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2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）
英语
2024.3
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
EYLEA
Consumer Brief Summary
This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.
What is EYLEA
EYLEA is a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF）, which can cause fluid to leak into the macula(视网膜黄斑).
What is EYLEA used for
EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with:
·Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion(RVO)
·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)
·Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)
How is EYLEA given
EYLEA is an injection(注射)administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules. Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.
What are the most common side effects of EYLEA
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
For more possible side effects, ask your eye doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call1-800-FDA-1088.
What should I tell my eye doctor before receiving EYLEA
·Infections in or around the eye
·Eye pain or redness
·Being allergic to any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being or planning to be pregnant
Where can I learn more about EYLEA
For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and see the full information at .
1. Who is the passage intended for
A Eye doctors. B. Medicine students.
C. Drug researchers. D. Patients with eye conditions.
2. How can you learn more about EYLEA
A. Visit . B. Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch. D. Talk to a medical professor.
3. What is this text
A. A medical report. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A healthcare contract. D. A piece of medical instructions.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一份关于 EYLEA药的使用说明书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Consumer Brief Summary中“This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及What is EYLEA used for 中“EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with(EYLEA适用于治疗...的病人)”可知，该文章是为患有眼部疾病的患者准备的。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and see the full information at .(有关EYLEA安全和风险信息的更全面了解，请与您的医疗保健提供者联系，并在查看完整信息。)”可知，读者可以访问了解更多关于EYLEA的信息。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及下文可知，这篇文章是一份关于 EYLEA药的使用说明书。故选D项。
B
Watford and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimore for generations. Her community has faced environmental injustice. Heavy industries continued to move in her community. As a result, her neighbors have had to live with serious respiratory (呼吸的) problems.
When she knew a plan to build the nation’s largest trash-burning incinerator (焚化炉) less than a mile away from her high school, she realized she had to take action. The incinerator was being sold wrongly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it would be a source of brain-damaging chemicals and would release 200 million tons of greenhouse gases per year, both worse than coal burning. Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn her community to work together to shut this plant down.
She co-founded Free Your Voice (FYV), a 10-person student organization devoted to community rights and social justice. Together, they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers, the incinerator’s developer. They went door-to-door talking to neighbors and organizing protests.
When it was discovered that Baltimore City Public Schools (BCPS) was going to be a customer of Energy Answers, the organization fought with the board and presented their case, urging BCPS to withdraw from the project. BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract, which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same. Without any financial gain, Energy Answers had no market to move forward with its plan.
Watford continues to work with Curtis Bay residents toward fair development. They have a vision for the future which includes building a zero-waste movement, a solar farm, and green jobs. She wants the entire human family to join the fight for environmental justice because survival as a species depends on our ability to take action.
4. What caused respiratory problems in Watford’s community
A. Poor medical care. B. Terrible environmental conditions.
C. Constant bacterial infection. D. Unbalanced distribution of resources.
5. What is Watford’s attitude to building the incinerator
A. Unfavourable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent.
6. What was the result of their campaign
A. BCPS lost financial support. B. Energy Answers stopped its plan.
C. The investors found new market. D. Many customers revised their contracts.
7. What would be the best title for the text
A. A teenage hero against urban pollution
B. A teenage hero fighting for an advanced city
C. A battle for Baltimore’s sky by a teenage hero
D. The social justice challenge for a teenage hero
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watford所在社区出现健康问题，Watford和另外9个学生成立Free Your Voice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her community has faced environmental injustice. Heavy industries continued to move in her community. As a result, her neighbors have had to live with serious respiratory (呼吸的) problems.(她的社区面临着环境的不公正。重工业继续往她的社区迁移。结果，她的邻居不得不忍受严重的呼吸问题)”可知，恶劣的环境条件导致Watford社区出现呼吸问题，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn her community to work together to shut this plant down.(Watford觉得她有责任警告她的社区共同努力关闭这家工厂)”可知，Watford不支持建立垃圾焚化炉，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract, which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same. Without any financial gain, Energy Answers had no market to move forward with its plan.(BCPS被说服取消了合同，这反过来又激励了其他22家客户也这样做。没有任何经济收益，Energy Answers就没有市场来推进其计划)”可知，Watford发起的运动结果是迫使开发商Energy Answers停止了其计划。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Together, they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers, the incinerator’s developer.(他们一起决定发起一场运动，打倒垃圾焚烧炉的开发商Energy Answers)”和最后一段中“She wants the entire human family to join the fight for environmental justice because survival as a species depends on our ability to take action.(她希望整个人类大家庭都加入到环境正义的斗争中来，因为作为一个物种的生存取决于我们采取行动的能力)”可知，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watford所在社区出现健康问题，Watford和另外9个学生成立Free Your Voice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停，C项“少年英雄为巴尔的摩的天空而战”为最佳标题，故选C。
C
Humans work hard to avoid viruses. Sick people are isolated, diseased animals are killed and fields of infected crops are fired up. Reviving(复活)an ancient virus would surely be a disaster.
But a new study led by Fiddamanfrom Oxford, challenges this conventional wisdom. It shows how the revival of an ancient virus can unlock the secrets of its evolution.
The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus(MDV), killing more than 90% of chickens. Yet when it was discovered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.
Dr Fiddaman wondered whether its new-found virulence(毒性)was a result of large structural changes. To find out, he and his colleagues got their hands on nearly 1,000 chicken bones from ancient times across Europe and Asia, some of them up to 2000 years old. Sections of DNA from these remains were mapped on to the ones of today’s virus.
As the authors pieced together the sets of genes of ancient MDV, however, they noticed that the genes were arranged identically to those in modern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from large structural changes, but from point mutations(突变). In particular, changes had occurred in the arrangement of a gene called MEQ, which has an essential role in tumour(肿瘤)formation.
This discovery suggests that the ancient MDV may not have been able to cause tumours. To test this assumption, Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it into living chicken cells. It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation. In comparison, a modern MEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.
By combining ancient and modern genetic biology, the methods pioneered in the paper reveal how, and more importantly why, any virus mutates. That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings of farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), for instance— or even to work out how to prevent another global pandemic.
8. What is widely acknowledged about the revival of an ancient virus
A. It is a challenging task. B. It reveals the virus evolution.
C. It means a disaster for humans. D. It helps people fight diseases.
9. What caused the virulence change of MDV
A. Point mutations in MEQ. B. The occurrance of a new gene.
C. The reproduction of the ancient MDV. D. Large structural changes in modern species.
10. How did Dr Fiddaman test the assumption
A. By investigating a typical case. B. By conducting a field survey.
C. By studying the related theories. D. By doing a comparative experiment.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.
B. The finding throws light on handling other viruses.
C. A global pandemic requires a world effort to end it.
D. Farmers will face more complex challenges than before.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述牛津大学的Fiddamanf领导的一项新研究来展示了一种古老病毒的复活如何解开其进化的秘密。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Humans work hard to avoid viruses. Sick people are isolated, diseased animals are killed and fields of infected crops are fired up. Reviving（复活）an ancient virus would surely be a disaster.(人类努力躲避病毒。病人被隔离，患病的动物被杀死，被感染的作物被点燃。复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。 )”可知，普遍认为，复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段“It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from large structural changes, but from point mutations(突变). In particular, changes had occurred in the arrangement of a gene called MEQ, which has an essential role in tumour(肿瘤)formation.(这表明毒力的增加不是由大的结构变化引起的，而是由点突变引起的。特别是，一种名为MEQ的基因的排列发生了变化，该基因在肿瘤形成中起着重要作用。)”可知，MEQ点突变引起MDV毒力变化。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“To test this assumption, Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it into living chicken cells. It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation. In comparison, a modern MEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.(为了验证这一假设，Fiddaman博士进行了一项大胆的实验。他制造了古老的MEQ基因，并将其注射到活的鸡细胞中。它没有启动任何与肿瘤形成相关的基因。相比之下，现代的MEQ基因很快就显示出了导致肿瘤的趋势。)”可知，Fiddaman博士通过做一个比较实验来验证这一假设。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“By combining ancient and modern genetic biology, the methods pioneered in the paper reveal how, and more importantly why, any virus mutates. That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings of farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), for instance— or even to work out how to prevent another global pandemic.(通过结合古代和现代基因生物学，论文中开创的方法揭示了任何病毒是如何变异的，更重要的是为什么变异。这可能有助于科学家应对其它影响农民钱包的病毒——例如，通过设计新的疫苗——甚至研究如何预防另一场全球大流行。)”可知，这一发现为处理其它病毒提供了线索。故选B项。
D
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972, he referred to his subjects — a Ugandan group called the Ik — as “the loveless people.” After two years of observations, he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts (本能): cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look, they identified a community that shared everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine (饥荒). All he saw is what happens when people are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought. “It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives.” she says. By studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist, the experts from the Project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points. They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need without expecting any repayment. Also, a world away, in New Mexico, while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return, they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties, such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems. Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone. Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live, which means millions of Americans can’t afford it. But in a system built on neighboring, pooled costs (合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.
12. What did Turnbull think of the Ik people
A. Heartless. B. Helpful. C. Restless. D. Generous.
13. What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B. Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C. Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D. Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
14. What does paragraph 3 intend to convey
A. Friendships guarantee a well-being life. B. Folks assist each other to get support.
C. Cooperation is a good and natural instinct. D. People tend to provide resources for free.
15. How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings
A. By designing a policy for public health.
B. By monitoring individual health histories.
C. By creating a system against collective hardship.
D. By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述Athena Aktipis通过研究一个乌干达群体Ik人发现，他们非常重视互相帮助，Aktipis认为利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益，可以通过合作建立一个对抗集体困难的制度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972, he referred to his subjects — a Ugandan group called the Ik — as ‘the loveless people.’(当美国人类学家Colin Turnbull在1972年出版The Mountain People时，他把他的研究对象——一个叫做Ik的乌干达群体——称为‘无爱的人’)”可知，Turnbull认为Ik人很无情，故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段末句“But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.(但她的团队透露，尽管生活在压力之下，但Ik人非常重视在可能的情况下互相帮助)”及划线词下文“It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives.(人们被认为只会做有利于自己或亲人的事情)”可知，Ik人会互相帮助，故划线词所在句意为“Aktipis认为，利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益”，altruism意为“利他主义”，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points. They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need, without expecting any repayment. Also, a world away, in New Mexico, while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return, they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties, such as an injury or the death of a loved one.(肯尼亚的马赛人提供了该项目的主要观点之一。当他们需要食物或水等资源时，他们依靠双向友谊，而不期望任何回报。另外，在另一个世界的新墨西哥州，虽然人们经常帮助运输牲畜并获得支持作为回报，但如果有人遇到困难，比如亲人受伤或死亡，他们会无偿提供帮助)”可知，本段旨在通过两个例子表明，合作是一种良好而自然的本能，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems. Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone.(Aktipis认为，她通过研究这些群体而完善的理论框架可以广泛应用于任何相互依存的系统)”以及“But in a system built on neighboring, pooled costs (合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.(但在一个建立在相邻基础上的体系中，在自然灾害和流行病等集体困难时期，合并成本将减轻负担)”可知，Aktipis打算通过建立一个对抗集体困难的制度来应用她的发现，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. ____16____ Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. ____17____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. ____18____
Covington started with a small community garden. ____19____ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
____20____ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff, they might not.
B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。
16题详解】
根据上文“Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning.(Mark Covington是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.(2007年，Covington失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
结合下文“On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a(an)____21____ spot during a tough time.
It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a ____22____ way — a gift drive. Since then, it has ____23____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a(an)____24____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest ____25____, gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s ____26____ — that’s all that matters to me,” Ella says.
After the first round, the number of donations ____27____ every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count. ____28____, she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year, it ____29____ the entire carpet.”
Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the _____30_____ of Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her_____31_____ at such a young age.”
Ella’s _____32_____ to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to _____33_____ in her footsteps. Friends have collected and _____34_____ gifts for their birthdays too.
“_____35_____ to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”
21. A. independent B. extra C. free D. bright
22. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural
23. A. worked out B. kicked off C. given out D. thought up
24. A. letter B. recreation C. invitation D. cake
25. A. workers B. patients C. parents D. nurses
26. A. happiness B. recognition C. behavior D. admiration
27. A. changes B. grows C. declines D. maintains
28. A. Thus B. Somehow C. Sometimes D. Instead
29. A. reached B. included C. decorated D. covered
30. A. excitement B. effect C. inspiration D. feature
31. A. generosity B. exploration C. ambition D. progress
32. A. promises B. aims C. efforts D. proposals
33. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix
34. A. received B. counted C. gathered D. donated
35. A. Responding B. Relating C. Giving D. Comparing
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了艾拉通过捐赠礼物给生病的孩子庆祝自己的生日的故事，艾拉的做法鼓舞其他人也效仿她，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像艾拉这样的努力是艰难时期的一个亮点。A. independent独立的；B. extra额外的；C. free自由的；D. bright欢快的，明亮的。根据前文“Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids.”和后文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital”可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于2018年，当时艾拉以一种新的方式庆祝她的生日——送礼物。A. new新的；B. private私人的；C. fancy奇特的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“a gift drive. Since then, it has ____3____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday.”可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，每年的十月初，也就是她生日的前几周，就开始了。A. worked out计算出；B. kicked off开始；C. given out分发；D. thought up想出。根据后文“Along with a（an）____4____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉的朋友们除了收到参加她聚会的邀请外，还收到一份给医院里孩子们的礼物清单。A. letter信；B. recreation娱乐；C. invitation邀请；D. cake蛋糕。根据后文“to her party”可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于最小的病人，礼物可能包括积木或填充玩具。A. workers工人；B. patients病人；C. parents父母；D. nurses护士。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看到别人的幸福——这对我来说是最重要的，”艾拉说。A. happiness快乐；B. recognition认可；C. behavior行为；D. admiration钦佩。根据前文“Then it’s time to share the gifts.”可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一轮之后，捐赠的数量每年都在增长。A. changes改变；B. grows增加；C. declines下降；D. maintains保持。根据后文“But she doesn’t keep an exact count.”可知，捐赠数量在增加。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她目测判断。A. Thus因而；B. Somehow莫名其妙地；C. Sometimes有时候；D. Instead代替。根据前文“But she doesn’t keep an exact count.”和后文“she judges by sight.”可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，它覆盖了整个地毯。A. reached到达；B. included包括；C. decorated装饰；D. covered覆盖。根据前文“We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room”可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖多少地毯判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在布里格姆儿童医院工作的艾莉森亲眼目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响。A. excitement兴奋；B. effect影响；C. inspiration鼓舞；D. feature特色。根据后文““She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her____11____ at such a young age.””可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响——给病人带来了快乐。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她给我们医院里的小病人带来了微笑，”艾莉森说。“他们都对她这么年轻就慷慨大方感到惊讶。”A. generosity慷慨；B. exploration探索；C. ambition抱负；D. progress进步。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. promises诺言；B. aims目标；C. efforts努力；D. proposals提议。根据后文“inspired others to ____13____ in her footsteps.”和前文内容可知，艾拉做出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. follow跟随；B. engage参加；C. track追踪；D. mix混合。根据后文“Friends have collected and ____14____ gifts for their birthdays too.”可知，其他人纷纷效仿艾拉。follow in one’s steps“效仿；跟随某人的脚步”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们也因为他们生日收集和捐赠礼物。A. received收到；B. counted计算；C. gathered聚集；D. donated捐赠。根据前文“have inspired others to ____13____ in her footsteps”可知，朋友们效仿艾拉也捐赠礼物。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：给予他人在一天结束的时候是一种很好的感觉，”艾拉说。A. Responding回应；B. Relating与……有关；C. Giving给予；D. Comparing比较。根据前文内容可知，艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain. For generations, parents ____36____ (encourage) their children to practice playing musical instruments. Parents have good reason to prioritize their children’s musical education. Learning an instrument is not only associated with ____37____ (good) educational attainment but also with improved cognitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scores in children.
The results of a recent study ____38____ (investigate) this question showed that musical people had better memory and the ability to stay ____39____ (focus) on tasks than those with less or no musicality.
However, ____40____ made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to play ____41____ had only played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance among participants.
Continued engagement ____42____ cognitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely ____43____ (lead) to sustained brain health. In contrast, playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not ____44____ (significant) impact our cognitive performance later in life.
Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir, engaging in such a cognitive ____45____ (stimulate) as we age could be beneficial.
【答案】36. have encouraged##have been encouraging
37. better 38. investigating
39. focused
40. what 41. or
42. in 43. to lead
44. significantly
45. stimulator
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究表明，学习乐器或者参加合唱团对大脑有好处。
【36题详解】
考查现在完成（进行）时。句意：几代人以来，父母都鼓励他们的孩子练习演奏乐器。根据“For generations”可知，句子用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，主语parents表示复数意义，故填have encouraged/have been encouraging。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关，而且还与提高儿童的认知能力和智力分数有关。根据下文的并列关系“but also with improved cognitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scores in children”可知，此处指“学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关”，应用形容词比较级，故填better。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的一项研究调查了这个问题，结果表明，与那些不太有音乐天赋或没有音乐天赋的人相比，有音乐天赋的人有更好的记忆力和专注于任务的能力。动词investigate与study之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填investigating。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。stay在句中用作连系动词，空处应用形容词作表语，focused“注意力集中的”，形容词，故填focused。
【40题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：然而，演奏乐器的人之间的差异在于他们是继续演奏还是只在过去演奏过。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。whether…or…“是……还是……”，固定短语，故填or。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：持续参与认知刺激活动，如演奏乐器，可能会导致持续的大脑健康。engagement in…“参与……”，固定搭配，故填in。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be likely to do sth“可能做某事”，故此处应填动词不定式，故填to lead。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：相比之下，在小学只演奏三年竖笛可能不会对我们以后的认知表现产生显著影响。修饰动词impact应用副词形式，故填significantly。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：考虑到学习一种乐器或参加合唱团的整体好处，随着年龄的增长，参与这种认知刺激可能是有益的。结合空前的“a cognitive”可知，空处应填名词单数，stimulator“刺激物”，名词，故填stimulator。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I’m delighted to hear about your plan to launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestions.
Firstly, as for the reading materials, I suggest we choose a variety of texts to cater to different interests and reading levels. This diversity will not only enrich our reading experience but also broaden our horizons. Secondly, regarding the reading format, I propose a combination of both group collaboration and independent reading. Group collaboration can foster a lively discussion and encourage students to share their insights, while independent reading allows individuals to delve deeper into the texts at their own pace.
What I strongly believe is that these suggestions will contribute to the success of our reading activity.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一封建议信。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见一事，给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/glad
各种各样的：a variety of → various/a wide range of
建议：suggest→ recommend
相信：believe→ be convinced of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to hear about your plan to launch an English reading activity.
拓展句：I’m delighted to learn that your plan to launch an English reading activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This diversity will not only enrich our reading experience but also broaden our horizons.（使用了not only…but also结构）
【高分句型2】What I strongly believe is that these suggestions will contribute to the success of our reading activity.（使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Becky, a 12-year-old girl, was deep in her maths homework. Her father Bill asked her to help fix the gate of the stall (牛栏). “I couldn’t come out and help, Daddy,” she responded, without even looking up. “I’ll get extra marks if I do these equations (方程式).”
Frowning, Bill was concerned about Becky. She only loved numbers, showing little interest in other things. Bill hoped his daughter could enjoy animals and help on their farm.
“Wouldn’t you like to win the blue ribbon competition with your very own calf next year ” Bill refused to give up. In the competition, children show the calves they raise and the best calf (小牛) with a large build, well-developed muscles and strong legs would get the blue ribbon.
Becky listened without a word. “You know, raising a calf also requires mathmatics, like calculating the expenses to maintain health and muscle development during growth.” Bill continued.
It seemed that something clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect opportunity to show my math talents.” She then followed her dad into the stall. Bill pointed to a new born calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!” Becky looked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”
In the following weeks, she started a journal of projected expenses —vaccinations, registration fees, vet bills, grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thought. But for Becky, the calf seemed more like a mathematical challenge than a living animal that would require care and love.
Winter came —the tough time for the calves. One morning, an extreme snowstorm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky hurried to the stall to check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she They searched everywhere and finally found her a mile away from the stall. The little calf was lying still, covered in ice and snow. Her eyelids were sealed shut by glittering frost. “Is she dead ” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest. “No. But we need to do something —fast,” he urged.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
They rushed the calf into the stall.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
They rushed the calf into the stall. Bill quickly started a fire while Becky quickly fetched blankets and wrapped her, rubbing and holding her body gently. “Dad, she is moving!” Becky gave an excited shout. Then she fed a few drops of warm milk in the calf’s mouth and the tiny jaws moved slightly. From then on, the first thing Becky did after school was going to the stall and feeding her. Day by day, Tag 333 became a strong calf with huge brown eyes, and a coat that shone like silk. “She’ll be the champion in the competition!” Becky thought.
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived. Flags, musicians shouting children and bawling cattle added to the excitement at the county fair. The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questioned its young owner, who tried hard to describe how good their calves looked like Becky’s turn came last. She recited all the numbers since Tag 333’s birth she had clearly memorized. Pointing to Tag 333, the judge announced, Ladies and gentlemen, my choice for first place is this one!” Holding the blue ribbon, Becky realized the experience of love and care is beyond what numbers can convey.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了贝基通过养小牛来锻炼自己的数学能力，她开始记录预计的费用，同时为蓝丝带比赛作准备。最后小牛在她的精心照顾下，获得了比赛的冠军，贝基也意识到爱和关怀的体验是数字无法表达的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们把小牛赶到牛棚里。”可知，第一段可描写贝基照顾小牛的经过以及小牛的成长情况。
②由第二段首句内容“时间飞逝，裁判的日子终于到了”可知，第二段可描写比赛的经过和结果以及贝基的感悟。
2.续写线索：小牛生病——照顾小牛——小牛健康成长——参加比赛——小牛获奖——贝基感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①记得：memorize/remember
②意识到：realize/be aware of
③表达：convey/express
情绪类
①激动：excited/thrilled
②爱：love/affection
【点睛】[高分句型1] Holding the blue ribbon, Becky realized the experience of love and care is beyond what numbers can convey. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questioned its young owner, who tried hard to describe how good their calves looked like Becky’s turn came last. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）
英语
2024.3
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
EYLEA
Consumer Brief Summary
This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.
What is EYLEA
EYLEA is a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF）, which can cause fluid to leak into the macula(视网膜黄斑).
What is EYLEA used for
EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with:
·Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion(RVO)
·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)
·Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)
How is EYLEA given
EYLEA is an injection(注射)administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules. Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.
What are the most common side effects of EYLEA
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
For more possible side effects, ask your eye doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call1-800-FDA-1088.
What should I tell my eye doctor before receiving EYLEA
·Infections in or around the eye
·Eye pain or redness
·Being allergic to any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being or planning to be pregnant
Where can I learn more about EYLEA
For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and see the full information at .
1. Who is the passage intended for
A. Eye doctors. B. Medicine students.
C Drug researchers. D. Patients with eye conditions.
2. How can you learn more about EYLEA
A. Visit . B. Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch. D. Talk to a medical professor.
3. What is this text
A. A medical report. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A healthcare contract. D. A piece of medical instructions.
B
Watford and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimore for generations. Her community has faced environmental injustice. Heavy industries continued to move in her community. As a result, her neighbors have had to live with serious respiratory (呼吸的) problems.
When she knew a plan to build the nation’s largest trash-burning incinerator (焚化炉) less than a mile away from her high school, she realized she had to take action. The incinerator was being sold wrongly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it would be a source of brain-damaging chemicals and would release 200 million tons of greenhouse gases per year, both worse than coal burning. Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn her community to work together to shut this plant down.
She co-founded Free Your Voice (FYV), a 10-person student organization devoted to community rights and social justice. Together, they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers, the incinerator’s developer. They went door-to-door talking to neighbors and organizing protests.
When it was discovered that Baltimore City Public Schools (BCPS) was going to be a customer of Energy Answers, the organization fought with the board and presented their case, urging BCPS to withdraw from the project. BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract, which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same. Without any financial gain, Energy Answers had no market to move forward with its plan.
Watford continues to work with Curtis Bay residents toward fair development. They have a vision for the future which includes building a zero-waste movement, a solar farm, and green jobs. She wants the entire human family to join the fight for environmental justice because survival as a species depends on our ability to take action.
4. What caused respiratory problems in Watford’s community
A. Poor medical care. B. Terrible environmental conditions.
C. Constant bacterial infection. D. Unbalanced distribution of resources.
5. What is Watford’s attitude to building the incinerator
A. Unfavourable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent.
6. What was the result of their campaign
A. BCPS lost financial support. B. Energy Answers stopped its plan.
C. The investors found new market. D. Many customers revised their contracts.
7. What would be the best title for the text
A. A teenage hero against urban pollution
B. A teenage hero fighting for an advanced city
C. A battle for Baltimore’s sky by a teenage hero
D. The social justice challenge for a teenage hero
C
Humans work hard to avoid viruses. Sick people are isolated, diseased animals are killed and fields of infected crops are fired up. Reviving(复活)an ancient virus would surely be a disaster.
But a new study led by Fiddamanfrom Oxford, challenges this conventional wisdom. It shows how the revival of an ancient virus can unlock the secrets of its evolution.
The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus(MDV), killing more than 90% of chickens. Yet when it was discovered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.
Dr Fiddaman wondered whether its new-found virulence(毒性)was a result of large structural changes. To find out, he and his colleagues got their hands on nearly 1,000 chicken bones from ancient times across Europe and Asia, some of them up to 2000 years old. Sections of DNA from these remains were mapped on to the ones of today’s virus.
As the authors pieced together the sets of genes of ancient MDV, however, they noticed that the genes were arranged identically to those in modern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from large structural changes, but from point mutations(突变). In particular, changes had occurred in the arrangement of a gene called MEQ, which has an essential role in tumour(肿瘤)formation.
This discovery suggests that the ancient MDV may not have been able to cause tumours. To test this assumption, Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it into living chicken cells. It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation. In comparison, a modern MEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.
By combining ancient and modern genetic biology, the methods pioneered in the paper reveal how, and more importantly why, any virus mutates. That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings of farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), for instance— or even to work out how to prevent another global pandemic.
8. What is widely acknowledged about the revival of an ancient virus
A. It is a challenging task. B. It reveals the virus evolution.
C. It means a disaster for humans. D. It helps people fight diseases.
9. What caused the virulence change of MDV
A. Point mutations in MEQ. B. The occurrance of a new gene.
C. The reproduction of the ancient MDV. D. Large structural changes in modern species.
10. How did Dr Fiddaman test the assumption
A. By investigating a typical case. B. By conducting a field survey.
C. By studying the related theories. D. By doing a comparative experiment.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.
B. The finding throws light on handling other viruses.
C. A global pandemic requires a world effort to end it.
D. Farmers will face more complex challenges than before.
D
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972, he referred to his subjects — a Ugandan group called the Ik — as “the loveless people.” After two years of observations, he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts (本能): cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look, they identified a community that shared everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine (饥荒). All he saw is what happens when people are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought. “It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives.” she says. By studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist, the experts from the Project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points. They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need, without expecting any repayment. Also, a world away, in New Mexico, while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return, they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties, such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems. Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone. Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live, which means millions of Americans can’t afford it. But in a system built on neighboring, pooled costs (合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.
12. What did Turnbull think of the Ik people
A. Heartless. B. Helpful. C. Restless. D. Generous.
13. What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B. Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C. Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D. Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
14. What does paragraph 3 intend to convey
A. Friendships guarantee a well-being life. B. Folks assist each other to get support.
C Cooperation is a good and natural instinct. D. People tend to provide resources for free.
15. How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings
A. By designing a policy for public health.
B. By monitoring individual health histories.
C. By creating a system against collective hardship.
D. By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. ____16____ Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. ____17____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. ____18____
Covington started with a small community garden. ____19____ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
____20____ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff they might not.
B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a(an)____21____ spot during a tough time.
It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a ____22____ way — a gift drive. Since then, it has ____23____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a(an)____24____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest ____25____, gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s ____26____ — that’s all that matters to me,” Ella says.
After the first round, the number of donations ____27____ every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count. ____28____, she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year, it ____29____ the entire carpet.”
Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the _____30_____ of Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her_____31_____ at such a young age.”
Ella’s _____32_____ to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to _____33_____ in her footsteps. Friends have collected and _____34_____ gifts for their birthdays too.
“_____35_____ to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”
21. A. independent B. extra C. free D. bright
22. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural
23. A. worked out B. kicked off C. given out D. thought up
24. A. letter B. recreation C. invitation D. cake
25. A. workers B. patients C. parents D. nurses
26. A. happiness B. recognition C. behavior D. admiration
27. A. changes B. grows C. declines D. maintains
28. A. Thus B. Somehow C. Sometimes D. Instead
29 A. reached B. included C. decorated D. covered
30. A. excitement B. effect C. inspiration D. feature
31. A. generosity B. exploration C. ambition D. progress
32. A. promises B. aims C. efforts D. proposals
33. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix
34. A. received B. counted C. gathered D. donated
35. A. Responding B. Relating C. Giving D. Comparing
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain. For generations, parents ____36____ (encourage) their children to practice playing musical instruments. Parents have good reason to prioritize their children’s musical education. Learning an instrument is not only associated with ____37____ (good) educational attainment but also with improved cognitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scores in children.
The results of a recent study ____38____ (investigate) this question showed that musical people had better memory and the ability to stay ____39____ (focus) on tasks than those with less or no musicality.
However, ____40____ made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to play ____41____ had only played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance among participants.
Continued engagement ____42____ cognitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely ____43____ (lead) to sustained brain health. In contrast, playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not ____44____ (significant) impact our cognitive performance later in life.
Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir, engaging in such a cognitive ____45____ (stimulate) as we age could be beneficial.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Becky, a 12-year-old girl, was deep in her maths homework. Her father Bill asked her to help fix the gate of the stall (牛栏). “I couldn’t come out and help, Daddy,” she responded, without even looking up. “I’ll get extra marks if I do these equations (方程式).”
Frowning, Bill was concerned about Becky. She only loved numbers, showing little interest in other things. Bill hoped his daughter could enjoy animals and help on their farm.
“Wouldn’t you like to win the blue ribbon competition with your very own calf next year ” Bill refused to give up. In the competition, children show the calves they raise and the best calf (小牛) with a large build, well-developed muscles and strong legs would get the blue ribbon.
Becky listened without a word. “You know, raising a calf also requires mathmatics, like calculating the expenses to maintain health and muscle development during growth.” Bill continued.
It seemed that something clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect opportunity to show my math talents.” She then followed her dad into the stall. Bill pointed to a new born calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!” Becky looked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”
In the following weeks, she started a journal of projected expenses —vaccinations, registration fees, vet bills, grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thought. But for Becky, the calf seemed more like a mathematical challenge than a living animal that would require care and love.
Winter came —the tough time for the calves. One morning an extreme snowstorm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky hurried to the stall to check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she They searched everywhere and finally found her a mile away from the stall. The little calf was lying still, covered in ice and snow. Her eyelids were sealed shut by glittering frost. “Is she dead ” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest. “No. But we need to do something —fast,” he urged.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
They rushed the calf into the stall.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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