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高中英语（译林版）选择性必修3U4 Heritage in danger
课文总词表
序号 单词 音标 词性和词义
1 *heritage / her t d / n. 遗产
2 awe / / vt. 使惊叹，使敬畏; n. 敬畏，惊叹
3 civilization / s v la ze n/ n. 文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界
4 preserve /pr z v/ vt. 维护，保护，保存；维持
5 urgent / d nt/ adj. 紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的
6 wear down — （使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平
7 *pyramid / p r m d/ n. 金字塔
8 ruin / ru n/ vt. 破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭; n. 毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
9 incredible / n kred bl/ adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的
10 clay /kle / n. 黏土，陶土
11 sculpture / sk lpt (r)/ n. 雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术
12 missile / m sa l/ n. 导弹
13 violence / va l ns/ n. 暴力，暴行；狂热，激情
14 conflict / k nfl kt/, /k n fl kt/ n. （军事）冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致; vi. 冲突，抵触
15 civil / s vl/ adj. 国民的；国家的；民事的
16 *status / ste t s/ n. 身份，地位；状况，情形
17 wear and tear — （正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗
18 internal / n t nl/ adj. 内部的；国内的
19 outcome / a tk m/ n. 结果，效果
20 *reef /ri f/ n. 礁，礁脉
21 *coral / k r l/ n. 珊瑚; adj. 珊瑚色的
22 ecology /i k l d i/ n. 生态，生态学
23 agenda / d end / n. 计划，方案；议程表，议事日程
带*的词条为《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》规定之外的词汇
话题相关词块积累
段落 文化遗产保护相关的词块（英文） 文化遗产保护相关的词块（中文）
P1 ①natural wonders ②UNESCO heritage sites ③be in urgent need of protection ①自然奇观 ②联合国教科文组织的遗产地 ③迫切需要保护
P2 ①natural forces ②natural disasters ①自然力量 ②自然灾害
P3 ①ancient clay sculptures ①古代泥塑
P4 ①the flood of tourists ②wear and tear ③unique architecture ④irreparable destruction of the internal structure ①游客的大量涌入 ②磨损 ③独特建筑 ④内部结构的不可修复的破坏
P5 ①human population growth ②high-rise construction projects ①人口的增长 ②高层建筑项目
P6 ①disastrous outcomes ②high seawater temperatures ③global warming ④fragile natural ecology ⑤a wide diversity of ocean species ⑥boost tourism and fishing ⑦protect the coastline against waves and floods ①灾难性的后果 ②海水温度升高 ③全球变暖 ④脆弱的自然生态 ⑤多种海洋物种 ⑥促进当地的旅游业和渔业 ⑦保护海岸线免受海浪和洪水的侵袭
P7 ①tell the story of human civilization ②irreplaceable heritage ①讲述着人类文明的故事 ②无可替代的遗产
课文中的核心单词
1. preserve
【考频】20
【形近词】conserve, deserve, reserve; persevere
【衍生词】preservation
【搭配】
(1) preserve his reputation 保护他的声誉
(2) homemade fruit preserves 自制果酱
(3) become the preserve of the educated middle class
成为受过教育的中产阶级的专属领域
【外刊例句】
We need to learn the necessary lessons and do everything to preserve our soldiers’ lives.
New York Times
我们需要吸取必要的教训，做一切可能的事来保护我们士兵的生命。
2. currently
【考频】12
【形近词】presently
【衍生词】current, currency
【外刊例句】
Salmon farming or aquaculture currently bridges this gap between supply and demand, accounting for 70% of the salmon available for consumption.
Salon
养殖业或水产养殖目前弥补了供需之间的差距，占可供消费的鲑鱼总量的70%。
3. force
【考频】103
【衍生词】enforce, forceful
【搭配】
(1) air force 空军
(2) labour force 劳动力
(3) the driving force 驱动力
(4) the force of gravity 重力
(5) come into force 生效
【用法】
force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
【外刊例句】
Nearly two-thirds of taxpayers were forced to wait more than 10 minutes to speak to an adviser, a committee found.
BBC
一个委员会发现，近三分之二的纳税人被迫等待超过10分钟才能与顾问对话。
4. ruin
【考频】20
【搭配】
(1) ruin my life 毁了我的生活
(2) face financial ruin 面临财务崩溃
(3) an interesting old ruin 一座有趣的古老废墟
(4) fall into ruin 〔因无人照料而〕衰落
【外刊例句】
The farmers' union said that would lead some businesses to financial ruin and to agricultural land being abandoned.
BBC
民联合会表示，这会使一些企业面临财务破产，并导致农田被荒废。
5. conflict
【考频】47
【搭配】
a state of inner conflict 内心的矛盾状态
【用法】
(1) the conflict between sth. and sth. …之间的冲突
(2) come into conflict with sb. 与某人发生冲突
【外刊例句】
But I think it’s the conflict of disagreement between all the characters that helps the reader decide who’s telling the truth.
Salon
但我认为，正是所有角色之间的分歧冲突，帮助读者判断谁在讲述真相。
6. demand
【考频】87
【形近词】command
【衍生词】demanding
【搭配】
meet customers’ demands 满足客户的需求
【用法】
(1) a demand for sth. 对某物有要求
(2) demand to do sth. 要求做某事
(3) demand that sb. (should) do 要求某人做某事
(4) sth. be in demand 某物需求旺盛
【外刊例句】
The demand for organs, such as hearts, kidneys, and livers, far exceeds the available supply and people sometimes wait years to receive a donated organ.
Science Daily
对心脏、肾脏和肝脏等器官的需求量远超可用供给，人们有时候需要等待数年时间才有机会接受捐献的器官。
7. recognize
【考频】111
【衍生词】recognition
【搭配】
recognize the need to take the problem seriously
认识到需要认真对待这个问题的必要性
【用法】
(1) it is recognized that … 人们认识到……
(2) recognize alcoholism as a disease 将酒精依赖认定为一种疾病
【外刊例句】
So many company policies have changed over the past three-plus years, I barely recognize the place.
New York Times
在过去三年多的时间里，公司的诸多政策都发生了变化，我简直认不出这里来了。
8. diversity
【考频】6
【衍生词】diverse
【搭配】
the biological diversity of the rainforests 热带雨林的生物多样性
【外刊例句】
The IOC likes boxing because it provides racial, economic and gender diversity that many other Olympic sports do not.
Washington Post
国际奥委会偏爱拳击，原因是它能够带来种族、经济及性别上的多样性，这是许多其他奥运项目所缺乏的。
9. acknowledge
【考频】12
【搭配】
①a generally acknowledged fact 一个普遍认可的事实
②acknowledge financial support from several local businesses
承认从几家当地企业获得的财务支持
【用法】
acknowledge sb. as sth. 承认某人是…
【外刊例句】
American officials acknowledged that they faced a particular challenge with the Houthis.
New York Times
美国官方承认，他们在应对胡塞武装方面遇到了特别的挑战。
10. generation
【考频】65
【衍生词】generate
【搭配】
①preserve the planet for future generations 为未来世代保存这个星球
②the new generation of mobile phones 新一代的手机
【外刊例句】
Nigeria is currently experiencing its worst economic crisis in a generation, which has led to widespread hardship and anger.
BBC
尼日利亚目前正遭受其一代人以来最严重的经济危机，引发了普遍的困难和广泛的不满。
课后练习
词汇练习
1. The local farmers' market sells a variety of homemade __________ (preserve), such as peach, cherry, and apple.
2. The company is __________ (current) evaluating several new software tools for project management.
3. The government has taken steps to __________ (force) the new environmental regulations strictly.
4. His __________ (force) argument convinced the committee to reconsider their decision.
5. The company's policy changes forced employees __________ (adapt) quickly to new working conditions.
6. Tourists wandered through the ancient __________ (ruin), marveling at the historical architecture.
7. The workers demand __________ (receive) fair compensation for their overtime hours.
8. By the time the error was discovered, the team __________ (recognize) the need for a new strategy.
9. The artist's unique style eventually gained __________ (recognize) at international galleries.
10. Every month, the blog __________ (generate) a wide range of discussions among its readers.
11. Compared to last year's conference, this year's event is __________ (diverse), featuring speakers from over 30 countries.
12. The environmental activists demand that the government __________ (implement) stricter pollution controls.
答案：
1. preserves 2. currently 3. enforce 4. forceful
5. to adapt 6. ruins 7. to receive 8. had recognized
9. recognition 10. generates 11. more diverse 12. implement
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