资源简介

2023-2024 学年第二学期高一阶段性教学质量监测
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题前，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the Teen Eye Building
A. On Madison Street. B. Opposite a museum. C. At the end of 7th Street.
2．What will the woman do next
A. Have a shower. B. Clean her teeth. C. Wash her face.
3．What does the woman think of living in a city
A. Exciting. B. Convenient. C. Dangerous.
4．What is the woman doing
A. Learning a language. B. Having an interview. C. Giving an English class.
5．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. When the man will go to work.
B. How the man will get to Washington.
C. What the man will do on the weekend.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。
6．What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Tidy her room.
B. Search for the report.
C. Avoid telling her boss the truth.
7．Where has the woman found the report
A. On the desk. B. On the bookshelf. C. On the floor.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8、9 题。
8．From whom did the woman know the man likes watching movies
A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s wife. C. The manager.
9．What will the man do this weekend
A. Visit his brother. B. Go to the movies. C. Listen to classical music.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至12 题。
10．What is Joan going to do
A. Visit a friend. B. Cook a meal. C. Meet her mother.
11．Why doesn’t the man want to eat hamburgers
A. They are unhealthy. B. He had them yesterday. C. He is tired of them.
12．What will the speakers have for dinner
A. Japanese food. B. French food. C. Chinese food.
听下面一段对话，回答第13 至 16 题。
13．When does the conversation probably take place
A. At the end of a term.
B. In the middle of a term.
C. At the beginning of a term.
14．What does the woman suggest doing
A. Inviting a famous actor to the party.
B. Playing some good music at the party.
C. Asking everyone to dress up at the party.
15．What will the speakers discuss tomorrow
A. What clothes to wear.
B. What games to organize.
C. What competitions to have.
16．What food will the speakers prepare
A. Pizza. B. Bread. C. Fried chicken.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17．Why did the speaker have a bad sleep before the trip
A. She missed her aunt.
B. She was too excited about the trip.
C. She looked forward to Christmas.
18．How did the speaker go to the airport
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi.
19．When did the speaker’s plane take off
A. At 1:40 p. m. B. At 1:50 p. m. C. At 2:00 p. m.
20．What did the speaker see on her trip
A. Hills and rivers.
B. Land and white clouds.
C. Birds and beautiful buildings.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TRAVEL PERU
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.There, you will have a chance to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful scenery as you spend a day driving to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
So come and experience what Peru has to offer. For more brochures about Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu.org.
21．If Jack is a lover of Inca culture, which tours would you like to recommend
A. Amazon Rainforest and Machu Picchu
B. Machu Picchu and Lake Titicaca
C. Cusco and Lake Titicaca
D. Machu Picchu and Cusco
22．What do the four tours have in common
A. All the four tours last for four days.
B. All the places can be reached by boat.
C. All the destinations are remote and poor places.
D. Visitors have to stay with the locals all the way.
23．What might be the purpose of the passage
A. To sell more brochures to visitors.
B. To try to attract more visitors to Peru.
C. To invite more people to visit a website.
D. To introduce readers the tourism of Peru.
B
Riding a motorbike in Uganda was something only men could do. At least that is what Allen Kisakye Butundu was told when she said she wanted to learn to ride one. “The community were shocked to see a female rider. Some people would even shout things at me and chase me.” she says.
The 27-year-old decided to learn to ride a motorbike two years ago. Initially, the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala, and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker. But she is now one of just a few female riders of boda boda, as motorbike taxis are known, in Uganda.
Butundu earns up to 10 a day on her motorbike and is the chief breadwinner for her children and husband, a trained vet, who has regular periods without work. But the journey has not been easy in a society with engrained gender roles. Her husband “refused completely” when she asked him to teach her how to ride.
“I didn’t give up.” she says. “I stopped boda boda drivers on the road and said: ‘ I’m not a customer but I want to learn how to ride this bike. I want to do your business. ’ ”
Butundu was taught by other riders, paying them a small fee or buying petrol. Her husband eventually came around to her new passion and bought a 1,400 bike. Last year, she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours. She has recently bought another bike and rents one out to a friend.
“Being a woman can have benefits.” she says. Riders are constantly trying to avoid police officers in central Kampala as they weave（穿梭）in and out of heavy traffic. This often leads to the police forcing drivers to pay large fines. “But when they notice I am a woman, instead of being tough, they start smiling and they let me go.”she laughs.
Butundu hopes her story will encourage other women to start riding boda boda in Uganda. She is determined to keep on breaking gender boundaries. “Those who talk, let them talk.” she laughs. “This woman is serious now. ”
24．Why did Butundu learn to ride a motorbike
A. She was unhappy with her job.
B. She was encouraged by her family.
C. She was moving to a rural area.
D. She wanted to reduce her travel expenses.
25．What does the underlined word “engrained” in paragraph 3 mean
A. flexible. B. difficult. C. fixed. D. creative.
26．What made Butundu go full time
A. The chance to earn a higher salary.
B. The chance to choose her working hours.
C. The chance to give rides to friends.
D. The chance to learn from other riders.
27．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. She thinks women are better boda boda riders.
B. She is reconsidering her career choice.
C. She cares little about others’ negative opinions.
D. She thinks gender boundaries are easily broken.
C
Bioluminescence（生物发光）is a natural phenomenon where a chemical reaction within a living thing produces light. It can be found in many places in nature—fireflies, some mushrooms —but mostly in the deep sea.
Recently, Rambouillet, a small historic French town, has teamed up with a company called Glowee to turn the city into a full-scale bioluminescence laboratory. The goal is to change the way in which cities use light. The company uses marine（海的）bacteria harvested from the coast of France to light up part of the town.
These bioluminescent bacteria are stored in a seawater-filled tube, giving the bacteria room to float around and light up. The light provided by the bacteria is part of their natural metabolism, so producing the light requires no energy other than that needed to feed the organisms. This makes it much more environmentally friendly and sustainable than electric light, which consumes a huge amount of nonrenewable energy.
“On the way to lighting up the world with bioluminescence, you have to feed the bacteria and add water as they grow. That’s not so easy. The phenomenon will be very temperature-dependent and I doubt whether it will work in the winter. Also, bioluminescence is not very bright compared to electrical lighting, though they have improved the light intensity.” said Carl Johnson, a professor from Vanderbilt University.
One potential solution to these issues—and one that Glowee is looking into—is to remove the biological aspect of the whole process. In theory, luciferase（荧光素酶）can be removed from the bacteria and used to create light instead of the bacteria itself．Because luciferase is non-living, it doesn't need to be fed. Creating new means of sustainable lighting is a way of being environmentally friendly without plunging the Earth back into darkness.
28．What do we know about Glowee
A. It is an ancient laboratory in France.
B. It solves power shortages in coastal cities.
C. It adopts bioluminescence as a light source.
D. It feeds marine animals to produce chemicals.
29．What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A. The reasons for energy waste.
B. The advantages of the marine bacteria as light.
C. The living conditions of the bioluminescent bacteria.
D. The difficulties of storing bioluminescent organisms.
30．What does Carl Johnson convey in his words
A. The bacteria work more efficiently under low temperatures.
B. It will cost much to improve the luminescence intensity.
C. The application of bioluminescence enjoys a bright future.
D. The development of bioluminescence faces many challenges.
31．Which of the following can be the best title of this text
A. A Historic Town Lit up by Nature
B. The First Zero-carbon City in the World
C. A Reform of Producing Electricity in Cities
D. The Discovery of Luciferase in Marine Bacteria
D
Why do we talk the way we do It might date back to when our ancestors left the jungle for the open plain. Between 5.3 million and 16 million years ago, Africa’s landscapes changed from thick, leafy forests to wide-open grasslands. This environmental change pushed our ancestors out of the trees and onto the ground. Along with all of the physical and behavioral changes this may have caused, researchers also believe it may have changed the way we speak.
“Open landscapes provide us with fewer objects to affect signal communication, which means our voices can travel further compared with that in thick forests.” Charlotte Gannon, a researcher who studies language development, told Newsweek. “The move to these open spaces may have increased the effectiveness of our communication. ”
By comparing the vocal calls of the chimpanzee (大猩猩) , Gannon and her team were able to establish how different calls could travel across different landscapes. In their study, the team played 487 calls from chimpanzees and measured their audibility (可听度) at set length over an overall distance of more than 1,300 feet in the South African plain.
“Our results were surprising.” Gannon said, “The rule of sound spread suggests that lower-frequency (低频率) sounds (the grumphs) would have traveled further than higher-frequency sounds (the kiss squeaks). Our results actually found the opposite to this. ” In these environmental settings, consonant (辅音)-like calls traveled a lot further than vowel (元音) -like calls. Actually, around 80 percent of consonant-based calls were audible at 1,300 feet, compared to only 20 percent of vowel-based calls.
Gannon said these results highlight the importance of studying living chimpanzees to learn about our species’ history. “We can view them as time machines that allow us to recreate key moments of our history so we can learn more about the development of our language,” Gannon said. “Despite their popularity in modern languages, consonants are often forgotten when speech development is discussed. Our research highlights not only their presence in ancient times but their importance to the development of language. ”
32．What led to the speech development
A. Behavioral change. B. Time development.
C. Physical development. D. Environmental change.
33．What makes communication happening 10 million years ago more effective
A. Less block. B. Better tools.
C. Louder voice. D. Larger vocabulary.
34．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The results of the study. B. The process of the research.
C. The purpose of the program. D. The participants of the project.
35．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. The living chimpanzees can recreate our language.
B. Consonants are significant in language development.
C. The sound of grumphs travels further than that of kiss squeaks.
D. Consonant-like calls travel four times further than vowel-like calls.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car, while some others don’t. 36 Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races.
One kind of race is the time trial. Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line. The cyclist who covers the distance in the shortest amount of time wins the race. A time trial is a very safe race for beginners. 37
Another kind of race is more difficult. A few city blocks are closed to traffic. Then all the racers line up in a tight pack and begin racing at the same time．They cover many laps（一圈）going around and around the city blocks. 38 It also requires skillful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles. The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner.
39 Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles. The race course may be a straight stretch of road or a long series of roads across the country. The prize goes to the first person who crosses the finish line.
Between races cyclists stay in good condition by doing exercise that builds up their strength so that they can keep riding for long periods of time. As cyclists become more experienced, they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers. 40 If you’re a cyclist, keep practicing. You could become a star.
A. The race requires more than speed.
B. Only experienced cyclists can enter the race.
C. For them, bicycling is actually an exciting sport.
D. Road races are usually the longest cycling contests.
E. Then they can enter special races all over the country.
F. Cyclists still need to build themselves up for those races.
G. The bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Ella Casano was diagnosed with a disease called ITP at the age of 7. For most kids with ITP, the disease will 41 go away. But it was not the 42 for Ella. When she was 13, she still had to have IV infusions（输液）every eight weeks, which 43 her a lot. (
高一英语·第6页（共8页）
)
Thinking of her 44 treatment process, she 45 to design a product that could make medical experiences less frightening. She cut up a stuffed toy and used a hot glue gun to 46 her first Medi Teddy, a 47 shaped like a teddy bear. The back of the cover is made of mesh （网）so that doctors and nurses can 48 the medicine that the child is receiving．“The purpose of the design is to 49 a bag of IV fluid medicine so that the child who is receiving it can not see it. Instead, the child will see a 50 bear face. ” Ella said.
Ella was 51 that Medi Teddy should be non-profit, so she could help other kids who have 52 similar experiences. So she launched a GoFundMe to 53 money and successfully collected more than $20, 000, aiming to make more Medi Teddies for the kids!
“The 54 of the little patients has been wonderful.We think we are ready to produce a better 55 product that can help hundreds of kids. ” Meg said.
41. A. finally B. closely C. widely D. deeply
42. A. tradition B. attempt C. opinion D. case
43. A. attracted B. frightened C. amazed D. pushed
44. A. effective B. amazing C. painful D. enjoyable
45. A. pretended B. intended C. competed D. failed
46. A. create B. imagine C. borrow D. buy
47. A. medicine B. needle C. disease D. cover
48. A. check B. stop C. take D. change
49. A. protect B. hide C. shelter D. escape
50. A. strange B. sad C. scary D. friendly
51. A. disappointed B. alarmed C. determined D. shocked
52. A. concerned about B. suffered from C. searched for D. recovered from
53. A. save B. spend C. donate D. raise
54. A. profit B. solution C. response D. quality
55. A. positive B. personal C. demanding D. shocking
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
The Icehotel is the world’s first ice hotel in northern Sweden. The hotel, including the chairs and beds, is constructed from snow and ice blocks, 56 are taken from the nearby Tome River. Artists are invited to create different 57 (room) and decorations built by ice. Besides bedrooms, there is a bar with glasses made 58 ice. Each suite is unique and the architecture of the hotel is changed 59 (annual), as it is rebuilt from scratch.
60 (design) the main hall and the imaginative suites, artists around the world send applications to the Icehotel each year . When spring comes, 61 is pitiful to see everything melt away and return to the Tome River. 62 the Icehotel only exists between December and April, it 63 (consider) as one of the Seven Wonders of Sweden recently.
At the Icehotel the beds are bedded with furs and people are given special equipment to use while 64 (sleep) in the hotel. The guests sleep in polar-tested sleeping bags. Since there is no heating in 65 hotel, the bedroom temperature remain constantly around -5℃. The ice suites do not have any bathroom facilities but bathroom for guests can be found in a warm building close by.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校在学校礼堂举行了消防逃生演练(fire drill)。请写一篇英语日记，内容包括：
消防讲座；
逃生演练；
你的感受。
注意：1．字数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Saturday, March 16
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第二节：读后续写 (满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数应为150左右。
Three years ago I was arranged to work for a few weeks as a dentist in a new dental clinic at Victor Harbor, to the south of Adelaide and an hour further away than my usual workplace. My first day there was rush driving to a new and unfamiliar clinic and getting accustomed to the different rules and clinical environment．
In my worry and anxiety, and feeling a little unfamiliar in the new setting, I removed my three rings: my wedding ring, a ring that belonged to my mother and one that was an anniversary gift from my husband. I wrapped them in a tissue and placed them beside my computer.
During my lunch break, I noticed the wrinkled tissue and thought that it did not look very neat and dropped it into the rubbish bin．I went about my duties and my day went on well; I met new patients and felt that I had been productive and efficient. Driving home at the end of the day, just moments before I reached my house, I noticed that I was missing my rings. I felt the heat in my body rose, my cheeks burning red. I went inside and tried to calm down. I felt sick to my stomach and I had that sinking feeling in my heart. I spent an hour or so making calls, trying to follow the track of my rings. The first people I called were my manager and clinical leader and they gave me a few contact numbers for cleaners. I got in touch with a lady who managed the cleaning services for the clinic, and she informed me that the bins had already been collected.
Heartbroken, I knew nothing could be done now. I had lost my rings. Had it not been for my carelessness, all this would not have happened. With great sorrow and regret, I just sat there rooted in my chair.
Paragraph 1:
After two hours or so, I received a most amazing phone call.
Paragraph 2:
I decided to thank the wonderful person face to face.参考答案
一、听力
1-5 BCCBC 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 CAACB 16-20 ABBCB
阅读理解
21-23 DAB 24-27 DCBC 28-31 CBDA 32-35 DABB 36-40 CGADE
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41-45 ADBCB 46-50 ADABD 51-55 CBDCA
第二节 语法填空
which 57. rooms 58. of 59. annually
60. To design 61. it 62. Though/Although/While 63. has been considered 64. sleeping 65. the
第四部分 写作
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
To raise our safety awareness, some firefighters were invited to our school to give a speech last Saturday afternoon. They showed us what to do in case of a fire and how to use different kinds of fire-fighting equipment.
Then a fire drill was held. The moment the alarm rang, all of us ran downstairs one by one. We finally got together at the playground safely. Next, we managed to put out the fire by operating fire-fighting equipment accurately.
Through the drill, we have learned how to escape in an emergency. I think it is important for us to keep calm and know what to do.
第二节：读后续写 (满分25分)
Paragraph 1:
After two hours or so, I received a most amazing phone call. This call was from another cleaner called Jerry, who was working in the rubbish station nearby. He told me that he accidentally found the three rings wrapped in the tissue when he was tidying the rubbish. So immediately, he ran to the nearest telephone booth to call the lady managing the cleaning services for the clinic. The lady told him of my losses and informed him of my telephone number. Thus, he rang me to my home in case of my anxiety.
Paragraph 2:
I decided to thank the wonderful person face to face. I ran to my car in a hurry and drove directly to the dustbin station near my clinic, where the cleaner Jerry was waiting for me. I expressed my greatest thanks to him for his kindness and I did want to give him some money as my gift for his behavior. However, he refused my reward, saying that it was his duty and responsibility to give back the loss to the owners. Deeply moved, I thanked him again. At last, I got my treasured rings back happily.
A篇
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．B
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍秘鲁四个不同地方的旅游情况，欢迎游客去秘鲁旅行。
21．D推理判断题。根据Machu Picchu Tour部分提到的“Incas＇dry stone method”和 Cusco Tour 提到“Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire”可知，如果Jack爱好印加文化，推荐他去Machu Picchu和Cusco。
22．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Amazon Rain-forest Tour 花费一天时间乘船去森林中部，三天时间探索，所以是四天；Machu Picchu Tour 是一个四天的徒步旅行；Cusco也是花费四天旅行；Lake Titicaca 先花费一天时间到达，再花费三天时间游览。因此可知，四个旅游的共同之处都是为期四天。
23．写作意图题。根据全文最后一段“So come and experience...contact us....at tourinfo＠travelperu.org.”可知，文章的写作目的是吸引更多的游客来秘鲁。
B篇
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．B 27.C
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了乌干达妇女 Butundu 学习骑摩托车的故事，尽管这在性别角色根深蒂固的社会几乎不可能，她仍旧学会了骑摩托车并赚钱养家，她还希望通过她的经历鼓励乌干达的其他女性，打破性别界限。
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Initially，the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala,and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker.”可知，Butundu学习骑摩托车的原因是想节省路费。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。上文“the chief breadwinner for her children and husband”说明 Butundu 骑摩托车赚的钱是家里的主要经济来源，画线词所在句中But表示转折，结合下文“Her husband 'refused completely' when she asked him to teach her how to ride.”可知，Butundu骑摩托车这条路在这个性别角色固定的社会并不容易。画线词与fixed“固定的”意思相近。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Last year，she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours.”可知，可以灵活选择工作时间让 Butundu 选择全职工作。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butundu希望她的故事能鼓励乌干达的其他女性开始骑摩托车。她决心继续打破性别界限。“那些说闲话的人，就让他们说去吧”可推断，她不在乎别人的消极评价。故选C.
C篇
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一座历史悠久的法国小镇朗布依埃与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，利用生物发光技术将这座城市变成一个完全的生物发光实验室，其目标是改变城市的照明方式。
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“最近，一座历史悠久的法国小镇朗布依埃与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，将这座城市变成一个完全的生物发光实验室。其目标是改变城市的照明方式······”可知，Glowee公司采用生物发光作为光源。故选C项。
29．段落大意题。根据文章第三段第二、三句可知，第三段主要讲的是海洋细菌作为光源的优势。故选B项。
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“That’s not so easy. The phenomenon will be very temperature-dependent...though they have improved the light intensity”可以推知，生物发光的发展面临着许多挑战。故选D项。
标题归纳题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一座历史悠久的法国小镇朗布依埃与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，利用生物发光技术将这座城市变成一个完全的生物发光实验室，其目标是改变城市的照明方式，所以A选项“大自然点亮的历史小镇”适合作文章标题。故选A项。
D篇
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。专注于探讨人类语言发展的可能历史及其与古人类生活环境变化之间的关系。
【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ This environmental change pushed our ancestors out of the trees and onto the ground. Along with all of the physical and behavioral changes this may have caused, researchers also believe it may have changed the way we speak.(这种环境变化把我们的祖先从树上推到了地上。除了可能引起的身体和行为变化外，研究人员还认为它（环境变化）可能改变了我们说话的方式)”可知，环境变化导致了语言的发展。故选D项。
【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Open landscapes provide us with fewer objects to affect signal communication, meaning our voices can travel further compared with that in thick forests,” “The move to these open spaces may have increased the effectiveness of our communication.”( “开阔的景观为我们提供了更少的物体来影响（阻挡）信号交流，这意味着与茂密的森林相比，我们的声音可以传播得更远。”“搬到这些开放空间可能提高了我们沟通的效率。”)”可推知，更少的阻碍让1000万年前的交流变得更有效。故选A项。
【34题详解】主旨大意。根据第三段“By comparing the vocal calls of the chimpanzee , Gannon and her team were able to establish how different calls could travel across different landscapes. In their study, the team played 487 calls from chimpanzees and measured their audibility (可听度) at set length over an overall distance of over 1,300 feet in the South African plain.(通过比较猩猩的叫声，甘农和她的团队能够确定不同的叫声是如何在不同的景观中传播的。在他们的研究中，研究小组播放了487个猩猩的叫声，并在南非平原上超过1300英尺的总距离上测量了它们的可听性)”可知，本段主要讲述了研究的过程。故选B项。
【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In these environmental settings, consonant (辅音)-like calls traveled a lot further than vowel (元音) -like calls. Actually, around 80 percent of consonant-based calls were audible at 1,300 feet, compared to only 20 percent of vowel-based calls.(在这些环境中，类似辅音的叫声比类似元音的叫声传播得更远。实际上，在1300英尺的高空，大约80%的辅音通话都能被听到，而元音通话只有20%能被听到)”以及最后一段 “Despite their popularity in modern languages, consonants have often been forgotten when discussing speech development. Our research highlights not only their presence in ancient times but their importance to the development of language.”(尽管辅音在现代语言中很受欢迎，但在讨论语言发展时却经常被遗忘。我们的研究不仅强调了它们在古代的存在，而且强调了它们对语言发展的重要性。”)”可推知，辅音在语言发展中很重要。故选B项。
七选五
【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39.D 40. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出有些人一学会开车就把自行车收起来，而对另一些人来说，骑自行车不仅是一种方便的交通方式，还是一项令人兴奋的运动。
上文讲到，有些人一旦学会开车就把自行车收起来，而有些人则不会，同时下文讲到，认真的自行车车手经常安排参加比赛，由此可知，设空处承上启下，讲述的是自行车手的情况。C项“对他们来说，骑自行车实际上是一项令人兴奋的运动”符合题意。故选C。
根据空格前一句可知，计时赛对初学者来说是非常安全的比赛。G项“这些自行车都分散开了，不太可能相撞”解释了为什么计时赛是安全的，承接上文。故选G。
根据空格后两句可知，它还需要熟练的自行车操作。最先跑完所有圈的选手为获胜者。A项“比赛要求的不仅仅是速度”符合题意。故选A。
根据空后一句可知，参赛者必须跑35英里到近3000英里的距离。由此可知，D项“公路赛通常是最长的自行车比赛”符合题意。故选D。
40．根据上文及常识可知，当自行车车手有很多经验，而且有了执照后，他们就可以参加各种比赛了。故E项“然后他们可以参加全国各地的特殊比赛”符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空
41-45 ADBCB 46-50 ADABD 51-55 CBDCA
导语：本文主要讲述Ella Casano在7岁被诊断出ITP，为了缓解治疗带来的恐惧，设计出叫Medi Teddy的熊脸来遮挡输液瓶，同时帮助其他类似经历的孩子。
41.A. 对于大多数患ITP的孩子来说，这个疾病最终会消失。选finally。
42. D. 但是对Ella来说，情况并非如此。选case。
43. B. 当她13岁的时候，她仍然需要每八周进行一次静脉输液，这让她感到非常害怕。选 frightened。
44. C. 考虑到自己痛苦的治疗过程，她打算设计出一款让医疗体验不那么可怕的产品。选painful。
45. B. 考虑到自己痛苦的治疗过程，她打算设计出一款让医疗体验不那么可怕的产品。选intended。
46. A. 她剪了一个毛绒玩具，用热熔胶枪创造了她的第一个Medi Teddy。选create。
47. D. 一个形状像泰迪熊的遮盖物。选cover。
48. A. 遮盖物的背面是网状的，这样医生和护士就可以检查孩子正在输入的药物。选check。
49. B. 这个设计的目的是隐藏静脉注射的药物，这样接受输液的孩子就看不到它了。选hide。
50. D. 相反，孩子会看到一张友好的熊脸。选friendly。
51. C. 艾拉坚定Medi Teddy应该是非营利性的。选determined。
52. B. 这样她就可以帮助其他遭受类似经历的孩子。选suffered from。
53. D. 于是，她发起了GoFundMe去筹款。选raised。
54. C. 小病人们的反应非常好。选response。
55. A. 我们认为我们已经准备好生产一种更好的积极产品，可以帮助数百名儿童。”选positive.
语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
which 57. rooms 58. of 59. annually
60. To design 61. it 62. Though/Although/While 63. has been considered 64. sleeping 65. the
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于瑞典北部的世界上第一家冰屋酒店。
56. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词snow and ice blocks， 且从句中缺少主语，故填which。
57. rooms 考查名词复数。根据different和decorations可知，空格处要填名词复数形式。
58. of 考查介词。 be made of意为“由......制成”（能看出原材料）。
59. annually 考查副词。副词修饰动词，空格处表示“每年，一年一度”。
60. To design 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示艺术家们递交申请的目的，故填To design。
61. it 考查代词。it在此处作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
62. Though/Although/While 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，前后句之间是让步关系，故填Though/Although/While引导让步状语从句。
63. has been considered 考查时态和语态。句意：虽然Icehotel只存在于12月至次年4月之间，但是近来它已经被认为是瑞典的“七大奇迹”之一。根据句中的recently可知，要用现在完成时，且it与consider之间是被动关系，故填has been considered。
64. sleeping 考查状语从句的省略用法。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空格处与其逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，故用现在分词sleeping。补充完整为while they are sleeping...
65. the 考查冠词。这里特指“冰屋酒店”，故填定冠词the。
听力录音原文
第一段
W: Excuse me, officer. How do I get to the Teen Eye Building
M: Cross Madison Street and turned left, go on one block on Seventh Street and you'll see the building opposite a museum.
第二段
M: Hurry up, Rosy. I need to have a shower before I go to work. Are you washing your hair
W: No, I've just cleaned my teeth. I am just going to wash my face.
第三段
M：Guess what, Vicky， I'm moving to Boston.
W：Moving. Why
M：Because I want to live in a big city, I need some exciting things in my life, and it is convenient. W: But living in a city is dangerous. There's a lot of violence.
第四段
W: Are there any other requirements for this position
M: Yes, you have to master several languages.
W: Well, I can speak Spanish and a little bit of French, and I am attending an English class now.
第五段
W：You're driving to Washington on Saturday morning.
M：Yes, I'm going to the Smithsonian Museum on Saturday, and on Sunday I'm going to take the kids to the zoo.
W：Wow, you'll be tired for work on Monday.
第六段6－7
W：I'm in trouble. If I don't find the report, my boss will kill me.
M：Instead of looking for it directly, why don't you try organizing your room a bit It's a disaster.
W：But I like it this way. Here it is. I searched the desk and bookshelf, but I didn't look on the floor.
第七段 8－9
W：I heard the manager saying that you and your wife like watching movies. Would you like to see one this weekend
M：Yes, I was thinking of checking out the Sunday movies. They are playing Mary Poppins there this weekend. You see, I am a real big fan of classical movies.
W: That's perfect. I got these two free tickets that you can use at that theatre. My brother gave them to me.
M: Really that's very nice of you.
第八段 10－12
M：What time are we going to eat dinner Tina, I'm hungry.
W：I don't know, Bill. Ask Joan， she's going to cook.
M: No, she's not. She says she is going to her friend Maria's house. Maria's mother is going to make a French dinner.
W: Well then, we'll have to cook dinner ourselves. Let's have hamburgers.
M：No, I don't want to eat hamburgers all the time. Why don't we eat Chinese food It's really good.
W：I had Chinese food yesterday. Maybe we can try some Japanese food. It's healthy.
M：Where are we going to find a Japanese food in Mayfield
W：That's easy. There's a new Japanese restaurant on Main Street.
M：Ok, we can go there for dinner.
第九段13－16
W：OK, So it's up to us to hold the end of school year party for our class. How can we make it a really good one
M：Well, it shouldn't be too difficult. Every one will be so happy that all their exams are over, that they'll all want to have a party. We just need good music.
W：No, we should do something to make it really special. We could ask people to dress up, we could tell everyone to come as a famous character from a film.
M：But it'll be difficult to find the clothes.
W：Well, maybe you're right. What else could we do then
M：We could organize some games and competitions.
W：Well, I like games, but it might seem a bit like school if we had competitions.
M：Yeah，but we could think of some fun games.
W：Okay, we can talk about it tomorrow. Let's think about food now. What about bread or fried chicken They are easy to prepare.
M：Why not have different kinds of pizza Every one likes pizza.
W： Good idea.
第十段 17－20
Last Christmas I was invited to Canada by my aunt Judy. I have never been to other countries, so I was so excited about the trip that I didn't sleep well for several nights. On the day of leaving, my father thought that I might be caught in the traffic jam if I took a bus to the airport, so he drove me there. But our car broke down on the way. As the time went by, I began to worry about missing the flight. I decided to stop a car to take me to the airport. Many cars went past me with high speed before a white Bora stopped by my side. Thanks to the driver, I arrived at the airport just in time at 1：50 p. m. to catch my plane, which would leave ten minutes later. It was my first flight and I was a bit nervous when the plane was taking off. My ears felt funny, I was really sick. Luckily, it was all over after a while. On my window seat, I could enjoy the bird's eye view of beautiful cities, land, grass, forests and blue sea. Sometimes our plain flew right over the white clouds. Unluckily, I didn't see any hills. Maybe I missed them. What a wonderful view.

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