资源简介 一般过去时VS现在完成时区分讲解和练习(含答案)时态 用法 谓语V.形式 常用时间状语一般过去时 过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 was/were/did ...ago, last..., just now in +过去的时间点表示过去经常或反复发生的现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态对现在仍有影响 have/has been have/has done already、since、for just、yet、ever...表示从过去某时间一直持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for/since引导的状语连用【现在完成时与一般过去时的区别】现在完成时强调已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,而一般过去时则只表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,和现在没有关系,所以,表示过去的时间状语只能与一般过去时连用,而不能与现在完成时连用。如:Jack heard about the news yesterday.Jack has already heard about the news. You don’t need to tell him.【课后练习】一、单项选择1.—I think our teacher, Mrs. Li, knows everything.—I agree. Because she ________ over 2000 books.A.read B.reads C.is reading D.has read2.Simon ________ a computer. He wants to learn ________.A.bought; what to use B.has bought; what to use itC.bought; how to use D.has bought; how to use it3.Adam didn’t join in the summer camp to Australia this time because he ________ there before.A.has been B.had been C.was D.had gone4.—Our computer is working again!—Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him only a few minutes.A.has fixed B.will fix C.was fixing D.is fixing5.—I’m sorry for being late.—Never mind. The meeting ________ for only 5 minutes. This way, please.A.has begun B.has been over C.has been open D.has been on6.—________ did your uncle leave his hometown —He ________ for nearly twenty years.A.When; has left B.When; has been awayC.How long; has left D.How long; has been away7.—Where would you like to go for the weekend —I hear that Happy Valley ________ for several years. So we can go there.A.opened B.has been opened C.has opened D.has been open8.—The Whites have ________ Macao on vacation. They’ll stay there for a week.—Oh, really I have never ________ there.A.gone to; been B.gone to; been to C.been to; gone9.—Let’s turn on the TV and watch the football match.—It’s too late. It _______ for an hour. And the result was 1-0.A.has finished B.has begun C.has been on D.has been over10.—Mike has changed a lot, hasn’t he —Yes. He used to ________ the guitar, but now he is more ________ in playing soccer.A.plays; interested B.play; interested C.play; interesting11.We used to ________ in the evening, but because of the study, we are used to ________ early in the morning.A.exercise; exercise B.exercise; exercisingC.exercised; exercise D.exercising; exercise12.—When _________ your dad _________ this car —In 2013. He _________ this car for ten years. He loves it very much.A.has; bought; has had B.has; bought; has boughtC.did; buy; has bought D.did; buy; has had13.—Miss Hu, I haven’t seen you for a long time.—Yes. I _______ for as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back yesterday.A.worked B.am working C.have worked D.work14.After the heavy rain, the river ________ two inches yesterday.A.rose B.has raised C.was risen D.raised15.—I haven’t seen you for a long time, Mr Wu.—Yes. I ________ as a volunteer in Xinjiang for three years. I came back the other day.A.have worked B.was working C.will work D.worked二、单词拼写16.“The love and help from these kind people will never be (forget).” the boy said to the reporter.17.After they (choose) to sing at the party, the whole team practiced even harder.18.Man often (dive) to collect natural sponges for the cleaning use, but now man-made sponges have spared the lives of those poor creatures.19.I used to (walk) to school last year, but now I am used to (go) to school by bike.20.Look at the sky! The rain (stop). Let’s go out and play.21.The film (begin). Whom are you still waiting here for 22.To our surprise, the price of the flats near the famous school (rise) by 15% so far.23.After watching the documentary “Amazing China”, you will surely understand that there (be) great changes in China in the past 40 years.24.I (leave)my key in the taxi, and now I can’t get into my home.25.I feel very worried. My pen friend (not reply) to me since last month26.We (learn) English for about three years.27.I can’t find my dictionary. Please find out who (take) it.28.The girl sitting to me on the plane is very nervous, for she (not fly) before.29.—Look! Someone (clean) the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.30.The poor dog (die) in the garden for four hours.31.Nobody except Tom and Millie (be) that park before.32.This is the first time that everyone except the twins (ride) an indoor roller coaster.33.This is the most delicious food (我曾吃过的).参考答案:1.D【详解】句意:——我觉得我们的老师,李老师无所不知。——我同意。因为她已经读了2000多本书。考查动词时态和主谓一致。read读,动词。根据答句“因为她已经读了2000多本书”可知强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,判断用现在完成时态, 其结构是主语+have/has+动词的过去分词。答句中的主语是“she”,助动词用has,故选D。2.D【详解】句意:西蒙买了一台电脑。他想学习如何使用它考查时态和连词。结合句意,此处表示已经完成一个动作,对现在有影响,应用现在完成时。第一空填has bought。what后面不定式时,what本身作宾语,后面不需要加宾语,how后面加不定式时,需要宾语,第二空填how to use it。故选D。3.B【详解】句意:亚当这次没有参加去澳大利亚的夏令营,因为他以前去过那里。考查过去完成时。由“Adam didn’t join in the summer camp to Australia this time because he … there before”可知,此处指亚当过去去过,过去的过去应用过去完成时,去过已回来用been。故选B。4.A【详解】句意:——我们的电脑又能工作了!——是的。我们的IT老师已经修好了。他只花了几分钟。考查动词时态。根据“It took him only a few minutes.”可知,电脑已经修好了,用现在完成时态表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响”,其结构为have/has done,故选A。5.D【详解】句意:对不起,我迟到了。——没关系,会议只开了5分钟。请这边走。考查现在完成时。has been over已经结束;has been open已经开放;has been on已经开始。根据“...for only 5 minutes. This way, please.”可知,会议是刚开始,与时间段连用用延续性动词,排除A。故选D。6.B【详解】句意:——你的叔叔离开家乡有多久了?——他离开将近20年了。考查特殊疑问句和现在完成时。第一个空后的leave“离开”是短暂性动词,How long后面的动词应该用延续性动作,所以选项C、D不正确;第二个空后的for nearly twenty years表示“持续了将近二十年”,时态应为现在完成时,应将短暂性动词转换为延续性动词be away,主语为He为第三人称单数形式,结合现在完成时结构故为has been away。故选B。7.D【详解】句意:——你周末想去哪里?——我听说欢乐谷开了好几年了。所以我们可以去那里。考查动词的时态。根据“for several years”可知,此处是现在完成时,句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词,若是非延续性动词,要改为延续性动词或表状态的词,open为非延续性动词,所以此处的“开张”应用表示状态的“be+形容词:be open”,所以此处应为has been open。故选D。8.A【详解】句意:——怀特夫妇去澳门度假了。他们将在那里待一个星期。 ——哦,真的吗?我从未去过那里。考查现在完成时。have gone to去某地了(还未回);have been to曾经去过某地(已回)。第一空,根据“They’ll stay there for a week.”可知,怀特夫妇去了澳门,还未回,应用have gone to;第二空,根据“Oh, really I have never … there.”可知,此处是指从未去过某地,应用have never been to,因为there是副词,要省略to。故选A。9.D【详解】句意:——让我们打开电视看足球比赛吧。——太晚了,它都结束一个小时了,结果是1比0。考查现在完成时。has finished结束了,现在完成时;has begun开始了;has been on一直在进行;has been over已经结束了。句中for an hour表示一段时间,finish和begin都是瞬间性动词,不能和一段时间连用,故排除A和B。根据“It’s too late.”以及后面“And the result was 1-0.”可知,比赛已经结束了。故选D。10.B【详解】句意:——迈克改变了很多,不是吗? ——是的。他过去弹吉他,但现在他对踢足球更感兴趣。考查动词短语和形容词辨析。plays“演奏”,动词三单形式;interested感兴趣的;play“演奏”,动词原形;interesting有趣的。第一空,根据“used to…”可知,此处考查used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”,动词短语,用动词原形play;第二空,根据“he is more…in…”可知,此处考查be interested in“对……感兴趣”,形容词短语,用interested。故选B。11.B【详解】句意:我们过去经常在晚上锻炼,但是因为学习的关系,我们习惯在早上锻炼。考查动词短语。exercise“锻炼”,动词原形,exercising现在分词或动名词;exercised过去式。根据“used to…”可知,此处考查used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”,此处用动词原形exercise,排除C和D;根据“are used to…”可知,此处考查be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,固定搭配,应用动名词exercising作宾语,排除A。故选B。12.D【详解】句意:——你爸爸什么时候买的这辆车?——在2013年。他已经拥有它十年的时间了。他非常喜欢它。考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法。根据“In 2013”可知,问句问的是什么时候买的车,用一般过去时。第二空根据“for ten years”可知,应用延续性动词has had。故选D。13.A【详解】句意:——胡小姐,我好久没见到你了。——是的。我在上海做了一个月的志愿护士。我昨天回来的。考查一般过去时。worked工作,一般过去时;am working正在工作,现在进行时;have worked已经工作,现在完成时;work工作,一般现在时。根据“I came back yesterday.”可知,昨天回来了,所以做志愿护士的动作发生在过去,用一般过去时。故选A。14.A【详解】句意:昨天大雨过后,河水涨了两英寸。考查动词辨析和时态。rise不及物动词,是指某样东西上升,是主动的;raise及物动词,指使某样东西上升,即:提高,抬升。根据“the river”可知,是下雨后河水自己升高,且是主动语态,又根据“yesterday”可知,是过去发生的事情,所以时态用一般过去时,动词填过去式rose。故选A。15.D【详解】句意:——吴先生,我好久没见到你了。——对,我在新疆做了三年志愿者。几天前我回来了。考查动词时态。have worked现在完成时;was working过去进行时;will work一般将来时;worked动词work的过去式/过去分词。根据“for three years”和“I came back the other day.”可知,吴先生去新疆做了三年的志愿者,前几天回来了,事情为过去一段时间内发生的且现在已经结束,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,worked为动词过去式。故选D。16.forgotten【详解】句意:“这些善良人们的爱和帮助永远不会被忘记。”男孩对记者说。主语与动词forget之间是被动关系,故此处应填过去分词与be构成被动语态,forget的过去分词是forgotten,故填forgotten。17.were chosen【详解】句意:他们被选中在聚会上唱歌之后,整个团队练习的甚至更加努力。本题主语“they”和谓语“choose”之间是被动关系,因此本题使用被动语态,结构是“be+动词的过去分词”。又根据“the whole team practiced even harder.”可知时态为一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是they,be动词用are的过去式were。故填were chosen。18.dived【详解】句意:人类经常潜入水中收集天然海绵用于清洁,但现在人造海绵拯救了这些可怜的生物的生命。根据“but now”可知前面讲过去经常潜入水中收集天然海绵,用一般过去时,dive的过去式是dived。故填dived。19. walk going【详解】句意:去年我过去常常步行去上学,但现在我习惯骑自行车去上学。根据“used to...last year”可知,第一空处表示“过去常常步行去上学”,应用短语used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”;根据“but now I am used to”可知,第二空处表示“现在习惯骑自行车去上学”,应用短语be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”。故填walk;going。20.has stopped【详解】句意:看看天空!雨停了。让我们出去玩吧。根据Let’s go out and play.可知,雨已经停了,stop要用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响,所以用现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+动词过去分词;主语是the rain,所以助动词用has,stop的过去分词是stopped;故填has stopped。21.has begun【详解】句意:电影已经开始了。你们还在这里等谁?根据Whom are you still waiting here for 可知此处表示现在电影已经开始了,故用现在完成时,主语the film是第三人称单数,故谓语用第三人称单数,故填has begun。22.has risen【详解】句意:令我们惊讶的是,到目前为止,这所著名学校附近的公寓价格已经上涨了15%。根据“so far”可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语是the price of the flats,助动词用has,故填has risen。23.have been【详解】句意:看过纪录片《了不起的中国》,你一定会明白,在过去的40年里,中国发生了巨大的变化。 从“in the past 40 years”以及句意判断句子使用现在完成时态,结构是have/has done。且there be句型遵循就近原则,be动词与靠近它最近的名词保持一致,根据“great changes ”可知,是have been。故填have been。24.have left【详解】句意:我把我的钥匙忘在了出租车上,现在我进不去门了。leave离开,留下,遗忘,leave sth.+介词短语,“把某物遗忘在某处”,根据句意和后面这句话and now ….可知,这里应使用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,其构成是have/has+过去分词,这句话的主语是I,故应填have left。25.hasn’t replied【详解】句意:我很担心。我的笔友从上个月起就没有回复我。since last month从上个月起,表一段时间,用于现在完成时,主语My pen friend是单数第三人称,需用has+过去分词结构;根据句意结构和英文提示,可知填hasn’t replied。26.have learned【详解】句意:我们已经学了三年英语了。根据“for+一段时间”可知时态为现在完成时,结构为:have/has done,主语为we,用have。故填have learned。27.has taken【详解】句意:我找不到我的字典了。请查明是谁拿走的。本句是who引导的宾语从句,从句缺谓语动词,主语who是单数第三人称,动词需用三单形式;根据主句find out是一般现在时,结合句意结构和英文提示,可知从句需用现在完成时,故填has taken。28.hasn’t flown【详解】句意:坐在飞机上的那个女孩很紧张,因为她以前从未飞行过。本句是for引导的原因状语从句;从句缺谓语,before在以前,表示一段持续的时间,用于现在完成时;she是单数第三人称,需借助has+过去分词构成现在完成时结构。根据句意结构和英文提示,可知填hasn’t flown。29.has cleaned【详解】句意:——看!有人已经清扫了沙发。——是的,不是我做的。我没有做这件事。根据was和didn’t可知上句动作已完成,用现在完成时态,结构为have/has done,主语是Someone,故填has cleaned。30.has been dead【详解】句意:这只可怜的小狗在花园里死了四个小时了。die死,去世,是一个瞬间性动词,不能和一段时间状语搭配使用。句中“for four hours”表示的是一段时间,因此这里应用系表结构be dead,它可以和一段时间搭配使用。根据句意可知,这里应用现在完成时态,故填has been dead。31.has been to【详解】句意:除了汤姆和米莉没人以前去过那个公园。根据“before”可知,从过去至今为止,时态为现在完成时。主语“Nobody”为三单,所以应是has been to意为“去过某地”。故填has been to。32.has ridden【详解】句意:这是第一次除了那对双胞胎之外,所有人都乘坐室内过山车。ride“骑,搭乘”,动词,作谓语。This is the+序数词+time that+从句,表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,从句用现在完成时,谓语结构为have/has done。本题从句主语是不定代词everyone,助动词用单数形式has,ride的过去分词为ridden。故填has ridden。33. that I have ever had/eaten【详解】句意:这是我吃过的最好吃的食物。分析句子可知,此句为定语从句,先行词food是物,且前有最高级修饰,引导词应用that;根据“我曾经吃过的”可知,从句应用现在完成时,主语是I,助词用have;ever“曾经”,副词,作状语,修饰动词;have/eat“吃”,动词,其过去分词为had/eaten。故填that;I;have;ever;had/eaten。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览