资源简介

名词 n. train火车, bus公交, subway地铁, ride旅程, bike单车, minute分钟, kilometer千米, car轿车, stop车站, river河, village村庄, bridge桥, boat船, ropeway索道, year年, villager村民, dream梦想
动词 v. ride骑, drive驾驶, live生活, stop停, cross穿过, leave离开
数词 num. sixty六十, seventy七十, eighty八十, ninety九十, hundred一百
形容词 adj. new新的, many许多的, afraid害怕的, true真实的, every每一, far远的
介词 prep. by乘, between在…之间, like像
副词 adv. far远地
词组 phrases take the subway坐地铁, every day每天, by bike骑单车, think of认为, between…and…在…和…之间, come true实现
Sarah goes to school_________, _________, _________ or by _________ _________ _________(每天). The sloth made it for several _________ (分钟).
The island is _________ _________ _________ (40千米远) from us. Welcome to our _________ classmate Betty.
Her father _________ to work, that is to go to work by car. _______________________________________ Robinson在岛上生活了好些年。
Dora _________ (停下) to think how to _________ _________ _________（过河）. The _________ (村民) is _________ the werewolf _________ the witch.
I was _________ that my _________ would _________ _________. (我害怕我的梦会实现） There is a _________ across and a _________ on the river.
What do you _________ _________ taking the _________ （你觉得坐索道怎么样） Will you _________ me _________ her (你会像她一样离开我吗)
1. by表示手段或方式的用法
(1) 表示”乘”“坐”时，其后接交通工具（如 bus, bike, train, plane, car, taxi, ship等）或与交通工具密切相关的名词（如air, water, land, road等），在句中主要用作方式状语，其中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。如：
They came here by the first bus.
但是，若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语，则也可以用冠词。如：
We’re going by the 9:30 train.
We went to Shanghai by a large ship.
注意，汉语说”步行”，英语习惯上用on foot, 而不用 by foot。
(2) 表示在旁边，如： Mary sits by me.
(3) 注意以下表示方式的有用表达，其中不用冠词或其他限定词：
by phone 用电话 by telegram 用电报
by letter 用信件 by express 用快件
by air mail 用航空邮件 by ordinary mail 用平信
by post 用邮寄 by radio 用无线电
by hand 用手工 by machine 用机器
*注意下面两例用by与用with的区别：
The letter was written by hand. 这封信是用手写的（即不是打印的）。（by hand表示一种抽象的手段，是无形的，注意其中没用冠词或其他限定词）
I write with my hand, but he writes with his mouth. 我用手写字，但他却用嘴写字。（with one’s hand表示一种具体的工具，是有形的，注意其中用了物主代词）
(4) 后接v-ing表示行为的方式或手段，这是一种常用表达。如：
He makes a living by teaching. 他以教书为生。
Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left. 锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。
2. take的用法
(1) take表示乘（交通工具）
Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi
They usually take a bus to work.
(2) 常常和it连用，it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。句型：It takes (took) sb. +时间 to do sth., 译成”做…花费(时间)”
How long will it take you to do your homework every day
It took the men a week to mend our roof.
It takes me 30 minutes to go to school.
(2) take表示拿、取
Take some books to the classroom.
(3) 关于take的固定短语
take a walk散步 take a rest休息一下
take a look看一看 take away拿走
take care小心 take (good) care of (好好)照顾，照料
take one’s place坐某人的座位 take off脱下；飞机(等起飞)
e.g. Tom takes the knife away from the little boy.
I can take care of the baby all by myself.
Sorry! You have to take off your shoes before getting into the computer room.
The plane is going to take off soon.
Take your place for the next dance.
3.It is + adj. (for/ of) sb. to do sth.的用法
本句型真正的主语不是 it，而是整个动词to do不定式的部分，因此我们把 it 称为”形式主语”。用法：表示做…事情是…的。
It is + adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.
for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, dangerous, exciting, good, impossible
It’s very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours. (difficult 说明完成任务难)
It is important to keep promises. 守约很重要。
adj.修饰to do的句子可写成：To do sth. is adj. 如：
To keep promises is importance.（逻辑正确）
It is + adj. + (of sb. ) to do sth.
of sb.的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right
It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
It is kind of you to help me. (kind说明你善良)
adj.修饰sb.的句子可写成：sb. be adj. to do sh. 如：
You are kind to help me. （逻辑正确）
典例分析：语法填空、翻译句子
1. 爬这座山很危险。________________________________________________________.
2. It’s interesting __________ children to go to the amusement park.
3. It’s __________ (excite) to play on the beach in summer.
4. It’s clever __________ you to solve this problem.
Keys: 1. It’s dangerous to climb this mountain. 2. for 3. exciting 4. of
【例】单项选择
1. There is a big tree __________________ (在河边).
2. Today is Valentine’s Day. __________________ (拿一些花）to her.
3. Her mother __________________ (坐公交) to work.
4. The Great Wall was built _________ hand.
5. He makes a living __________________ (通过教书).
6. Her mother goes to work _________ bus every morning.
7. When did the plane __________________ (起飞)
8. He __________________ his glasses and looked up.
9. She came to China __________________ (坐飞机).
10. Your mum doesn’t look well. __________________ her.
11. It _________ about 15 minutes _________ (walk).
12. It _________ me an hour _________ (finish) my homework.
Keys: by the river; Take some flowers; takes a bus; by; by teaching; by; take off; took off; by air; Take care of; takes to walk; took to finish
Keys: by; rides takes; takes; far minutes; stopped rest; between; true; afraid; cross
Keys: walk; about; thinking of; rides; How far
D) 英汉对对碰（连线）：
Keys: want-wants; long-far; the-删除; to-删除; This-It

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