than 3,000.
B ．More than 30,000.
C ．More than 300,000.
D ．More than 3,000,000.
2 ．Why did Xu Qian run 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run
A ．He wanted to help more runners.
B ．He had nothing to do but run.
C ．His father wanted him to do so.
D ．He trained in preparation for the race.
3 ．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “endurance” in Paragraph 2
A ．想象力 B ．创造力
C ．忍耐力 D ． 自控力
4 ．What encouraged Li Zhouzi to keep going to the end
A ．The people’s support.
B ．The finish line.
C ．Other runners’ help.
D ．The hard things.
5 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．The Meaning of Marathon.
B ．The History of Marathon.
C ．Runners from China.
D ．Hope for the Future.
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．D 3 ．C 4 ．A 5 ．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国马拉松比赛的兴起以及参与者的经历。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide,
reported China Daily.”可知， 4 月 26 日，全国共有超过 30 万名选手参加了 26 场马拉松比赛。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometers
each week ahead of the run.”可知，他为准备比赛而训练。故选 D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“The 800-meter run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runner’s endurance
and psychological quality”可知，学校里的 800 米跑更多的是速度，而马拉松则考验跑步者的耐力和心理素
质。因此“endurance”表示“ 忍耐力” 。故选 C。
4．细节理解题。根据“The support from the people cheering along the course (跑道) really encouraged her.”可知，
来自人们的支持鼓励李周子坚持到了最后。故选 A。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国马拉松比赛的兴起以及参与者的经历。选项 A“马拉松的意义。 ”适合
作为本文的标题。故选 A。
（2023·辽宁 · 统考中考真题）
Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he
smile so brightly The king decided to find out.
The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home.
“Please, sir, can you give some food to me ” asked the king.
“Of course,” said the cobbler.
“Why are you so happy ”
“Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.”
“But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow ”
“I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”
This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled ( 困惑 的), but he wasn’t
down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.
That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling.
“How could you pay for the food today ” asked the king.
“I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler.
“But what will you do tomorrow ”
“I have faith. Everything will be fine.”
“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king.
1 ．The king was unhappy because he too much.
A ．cared for his people B ．loved his money
C ．worried about his future D ．missed his family
2 ．The king followed the cobbler home to find out .
A ．what he ate B ．why he was happy
C ．if he had bread D ．how much he made
3 ．The underlined (画线的) word “permit” means “ ”.
A ．serve B ．warn C ．allow D ．control
4 ．The cobbler got the money by when nobody repaired shoes that day.
A ．carrying sand B ．selling water
C ．repairing shoes D ．helping villagers
5 ．The passage tells us that we should .
A ．have faith B ．learn to share
C ．trust others D ．remember to relax
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．B 3 ．C 4 ．D 5 ．A
【导语】本文通过国王决定找出修鞋匠快乐的答案告诉我们应该对自己有信心。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the
future.”可知国王很不高兴，因为他太担心自己的未来了。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“How could he smile so brightly The king decided to find out.”可知国王跟着修鞋匠回家，
想知道他快乐的原因。故选 B。
3．词义猜测题。根据“But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money.”可知国 王想知道，如果修鞋匠赚不到足够的钱，会发生什么。所以他不允许任何人来修鞋，permit 和 allow 同义，
故选 C。
4．细节理解题。根据“When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from
them.”可知那天没人修鞋，修鞋匠通过帮助村民挣到钱。故选 D。
5 ．主旨大意题。根据“I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”以及通读全文可知，本文通过国王决定找
出修鞋匠快乐的答案告诉我们应该对自己有信心，故选 A。
（2023·内蒙古包头 · 统考中考真题）
I’m about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about the job. After enjoying the warmth of my home for the winter months, I begin to miss the challenges of life in the
bush.
In the early hours of the morning, we join our team—normally 6 to 12 men and women. Some of us will be covered in suncream and dirt. Our trucks travel deep into the woodlands. When we step out of the trucks, we’re
faced with a hillside that has just been logged (砍伐) and is covered with piles of logs (原木) and branches.
We quickly fill our bags with hundreds of tiny trees. Skilled tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a
job, and competition fills the air. Once our bags are full, we jump from log to log. We fall many times, always
pushing ourselves to go faster.
Daily pains get to us all. We feel uncomfortable in the heat, deal with cold at night and suffer from anger. But beautiful moments are always waiting. I remember, lying in my tent one night, listening to a pack of wolves
howling in the distance. The season afterward I came across a bobcat that was sitting and calmly staring at us.
I’ve worked with a 62-year-old tree-planting legend ( 传奇人物) called Grant—believed to have planted seven million trees in 40 years. Once he got caught in a rockslide and broke his back. It took him years to recover,
but he came back stronger than ever. His passion (热爱) for the job reminds me of what I love about it.
Tree planting is a laboratory of self-growth. You master your mind and face the worst and the best in your nature. A new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience. And after sleeping in a tent all summer, you learn never to take your bed for granted. So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with
great passion.
1 ．Why does the author plant trees
A ．To be well-known. B ．To make a living.
C ．To challenge himself. D ．To learn planting skills.
2 ．Which of the following could best describe Grant
A ．Honest. B ．Quiet. C ．Humorous. D ．Strong-willed.
3 ．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean
A ．You need to be yourself. B ．You can be more careful.
C ．You should be thankful for what you own. D ．You should take your bed with you next time.
4 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Crying in the Bush B ．Planting with Passion
C ．A Lesson from Grant D ．A Mistake in the Wild
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．D 3 ．C 4 ．B
【导语】本文作者以自身的经历建议读者珍惜所拥有的，并以极大的热情面对生活中的挑战。
1．细节理解题。根据“After enjoying the warmth of my home for the winter months, I begin to miss the challenges of life in the bush.” 和“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”可知，
作者植树是为了挑战自己，故选 C。
2 ．推理判断题。根据“Grant—believed to have planted seven million trees in 40 years. Once he got caught in a rockslide and broke his back. It took him years to recover, but he came back stronger than ever. His passion (热爱) for the job reminds me of what I love about it.”（据信，格兰特在 40 年里种了 700 万棵树。有一次他被困在
岩石滑坡中， 摔断了背。他花了好几年才康复， 但他回来后比以前更强壮了。他对这份工作的热情让我想
起了我喜欢这份工作的地方。）可推断出，格兰特是一个意志坚强的人，故选 D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“And after sleeping in a tent all summer, you learn never to take your bed for granted.”可知， 在帐篷里睡了一整个夏天之后， 你学会了永远不要把自己的床视为理所当然。结合“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”可知， 要珍惜你所拥有的， 并以极大的热情面对生
活中的挑战。故选 C。
4 ．最佳标题题。根据结尾部分“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”和全文可知，作者以自身的经历建议读者珍惜所拥有的，并以极大的热情面对生活中的挑战，所
以 B 选项最符合，故选 B。
（2023·湖南张家界 · 统考中考真题）
Going green makes a big difference in our life. I’m Jessica Wong. Today I’ll tell you what my family does every day to save the earth. It’s reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of this waste takes hundreds of years to decay. Also, it costs much money to buy new things to take the
place of the things we throw away.
In order to protect the environment and save money, my family has recycled everything. On the one hand, we collect used things every day, such as paper, bottles and boxes, and put them into different bins. Then they are sent to a recycling center. Finally, they are treated and can be used again. Recycling will help reduce a lot of waste. On the other hand, we use old clothes to make different kinds of bags. I especially like to use old jeans to make bags. These cute and useful bags are popular with young people. As a result, I open a small shop and set up
a website to sell them online.
What’s more, my parents and my brother often go to work by bike. If it rains, they’ll take the bus. We’re also going to grow our own vegetables, raise cows, keep hens and ducks. Soon, we’ll be able to have eggs and milk for
meals.
What a difference we make for our earth!
1 ．How much rubbish does a common family produce
A ．Two hundred kilos. B ．One ton. C ．Over one ton.
2 ．The underlined word “decay” in the passage means in Chinese.
A ．腐烂 B ．浪费 C ．运送
3 ．What are the bags made of in Jessica’s shops
A ．Paper. B ．Old clothes. C ．Boxes.
4 ．How does Jessica’s brother often go to work
A ．By bike. B ．By car. C ．By bus.
5 ．According to this passage, what do we know
A ．Going green makes little difference in our life.
B ．Jessica’s bags are popular with all people.
C ．We can do small things to help save our earth.
【答案】 1 ．C 2 ．A 3 ．B 4 ．A 5 ．C
【导语】本文主要介绍 Jessica Wong 一家为了环保所做的事。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“It’s reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year.”可知，
据报道， 一个普通家庭每年产生一吨多的垃圾。故选 C。
2．词句猜测题。分析“It’s reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of this waste takes hundreds of years to decay.”可知， 据报道， 一个普通家庭每年产生一吨多的垃圾， 其中一些
废物需要数百年时间，由此推知，应该是需要数百年时间腐烂。故选 A。
3 ．细节理解题。根据“On the other hand, we use old clothes to make different kinds of bags.”可知，用旧衣服
做不同种类的包。故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“What’s more, my parents and my brother often go to work by bike.”可知， 父母和哥哥弟
经常骑自行车去上班。故选 A。
5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知， Jessica Wong 一家做的都是保护环境的小事， 但却对地球产生很大的
影响。故选 C。
（2023·湖南株洲 · 统考中考真题）
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring down our backs and faces. We
stood still without making any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
It was something most junior high schools give to new Junior One students-military (军事的) training. We spent four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was strict and difficult, our humorous young sergeant (教官) was a real pleasure of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that sunlight
and sweat were not the only things that military training offered.
After this journey, we were stronger than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had expected. Students who looked pale rested for a little while, then right away came back to the team. Students who were late
rushed to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat poured down our faces, but we didn’t care about it at all.
Military training taught us to be brave and strong and never to give up. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be seen on our faces. We shouted so loud that our voices could be heard across the sky. With
eyes like burning fire, we walked into the future. Now the sun is smiling at all of us.
1 ．Although all of the students were , everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
A ．noisy B ．tired C ．sleepy
2 ．How long did the military training last
A ．3 days. B ．4 days. C ．5 days.
3 ．What didn’t the students do during the training according to the passage
A ．They sang songs. B ．They listened to stories. C ．They watched movies.
4 ．What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Being late. B ．Running. C ．Sweat pouring.
5 ．What can be the best title of the passage
A ．Our Military Training B ．A Humorous Sergeant C ．Junior One School Life
【答案】 1 ．B 2 ．B 3 ．C 4 ．C 5 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“We stood still without making any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as
straight as trees.”可知，我们站着不动，不出声，又热又累。但每个人都像树一样笔直地站着。故选 B。
2 ．细节理解题。根据“We spent four days in a closed environment.”可知，军训持续 4 天，故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life.”可知，我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑，坐成一排唱着不同的歌，听他讲述自己生活中
的真实故事。没有提到看电影，故选 C。
4 ．代词指代题。根据“Sweat poured down our faces, but we didn’t care about it at all.”可知，汗水从我们脸上
流下来，但我们一点也不在乎。此处 it 指的是流汗，故选 C。
5 ．最佳标题题。本文主要是介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受，故选 A。

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