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2024年高考英语第二次模拟考试
高三英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who is the man probably talking to
A．A shop assistant. B．His wife. C．His co worker.
2．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A．The woman’s photo. B．A scenic spot. C．A TV drama.
3．What does the man mean
A．E commerce is a double edged sword.
B．Local specialties should be exported.
C．Commercials are of no use.
4．What will the man do next
A．Close a window. B．Catch a mouse. C．Leave the room.
5．When does the conversation take place
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which year of college are the speakers in
A．The first year. B．The second year. C．The third year.
7．What did the woman do in public
A．She had a dance. B．She did jumping jacks. C．She performed a song.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What does the man expect to do on the 3rd
A．Sign a contract. B．Go on a tour. C．Return to New York.
9．What does the man finally decide to do
A．Cancel the reservation. B．Contact another airline. C．Advance the departure date.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who might the woman be
A．A hostess. B．A director. C．An actress.
11．What does the woman think of the award winning film
A．It is her personal favorite. B．It is worthy of the award. C．It is terribly disappointing.
12．What is the man going to do next
A．Call a meeting. B．Watch a video. C．Have a job interview.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man
A．A fresh graduate. B．A software engineer. C．A computer repairman.
14．What does the example of the man’s group project prove
A．He has great leadership skills. B．He is a good team player. C．He pays attention to detail.
15．How does the woman describe the man
A．Motivated. B．Creative. C．Industrious.
16．What will the woman most probably talk about next
A．The employment situation. B．The internal promotion. C．The company culture.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018
A．About $45.8 billion. B．About $58.7 billion. C．About $81 billion.
18．What is the best thing about Singapore in Nilesh Joshi’s opinion
A．It enables the disabled to live with dignity.
B．It offers the disabled accessible public transport.
C．Its tourist attractions are free for the disabled.
19．What do we know about John Morris
A．He spoke highly of the hotel rooms in Las Vegas.
B．He buys magazines 3 or 4 times a week.
C．He once lived in Sydney.
20．Where is Julie Jones employed
A．At a hotel. B．In a travel agency. C．In a publishing company.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
World Food Day Poster Contest
If you’re aged between 5 and 19 and wherever you live, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations wants to hear from you! Use your imagination and create a poster showing a world where no one is left behind and everyone has access to healthy and affordable food.
Rules:
●The registration period will end at 12:00 on Friday, November 3.
●The contest is divided into the following categories: from 5 to 8 years old, from 9 to 12years old, from 13 to 15 years old and from 16 to 19 years old.
●Participants who submit more than one poster will be disqualified.
●All artworks must be original．And posters have to be drawn or painted with pens or colored pencils or be designed digitally.
●Posters may or may not include the text．If the text is used, no more than 25 words will be accepted．Don’t include names, school names, age, contact information or photographic pictures of the competitors, etc.
●Posters can only be sent using the registration form provided for this purpose．All fields of the entry form must be completed and once the poster design has been uploaded, the SUBMIT button must be clicked.
●Only digital files in JPEG format will be accepted.
Prize:
●The selection committee will choose 15 posters in each category for the shortlist (决选名单) and inform them in December．Shortlisted candidates will receive a certificate for this achievement.
●A jury (评委会) will choose three winning posters from each category, and these winning posters will be announced on the World Food Day website.
●Winners will be promoted on FAO social media and will also receive a certificate of recognition and a surprise gift bag.
21．What is a requirement for the participants
A．They must present only one poster.
B．They must design their posters digitally.
C．They must upload their posters on Nov.3.
D．They must provide their personal information.
22．How many posters will be chosen for the shortlist in all
A．15. B．30. C．45. D．60.
23．What will happen to the winners
A．They will become members of FAO.
B．They will be introduced on FAO media.
C．They will receive a lot of money.
D．They will get many bags full of posters.
B
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old．But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release．“Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post．“I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen．“They had smoke detectors．and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could have prevented the fire．Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning．Creating the prototype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the programming, “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed．It was a really big challenge I had to go through.” she said．The final device outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy．Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors．
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera．She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, especially girls and kids of color, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many young people drop out of these areas.
24．What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs
A．She gained a lot of money in the award.
B．She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C．She set a big stage for young people her age.
D．She was junior to other winners in performance.
25．What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system
A．Her desire to win the science award.
B．Her experience of a destructive fire.
C．Her interest in computer programming.
D．Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
26．What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A．It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B．It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C．It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D．It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
27．Which of the following can best describe Shanya
A．Reliable. B．Cooperative. C．Innovative. D．Generous.
C
In the animal world, speed is king．Fast animals have a leg up in outrunning other animals, which puts them high on the food chain．It would seem that all animals would go for speed, but then there’s the sloth (树懒)．While a lion can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in only five seconds, it takes a sloth all day to cover no more than 50 meters．
Sloths live entirely in trees on a diet of leaves．And for this, they are extremely rare．While most of the land world is covered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree home．The aim of a 2016 study, says Jonathan Pauli, a University of Alabama professor of forest and wildlife ecology, was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique．“Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles”, says Pauli．“When you picture animals that live off plant leaves, they are almost all big-things like deer．What’s super interesting about sloths is that they can’t be big.”
For their research, Pauli and his Wisconsin team studied wild sloths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use of sloths, they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day．And for this, they take the cake: it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal (哺乳动物)．
“The measurement was intended to find out what it cost sloths to live over a day,”says Pauli, who adds that a diet of little but leaves lacks nutritional value and the animal’s small size doesn’t allow for overeating-so sloths need to find ways to make the most of their diets, which means using tiny amounts of energy, dramatic control of body temperature and living at an extremely slow pace．
Their reward A wonderfully widespread ecological system to call their own, one slow inch at a time.
28．Why is a lion mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To admire lions’ speed. B．To state sloths’ weakness.
C．To confirm lions’ lead position. D．To highlight sloths’ uniqueness.
29．What is the 2016 study mainly about
A．The lifestyle of sloths. B．The diet of vertebrates.
C．The species of rare animals. D．The energy use of creatures.
30．What does the underlined part “take the cake” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Break down. B．Keep on. C．Stand out. D．Grow up.
31．What can be inferred about sloths from Pauli’s words
A．Their slow pace is a balanced choice.
B．They are in face of possible extinction.
C．Their slow pace decides a tiny appetite.
D．They suffer a lot against natural enemies.
D
In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.
The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye．It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint．From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection．“Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative．We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.
Fashion is a huge polluter．According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.
It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing．From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion．This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open．Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.
32．What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2
A．The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes
B．The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.
C．The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.
D．The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.
33．How does the author illustrate Fashion is a huge polluter
A．By making a comparison.
B．By listing numbers
C．By giving examples.
D．By introducing a new topic
34．What does the underlined phrase a quiet act of rebellion in paragraph 4 refer to
A．A protest against turning to natural fiber.
B．An objection to recycling old clothing
C．A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing
D．A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry
35．What would be the most suitable title for the passage
A．The Environmental Impact of Natural Dyeing
B．The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C．Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden Presentation
D．The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How We Talk about Fear Matters
Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world．How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally.
Get the root of fear.
36 ．In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger．The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago．This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through.
Figure out the emotional meaning of fear.
Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture． 37 ．For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”．But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find out a fearful pattern.
In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages．But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise． 38 .
39
How we talk about fear changes how we react to it．When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings．In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.
In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience． 40 ．Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk more about fears
B．Change our perception of fear
C．The word fear has a long history in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families
E．This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words
F．It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it
G．This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The rural girl from India, Anjali, was born blind．However, she has always been determined to live a full and 41 life
Although poor, her parents 42 to send her to a local blind school, where she could learn to read and write in Braille At first, Anjali was scared and 43 ．She didn't know anyone, and she felt like she didn’t belong here 44 , she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient woman, who often encouraged Anjali to 45 her dreams．With Mrs Gupta’s help, she quickly 46 in her studies and made many new friends．Additionally, she participated in extracurricular activities, such as drama and music.
One day, Anjali was 47 to audition for a role in a school play．She was nervous, but she practiced her 48 for hours a day, and she finally felt ready to audition． At the audition, Anjali gave a powerful 49 ．She delivered her lines with confidence and emotion so she 50 the attention of the entire audience．Finally, she was 51 the lead role in the play.
The play was a success, and Anjali became a star．After the play, Anjali was invited to speak at a local conference on 52 ．She spoke about her experiences as a blind girl and inspired others to never give up on their dreams．She finally found her 53 , and she was ready to share it with the world.
Anjali is now an actress and a 54 speaker．She travels the world, sharing her story with others．She is a shining example of the power of 55 and perseverance.
41．A．luxury B．independent C．simple D．conventional
42．A．declined B．hesitated C．managed D．attempted
43．A．lonely B．friendly C．lively D．ugly
44．A．Hopefully B．Obviously C．Currently D．Thankfully
45．A．turn to B．look to C．take to D．stick to
46．A．stood out B．set out C．held out D．came out
47．A．spotted B．selected C．assessed D．employed
48．A．songs B．gestures C．lines D．looks
49．A．performance B．conclusion C．fulfillment D．passion
50．A．distracted B．captured C．rejected D．boosted
51．A．served B．credited C．awarded D．assumed
52．A．competition B．disability C．qualification D．responsibility
53．A．attitude B．lifestyle C．voice D．association
54．A．motivational B．humorous C．genuine D．sincere
55．A．ambition B．creativity C．honesty D．determination
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program 56 (call) the New Rural Development Initiative．The goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure (基础设施), modernize farming practices, and enhance the overall quality of life for those 57 (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure 58 includes the construction of better roads, bridges, and watering systems 59 (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 60 (technique)．By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies, such as organic farming and the use of machinery, farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 61 damaging the environment.
Furthermore, the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities．To date many an effort 62 (make) to regenerate local traditions, which not only enriches the cultural 63 (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development．The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 64 the construction of public facilities．
Through the initiative, China is working hard to create a more prosperous (繁荣的) and 65 (harmony) countryside, providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括:
1.参赛过程；
2.参赛收获。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a coastal city．The greatest pleasure in summer for them was to swim at their local beach after school．But one day they started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters．More often than not, they would find plastic bags thrown on the beach．Worse sill, as they swam in the water, some plastic bags would float around them and even stick to their legs when they walked to the shore.
They were upset and decided something needed to be done to stop the beautiful sea becoming consumed by waste．One weekend, Maria and Peter brought a big bag to the beach and determined to clean it up．Sweat streamed down from their forehead while they bent down and picked up the plastic bags．To their disappointment, after a day’s hard work, there were still many plastic bags lying on the beach or floating in the water．Going home with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almost defeated by a strong sense of failure.
That night over dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently．Noticing their low spirits, Mother asked gently, “You two looked so down．What happened ”Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a low voice, “It’s those annoying plastic bags．We tried to clean up but it was just impossible.”Understanding the pair’s disappointment, their father patted them on the back and comforted,” Well, it’s really hard for just two of you to fix such a big problem.” “Just two of us.” complained Maria and Peter, looking at each other．Suddenly, an idea lashed through their minds, their eyes shining with excitement．“Yes, that’s the point! We should make more people aware of the problem and encourage them to take action!” the pair said in chorus.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Excited and nervous they posted the video and article on WeChat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年高考英语第二次模拟考试
高三英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who is the man probably talking to
A．A shop assistant. B．His wife. C．His co worker.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Your gold necklace is so nice．I want to buy one for my wife.
W: Thanks．I think it can hold its value well．I bought it ...
M: Shush! Mr Longman is coming towards us with the meeting papers.
2．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A．The woman’s photo. B．A scenic spot. C．A TV drama.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The waterfall in this photo looks familiar.
M: It has appeared in many TV dramas, and as a result, lots of tourists visit it every day.
W: It explains the matter.
3．What does the man mean
A．E commerce is a double edged sword.
B．Local specialties should be exported.
C．Commercials are of no use.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】W: Thanks to e commerce platforms and video bloggers, the local specialities in my hometown can be traded all over China, which is entirely unexpected.
M: To some extent it is true, but many videos are too commercial．False online advertisements are emerging in an endless stream.
4．What will the man do next
A．Close a window. B．Catch a mouse. C．Leave the room.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I just found a mouse when I was cleaning my room．Please help me get it out of here.
M: All right．Well, I looked around, but I didn’t find it．Maybe it has escaped through the window．Anyway, I have to go to the gym now.
5．When does the conversation take place
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are there any workers in the burning factory
W: It is supposed to be empty, because they only work on weekdays.
M: But the factory is so badly damaged that they won’t be able to work tomorrow.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which year of college are the speakers in
A．The first year. B．The second year. C．The third year.
7．What did the woman do in public
A．She had a dance. B．She did jumping jacks. C．She performed a song.
【答案】6．B7．C
【解析】
【原文】M: The freshmen will start their military training this month.
W: Yeah．It was extremely hot during our military training at this time last year.
M: It remains fresh in my memory．I got made to do 80 jumping jacks for being late.
W: Ha ha, it was so funny．I sang a song in front of others during a break in our military training．I remember some students also performed various dances．It’s still nice to think about it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What does the man expect to do on the 3rd
A．Sign a contract. B．Go on a tour. C．Return to New York.
9．What does the man finally decide to do
A．Cancel the reservation. B．Contact another airline. C．Advance the departure date.
【答案】8．A9．C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello．What can I do for you
M: I’d like a flight from New York to Boston, leaving on the 3rd.
W: Sorry．The flights on the 3rd are fully booked.
M: I am out of luck．The same is true of another airline.
W: What about the 4th
M: Unfortunately, that won’t work for me．I’m not going on a tour．I’m meeting an important business partner．Being punctual is crucial for my chances of securing the contract.
W: I’m sorry, sir.
M: Well, please tell me what flights are available on the 2nd.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who might the woman be
A．A hostess. B．A director. C．An actress.
11．What does the woman think of the award winning film
A．It is her personal favorite. B．It is worthy of the award. C．It is terribly disappointing.
12．What is the man going to do next
A．Call a meeting. B．Watch a video. C．Have a job interview.
【答案】10．A11．B12．B
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard you took charge of the red carpet interview for the film festival yesterday.
W: Yes! I’m so proud．I had the opportunity of interviewing many movie stars, including my favorite actress Anna．She succeeded in earning the Best Actress Award．While the award winning film isn’t my personal favorite, I do believe it deserves the award.
M: Oh, that’s great to hear! Unfortunately, I missed your interview part because of an emergency meeting．Would you mind if we watch it now
W: Not at all．You know I always strive to do my best, so I’m sure it won’t let you down．Plus, your favorite movie actor Colin is in the interview.
M: What are we waiting for Let’s get started.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man
A．A fresh graduate. B．A software engineer. C．A computer repairman.
14．What does the example of the man’s group project prove
A．He has great leadership skills. B．He is a good team player. C．He pays attention to detail.
15．How does the woman describe the man
A．Motivated. B．Creative. C．Industrious.
16．What will the woman most probably talk about next
A．The employment situation. B．The internal promotion. C．The company culture.
【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．B
【解析】
【原文】W: Could you please introduce yourself
M: Yes．My name is Peter Barnes．I recently graduated with a degree in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University．During my studies, I developed a strong passion for software development and worked on various projects, including an internship at ABC Tech, where I gained some experience in programming.
W: That sounds impressive．We value teamwork here．Can you provide an example of a time when you worked effectively in a team
M: Absolutely．During my senior year, I participated in a group project．I took on the task of making slides．I actively listened to everyone else’s ideas and maintained a positive atmosphere．We delivered the project on time and won first place.
W: Excellent．Attention to detail is also crucial in our industry．How do you ensure the accuracy of your work
M: Before starting a task, I carefully analyze the requirements, break it down into smaller subtasks, and create a detailed plan．Additionally, I always ask for and welcome feedback from others to continuously minimize errors.
W: Good．I appreciate employees who take the initiative in their work．Finally, do you have any questions for us
M: Yes．I’d like to inquire about the professional development opportunities within the company.
W: Sure...
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018
A．About $45.8 billion. B．About $58.7 billion. C．About $81 billion.
18．What is the best thing about Singapore in Nilesh Joshi’s opinion
A．It enables the disabled to live with dignity.
B．It offers the disabled accessible public transport.
C．Its tourist attractions are free for the disabled.
19．What do we know about John Morris
A．He spoke highly of the hotel rooms in Las Vegas.
B．He buys magazines 3 or 4 times a week.
C．He once lived in Sydney.
20．Where is Julie Jones employed
A．At a hotel. B．In a travel agency. C．In a publishing company.
【答案】17．B18．A19．A20．C
【解析】
【原文】What do disabled travelers look for when choosing a city to visit
In 2018, the value of the so called “purple pound” (the spending power of disabled people) to UK tourism was estimated at ￡15.3 billion, while 27 million travelers with disabilities in the US took 81 million trips and spent about $58.7 billion (￡45.8 billion) in that same year.
There was a survey about a city’s appeal to disabled travelers．Now, let’s find out what the respondents think of the top 3 cities—Singapore, Las Vegas and Sydney.
According to Nilesh Joshi, who has mobility challenges but doesn’t use a wheelchair, “Singapore allows me to independently move around using public transport.”
Overwhelmingly, however, the most important factor for survey respondents was not physical accessibility but being treated with understanding and respect．Joshi said, “Always smiling, welcoming and helpful, the people of Singapore make a big difference for the disabled to feel accepted and looked after.” Besides, one of Singapore’s major tourist attractions, Gardens by the Bay, is fully wheelchair accessible.
According to prominent wheelchair blogger John Morris, who visits Las Vegas 3 or 4 times a year, “The city has one of the highest concentrations of accessible hotel rooms in the world.”
Julie Jones, publisher of Travel Without Limits, the world’s only print magazine dedicated to accessible travel, praises Sydney’s accessibility．She said, “The majority of the public transport system is accessible to wheelchair users.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
World Food Day Poster Contest
If you’re aged between 5 and 19 and wherever you live, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations wants to hear from you! Use your imagination and create a poster showing a world where no one is left behind and everyone has access to healthy and affordable food.
Rules:
●The registration period will end at 12:00 on Friday, November 3.
●The contest is divided into the following categories: from 5 to 8 years old, from 9 to 12years old, from 13 to 15 years old and from 16 to 19 years old.
●Participants who submit more than one poster will be disqualified.
●All artworks must be original．And posters have to be drawn or painted with pens or colored pencils or be designed digitally.
●Posters may or may not include the text．If the text is used, no more than 25 words will be accepted．Don’t include names, school names, age, contact information or photographic pictures of the competitors, etc.
●Posters can only be sent using the registration form provided for this purpose．All fields of the entry form must be completed and once the poster design has been uploaded, the SUBMIT button must be clicked.
●Only digital files in JPEG format will be accepted.
Prize:
●The selection committee will choose 15 posters in each category for the shortlist (决选名单) and inform them in December．Shortlisted candidates will receive a certificate for this achievement.
●A jury (评委会) will choose three winning posters from each category, and these winning posters will be announced on the World Food Day website.
●Winners will be promoted on FAO social media and will also receive a certificate of recognition and a surprise gift bag.
21．What is a requirement for the participants
A．They must present only one poster.
B．They must design their posters digitally.
C．They must upload their posters on Nov.3.
D．They must provide their personal information.
22．How many posters will be chosen for the shortlist in all
A．15. B．30. C．45. D．60.
23．What will happen to the winners
A．They will become members of FAO.
B．They will be introduced on FAO media.
C．They will receive a lot of money.
D．They will get many bags full of posters.
【答案】21．A 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界粮食日海报大赛的参赛规则。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中“Participants who submit more than one poster will be disqualified.(提交多于一张海报的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。)”可知，对参赛者的要求是他们只能提交一张海报。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中第二点“The contest is divided into the following categories: from 5 to 8 years old, from 9 to 12years old, from 13 to 15 years old and from 16 to 19 years old.(比赛分为5 - 8岁、9 - 12岁、13 - 15岁和16 - 19岁。)”可知，比赛分四个类别；再根据Prize部分中“The selection committee will choose 15 posters in each category for the shortlist(决选名单) and inform them in December.(评选委员会将在每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，并于12月通知他们。)”可知，每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，共四个类别，所以共60张海报会进入决选名单。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据文章Prize部分中最后一点“Winners will be promoted on FAO social media and will also receive a certificate of recognition and a surprise gift bag.(获奖者将在粮农组织社交媒体上进行宣传，并将获得认可证书和惊喜礼品袋。)”可知，获奖者将在粮农组织媒体上被宣传。故选B项。
B
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old．But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release．“Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post．“I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen．“They had smoke detectors．and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could have prevented the fire．Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning．Creating the prototype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the programming, “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed．It was a really big challenge I had to go through.” she said．The final device outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy．Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors．
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera．She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, especially girls and kids of color, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many young people drop out of these areas.
24．What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs
A．She gained a lot of money in the award.
B．She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C．She set a big stage for young people her age.
D．She was junior to other winners in performance.
25．What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system
A．Her desire to win the science award.
B．Her experience of a destructive fire.
C．Her interest in computer programming.
D．Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
26．What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A．It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B．It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C．It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D．It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
27．Which of the following can best describe Shanya
A．Reliable. B．Cooperative. C．Innovative. D．Generous.
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．B 27．C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统。文章介绍了这种系统开发背后的灵感来源以及优点。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity(顶级获奖者表现出了无限的好奇心)”可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的天性。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆)”可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使Shanya开发她的火灾探测系统。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning.(该设备配有热像仪和Raspberry Pi，配有一台微型计算机，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它就会检测到，并发出短信警告)”可知，Shanya的发明优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据第一段“But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.(但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统)”可推知，Shanya发明了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
C
In the animal world, speed is king．Fast animals have a leg up in outrunning other animals, which puts them high on the food chain．It would seem that all animals would go for speed, but then there’s the sloth (树懒)．While a lion can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in only five seconds, it takes a sloth all day to cover no more than 50 meters．
Sloths live entirely in trees on a diet of leaves．And for this, they are extremely rare．While most of the land world is covered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree home．The aim of a 2016 study, says Jonathan Pauli, a University of Alabama professor of forest and wildlife ecology, was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique．“Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles”, says Pauli．“When you picture animals that live off plant leaves, they are almost all big-things like deer．What’s super interesting about sloths is that they can’t be big.”
For their research, Pauli and his Wisconsin team studied wild sloths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use of sloths, they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day．And for this, they take the cake: it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal (哺乳动物)．
“The measurement was intended to find out what it cost sloths to live over a day,”says Pauli, who adds that a diet of little but leaves lacks nutritional value and the animal’s small size doesn’t allow for overeating-so sloths need to find ways to make the most of their diets, which means using tiny amounts of energy, dramatic control of body temperature and living at an extremely slow pace．
Their reward A wonderfully widespread ecological system to call their own, one slow inch at a time.
28．Why is a lion mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To admire lions’ speed. B．To state sloths’ weakness.
C．To confirm lions’ lead position. D．To highlight sloths’ uniqueness.
29．What is the 2016 study mainly about
A．The lifestyle of sloths. B．The diet of vertebrates.
C．The species of rare animals. D．The energy use of creatures.
30．What does the underlined part “take the cake” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Break down. B．Keep on. C．Stand out. D．Grow up.
31．What can be inferred about sloths from Pauli’s words
A．Their slow pace is a balanced choice.
B．They are in face of possible extinction.
C．Their slow pace decides a tiny appetite.
D．They suffer a lot against natural enemies.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了树懒的独特生活方式和适应策略。虽然速度在动物界很重要，但树懒却以它们的缓慢生活而闻名。树懒生活在树上，以树叶为食，它们的能量消耗非常低。树懒采取了低能量消耗、控制体温和缓慢生活的方式来适应以树叶为食的生活。虽然树懒消耗的能量很少，但它们拥有自己独特的生态系统。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fast animals have a leg up in outrunning other animals, which puts them high on the food chain．It would seem that all animals would go for speed, but then there’s the sloth (树懒)．While a lion can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in only five seconds, it takes a sloth all day to cover no more than 50 meters.(速度快的动物比其他动物跑得快，这使它们处于食物链的高位。似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外。狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米。)”可知，似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外，由此文章指出狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米，此处提到了狮子的速度，与接下来讲述树懒的缓慢相对比，从而强调树懒的独特之处。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The aim of a 2016 study, says Jonathan Pauli, a University of Alabama professor of forest and wildlife ecology, was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique．(阿拉巴马大学森林和野生动物生态学教授Jonathan Pauli表示，2016年一项研究的目的是帮助揭示树懒确实如此独特的原因。)”以及““Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles”, says Pauli．(“在脊椎动物中，这是最罕见的生活方式，” Pauli说。)”可知，2016年一项研究的目的是为了揭示树懒生活方式为什么如此独特。故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Wisconsin team studied wild sloths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use of sloths, they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day．(威斯康辛州的一个研究小组在野外研究了野生树懒。当研究人员测量树懒的能量消耗时，他们发现树懒每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里。)”以及划线词后面的内容“it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal(这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的。)”可知，就树懒的能量消耗，其每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里，这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的，因为这一特点使得树懒脱颖而出（与众不同）。故划线词与C选项“Stand out.(脱颖而出)”为同义词短语。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““The measurement was intended to find out what it cost sloths to live over a day,”says Pauli, who adds that a diet of little but leaves lacks nutritional value and the animal’s small size doesn’t allow for overeating-so sloths need to find ways to make the most of their diets, which means using tiny amounts of energy, dramatic control of body temperature and living at an extremely slow pace.( “这次测量的目的是找出树懒在一天中生活所需的成本，”Pauli说道，他补充说，只吃树叶的饮食缺乏营养价值，而树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活。)”可知，因为树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活，即树懒缓慢的步调是为了适应以树叶为食的生活，并让它们能够最大限度地利用自己的食物，由此推断它们缓慢的节奏是一个平衡的选择。故选A。
D
In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.
The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye．It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint．From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection．“Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative．We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.
Fashion is a huge polluter．According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.
It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing．From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion．This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open．Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.
32．What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2
A．The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes
B．The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.
C．The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.
D．The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.
33．How does the author illustrate Fashion is a huge polluter
A．By making a comparison.
B．By listing numbers
C．By giving examples.
D．By introducing a new topic
34．What does the underlined phrase a quiet act of rebellion in paragraph 4 refer to
A．A protest against turning to natural fiber.
B．An objection to recycling old clothing
C．A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing
D．A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry
35．What would be the most suitable title for the passage
A．The Environmental Impact of Natural Dyeing
B．The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C．Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden Presentation
D．The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了天然染色工艺的回归。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint．From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection．(然而，如果不是因为人们对时尚的沉重足迹不断感到不安，这种做法不太可能以同样的方式流行起来。从碳排放到虐待动物，时尚都受到了严格的检查。)”可知，时尚业也存在碳排放到虐待动物问题，所以人们感到不适是因为时尚产业令人不安的后果。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fashion is a huge polluter．According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them．(时尚是一个巨大的污染者。根据联合国环境规划署的数据，服装业造成的水污染占所有工业水污染的五分之一，原因是如今大多数服装都是在监管薄弱、执法不力的较贫穷国家生产的。废水被直接排入河流和小溪，污染了土地，也污染了赖以生存的人和动物的水源。)”可知，这一段用实际例子来说明时尚是一个巨大的污染源。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing．From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion．(很容易理解为什么一个关心人类、地球和动物以及衣服的人会转向天然植物染色。从原材料的美丽，到只与天然纤维结合的特性，从回收旧衣服随着时间的推移变灰或褪色的微小足迹，到充满活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感觉像是一种安静的反叛行为。)”可知，这里描述植物染色和化学染色不一样，所以它是对化学染色的反抗，是对可持续发展的维护，所以画线部分的意思应该是“为可持续发展而做斗争”。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years．(2022年，活动组织“切尔西时尚革命”为其切尔西花展的展示染了一座花园。自然染色是一种古老的工艺，它的时代又来了，近年来，手工扎染时尚也卷土重来。)”可知，本文主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归。B项“自然染色的回归与伦理诉求”符合本文的标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How We Talk about Fear Matters
Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world．How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally.
Get the root of fear.
36 ．In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger．The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago．This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through.
Figure out the emotional meaning of fear.
Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture． 37 ．For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”．But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find out a fearful pattern.
In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages．But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise． 38 .
39
How we talk about fear changes how we react to it．When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings．In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.
In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience． 40 ．Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk more about fears
B．Change our perception of fear
C．The word fear has a long history in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families
E．This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words
F．It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it
G．This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense
【答案】36．C 37．E 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。
36．下文“In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger．The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The word fear has a long history in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
37．上文“Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”．But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxious”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxious”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38．上文“In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages．But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austronesian languages”。故选G项。
39．设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“How we talk about fear changes how we react to it．When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings．In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change our perception of fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。
40．上文“In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The rural girl from India, Anjali, was born blind．However, she has always been determined to live a full and 41 life
Although poor, her parents 42 to send her to a local blind school, where she could learn to read and write in Braille At first, Anjali was scared and 43 ．She didn't know anyone, and she felt like she didn’t belong here 44 , she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient woman, who often encouraged Anjali to 45 her dreams．With Mrs Gupta’s help, she quickly 46 in her studies and made many new friends．Additionally, she participated in extracurricular activities, such as drama and music.
One day, Anjali was 47 to audition for a role in a school play．She was nervous, but she practiced her 48 for hours a day, and she finally felt ready to audition． At the audition, Anjali gave a powerful 49 ．She delivered her lines with confidence and emotion so she 50 the attention of the entire audience．Finally, she was 51 the lead role in the play.
The play was a success, and Anjali became a star．After the play, Anjali was invited to speak at a local conference on 52 ．She spoke about her experiences as a blind girl and inspired others to never give up on their dreams．She finally found her 53 , and she was ready to share it with the world.
Anjali is now an actress and a 54 speaker．She travels the world, sharing her story with others．She is a shining example of the power of 55 and perseverance.
41．A．luxury B．independent C．simple D．conventional
42．A．declined B．hesitated C．managed D．attempted
43．A．lonely B．friendly C．lively D．ugly
44．A．Hopefully B．Obviously C．Currently D．Thankfully
45．A．turn to B．look to C．take to D．stick to
46．A．stood out B．set out C．held out D．came out
47．A．spotted B．selected C．assessed D．employed
48．A．songs B．gestures C．lines D．looks
49．A．performance B．conclusion C．fulfillment D．passion
50．A．distracted B．captured C．rejected D．boosted
51．A．served B．credited C．awarded D．assumed
52．A．competition B．disability C．qualification D．responsibility
53．A．attitude B．lifestyle C．voice D．association
54．A．motivational B．humorous C．genuine D．sincere
55．A．ambition B．creativity C．honesty D．determination
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anjali一出生就是盲人，但是她没有放弃自己，在父母的支持下她在盲人学校学习，在这里她遇到了Gupta老师，老师鼓励她坚持自己的梦想，最终Anjali坚持追逐自己的梦想，成为了一名演员和励志演说家。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她始终立志要过充实独立的生活。A．luxury奢侈的；B．independent独立的；C．simple简单的；D．conventional传统的。上文“The rural girl from India, Anjali, was born blind”提到Anjali出生时就看不见东西，由however可知，前后是转折关系，但是她立志要过充实简单的生活，故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很穷，她的父母还是设法将她送到当地的盲人学校，在那里她可以学习盲文读写。A．declined拒绝；B．hesitated犹豫；C．managed设法做到；D．attempted试图。manage to do sth.固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”，由上文“Although poor,”和下文“to send her to a local blind school, where she could learn to read and write in Braille”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然她家里很穷，但是她父母还设法送她到当地盲人学校，故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，Anjali感到害怕和孤独。A．lonely孤独的；B．friendly友好的；C．lively活泼的；D．ugly丑陋的。由下文“She didn’t know anyone”可在，在盲人学校她不认识任何人，所以感到很孤单，故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．Hopefully有希望地；B．Obviously显然地；C．Currently目前；D．Thankfully感恩地；幸亏。由下文“she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient woman, who often encouraged Anjali to ____45____ her dreams.”可知，Gupta夫人是一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，由此可知，幸亏，Anjali遇到Gupta夫人，故选D。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．turn to求助于；B．look to寻求；C．take to开始从事；D．stick to坚持。由上文“who often encouraged Anjali to”可知，Gupta夫人经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，故选D。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出，结交了许多新朋友。A．stood out突出，脱颖而出；B．set out出发；C．held out坚持；D．came out出来。由上文“With Mrs Gupta’s help”可知，在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Anjali被选中去试镜学校戏剧中的一个角色。A．spotted认出；B．selected挑选；C．assessed评价；D．employed利用。由下文“to audition for a role in a school play．”和“she practiced”可知，Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很紧张，但是她每天都要练习几个小时的台词，最后她觉得自己已经准备好面试了。A．songs歌曲；B．gestures姿势；C．lines线；台词；D．looks容貌。上文“One day, Anjali was ___47____ to audition for a role in a school play.”提到Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色可知，她应该是练习台词，故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海选中，Anjali的表演很有感染力。A．performance表演；B．conclusion总结；C．fulfillment成就；D．passion激情。由下文“She delivered her lines with confidence and emotion”可知，她充满自信和情感地表达了她的台词，这说明她的表演很有感染力，故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的台词充满自信和情感，吸引了全场观众的注意力。A．distracted使分心；B．captured捕获，吸引；C．rejected拒绝；D．boosted增加。由上文“She delivered her lines with confidence and emotion”可知，她充满自信和情感地说出了她的台词，由此可知，这吸引了全场观众的注意，故选B。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，她获得了该剧的女主角。A．served服务；B．credited信任；C．awarded授予；D．assumed假设。由下文“The play was a success, and Anjali became a star”可知，她出演了话剧，由此可知，她获得了该剧的女主角，故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：演出结束后，Anjali受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲。A．competition竞争；B．disability残疾；C．qualification资格；D．responsibility责任。由下文“She spoke about her experiences as a blind girl and inspired others to never give up on their dreams”可知，她发表了演讲，讲述了自己作为一个盲人女孩的经历，并鼓励其他人永远不要放弃自己的梦想，由此可推知，她作为残疾人，应该是受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲，故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于找到了自己的声音，并准备与世界分享。A．attitude态度；B．lifestyle生活方式；C．voice声音；D．association协会。由下文“Anjali is now an actress and a ___14____ speaker.”可知，她成为了一名演说家，这说明她通过声音实现了自己的梦想，故选C。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anjali现在是一名演员和励志演说家。A．motivational动机的；励志的；B．humorous幽默的；C．genuine真的；真诚的；D．sincere真诚的。由下文“She travels the world, sharing her story with others.”可知，她去世界各地分享自己的故事，这说明她是一个励志的演说家，故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是决心和毅力力量的光辉典范。A．ambition雄心；B．creativity创造力；C．honesty真诚；D．determination决心。由下文“and perseverance.”可知，Anjali虽然是一个盲人，但是她不放弃追逐自己的梦想，这说明她很有决心和毅力，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program 56 (call) the New Rural Development Initiative．The goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure (基础设施), modernize farming practices, and enhance the overall quality of life for those 57 (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure 58 includes the construction of better roads, bridges, and watering systems 59 (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 60 (technique)．By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies, such as organic farming and the use of machinery, farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 61 damaging the environment.
Furthermore, the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities．To date many an effort 62 (make) to regenerate local traditions, which not only enriches the cultural 63 (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development．The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 64 the construction of public facilities．
Through the initiative, China is working hard to create a more prosperous (繁荣的) and 65 (harmony) countryside, providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
【答案】56．called 57．living38．that##which 59．to improve 60．techniques 61．without 62．has been made 63．diversity 64．and 65．harmonious
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。结合语境应用过去分词短语作定语。故填called。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，live与逻辑主语those构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填living。
58.考查定语从句。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词improvement，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。分析句子结构可知，improve在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to improve。
60.考查名词复数。句意：另一个重点是推广现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
61.考查介词。句意：通过引进先进的农业方法和技术，如有机农业和机械的使用，农民能够在不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不，没有”应用介词without。故填without。
62.考查时态语态。句意：我们已经付出努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境此处可知，to date 表示“到现在为止”，应与现在完成时连用；many a/an后接单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数。故填has been made。
63.考查名词。句意：我们正在努力/已经努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处作动词的宾语，应用名词diversity“多样性”，不可数。故填diversity。
64.考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环境。此处the restoration of traditional houses与后文the construction of public facilities为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
65.考查形容词。句意：通过“一带一路”建设，中国正在努力建设一个更加繁荣和谐的农村，为农村居民提供更好的机会，提高生活质量。此处修饰名词countryside，应用形容词harmonious“和谐的”，作定语。故填harmonious。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括:
1.参赛过程；
2.参赛收获。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
How’s everything going I’m writing to share my experience in the high school English speech contest of the city last week.
With weeks of practice beforehand, I walked to the stage confidently and hopefully．Fear seized me for some seconds before I recovered myself and delivered my speech fluently．All my efforts finally paid off when there came thunderous applause—I won the first prize.
Though challenging, the contest turned out rewarding．As the saying goes, you reap what you sow．
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得。
【详解】1.词汇积累
竞赛：contest→competition
恢复：recover→restore
最终：finally→eventually
值得的：rewarding→worthwhile
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to share my experience in the high school English speech contest of the city last week.
拓展句：I’m writing to share my experience in the high school English speech contest of the city, which was held successfully last week.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Fear seized me for some seconds before I recovered myself and delivered my speech fluently.（运用了before引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]As the saying goes, you reap what you sow.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a coastal city．The greatest pleasure in summer for them was to swim at their local beach after school．But one day they started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters．More often than not, they would find plastic bags thrown on the beach．Worse sill, as they swam in the water, some plastic bags would float around them and even stick to their legs when they walked to the shore.
They were upset and decided something needed to be done to stop the beautiful sea becoming consumed by waste．One weekend, Maria and Peter brought a big bag to the beach and determined to clean it up．Sweat streamed down from their forehead while they bent down and picked up the plastic bags．To their disappointment, after a day’s hard work, there were still many plastic bags lying on the beach or floating in the water．Going home with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almost defeated by a strong sense of failure.
That night over dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently．Noticing their low spirits, Mother asked gently, “You two looked so down．What happened ”Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a low voice, “It’s those annoying plastic bags．We tried to clean up but it was just impossible.”Understanding the pair’s disappointment, their father patted them on the back and comforted,” Well, it’s really hard for just two of you to fix such a big problem.” “Just two of us.” complained Maria and Peter, looking at each other．Suddenly, an idea lashed through their minds, their eyes shining with excitement．“Yes, that’s the point! We should make more people aware of the problem and encourage them to take action!” the pair said in chorus.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Excited and nervous they posted the video and article on WeChat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning．Maria and Peter decided to take advantage of the Internet．“Maybe we can write an article to arouse people's awareness.” Maria proposed．“Good idea! We can also make a video!" Peter added．The next few hours witnessed their heated discussion and growing confidence in a clean and beautiful coast．The next day, they went to the beach and filmed a short video showing plastic bags lying on the beach and floating in the sea．Peter, who was good at writing, wrote an article talking about the present situation of the beach and asking people to take part in the clean-up．
Excited and nervous, they posted the video and article on WeChat．To their amazement, their post went viral online immediately．Countless comments flooded in saying how heartbroken they were when looking at the polluted beach and ocean．What amazed Maria and Peter more was that numerous people in their community, encouraged by their efforts, offered to join in their clean-up．More and more people came to the beach to collect plastic bags and they also appealed to others to avoid throwing or using plastic bags．A year later, with their joint and continuous effort, the coast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their long-awaited pleasure.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了住在沿海城市的玛丽亚和彼得发现塑料袋被扔在海滩上，对此很苦恼，决定要做点什么来阻止美丽的大海被浪费掉。于是他们决定通过在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。视频和文章得到了人们积极响应。在大家的共同和持续努力下，海岸恢复了美丽。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“两人很快吃完晚饭，上楼开始计划。”可知，第一段可描写Maria and Peter商量对策，决定在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。
②由第二段首句内容“他们既兴奋又紧张，在微信上发布了这段视频和文章。”可知，第二段可描写视频和文章在网上发布后得到的反应以及大家的行动和结果。
2.续写线索：商量——做视频——呼吁——反应——行动——沙滩变美
3.词汇激活
行为类
①利用：take advantage of /make use of
②建议：propose/suggest /advise
③鼓舞：encourage/inspire
情绪类
①惊讶：amazement /surprise
②伤心：heartbroken /broken-hearted/sad
【点睛】
[高分句型1]．Peter, who was good at writing, wrote an article talking about the present situation of the beach and asking people to take part in the clean-up.（运用了关系代词who引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2]．Countless comments flooded in saying how heartbroken they were when looking at the polluted beach and ocean.（由连接词how引导的宾语从句作saying的宾语）
[高分句型3]．What amazed Maria and Peter more was that numerous people in their community, encouraged by their efforts, offered to join in their clean-up.（由连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）

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