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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版新教材英语高考第一轮
Unit 5　Learning from nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Miss Baugh taught seventh-grade social studies.She was the kind of teacher that perhaps everyone has had at least once:scary.In class,she always taught us to take school seriously.She had been teaching for a long time and I was as afraid of her as anyone,including the boys who were typically naughty in the back row.
But I also had a life outside of school and had just discovered cheap objects for pranks.One such prop(道具) had two parts:an ink bottle painted to look as though it had overturned,and a piece of shiny black metal shaped like a pool.
Of all the people I could have tricked,unexpectedly I chose Miss Baugh.At the beginning of the class,I opened her book and placed the props on one of the pages.Then I waited for the fun.When Miss Baugh saw the bottle and the spilled ink,she let out a little cry and looked for something to wipe up the ink with.The trick had succeeded beyond my expectations.But then I suddenly knew I had no control over what would happen next.When Miss Baugh tried to remove the ink with a paper towel,she discovered it was just a piece of black metal.She picked it up,her eyes sweeping the classroom with a deadly gaze.Then came the question:“Who did this ”
After some hesitation,I raised my hand.Miss Baugh fixed me with a stare that terrified me,and my classmates.And then,most unexpectedly,she laughed.“Well,it certainly fooled me!” she said.She returned the props to me,and for a few seconds a sweet little aged lady appeared right where Miss Baugh stood.
We got back to having a class.But something had changed for me.I began to realize that,if someone like Miss Baugh had a warm heart beneath that crusty surface,then other crusty people would probably do,too.That may have been the most valuable lesson I learned.
1.Which words best describe Miss Baugh according to paragraph 1
A.Serious and experienced.
B.Easy-going and selfless.
C.Naughty and demanding.
D.Scary and narrow-minded.
2.What does the underlined word “pranks” probably mean in paragraph 2
A.Bets.　　　　　　　B.Experiments.
C.Tricks. D.Strategies.
3.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.Miss Baugh’s stare wasn’t as terrifying as before.
B.The author was given away and finally raised his hand.
C.Miss Baugh burst into laughter and gave the props back.
D.A little aged lady entered the classroom to give a lecture.
4.What valuable lesson did the author learn
A.Crusty people can be easily changed.
B.Crusty people may be friendly to others.
C.Crusty people are difficult to get along with.
D.Crusty people are sensitive to others’ feelings.
B
Do you often compare yourself to other people Comparisons can help to make decisions and motivate you but they can also pull you into a comparison trap.
Whether it’s the number of goals you’ve scored at football or how many books you’ve read,it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else.Scientists say it’s a natural behaviour that helps humans learn from each other,live happily together and achieve more.Although comparing can be good for you,it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.
Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.“Comparing up” means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However,Goddard-Hill says,“Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.” “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you.“This might make you feel you’re doing well,”says Goddard-Hill,“but it can also stop you wanting to improve.”
If your feelings depend on what other people are doing,“Surround yourself with cheerleaders,” suggests Goddard-Hill.Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your strengths rather than compare themselves to you.If you follow social media accounts that make you feel you are failing in any way,unfollow them.“Find ones that make you laugh or show you lovely places instead,” she says.Finally,focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.“The best person you can compete with is yourself,” says Goddard-Hill.
5.How does a comparison trap affect us
A.It makes us focus on our own behaviour.
B.It stops us from learning from each other.
C.It prevents us from living happily together.
D.It bases our feelings on others’ achievements.
6.What’s true about “Comparing up” and “Comparing down”
A.Both of them usually enhance our confidence.
B.Both of them have advantages and disadvantages.
C.The former is positive while the latter is negative.
D.The former makes us feel good while the latter makes us feel bad.
7.What does Goddard-Hill suggest
A.Aiming to be our best.
B.Trying to be the best.
C.Trying to be a cheerleader.
D.Valuing someone else’s achievements.
8.In which section of a magazine can you find the passage
A.Achievement. B.Entertainment.
C.Health. D.Politics.
Ⅱ.七选五
How to set up a Library of Things
Instead of cluttering(乱堆放) our homes,garages and the planet,setting up a Library of Things allows neighbours to borrow and share huge,pricey goods.　1　 But instead of borrowing books,local people are borrowing drills,pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee.Here’s how to start your own:
Talk to your neighbours
　2　 Do they feel their home is too cluttered Do they want to do their bit for the environment and spend less money Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a “wish list” of items they could borrow.
Find a space
Start small in someone’s garage or local market to see what items are most popular.Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall such as libraries or community hubs.　3　
Why start a Library of Things
We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves.We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive!　4　 Inspired by tool libraries in the US and lending libraries in Berlin,we started a small Library of Things locally and seven years later we’re running five Library of Things locations across London.
What other impact on the local area
We’ve run very successful events led by borrowers such as mending meetups,sewing classes,DIY classes.　5　 Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses at the market by using our items.And for every ￡10 someone spends on borrowing,￡8 stays locally,creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces.
A.Find out if local people need a sharing library.
B.The Library of Things has a multiplier effect locally.
C.You’ll need some money to set up your sharing library.
D.But in rural areas,a mobile sharing library could work.
E.We were also getting annoyed about waste we were creating.
F.Speak to others who have done it and are willing to share their knowledge.
G.Affordable,convenient and environmental-friendly,sharing libraries are popping up.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Dough(面团) sculpture,also known as dough flowers,1.　　　　　　(date) back to the Han Dynasty (202 BCE—220 CE).Across north China 2. the folk art is widely spread,people take dough works as religious offerings and wedding gifts.
“The dough is made of starch(淀粉),glutinous rice flour and honey,” said Liu Zenghui,a dough sculpture inheritor in Binzhou,Shandong Province.Liu started to learn dough sculpture at an early age.His works centre on 3.　　　　　　(hero) of ancient Chinese myths and classics.Each figure,4.　　　　　　 their shape,hair to the muscles and looks,is so vivid and eye-catching.
Watching Liu work is 5.　　　　　　 visual delight.After he first shapes the colorful dough into a simple outline,it 6.　　　　　　(attach) to a small stick.With a knife,thread,and toothpicks,he then refines it and eventually creates a lifelike and visually 7.　　　　　　(strike) dough sculpture.“You can’t be too careful to control the knife,because once there is a wrong cut,you need to start all over again.Concentration is fundamental,” Liu said in his quiet workshop,which ensures minimal noise and 8.(disturb).
Also,Liu is glad to be invited 9.　　　　　　(give) lectures at schools.“Making the traditional art 10.　　　　　　(access) to children is not only fun but a way to keep it alive,” he said.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假如你是李华,在某社交平台上看到一位外国小朋友Nick的求助帖。帖中说他家附近有一块三角形空地,想知道如何计算它的面积。现请你给他回帖。内容包括:
1.表示乐意帮助;
2.提供具体方法;
3.希望保持联系。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
参考词汇:三角形 triangle　垂直线 vertical line　顶点 vertex　乘 multiply　除 divide
Dear Nick,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 5　Learning from nature
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师Miss Baugh是个很可怕的人,某天作者对Miss Baugh恶作剧,结果Miss Baugh没有生气反而笑了。这让作者意识到冷峻的人可能对别人很友好。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In class,she always taught us to take school seriously.She had been teaching for a long time and I was as afraid of her as anyone,including the boys who were typically naughty in the back row.”可推知,Miss Baugh严肃且经验丰富。
2.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“One such prop had two parts:an ink bottle painted to look as though it had overturned,and a piece of shiny black metal shaped like a pool.”可知,此处描写的道具由两部分组成:一个被涂成翻倒样子的墨水瓶,还有一块闪闪发光的黑色金属,形状像一个水池。即这些是作者用来恶作剧的东西。故画线词意思是“恶作剧”。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“And then,most unexpectedly,she laughed.‘Well,it certainly fooled me!’ she said.She returned the props to me,and for a few seconds a sweet little aged lady appeared right where Miss Baugh stood.”可知,Miss Baugh放声大笑,把道具还给了作者。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I began to realize that,if someone like Miss Baugh had a warm heart beneath that crusty surface,then other crusty people would probably do,too.That may have been the most valuable lesson I learned.”可知,作者学到了冷峻的人可能对别人很友好。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在生活中,我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱,从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己,和自己比较。
5.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Although comparing can be good for you,it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.”可知,比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建立在别人的成就上。
6.B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“‘Comparing up’ means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However...well,says Goddard-Hill,but it can also stop you wanting to improve.,”可知,攀比和比差都既有优点又有缺点。
7.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Finally,focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.‘The best person you can compete with is yourself,’ says Goddard-Hill.”可知,Becky Goddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争,力争做最好的自己就好。
8.C　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.”可知,文章主要讲述的是比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱,从而产生心理问题,所以这篇文章选自健康专栏。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开设一家共享物品馆的步骤和它对社会经济产生的积极作用。
1.G　上文“Instead of cluttering our homes,garages and the planet,setting up a Library of Things allows neighbours to borrow and share huge,pricey goods.”提到要建立物品馆,可知,空处承接上文,指出物品馆出现了,与G项“价格合理、方便且环保的共享物品馆正在涌现”符合,同时和下文“But instead of borrowing books,local people are borrowing drills,pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee.”构成转折关系,说明虽然共享物品馆涌现,但是人们没有去借书而是租借了其他物品。
2.A　根据下文“Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a ‘wish list’ of items they could borrow.”可知,通过链接可以让人们对于可以借的物品进行投票是对A项“了解当地人是否需要共享物品馆”内容的承接,指出了解当地人是否对共享物品馆有需求这一问题的具体做法就是通过在网上让人们投票。
3.D　根据上文“Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall such as libraries or community hubs.”可知,上文介绍了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空间建立共享物品馆,与D项“但在农村地区,移动共享物品馆可以发挥作用”构成转折关系,表明在乡村地区共享物品馆的形式和城市中的情况有所不同。
4.E　根据上文“We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves.We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive!”可知,我们不想为搭架子的工具花钱,和E项“我们也对自己制造的浪费感到恼火”都是对小标题“为什么建立物品馆”的原因举例说明。
5.B　上文“We’ve run very successful events”及下文“Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses...creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces.”是对B项“物品馆在当地具有乘数效应”中的 multiplier effect这一概念进行了解释说明,乘数效应是指在公共工程项目之后带来的消费水平和私人投资水平的上升,因为物品馆举办的活动使人们的就业机会增加并支持了当地的社区空间。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统民间工艺品——面塑,并介绍了其传承人刘增辉及其制作面塑的过程等。
1.dates　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句谓语动词date back to无被动形式,根据上下文可知,时态为一般现在时;主语Dough sculpture为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
2.where　考查定语从句。先行词为north China,关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。
3.heroes　考查名词的数。句意:他的作品以中国古代神话和经典中的英雄人物为中心。根据后置定语“of ancient Chinese myths and classics”可知,设空处的英雄人物不止一个,用名词的复数形式。故填heroes。
4.from　考查固定搭配。句意:每个人物,从他们的轮廓、头发到肌肉和长相,都是如此生动和引人注目。from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。
5.a　考查冠词。这里为抽象名词具体化,a visual delight意为“一种视觉享受”,visual的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
6.is attached　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:他先把彩色的面团做成一个简单的轮廓,然后把它绑在一根小棍子上。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为it,和动词attach之间为被动关系。故填is attached。
7.striking　考查词性转换。句意:然后,他用刀、线和牙签对面团进行改进,最终创造出一个栩栩如生、视觉上引人注目的面塑。分析句子成分可知,设空处作定语,修饰其后的名词“dough sculpture”用形容词striking,故填striking。
8.disturbance　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,设空前的and表明此处为名词,和上文的noise保持一致,故填disturbance。
9.to give　考查非谓语动词。be invited to do sth“被邀请做某事”,故填to give。
10.accessible　考查词性转换。句意:他说:“让孩子们接触到传统艺术不仅意味着乐趣,也是一种让它保持活力的方式。”设空处作宾语补足语,用形容词,故填accessible。
Ⅳ.Dear Nick,
Learning from your post that you are curious to know how to calculate the area of the triangle space,I’m more than glad to offer you some help.
Firstly,what you need to do is find three sides of the triangle space,among which you measure the longest one.Apart from it,you can find a common point of the other two sides.Then,it is a vital step to draw a line vertically to the longest side and measure it.At last,multiply the numbers and you will get a result,half of which is the area of the triangle space.
For your better understanding,I have attached a picture of the procedures.Feel free to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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